1
|
Kang X, Huang T, Shen H, Meng C, Jiao X, Pan Z. Salmonella Enteritidis Subunit Vaccine Candidate Based on SseB Protein Co-Delivered with Simvastatin as Adjuvant. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11040443. [PMID: 35456118 PMCID: PMC9027336 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11040443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is an important zoonotic pathogen that can lead to diarrhea and systemic infections in humans and mortality in animals. This is a major public health issue worldwide. Safe and effective vaccines are urgently needed to control and prevent Salmonella infection. Subunit vaccines are safe and provide targeted protection against Salmonella spp. Here, we developed and evaluated an S. Enteritidis subunit vaccine candidate, the rHis-SseB adjuvant with simvastatin. We amplified the SseB gene from S. Enteritidis C50041 genomic DNA and expressed the recombinant proteins rHis-SseB and rGST-SseB using the Escherichia coli system. Western blotting confirmed the immunoreactivity of recombinant proteins rHis-SseB and rGST-SseB with antisera against Salmonella Enteritidis C50041. In a mouse model of intramuscular vaccination, co-immunization with rHis-SseB and simvastatin significantly enhanced both the SseB-specific antibody titer in serum (humoral immune response) and splenic lymphocyte proliferation (cellular immune response). Co-immunization with rHis-SseB and simvastatin provided 60% protection against subsequent challenge with the S. Enteritidis C50041 strain and decreased bacterial colonization in the liver and spleen. These findings provide a basis for the development of an S. Enteritidis subunit vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xilong Kang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.K.); (T.H.); (H.S.); (C.M.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.K.); (T.H.); (H.S.); (C.M.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Huanhuan Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.K.); (T.H.); (H.S.); (C.M.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chuang Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.K.); (T.H.); (H.S.); (C.M.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.K.); (T.H.); (H.S.); (C.M.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (Z.P.)
| | - Zhiming Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.K.); (T.H.); (H.S.); (C.M.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (Z.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Crouch CF, Pugh C, Patel A, Brink H, Wharmby C, Watts A, van Hulten MCW, de Vries SPW. Reduction in intestinal colonization and invasion of internal organs after challenge by homologous and heterologous serovars of Salmonella enterica following vaccination of chickens with a novel trivalent inactivated Salmonella vaccine. Avian Pathol 2020; 49:666-677. [PMID: 32907345 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1814200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel inactivated vaccine, comprising three serovars of Salmonella enterica (Enteritidis, serogroup O:9; Typhimurium, serogroup O:4; Infantis, serogroup O:7) grown under conditions of iron restriction and adjuvanted with aluminium hydroxide, was evaluated for efficacy following challenge by homologous and heterologous serovars. Chickens were vaccinated at 6 and 10 weeks of age by the intramuscular route and challenged 4 to 9 weeks after the second vaccination with serovars belonging to serogroup O:9 (Enteritidis), O:4 (Typhimurium and Heidelberg), O:7 (Infantis and Virchow), and O:8 (Hadar). All vaccinated birds produced a marked systemic antibody response against each of the component vaccine antigens by the time of challenge. Significant reductions in both colonization of the intestinal tract and invasion of internal organs were observed in vaccinated birds compared with non-vaccinated controls, irrespective of the challenge serovar. The findings suggest that broad serovar protection within the constitutive serogroups of an inactivated multi-valent vaccine is possible and could, therefore, play an important role in future Salmonella control programmes. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Novel inactivated trivalent Salmonella chicken vaccine was developed and tested. Vaccine induced marked systemic antibody response against all vaccine antigens. Significant reductions in intestinal tract colonization and internal organ invasion. Vaccine efficacy demonstrated against homologous and heterologous serovars.
