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Wang J, Zhou J, Zhu X, Bian X, Han N, Fan B, Gu L, Cheng X, Li S, Tao R, Li J, Zhang X, Li B. Isolation and characterization of a G9P[23] porcine rotavirus strain AHFY2022 in China. Microb Pathog 2024; 190:106612. [PMID: 38467166 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Rotavirus group A (RVA) is a main pathogen causing diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. Various genotypes are prevalent in the Chinese pig herd. The genetic diversity of RVA lead to distinctly characteristics. In the present study, a porcine RVA strain, named AHFY2022, was successfully isolated from the small intestine tissue of piglets with severe diarrhea. The AHFY2022 strain was identified by cytopathic effects (CPE) observation, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), electron microscopy (EM), high-throughput sequencing, and pathogenesis to piglets. The genomic investigation using NGS data revealed that AHFY2022 exhibited the genotypes G9-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1, using the online platform the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC) (https://www.bv-brc.org/). Moreover, experimental inoculation in 5-day-old and 27-day-old piglets demonstrated that AHFY2022 caused severe diarrhea, fecal shedding, small intestinal villi damage, and colonization in all challenged piglets. Taken together, our results detailed the virological features of the porcine rotavirus G9P[23] from China, including the whole-genome sequences, genotypes, growth kinetics in MA104 cells and the pathogenicity in suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xianyu Bian
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Nan Han
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Laqiang Gu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Sufen Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China.
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Gao L, Shen H, Zhao S, Chen S, Zhu P, Lin W, Chen F. Isolation and Pathogenicity Analysis of a G5P[23] Porcine Rotavirus Strain. Viruses 2023; 16:21. [PMID: 38257722 PMCID: PMC10819142 DOI: 10.3390/v16010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are the primary cause of severe intestinal diseases in piglets. Porcine rotaviruses (PoRVs) are widely prevalent in Chinese farms, resulting in significant economic losses to the livestock industry. However, isolation of PoRVs is challenging, and their pathogenicity in piglets is not well understood. (2) Methods: We conducted clinical testing on a farm in Jiangsu Province, China, and isolated PoRV by continuously passaging on MA104 cells. Subsequently, the pathogenicity of the isolated strain in piglets was investigated. The piglets of the PoRV-infection group were orally inoculated with 1 mL of 1.0 × 106 TCID50 PoRV, whereas those of the mock-infection group were fed with an equivalent amount of DMEM. (3) Results: A G5P[23] genotype PoRV strain was successfully isolated from one of the positive samples and named RVA/Pig/China/JS/2023/G5P[23](JS). The genomic constellation of this strain was G5-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. Sequence analysis revealed that the genes VP3, VP7, NSP2, and NSP4 of the JS strain were closely related to human RVAs, whereas the remaining gene segments were closely related to porcine RVAs, indicating a reassortment between porcine and human strains. Furthermore, infection of 15-day-old piglets with the JS strain resulted in a diarrheal rate of 100% (8 of 8) and a mortality rate of 37.5% (3 of 8). (4) Conclusions: The isolated G5P[23] genotype rotavirus strain, which exhibited strong pathogenicity in piglets, may have resulted from recombination between porcine and human strains. It may serve as a potential candidate strain for developing vaccines, and its immunogenicity can be tested in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Gao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.G.); (S.Z.); (S.C.); (P.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Hanqin Shen
- Wen’s Food Group, Yunfu 527300, China;
- Guangdong Jingjie Inspection and Testing Co., Ltd., Yunfu 527300, China
| | - Sucan Zhao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.G.); (S.Z.); (S.C.); (P.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Sheng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.G.); (S.Z.); (S.C.); (P.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Puduo Zhu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.G.); (S.Z.); (S.C.); (P.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wencheng Lin
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.G.); (S.Z.); (S.C.); (P.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.G.); (S.Z.); (S.C.); (P.Z.); (W.L.)
