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Zhang F, Chen Y, Yang L, Zhu J. Construction and characterization of porcine single-chain fragment variable antibodies that neutralize transmissible gastroenteritis virus in vitro. Arch Virol 2019; 164:983-994. [PMID: 30729994 PMCID: PMC7087081 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection causes severe diarrhea in piglets and imposes a significant economic burden on pig farms. Single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibodies effectively inhibit virus infection and could be a potential therapeutic reagent for preventing disease. In this study, a recombinant scFv antibody phage display library was constructed from peripheral blood lymphocytes of piglets infected with TGEV. The library was screened with four rounds of biopanning using purified TGEV antigen, and scFv antibodies that bound to TGEV were obtained. The scFv gene was subcloned into the pET-28a(+), and the constituted plasmid was introduced into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) for protein expression. All three scFv clones identified had neutralizing activity against TGEV. An immunofluorescence assay and western blot analysis demonstrated that two scFv antibodies reacted with the spike protein of TGEV. These results indicate that scFv antibodies provide protection against viral infection in vitro and may be a therapeutic candidate for both prevention and treatment of TGEV infection in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Frontan Animal Health Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201502, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Frontan Animal Health Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201502, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China. .,School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Lab of Veterinary Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong university, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Bustamante-Córdova L, Melgoza-González EA, Hernández J. Recombinant Antibodies in Veterinary Medicine: An Update. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:175. [PMID: 30101148 PMCID: PMC6072837 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of recombinant antibodies has had a tremendous impact on several research fields, most prominently in biotechnology, immunology and medicine, enabling enormous advances in each. Thus far, a broad diversity of recombinant antibody (rAb) forms have been designed and expressed using different expression systems. Even though the majority of rAbs approved for clinical use are targeted to humans, advances in veterinary medicine seem promising. The aim of this mini-review is to present an update regarding the rAbs in veterinary medicine reported to date, as well as their potential use in diagnostics, prophylaxis and therapeutics. Full- and single-chain fragment variables are the most common forms of rAbs developed for the detection, prevention and control of parasitic, bacterial and viral diseases, as well as pain and cancer treatment. Nonetheless, advances in research seem to be skewed toward economically important animals, such as pigs, cows, poultry and dogs. Although significant results have been obtained from the rAbs reported here, most have not been developed enough to be approved. Further research and clinical trials should be encouraged to enable important findings to fulfill their intended potential to improve animal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Bustamante-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Edgar A Melgoza-González
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Jesús Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
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3
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Dong S, Bo Z, Zhang C, Feng J, Liu X. Screening for single-chain variable fragment antibodies against multiple Cry1 toxins from an immunized mouse phage display antibody library. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:3363-3374. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dubreuil JD, Isaacson RE, Schifferli DM. Animal Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. EcoSal Plus 2016; 7:10.1128/ecosalplus.ESP-0006-2016. [PMID: 27735786 PMCID: PMC5123703 DOI: 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0006-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common cause of E. coli diarrhea in farm animals. ETEC are characterized by the ability to produce two types of virulence factors: adhesins that promote binding to specific enterocyte receptors for intestinal colonization and enterotoxins responsible for fluid secretion. The best-characterized adhesins are expressed in the context of fimbriae, such as the F4 (also designated K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F17, and F18 fimbriae. Once established in the animal small intestine, ETEC produce enterotoxin(s) that lead to diarrhea. The enterotoxins belong to two major classes: heat-labile toxins that consist of one active and five binding subunits (LT), and heat-stable toxins that are small polypeptides (STa, STb, and EAST1). This review describes the disease and pathogenesis of animal ETEC, the corresponding virulence genes and protein products of these bacteria, their regulation and targets in animal hosts, as well as mechanisms of action. Furthermore, vaccines, inhibitors, probiotics, and the identification of potential new targets by genomics are presented in the context of animal ETEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Daniel Dubreuil
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Québec J2S 7C6, Canada
| | - Richard E Isaacson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Dieter M Schifferli
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Ozaki CY, Silveira CRF, Andrade FB, Nepomuceno R, Silva A, Munhoz DD, Yamamoto BB, Luz D, Abreu PAE, Horton DSPQ, Elias WP, Ramos OHP, Piazza RMF. Single Chain Variable Fragments Produced in Escherichia coli against Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Toxins from Enterotoxigenic E. coli. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131484. [PMID: 26154103 PMCID: PMC4496030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a prevalent pathological condition frequently associated to the colonization of the small intestine by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains, known to be endemic in developing countries. These strains can produce two enterotoxins associated with the manifestation of clinical symptoms that can be used to detect these pathogens. Although several detection tests have been developed, minimally equipped laboratories are still in need of simple and cost-effective methods. With the aim to contribute to the development of such diagnostic approaches, we describe here two mouse hybridoma-derived single chain fragment variable (scFv) that were produced in E. coli against enterotoxins of ETEC strains. METHODS AND FINDINGS Recombinant scFv were developed against ETEC heat-labile toxin (LT) and heat-stable toxin (ST), from previously isolated hybridoma clones. This work reports their design, construction, molecular and functional characterization against LT and ST toxins. Both antibody fragments were able to recognize the cell-interacting toxins by immunofluorescence, the purified toxins by ELISA and also LT-, ST- and LT/ST-producing ETEC strains. CONCLUSION The developed recombinant scFvs against LT and ST constitute promising starting point for simple and cost-effective ETEC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anderson Silva