Collapse
|
3
|
Castro-Vargas RE, Herrera-Sánchez MP, Rodríguez-Hernández R, Rondón-Barragán IS. Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry: A global overview. Vet World 2020; 13:2070-2084. [PMID: 33281339 PMCID: PMC7704309 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2070-2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is the most important foodborne pathogen, and it is often associated with the contamination of poultry products. Annually, Salmonella causes around 93 million cases of gastroenteritis and 155,000 deaths worldwide. Antimicrobial therapy is the first choice of treatment for this bacterial infection; however, antimicrobial resistance has become a problem due to the misuse of antibiotics both in human medicine and animal production. It has been predicted that by 2050, antibiotic-resistant pathogens will cause around 10 million deaths worldwide, and the WHO has suggested the need to usher in the post-antibiotic era. The purpose of this review is to discuss and update the status of Salmonella antibiotic resistance, in particular, its prevalence, serotypes, and antibiotic resistance patterns in response to critical antimicrobials used in human medicine and the poultry industry. Based on our review, the median prevalence values of Salmonella in broiler chickens, raw chicken meat, and in eggs and egg-laying hens were 40.5% ( interquartile range [IQR] 11.5-58.2%), 30% (IQR 20-43.5%), and 40% (IQR 14.2-51.5%), respectively. The most common serotype was Salmonella Enteritidis, followed by Salmonella Typhimurium. The highest antibiotic resistance levels within the poultry production chain were found for nalidixic acid and ampicillin. These findings highlight the need for government entities, poultry researchers, and producers to find ways to reduce the impact of antibiotic use in poultry, focusing especially on active surveillance and finding alternatives to antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Enrique Castro-Vargas
- Research Group in Immunology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Santa Helena Highs, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Santa Helena Highs, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
| | - María Paula Herrera-Sánchez
- Research Group in Immunology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Santa Helena Highs, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Santa Helena Highs, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Roy Rodríguez-Hernández
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Santa Helena Highs, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Iang Schroniltgen Rondón-Barragán
- Research Group in Immunology and Pathogenesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Santa Helena Highs, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Tolima, Santa Helena Highs, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao R, Wang L, Ogunremi D. Virulence Determinants of Non-typhoidal Salmonellae. Microorganisms 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
5
|
Kolenda R, Ugorski M, Grzymajlo K. Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Salmonella Type 1 Fimbriae, but Were Afraid to Ask. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1017. [PMID: 31139165 PMCID: PMC6527747 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial attachment to host intestinal mucosa after oral infection is one of the most important stages during bacterial pathogenesis. Adhesive structures, widely present on the bacterial surface, are mainly responsible for the first contact with host cells and of host-pathogen interactions. Among dozens of different bacterial adhesins, type 1 fimbriae (T1F) are one of the most common adhesive organelles in the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Salmonella spp., and are important virulence factors. Those long, thin structures, composed mainly of FimA proteins, are responsible for recognizing and binding high-mannose oligosaccharides, which are carried by various glycoproteins and expressed at the host cell surface, via FimH adhesin, which is presented at the top of T1F. In this review, we discuss investigations into the functions of T1F, from the earliest work published in 1958 to operon organization, organelle structure, T1F biogenesis, and the various functions of T1F in Salmonella-host interactions. We give special attention to regulation of T1F expression and their role in binding of Salmonella to cells, cell lines, organ explants, and other surfaces with emphasis on biofilm formation and discuss T1F role as virulence factors based on work using animal models. We also discuss the importance of allelic variation in fimH to Salmonella pathogenesis, as well as role of FimH in Salmonella host specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Kolenda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Grzymajlo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
