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Dadar M, Bahreinipour A, Alamian S, Yousefi AR, Amiri K, Abnaroodheleh F. Serological, cultural, and molecular analysis of Brucella from Buffalo milk in various regions of Iran. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:427-436. [PMID: 37812358 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a significant infection that causes abortion, decreased milk production, and sterility in livestock, which greatly affects the industry. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Brucella in buffalo milk samples across various regions of Iran, utilizing serological, molecular, and cultural analyses. A total of 1860 buffalo milk samples were collected from industrial, semi-industrial, and traditional buffalo farms in four major buffalo breeding provinces. The milk ring test agglutination test (MRT) was initially conducted on all milk samples, followed by culture and molecular testing for positive and negative samples in MRT. The study revealed positive results for the presence of Brucella DNA in various provinces of Iran. The MRT had a relatively low sensitivity, with results ranging from 0 to 0.7% in different provinces. However, the AMOS PCR method showed a significantly higher presence of Brucella DNA, ranging from 13 to 46% in these provinces. The highest abundance of Brucella bacterial DNA was found in Ardabil province, while the lowest was in West Azerbaijan province. Brucella abortus was the most commonly detected bacteria, followed by Brucella melitensis. Interestingly, the B. abortus vaccine strain RB51 was detected in 26.3% of positive samples of B. abortus. The culture assay of milk samples further confirmed the presence of B. melitensis biovar 1 in one sample from Khuzestan province. Overall, the study emphasizes that the AMOS PCR method is the most sensitive in detecting Brucella-exposed milk, while the sensitivity of milk sample culture and MRT is relatively lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | | | - Saeed Alamian
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Yousefi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Karim Amiri
- Iranian veterinary organization, Tehran, Iran
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Al-Afifi AH, Alewy Almashhadany D, Al-Azazi AS, Khalaf AM, Naji Ahmed Odhah M, Al-Gabri NA. Prevalence of Brucella spp. in milk from aborted and non-aborted animals in Dhamar governorate, Yemen. Ital J Food Saf 2022; 11:10370. [PMID: 36590019 PMCID: PMC9795821 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2022.10370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella infection in animals is considered a great problem in most countries of the world. Our study designed to determine the prevalence of brucella in field animal's milk in Dhamar governorate, Yemen. Total of 808 raw milk samples from non-aborted field animals, 120 milk samples from aborted animals, and 30 pasteurized milk samples were teste by Milk-Ring Test (MRT), milk-ELISA test, isolation and identification of brucella species, and antibiotic susceptibility. The prevalence of brucella in milk samples from field animals was 0.8%, 2.6%, and 2% in cows, sheep, and goat milk samples respectively with MRT, and 0.8%, 1.3% and 1.6% in cows, sheep and goat milk samples respectively with the milk- ELISA test. The prevalence rate in milk samples from aborted animals was 33%, 64% and 41.2% with the MRT and 39%, 49%, and 41.2% in cows, sheep and goats respectively with the milk-ELISA test. All pasteurized milk samples were negative for the milk-ELISA test. The result of isolation showed 0.1% of Brucella in milk samples from field animals while 9.2% from aborted animals. All isolates of Brucella species were sensitivities to rifampicin, doxycycline, kanamycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, while resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, and novobiocin. In conclusion, the high prevalence of milk brucella especially in aborted animals needs focusing and build controlling strategies plans to decrease the losses to the economy and avoid transferred to humans with unpasteurized milk consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman H. Al-Afifi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Dhary Alewy Almashhadany
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Aziz S.H. Al-Azazi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Ahmed M. Khalaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen,Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Naji Ahmed Odhah
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Naif A. Al-Gabri
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen,Laboratory of Salam Veterinary Group, Burayda, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia,Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, 87246 Dhamar, Yemen; Laboratory of Salam Veterinary Group, Burayda, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia +966547171089.