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Zhou X, Niu JW, Zhang JF, Liao M, Zhai SL. Commentary: Identification of pulmonary infections with porcine Rotavirus A in pigs with respiratory disease. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1102602. [PMID: 36733638 PMCID: PMC9887174 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1102602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Department of Swine Diseases, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wei Niu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Department of Swine Diseases, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Department of Swine Diseases, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China,Maoming Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Maoming, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Department of Swine Diseases, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China,Maoming Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Maoming, China,Ming Liao ✉
| | - Shao-Lun Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Department of Swine Diseases, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shao-Lun Zhai ✉
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Miao Q, Pan Y, Gong L, Guo L, Wu L, Jing Z, Zhang G, Tian J, Feng L. Full genome characterization of a human-porcine reassortment G12P[7] rotavirus and its pathogenicity in piglets. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:3506-3517. [PMID: 36150417 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing numbers of cases of acute gastroenteritis caused by Group A rotavirus (RVA) G12 strains have been reported in humans from many countries around the world, but G12 RVA detection in animals is currently less reported. Pigs are an important animal reservoir of zoonotic RVs and a mixing vessel for RVs. In 2020, RVA infection cases in piglets increased in China, which attracted more attention. During an epidemiological survey, a new type of porcine G12P[7] strain (CN127) was detected in pig farms across several provinces. Complete genome analyses revealed that strain CN127 possessed a Wa-like backbone with a genotype constellation of G12-P[7]-I1-C1-M1-R1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. The A8 genotype is indicative of its porcine rotavirus origin. Sequence identities and phylogenetic analyses showed that the VP2, VP4, NSP1, NSP4 and NSP5 genes were most closely related to those of porcine rotaviruses, but the VP1, VP6, VP7 and NSP2-3 genes were most closely related to those of human rotaviruses. CN127 likely emerged due to genetic reassortment between porcine and human rotavirus. In vivo experiments showed that CN127 infection caused gastrointestinal tract lesions in piglets and histopathological changes in the lung, liver and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). In the small intestine, RVA antigen was detected in the duodenum and jejunum but not in the ileum. In the extra-intestinal tissues, RVA antigen was detected in the lung but not in the MLNs. Viral RNA was detected in the intestinal and extra-intestinal tissues as well as blood. This study reveals that RVA G12P[7] may become an epidemic strain in China and also provides further evidence that cocirculating human and porcine strains could produce new genotype rotaviruses with high virulence in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Longjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyang Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Nelsen A, Lager KM, Stasko J, Nelson E, Lin CM, Hause BM. Identification of Pulmonary Infections With Porcine Rotavirus A in Pigs With Respiratory Disease. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:918736. [PMID: 35812854 PMCID: PMC9260157 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.918736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
While rotavirus (RV) is primarily known to cause gastroenteritis in many animals, several epidemiological studies have shown concurrent respiratory symptoms with fecal and nasal virus shedding. However, respiratory RV infections have rarely been investigated. By screening clinical samples submitted for diagnostic testing, porcine rotavirus A (RVA) was detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) in 28 out of 91 (30.8%) lungs obtained from conventionally reared pigs with respiratory signs. Among the positive cases, intensive RVA signals were mainly localized in alveolar macrophages (n = 3) and bronchiolar epithelial cells (n = 1) by RNAscope® in situ hybridization (ISH). The signals of RVA in bronchiolar epithelial cells were verified by ISH with different probes, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, additional cases with RVA ISH-positive signals in alveolar macrophages (n = 9) and bronchial epithelial cells (n = 1) were identified by screening 120 archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded lung samples using tissue microarrays. Overall, our study showed a high frequency of RVA detection in lungs from conventional pigs with respiratory disease. Further research is needed to determine if RVA infection in the respiratory epithelium correlates with nasal shedding of rotavirus and its contribution to respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Nelsen
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Kelly M. Lager