van de Reep L, Nielen M, Verstappen KMHW, Broens EM, van den Broek J, Velkers FC. Response to a Salmonella Enteritidis challenge in old laying hens with different vaccination histories. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2733-2739. [PMID: 29726970 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extending the laying period of laying hens is beneficial for economic and sustainability purposes. Because vaccines were designed with a shorter laying period envisaged, it is unclear whether current Salmonella vaccines can provide sufficient levels of protection against infection at an older age. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the efficacy of early rearing vaccination schemes against Salmonella challenge late in the laying period. There were four treatment groups: birds that had not been vaccinated (Group 1), birds vaccinated with live Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) (Group 2), with live and inactivated SE (Group 3), or with live SE and live Salmonella Typhimurium (Group 4). At the end of the laying period, the birds were transported from the laying farm to the research facility where they were orally challenged with 2.06 × 109 colony-forming units SE at around 82 wk of age. Hens were euthanized and bacteriology was performed on cecum, liver, spleen, and follicular fluid samples to determine SE colonization 7 and 14 d after challenge. Clinical and bacteriological findings of hens vaccinated with different vaccination schemes and the non-vaccinated control group were compared. No significant differences in SE colonization were found for vaccinated groups compared to the non-vaccinated control group. This may be a result of waning immunity due to the long time between vaccination and challenge. Also, as vaccination took place in the rearing period in the field, initial levels of immunity may not have been optimal due to shortcomings in the vaccination technique. Furthermore, the results of this study may have been affected by differences in age, breed, and origin between the groups. Therefore, controlled studies from early age onwards are necessary for more accurate comparisons between vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L van de Reep
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.151, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Nielen
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.151, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K M H W Verstappen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Postbus 80.165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E M Broens
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Postbus 80.165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J van den Broek
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.151, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F C Velkers
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.151, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghunaim H, Desin TS. Potential Impact of Food Safety Vaccines on Health Care Costs. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 12:733-40. [PMID: 26111256 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens continue to cause several outbreaks every year in many parts of the world. Among the bacterial pathogens involved, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and nontyphoidal Salmonella species cause a significant number of human infections worldwide, resulting in a huge annual economic burden that amounts to millions of dollars in health care costs. Human infections are primarily caused by the consumption of contaminated food. Vaccination of food-producing animals is an attractive, cost-effective strategy to lower the levels of these pathogens that will ultimately result in a safer food supply and fewer human infections. However, producers are often reluctant to routinely vaccinate animals against these pathogens since they do not cause any detectable clinical symptoms. This review highlights recent approaches used to develop effective food safety vaccines and the potential impact these vaccines might have on health care costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Ghunaim
- 1 Department of Health Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
| | - Taseen S Desin
- 2 Basic Sciences Department, College of Science & Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jawale CV, Lee JH. Comparative evaluation of Salmonella Enteritidis ghost vaccines with a commercial vaccine for protection against internal egg contamination with Salmonella. Vaccine 2014; 32:5925-30. [PMID: 25218296 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted for the comparative evaluation of the vaccine potential of Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis, SE) ghost, SE ghost carrying Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) protein, and a commercial vaccine. Group A chickens were used as a non-vaccinated control, group B chickens were immunized with the ghost carrying LTB protein, group C chickens were immunized with the ghost and, group D chickens were immunized with a commercial vaccine. Group D chickens showed the swelling at the injection site, while no adverse reactions were observed at injection sites of the group B and C chickens. Chickens from the immunized groups B, C, and D demonstrated significant increases in plasma IgG, intestinal secretory IgA levels, and antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferative responses. After challenge with a virulent SE strain via intravenous route, groups B, C, and D showed significantly higher egg production and lower internal egg contamination and lower recovery of the challenge strain from internal organs compared to non-immunized-challenged control group A. In conclusion, these data indicate that immunization of chickens with the ghost and ghost carrying LTB is safe, without causing any adverse reaction, and is effective as the commercial vaccine in terms of reduction in internal egg contamination and internal organ colonization of Salmonella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan V Jawale