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Armson B, Di Nardo A, Nyaguthii DM, Sanz‐Bernardo B, Kitala PM, Chepkwony E, Mioulet V, King DP, Lyons NA. Utilizing milk from pooling facilities as a novel approach for foot-and-mouth disease surveillance. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:1532-1542. [PMID: 31961008 PMCID: PMC7384003 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of pooled milk as an alternative sample type for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) surveillance. Real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) results of pooled milk samples collected weekly from five pooling facilities in Nakuru County, Kenya, were compared with half-month reports of household-level incidence of FMD. These periodic cross-sectional surveys of smallholder farmers were powered to detect a threshold household-level FMD incidence of 2.5% and collected information on trends in milk production and sales. FMD virus (FMDV) RNA was detected in 9/219 milk samples, and using a type-specific rRT-PCR, serotype SAT 1 was identified in 3/9 of these positive samples, concurrent with confirmed outbreaks in the study area. Four milk samples were FMDV RNA-positive during the half-months when at least one farmer reported FMD; that is, the household-level clinical incidence was above a threshold of 2.5%. Additionally, some milk samples were FMDV RNA-positive when there were no reports of FMD by farmers. These results indicate that the pooled milk surveillance system can detect FMD household-level incidence at a 2.5% threshold when up to 26% of farmers contributed milk to pooling facilities, but perhaps even at lower levels of infection (i.e., below 2.5%), or when conventional disease reporting systems fail. Further studies are required to establish a more precise correlation with estimates of household-level clinical incidence, to fully evaluate the reliability of this approach. However, this pilot study highlights the potential use of this non-invasive, routinely collected, cost-effective surveillance tool, to address some of the existing limitations of traditional surveillance methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryony Armson
- The Pirbright InstituteSurreyUK
- Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem HealthInstitute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative MedicineCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | | | - Dickson M. Nyaguthii
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | | | - Philip M. Kitala
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Eunice Chepkwony
- Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease LaboratoryState Department of LivestockEmbakasiNairobiKenya
| | | | | | - Nicholas A. Lyons
- The Pirbright InstituteSurreyUK
- European Commission for the Control of Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease (EuFMD)Animal Production and Health DivisionFood and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsRomeItaly
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Wang Y, Robertson ID, Cheng S, Wang Y, Hou L, Wang G, Wu X, Li X, Chen Y, Guo A. Evaluation of a milk ELISA as an alternative to a serum ELISA in the determination of the prevalence and incidence of brucellosis in dairy herds in Hubei Province, China. Prev Vet Med 2020; 182:105086. [PMID: 32673936 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to compare a milk I-ELISA with a serum ELISA for the diagnosis of brucellosis in dairy cattle and then to use the milk I-ELISA to determine the prevalence and incidence of brucellosis in dairy herds in Hubei Province, China. The two tests were shown to have good agreement with a Cohen's kappa statistic of 0.747 (p < 0.001) when 147 animals originating from 4 dairy herds in the province were tested. The results of Bayesian Latent Class Analysis estimated that the sensitivity and specificity of the milk I-ELISA under field conditions were 87.2 % and 92.0 %, respectively. An epidemiological survey based on the milk I-ELISA was then conducted in 3091 cows from 15 commercial dairy herds from January to July 2018 in Hubei Province. The animal level real prevalence varied from 34.9 % (95 % CI: 28.5, 41.8) to 51.4 % (95 % CI: 48.2, 54.6) in the 15 herds tested. Most farms (93.3 %) tested contained at least one test-positive animal. As only ten farms met the inclusion criteria for the calculation of incidence risk, the overall real incidence risk in 10 of these farms was 0.4 % (95 % CI: 0.1, 1.2) per 3 months, which highlights the potential for spread of the disease within infected herds. It is concluded that the milk I-ELISA test could be used as a rapid screening test for brucellosis in unvaccinated dairy cows and, given the high occurrence of bovine brucellosis in this study, an effective prevention and control program needs to be developed and implemented in Hubei Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 430070 Hubei Province, China
| | - Ian D Robertson
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 430070 Hubei Province, China; School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, 6150 Australia.
| | - Shuang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 430070 Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 430070 Hubei Province, China
| | - Liyue Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 430070 Hubei Province, China
| | - Guiqiang Wang
- Hubei Dairy Herd Improvement Center, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xijuan Wu
- Hubei Dairy Herd Improvement Center, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 430070 Hubei Province, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Province, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 430070 Hubei Province, China.
