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Fehrsen J, Wemmer S, van Wyngaardt W. Construction of Chicken and Ostrich Antibody Libraries. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2702:77-92. [PMID: 37679616 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3381-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant antibody libraries based on chicken immunoglobulin genes are potentially valuable sources of phage-displayed scFvs for use in veterinary diagnostics and research. To add diversity to the scFv repertoire, we expanded the library to include genes from the ostrich, indigenous to southern Africa. The libraries described in this chapter are based on the chicken and ostrich variable heavy and light chain immunoglobulin genes joined by a short flexible linker cloned in the phagemid vector pHEN1. The resulting phagemids produce either scFvs displayed on the surface of the fusion phage subsequent to co-infection with helper phage or soluble scFvs following IPTG induction. This chapter provides detailed and proven methods for the construction of such libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanni Fehrsen
- ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Susan Wemmer
- ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Pretoria, South Africa
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Guo X, Sun W, Wei L, Wang X, Zou Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Wang N, Jiang M, Zhao H, Qu E, Pang Y, Yin J, Ren G. Development and evaluation of a recombinant VP2 neutralizing epitope antigen vaccine candidate for infectious bursal disease virus. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 68:3658-3675. [PMID: 33406318 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most economically important infectious diseases. Currently, vaccination is the most effective method to prevent IBD. Medium-virulence vaccines can damage the bursa of Fabricius and result in immunosuppression. Therefore, it is essential to develop a safe and effective vaccine against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). In this study, the five neutralizing epitopes of the IBDV VP2 protein were confirmed by neutralizing single chain variable fragment antibodies. Then, the neutralizing epitopes antigen (NEA) protein was constructed with five neutralizing epitopes and expressed by pET-27b. Furthermore, the immune effect and protective immunity of the NEA protein with the following adjuvants were evaluated in specific-pathogen-free chickens: oil emulsion adjuvant (OEA), double emulsion adjuvant (DEA), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) adjuvant and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). The experimental results demonstrated that chickens immunized with NEA vaccines elicited stronger humoral and/or cellular immune responses and inflammatory responses than those in the NEA protein group. Chickens were protected in OEA, CFA and GM-CSF adjuvant groups, which were challenged with virulent IBDV BC6/85. Furthermore, IBDV RNA was not measured, and there appeared to be little apoptosis in the bursa of Fabricius based on TUNEL histology and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the OEA, CFA and GM-CSF adjuvant groups. Based on the experimental results, the advantages and disadvantages of adjuvants and industrial production methods, GM-CSF was found to be the optimal adjuvant. Therefore, NEA with GM-CSF adjuvant is a promising vaccine candidate against IBDV, and it provides a framework for developing other vaccines against infectious viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Guo
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenying Sun
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangxiang Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yimeng Zou
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Enbo Qu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuqing Pang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiechao Yin
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiping Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Bustamante-Córdova L, Melgoza-González EA, Hernández J. Recombinant Antibodies in Veterinary Medicine: An Update. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:175. [PMID: 30101148 PMCID: PMC6072837 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of recombinant antibodies has had a tremendous impact on several research fields, most prominently in biotechnology, immunology and medicine, enabling enormous advances in each. Thus far, a broad diversity of recombinant antibody (rAb) forms have been designed and expressed using different expression systems. Even though the majority of rAbs approved for clinical use are targeted to humans, advances in veterinary medicine seem promising. The aim of this mini-review is to present an update regarding the rAbs in veterinary medicine reported to date, as well as their potential use in diagnostics, prophylaxis and therapeutics. Full- and single-chain fragment variables are the most common forms of rAbs developed for the detection, prevention and control of parasitic, bacterial and viral diseases, as well as pain and cancer treatment. Nonetheless, advances in research seem to be skewed toward economically important animals, such as pigs, cows, poultry and dogs. Although significant results have been obtained from the rAbs reported here, most have not been developed enough to be approved. Further research and clinical trials should be encouraged to enable important findings to fulfill their intended potential to improve animal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Bustamante-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Edgar A Melgoza-González
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Jesús Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
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Liu C, Jiang L, Liu L, Sun L, Zhao W, Chen Y, Qi T, Han Z, Shao Y, Liu S, Ma D. Induction of Avian β-Defensin 2 Is Possibly Mediated by the p38 MAPK Signal Pathway in Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts After Newcastle Disease Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:751. [PMID: 29725321 PMCID: PMC5916956 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate whether avian β-defensins (AvBDs) could be induced by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection, and to investigate the potential signaling pathway of AvBD2 induction in response to NDV infection as well. First, mRNA expression of AvBDs (1–14) was evaluated in the chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) infected with NDV strain F48E9 at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi), respectively. The results demonstrated a significant induction of AvBD2 in CEFs elicited by the NDV strain. Then, we expressed and purified the AvBD2 proteins in both eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. Of the two recombinant AvBD2 proteins, only the protein expressed in eukaryotic cells showed directly antiviral activity against NDV strain F48E9 in vitro. Ligands of toll-like receptors (TLRs) were chosen as alternatives to NDV to further study signaling pathway of AvBD2 induction here, due to insufficient upregulation of AvBD2 expression elicited by NDV. We found that the mRNA expression of AvBD2 was highly upregulated by Pam3CSK4, FLA-ST, and ODN-M362. Then, four inhibitors of signaling pathway, including inhibitors of JNK, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB, were used in this study. Of the four inhibitors, only inhibition of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway significantly reduced AvBD2 expression after stimulation with Pam3CSK4, FLA-ST and ODN-M362, respectively. Taken together, these results revealed that AvBD2 play a pivotal role in host innate immunity response to NDV infection. The mRNA expression of AvBD2 might be regulated in a p38 MAPK-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Li Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuqiu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Tianming Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zongxi Han
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhao Shao