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Veterinary Public Health, 664-14 Duckjin-dong, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Veterinary Public Health, 664-14 Duckjin-dong, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jawale CV, Lee JH. An immunogenic Salmonella ghost confers protection against internal organ colonization and egg contamination. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 162:41-50. [PMID: 25241048 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The tightly regulated expression of the PhiX174 lysis gene E from a multi-copy plasmid led to the stable production of an Salmonella Enteritidis bacterial ghost. The present study was conducted to evaluate induction of the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses induced after single or double intramuscular immunization with the S. Enteritidis ghost and to assess its protective effect on colonization of the intestinal tract, visceral and reproductive organs, internal egg contamination, and egg production of laying chickens. A total of 60 chickens were equally divided into three groups (n=20); group A (non-immunized control), group B (immunized at 8 and 16 weeks of age) and group C (immunized at 16th week of age). Chickens from both immunized groups B and C demonstrated significant increases in plasma IgG, intestinal secretory IgA levels, and antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferative responses. The population of CD3+CD4+ positive T cells in the immunized chickens was also significantly increased after immunization and virulent challenge. In addition, the immunized groups B and C showed significantly higher egg production and a lower percentage of S. Enteritidis contaminated eggs after challenge compared to those of group A. A comparison of challenge strain isolation from the immunized-challenged and non-immunized-challenged layer hens showed that the double immunization group induced excellent protection against intestinal, liver, splenic, and ovarian Salmonella colonization; however, the single immunized chickens showed lower counts only in the splenic and ovarian organs. Overall, the data give compelling evidence that vaccination with the S. Enteritidis ghost induced robust protective immunity against experimental avian salmonellosis and may contribute to the reduce incidence of egg contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan V Jawale
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Foley SL, Johnson TJ, Ricke SC, Nayak R, Danzeisen J. Salmonella pathogenicity and host adaptation in chicken-associated serovars. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2013; 77:582-607. [PMID: 24296573 PMCID: PMC3973385 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00015-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric pathogens such as Salmonella enterica cause significant morbidity and mortality. S. enterica serovars are a diverse group of pathogens that have evolved to survive in a wide range of environments and across multiple hosts. S. enterica serovars such as S. Typhi, S. Dublin, and S. Gallinarum have a restricted host range, in which they are typically associated with one or a few host species, while S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium have broad host ranges. This review examines how S. enterica has evolved through adaptation to different host environments, especially as related to the chicken host, and continues to be an important human pathogen. Several factors impact host range, and these include the acquisition of genes via horizontal gene transfer with plasmids, transposons, and phages, which can potentially expand host range, and the loss of genes or their function, which would reduce the range of hosts that the organism can infect. S. Gallinarum, with a limited host range, has a large number of pseudogenes in its genome compared to broader-host-range serovars. S. enterica serovars such as S. Kentucky and S. Heidelberg also often have plasmids that may help them colonize poultry more efficiently. The ability to colonize different hosts also involves interactions with the host's immune system and commensal organisms that are present. Thus, the factors that impact the ability of Salmonella to colonize a particular host species, such as chickens, are complex and multifactorial, involving the host, the pathogen, and extrinsic pressures. It is the interplay of these factors which leads to the differences in host ranges that we observe today.
Collapse
|
11
|
Desin TS, Köster W, Potter AA. Salmonella vaccines in poultry: past, present and future. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 12:87-96. [PMID: 23256741 DOI: 10.1586/erv.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella species are important zoonotic pathogens that cause gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals. Poultry products contaminated with these pathogens are one of the major sources of human Salmonella infections. Vaccination of chickens, along with other intervention measures, is an important strategy that is currently being used to reduce the levels of Salmonella in poultry flocks, which will ultimately lead to lower rates of human Salmonella infections. However, despite numerous studies that have been performed, there is still a need for safer, well-defined Salmonella vaccines. This review examines the different classes of Salmonella vaccines that have been tested, highlighting the merits and problems of each, and provides an insight into the future of Salmonella vaccines and the platforms that can be used for delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taseen S Desin
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Evaluation of recombinant outer membrane protein based vaccine against Salmonella Typhimurium in birds. Biologicals 2013; 41:162-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
13
|