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Dadar M, Fakhri Y, Shahali Y, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Contamination of milk and dairy products by Brucella species: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Res Int 2019; 128:108775. [PMID: 31955745 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is known as an influential zoonosis in different regions worldwide, with significant effects on the reproductive performance of livestock. Considering the high incidence of brucellosis in dairy products and further negative impacts on food safety, the present study was aimed to systematically investigate prevalence worldwide among published data regarding the identification of Brucella spp. in dairy products. In this regard, some databases, i.e., Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science have been searched to retrieve all related articles regarding the incidence of Brucella contaminations in dairy products from 1 January 1983 to 1 April 2019. The prevalence of Brucella spp. in unpasteurized dairy products based on countries, WHO regions, and dairy product subgroups were evaluated and statistically compared. Based on the findings, the prevalence of Brucella spp. in dairy products increased while the GDP (C = 0.17, P-value < 0.001) and HDI (C = 0.19, P-value < 0.001) ranking decreased. Also, the highest prevalence of Brucella contamination in dairy products was noted in buffalo (25.91%) and goat (17.90%), respectively. The lowest and highest prevalence of Brucella spp. were observed in the Western Pacific (15.32%) and the Southeast Asia region (25.55%), respectively. Also, the rank order of WHO regions based on odds ratio (OR) was Southeast Asia region (2.84) > Eastern Mediterranean (2.41) > Region of America (1.65) > European Region (1.54) > Africa region (1.46) > Western Pacific (reference). The results of this study showed that decreasing poverty and an increase in the level of education in societies could reduce the prevalence of Brucella spp. in dairy products. The outcome of the current investigation can be used for the implementation of sustainable intervention and prevention strategies in affected regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Youcef Shahali
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80. Caixa Postal: 6121, CEP: 13083-862 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kumar Verm A, Dhama K, Chakrabort S, Kumar A, Tiwari R, Rahal A, . M, Vir Singh S. Strategies for Combating and Eradicating Important Infectious Diseases of Animals with Particular Reference to India: Present and Future Perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2014.77.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Limitations of the BP26 protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Brucellosis. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 20:1410-7. [PMID: 23863503 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00052-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a serious zoonosis that occurs worldwide, and its diagnosis is typically based on the detection of antibodies against Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the specificity of the LPS-based test is compromised by cross-reactivity with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Yersinia enterocolitica O:9. Also, diagnosis based on the LPS test cannot differentiate between vaccinated and infected individuals. The detection of the 26-kDa cytosoluble protein (BP26) antibody is considered an alternative that circumvents these drawbacks because it is exclusively expressed by infectious Brucella. A BP26-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been tried for the diagnosis of Brucella-infected animals and humans, but a few results showed that BP26 couldn't react with all Brucella-positive sera. In order to explore whether different animals could produce antibodies against BP26 after being infected with various Brucella species, we infected sheep, goats, and beef cattle with common virulent reference Brucella species. All sera were collected from the experimental animals and tested using both LPS-based ELISAs and BP26-based ELISAs. The results showed that all Brucella-infected individuals could produce high levels of antibodies against LPS, but only B. melitensis 16M- and B. melitensis M28-infected sheep and B. melitensis 16M- and B. abortus 2308-infected goats could produce antibodies against BP26. Therefore, we concluded that the BP26-based indirect ELISA (i-ELISA) showed both Brucella species and host specificity, which obviously limits its reliability as a substitute for the traditional LPS-based ELISA for the detection of brucellosis.
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Ning P, Guo K, Xu L, Xu R, Zhang C, Cheng Y, Cui H, Liu W, Lv Q, Cao W, Zhang Y. Short communication: evaluation of Brucella infection of cows by PCR detection of Brucella DNA in raw milk. J Dairy Sci 2013; 95:4863-4867. [PMID: 22916890 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-5600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The collection of serum samples from cows is frequently difficult to implement in large-scale surveys, and may involve a high risk of occupational infection. This study assessed the potential of using raw milk sampling as a suitable method for use in a pilot survey of Brucella abortus infection status in cattle. Raw milk samples from 816 cows were examined. Polymerase chain reaction assays of raw milk, with primers derived from the IS711 element of the Brucella genome, were used. Of the cows, 55 were Brucella positive based on serum agglutination test (SAT) results. Polymerase chain reaction amplified Brucella DNA in 25 (45%) of the 55 SAT-positive cows. All of the 689 SAT-negative cows were found to be negative in PCR assays of their milk. Brucella infection status based on PCR results was then predicted for 72 cows from private h erds in which the brucellosis status was unknown. Subsequently, SAT verification of Brucella status was performed. There was no significant difference between predicted and actual SAT-positive rates in those 72 cows. This study indicates a relationship between Brucella detection levels obtained using milk-based PCR results and SAT results. The specific, rapid, and easy sampling procedure within milk-based PCR assaying for brucellosis detection makes the milk PCR method an attractive alternative for evaluation of B. abortus infection in cows, particularly if used as a routine screening and surveillance tool to reduce brucellosis outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ning