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shengwang Liu
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Deying Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Abstract
Recombinant antibody libraries based on chicken immunoglobulin genes are potentially valuable sources of phage displayed scFvs for use in veterinary diagnostics and research. The libraries described in this chapter are based on chicken variable heavy and light chain immunoglobulin genes joined by a short flexible linker cloned in the phagemid vector pHEN1. The resulting phagemids produce either scFvs displayed on the surface of the fusion phage subsequent to co-infection with helper phage, or soluble scFvs following IPTG induction. This chapter provides detailed and proven methods for the construction of such libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanni Fehrsen
- Immunology Division, New Generation Vaccines Programme, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Susan Wemmer
- Immunology Division, New Generation Vaccines Programme, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa
| | - Wouter van Wyngaardt
- Immunology Division, New Generation Vaccines Programme, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa
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Xu J, Wu J, Jiang B, He H, Zhang X, Li X, Yang D, Huang X, Sealy JE, Iqbal M, Li Y. Bovine single chain Fv antibody inhibits bovine herpesvirus-1 infectivity by targeting viral glycoprotein D. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:8331-8344. [PMID: 29063173 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Glycoprotein D (gD) of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) is essential for attachment and penetration of cells during infection and is a major target for neutralizing antibodies during an adaptive immune response. Currently there are no recombinant antibodies capable of binding gD epitopes for use in treating BoHV-1 infection. In this study, a bovine scFv gene derived from a hybridoma secreting monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against the amino acid motif MEESKGYEPP of gD was expressed in E. coli. Molecular modeling, western blot and ELISA analysis showed that this scFv had a high affinity for BoHV-1 gD, with a Kd of 161.2 ± 37.58 nM and for whole BoHV-1 virus, with a Kd of 67.44 ± 16.99 nM. In addition, this scFv displayed a high affinity for BoHV-1 antigen in an ELISA and competed with BoHV-1 anti-serum in a competitive ELISA. Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and laser confocal microscopy showed that this scFv could efficiently bind to and be internalized by BoHV-1 infected Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Importantly, this scFv was shown to inhibit BoHV-1 infectivity and to reduce the number of viral plaques by blocking viral attachment to MDBK cells. Our study suggests that this bovine single-chain antibody could be developed for use as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent against BoHV-1 infection in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, 330045
| | - Bo Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097
| | - Houjun He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, 330045
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097.,Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 102206
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, 330045
| | - Dawei Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097
| | - Xiufen Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097
| | - Joshua E Sealy
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Rd, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Munir Iqbal
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Rd, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Yongqing Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100097.
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Guo X, Cao H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wang N, Jiang S, Zhang S, Wu Q, Li T, Zhang Y, Zhou B, Yin J, Li D, Ren G. Screening scFv antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus by co-expression of antigen and antibody in the bacteria display system. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 180:45-52. [PMID: 27692095 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported an antigen and antibody co-expression (AAC) technology to demonstrate the interaction between a known antigen and antibody. To validate the co-expression system for screening antibody libraries, a single chain fragment variable(scFv)antibody library was constructed from chickens immunized with the VP2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). The genes of both VP2 and scFv antibodies were inserted into the pBFD-Ab-Ag vector. The co-expression library was subjected to three rounds of screening by flow cytometry (FCM) using a polyclonal antibody against VP2 through a bacteria display system. We achieved enrichment of scFv specific for IBDV. 110 individual clones were initially selected and sequenced. Twenty clones were selected based on fluorescence intensity by FCM. The scFv antibodies were expressed by pET-27b in E.coli and purified. The specificity and affinity of the selected scFv antibodies were confirmed by western blotting assay and ELISA analysis. What's more, the neutralizing capacity was measured with IBDV-B87(100 TCID50) in vitro. Four scFvs (clone 8(1), Y8, L10 and L7) showed significant neutralizing capacity. Two of the four scFvs (clone 8(1) and Y8) demonstrated a higher neutralizing activity to IBDV-B87 and the titers were 16,384 and 8,192, respectively. The two scFvs had higher neutralizing capacity than those obtained in previous studies. We demonstrated that the AAC technology could be applied to screen antibody libraries without baiting antigen to make antibody screening process easier and obtain scFvs with higher neutralizing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Guo
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongxue Cao
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yunxin Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanmin Chen
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shengqi Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianhe Li
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiechao Yin
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Deshan Li
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guiping Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Leishmania tarentolae: an alternative approach to the production of monoclonal antibodies to treat emerging viral infections. Infect Dis Poverty 2015; 4:8. [PMID: 26191408 PMCID: PMC4506428 DOI: 10.1186/2049-9957-4-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monoclonal antibody therapy has an important role to play as a post-exposure prophylactic and therapeutic for the treatment of viral infections, including emerging infections. For example, several patients of the present Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa were treated with ZMapp, a cocktail of three monoclonal antibodies which are expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Discussion The majority of monoclonal antibodies in clinical use are expressed in mammalian cell lines which offer native folding and glycosylation of the expressed antibody. Monoclonal antibody expression in vegetal systems offers advantages over expression in mammalian cell lines, including improved potential for scale up and reduced costs. In this paper, I highlight the advantages of an upcoming protozoal system for the expression of recombinant antibody formats. Leishmania tarentolae offers a robust, economical expression of proteins with mammalian glycosylation patterns expressed in stable cell lines and grown in suspension culture. Several advantages of this system make it particularly suited for use in developing contexts. Summary Given the potential importance of monoclonal antibody therapy in the containment of emerging viral infections, novel and alternative strategies to improve production must be explored. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2049-9957-4-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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