Dehghani B, Rasooli I, Gargari SLM, Nadooshan MRJ, Owlia P, Nazarian S. Immunogenicity of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis virulence protein, InvH, and cross-reactivity of its antisera with Salmonella strains. Microbiol Res 2013; 168:84-90. [PMID: 23141708 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Dehghani
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran-Qom Express Way, Opposite Imam Khomeini's Shrine, Tehran 3319118651, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dewaele I, Van Meirhaeghe H, Rasschaert G, Vanrobaeys M, De Graef E, Herman L, Ducatelle R, Heyndrickx M, De Reu K. Persistent Salmonella Enteritidis environmental contamination on layer farms in the context of an implemented national control program with obligatory vaccination. Poult Sci 2012; 91:282-91. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
15
|
Amalaradjou MAR, Bhunia AK. Modern approaches in probiotics research to control foodborne pathogens. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2012; 67:185-239. [PMID: 23034117 PMCID: PMC7150249 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394598-3.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne illness is a serious public health concern. There are over 200 known microbial, chemical, and physical agents that are known to cause foodborne illness. Efforts are made for improved detection, control and prevention of foodborne pathogen in food, and pathogen associated diseases in the host. Several commonly used approaches to control foodborne pathogens include antibiotics, natural antimicrobials, bacteriophages, bacteriocins, ionizing radiations, and heat. In addition, probiotics offer a potential intervention strategy for the prevention and control of foodborne infections. This review focuses on the use of probiotics and bioengineered probiotics to control foodborne pathogens, their antimicrobial actions, and their delivery strategies. Although probiotics have been demonstrated to be effective in antagonizing foodborne pathogens, challenges exist in the characterization and elucidation of underlying molecular mechanisms of action and in the development of potential delivery strategies that could maintain the viability and functionality of the probiotic in the target organ.
Collapse
|
16
|
Immunization of chickens with Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis pathogenicity island-2 proteins. Vet Microbiol 2011; 153:274-84. [PMID: 21684090 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several structural components of the type III secretion systems (T3SS) encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI)-1 and SPI-2 are exposed to the host's immune system prior to/during the infection/invasion process, making them potential vaccine candidates. In this study we evaluated whether chickens vaccinated with SPI-2 T3SS components could mount a significant humoral immune response (as measured by serum IgG titres) and whether these antibodies could be transferred to progeny (as measured by egg yolk IgG titres), and whether vaccinates and progeny of vaccinates could be protected against challenge with SE. The results of our studies show that vaccinated chickens do produce high levels of SPI-2 T3SS specific serum IgG that they are able to transfer to their progeny. It was demonstrated that vaccinates and progeny of vaccinates had lower overall countable recovered Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) per bird in most situations.
Collapse
|
17
|
Stevens MP, Humphrey TJ, Maskell DJ. Molecular insights into farm animal and zoonotic Salmonella infections. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2009; 364:2709-23. [PMID: 19687040 PMCID: PMC2865095 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is a facultative intracellular pathogen of worldwide importance. Infections may present in a variety of ways, from asymptomatic colonization to inflammatory diarrhoea or typhoid fever depending on serovar- and host-specific factors. Human diarrhoeal infections are frequently acquired via the food chain and farm environment by virtue of the ability of selected non-typhoidal serovars to colonize the intestines of food-producing animals and contaminate the avian reproductive tract and egg. Colonization of reservoir hosts often occurs in the absence of clinical symptoms; however, some S. enterica serovars threaten animal health owing to their ability to cause acute enteritis or translocate from the intestines to other organs causing fever, septicaemia and abortion. Despite the availability of complete genome sequences of isolates representing several serovars, the molecular mechanisms underlying Salmonella colonization, pathogenesis and transmission in reservoir hosts remain ill-defined. Here we review current knowledge of the bacterial factors influencing colonization of food-producing animals by Salmonella and the basis of host range, differential virulence and zoonotic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Stevens
- Division of Microbiology, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Berkshire RG20 7NN, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sirsat S, Muthaiyan A, Ricke S. Antimicrobials for foodborne pathogen reduction in organic and natural poultry production. J APPL POULTRY RES 2009. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2008-00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
19
|
Gast RK. Serotype-Specific and Serotype-Independent Strategies for Preharvest Control of Food-Borne Salmonella in Poultry. Avian Dis 2007; 51:817-28. [PMID: 18251388 DOI: 10.1637/8090-081807.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|