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Hao J, Fu J, Yu K, Gao X, Zang K, Ma H, Xue H, Song Y, Zhu K, Yang M, Zhang Y. Isolation of the Initial Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 1 Isolate from Yanbian, China. Vet Sci 2024; 11:348. [PMID: 39195802 PMCID: PMC11360619 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11080348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine infectious rhinotracheitis (IBR), caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), poses significant challenges to the global cattle industry due to its high contagiousness and economic impact. In our study, we successfully isolated a BoAHV1 strain from suspected infected bovine nasal mucus samples in Yanji city, revealing genetic similarities with strains from Sichuan, Egypt, and the USA, while strains from Xinjiang, Beijing, Hebei, and Inner Mongolia showed more distant associations, indicating potential cross-border transmission. Additionally, our investigation of BoAHV1 infection dynamics within host cells revealed early upregulation of gB, which is critical for sustained infection, while the expression of gC and gD showed variations compared to previous studies. These findings enhance our understanding of BoAHV1 diversity and infection kinetics, underscoring the importance of international collaboration for effective surveillance and control strategies. Furthermore, they lay the groundwork for the development of targeted therapeutics and vaccines to mitigate the impact of IBR on the cattle industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Hao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jingfeng Fu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Kai Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Keyan Zang
- Department of Animal Disease Prevention and Control Centre, Longjing 133400, China;
| | - Haoyuan Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haowen Xue
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yanhao Song
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Kunru Zhu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yaning Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.H.); (J.F.); (K.Y.); (H.M.); (H.X.); (Y.S.); (K.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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Genetic fusion of peste des petits ruminants virus haemagglutinin and fusion protein domains to the amino terminal subunit of glycoprotein B of bovine herpesvirus 1 interferes with transport and function of gB for BHV-1 infectious replication. Virus Res 2018; 258:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection is widespread and causes a variety of diseases. Although similar in many respects to the human immune response to human herpesvirus 1, the differences in the bovine virus proteins, immune system components and strategies, physiology, and lifestyle mean the bovine immune response to BHV-1 is unique. The innate immune system initially responds to infection, and primes a balanced adaptive immune response. Cell-mediated immunity, including cytotoxic T lymphocyte killing of infected cells, is critical to recovery from infection. Humoral immunity, including neutralizing antibody and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, is important to prevention or control of (re-)infection. BHV-1 immune evasion strategies include suppression of major histocompatibility complex presentation of viral antigen, helper T-cell killing, and latency. Immune suppression caused by the virus potentiates secondary infections and contributes to the costly bovine respiratory disease complex. Vaccination against BHV-1 is widely practiced. The many vaccines reported include replicating and non-replicating, conventional and genetically engineered, as well as marker and non-marker preparations. Current development focuses on delivery of major BHV-1 glycoproteins to elicit a balanced, protective immune response, while excluding serologic markers and virulence or other undesirable factors. In North America, vaccines are used to prevent or reduce clinical signs, whereas in some European Union countries marker vaccines have been employed in the eradication of BHV-1 disease.
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