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - K Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - L Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - R Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - C Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Y Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - H Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - W Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Q Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - W Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Y Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Khalili M, Sakhaee E, Aflatoonian MR, Shahabi-Nejad N. Herd–prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) antibodies in dairy cattle farms based on bulk tank milk analysis. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2011; 4:58-60. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 11/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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10
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Liebes Y, Amir L, Marks RS, Banai M. Immobilization strategies of Brucella particles on optical fibers for use in chemiluminescence immunosensors. Talanta 2009; 80:338-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Guatteo R, Beaudeau F, Joly A, Seegers H. Assessing the Within-herd Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii Milk-shedder Cows using a Real-time PCR Applied to Bulk Tank Milk. Zoonoses Public Health 2007; 54:191-4. [PMID: 17542961 DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2007.01043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-seven bulk tank milk (BTM) and individual milk samples of all contributing cows were tested for Coxiella burnetii detection by a real-time PCR assay and used to assess the relationship between the BTM PCR-response and (i) the within-herd prevalence of milk-shedder cows and (ii) the proportion of heavy milk-shedder cows. The within-herd prevalence of milk-shedder cows (i) was found to be significantly higher in herds with a positive BTM and (ii) increased significantly with the estimated titre in Coxiella burnetii obtained in positive BTM. The proportion of heavy milk-shedder cows among the milk-shedder cows increased significantly with an increased estimated titre in Coxiella burnetii in positive BTM. Therefore, a real-time PCR assay applied to BTM samples collected repeatedly over time appears to be a valuable tool to assess on a larger scale the status of herds towards Coxiella shedding, and to evaluate the efficiency of control actions aimed at controlling and/or preventing Coxiella shedding in dairy herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Guatteo
- Unit of Animal Health Management, Veterinary School & INRA, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
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el-Razik KAA, Ghazi YA, Salama EM. Monitoring of Brucella reactor does following milk examination using different techniques. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:240-4. [PMID: 19070022 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.240.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Milk samples from 129 does were collected and monitored for Brucella antibodies using immunological tests such as Milk Ring Test (MRT), Whey Agglutination Test (WAT), Whey Antiglobulin Coombs Test (WCT) and milk ELISA (m ELISA) using Brucella Periplasmic protein antigen. Results obtained from these tests were compared to PCR and bacterial isolation. The highest incidence of positive reactors was given by Whey Antiglobulin and Whey Agglutination Test (9.3%) while the lowest incidence was given by bacterial isolation (Br. melitensis biovars 3, 3.8%). PCR showed the highest agreement with the bacterial isolation, while WAT and WCT showed the lowest one. PCR showed a high sensitivity of 1 x 10 B. melitensis CFU mL(-1) of milk. The results of mELISA here suggests its efficiency to be used as a screening test and/or confirmatory test, while the modified MRT still need more investigations to diagnosis caprine brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Abd el-Razik
- Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I. National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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López G, Escobar GI, Ayala SM, Lucero NE. Detection of antibodies to Brucella ovis in sheep milk using B. ovis and B. canis antigen. Vet Microbiol 2006; 116:232-8. [PMID: 16678362 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2006] [Revised: 03/21/2006] [Accepted: 03/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The diagnostic techniques most widely used for detecting brucellosis caused by Brucella ovis are serological tests such as complement fixation (CFT), agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), and ELISAs. However, to our knowledge, milk tests, with the advantage that samples may be taken in a non invasive manner, have not been investigated as diagnostic tools. We studied 144 samples of milk and sera from lactating ewes, comparing bacteriological studies, serological and milk tests using Brucella canis and B. ovis antigens. A group of 75 ewes in an uninfected flock were serologically negative to rapid slide agglutination test (RSAT), indirect ELISA (IELISA)-B. canis, AGID and IELISA-B. ovis. The milk of these ewes had an IELISA-B. canis mean (%P) value of 16.18 (S.D. 5.63), while the IELISA-B. ovis had a mean (%P) value of 12.52 (S.D. 4.94). A cut-off value of (%P) 27.44 (+2 S.D.) or (%P) 33 (+3 S.D.) was determined by milk-ELISA-B. canis and (%P) 22.4 (+2 S.D.) and (%P) 27.34 (+3 S.D.) by milk-IELISA-B. ovis. These cut-off values were adjusted by receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) analysis using 23 positive samples from infected ewes, which indicated a milk-IELISA-B. canis cut-off value of (%P) 33 and milk-IELISA-B. ovis of (%P) 26 with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Based on our results, we propose that, following a study of a larger number of samples, the milk-IELISA-B. canis could be considered a suitable test for the diagnosis of B. ovis brucellosis in lactating ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G López
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Ruta 4 Km 2.5, LLAVALLOL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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