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Bruno B. Yamamoto
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniela Luz
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Waldir P. Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Roxane M. F. Piazza
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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Zhang X, Xu C, Zhang C, Liu Y, Xie Y, Liu X. Established a new double antibodies sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry1Ab toxin based single-chain variable fragments from a naïve mouse phage displayed library. Toxicon 2014; 81:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shukla GS, Krag DN, Peletskaya EN, Pero SC, Sun YJ, Carman CL, McCahill LE, Roland TA. Intravenous infusion of phage-displayed antibody library in human cancer patients: enrichment and cancer-specificity of tumor-homing phage-antibodies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:1397-410. [PMID: 23736951 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-013-1443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phage display is a powerful method for target discovery and selection of ligands for cancer treatment and diagnosis. Our goal was to select tumor-binding antibodies in cancer patients. Eligibility criteria included absence of preexisting anti-phage-antibodies and a Stage IV cancer status. All patients were intravenously administered 1 × 10(11) TUs/kg of an scFv library 1 to 4 h before surgical resection of their tumors. No significant adverse events related to the phage library infusion were observed. Phage were successfully recovered from all tumors. Individual clones from each patient were assessed for binding to the tumor from which clones were recovered. Multiple tumor-binding phage-antibodies were identified. Soluble scFv antibodies were produced from the phage clones showing higher tumor binding. The tumor-homing phage-antibodies and derived soluble scFvs were found to bind varying numbers (0-5) of 8 tested normal human tissues (breast, cervix, colon, kidney, liver, spleen, skin, and uterus). The clones that showed high tumor-specificity were found to bind corresponding tumors from other patients also. Clone enrichment was observed based on tumor binding and DNA sequence data. Clone sequences of multiple variable regions showed significant matches to certain cancer-related antibodies. One of the clones (07-2,355) that was found to share a 12-amino-acid-long motif with a reported IL-17A antibody was further studied for competitive binding for possible antigen target identification. We conclude that these outcomes support the safety and utility of phage display library panning in cancer patients for ligand selection and target discovery for cancer treatment and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girja S Shukla
- Department of Surgery, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Liu Y, Liu X. Isolation of single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for Cry1C toxin from human single fold scFv libraries. Toxicon 2012; 60:1290-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Golchin M, Khalili-Yazdi A, Karamouzian M, Abareghi A. Latex agglutination test based on single-chain Fv recombinant antibody fragment. Scand J Immunol 2012; 75:38-45. [PMID: 21916915 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant antibodies have been proposed as invaluable tools for various therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Here, we describe the development of a novel latex agglutination test (LAT) using single-chain Fv recombinant antibody fragment for the detection of K99(+) enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains. For the production of a single-chain Fv antibody fragment (scFv) against the major colonization factor (FanC) of K99 antigen, the scFv gene was integrated into a bacterial expression vector under the control of T7 promoter. After high-level expression of soluble scFv (approximately 50 mg/l) in flask cultivation of E. coli DE3 and purification, scFv was immobilized on different latex particles, and then, these sensitized beads were used in LAT. Results obtained with our latex reagents revealed that the recombinant antibody-coated particles were able to give a good agglutination signal with purified antigen, intact cells displaying this protein and clinical specimens. The strength of agglutination of scFv-coated beads for antigen was comparable to that of polyclonal anti-K99-coated particles. However, the assay proved to be simple and rapid, similar to conventional LATs, and owing to more convenient and economical production of recombinant antibodies, they can be considered as a useful reagent for replacing monoclonal antibodies in LATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Golchin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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Lavilla M, De Luis R, Pérez MD, Calvo M, Sánchez L. Selection of high affine peptide ligands for detection of Clostridium Tyrobutyricum spores. J Microbiol Methods 2009; 79:214-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Phage-display selection on tumor histological specimens with laser capture microdissection. J Immunol Methods 2009; 347:46-53. [PMID: 19538966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A method was developed to obtain phage-display ligands that bind to a select population of cells in histological specimens of freshly harvested solid human cancers. It combines phage-display panning with laser capture microdissection (LCM). This method allows selection of phage ligands bound to subpopulations of specific cells contained in tumor tissue on histological sections. Naïve phage scFv library was incubated directly on a histological section of human breast cancer that was snap frozen immediately after surgical resection. Tumor and stromal cells were captured by LCM and bound phages were recovered by bacterial infection. Individual phage clones selected after panning were evaluated for their binding ability by immunofluorescence staining on tumor tissue from the same patient. One phage-display antibody clone selected on tumor stroma showed selective binding on tumor stroma but did not bind to malignant cell population. The expressed scFv of this clone showed no significant binding to normal tissue, or 13 other breast cancers, or 4 colon cancer samples. Using the same method, phage display antibody clones were selected on tumor cells which showed binding to tumor cells and normal tissue. This method is applicable for selection of ligands to virtually any portion of a histological specimen amenable to LCM. This may speed the process of generating ligands to any subset of cells or noncellular feature present on histological specimens.
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