- National Animal Disease Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Judith Stasko
- National Animal Disease Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Eric Nelson
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Chun-Ming Lin
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States,Chun-Ming Lin
| | - Ben M. Hause
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States,*Correspondence: Ben M. Hause
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Development of a live attenuated trivalent porcine rotavirus A vaccine against disease caused by recent strains most prevalent in South Korea. Vet Res 2019; 50:2. [PMID: 30616694 PMCID: PMC6323864 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine rotaviruses cause severe economic losses in the Korean swine industry due to G- and P-genotype mismatches between the predominant field and vaccine strains. Here, we developed a live attenuated trivalent porcine group A rotavirus vaccine using 80 cell culture passages of the representative Korean predominant strains G8P[7] 174-1, G9P[23] PRG942, and G5P[7] K71. Vaccination with the trivalent vaccine or its individual components induced no diarrhea during the first 2 weeks post-vaccination, i.e., the vaccines were attenuated. Challenge of trivalent-vaccinated or component-vaccinated piglets with homologous virulent strain(s) did not induce diarrhea for 2 weeks post-challenge. Immunization with the trivalent vaccine or its individual components also alleviated the histopathological lesions in the small intestines caused by challenge with the corresponding original virulent strain(s). Fecal secretory IgAs specific for each of vaccine strains were detected starting at 14 days post-vaccination (dpv), and IgA levels gradually increased up to 28 dpv. Oral immunization with the trivalent vaccine or its individual components induced high levels of serum virus-neutralizing antibody by 7 dpv. No diarrhea was observed in any experimental piglets during five consecutive passages of each vaccine strain. Our data indicated that the live attenuated trivalent vaccine was safe and effective at protecting piglets from diarrhea induced by challenge exposure of homologous virulent strains. This trivalent vaccine will potentially contribute toward controlling porcine rotavirus disease in South Korea and other countries where rotavirus infections with similar G and P genotypes are problematic.
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Wang Z, Lv C, Xu X, Li X, Yao Y, Gao X, Sun Z, Wang Y, Sun Y, Xiao Y, Tian K. The dynamics of a Chinese porcine G9P[23] rotavirus production in MA-104 cells and intestines of 3-day-old piglets. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:790-797. [PMID: 29553062 PMCID: PMC5989024 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus A (RVA) G9 genotype is recognized as an emerging genotype which is spreading worldwide, however, our knowledge on pathogenicity of this virus is limited. In this study, porcine
RVA strain HN03 was successfully isolated on MA-104 cells, and the isolate was propagated continuously for 7 passages after a virus cloning at passage 3. The virus titers from 4 to 10
passages ranged from 107.1 to 108.1 TCID50/ml. The growth curve of HN03 strain in cell culture was determined, and the virus production
dynamics was confirmed by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA). Sequence and phylogenetic analyses based on full-length VP7 and partial VP4 genes indicated that HN03 strain belongs to
genotype G9P[23]. In addition, the sixth passage of strain HN03 in cell culture was subjected to 3-day-old piglets. All infected piglets developed severe watery diarrhea within 24 hr
post-inoculation (hpi), but recovered from disease after 72 hpi. RVA antigen could be detected by IHC in the cytoplasm of villous enterocytes as early as 2 hr after appearance of clinical
symptoms and virus antigen load kept increasing in the next 30 hr. The dynamics of RVA HN03 strain proliferation on cells and in pigs extended our understanding of rotavirus
pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Wang
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Chaochao Lv
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yali Yao
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Gao
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhou Wang
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Sun
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China.,National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
| | - Kegong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China.,National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Road Cuiwei, High-Tech District, Luoyang 471003, P.R. China
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Park JG, Park SI, Woo NI, Kim DS, Seo JY, Alfajaro MM, Kim JY, Soliman M, Baek YB, Cho EH, Kwon J, Choi JS, Kang MI, Matthijnssens J, Cho KO. Whole genomic characterization of Korean porcine G8P[7] reassortant rotaviruses. Arch Virol 2016; 161:2835-41. [PMID: 27393603 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-2945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed eleven genomic segments of three Korean porcine G8P[7] group A rotavirus (RVA) strains. Phylogenetically, these strains contained two bovine-like and nine porcine-like genomic segments. Eight genes (VP1, VP2, VP6 and NSP1-NSP5) of strains 156-1 and 42-1 and seven genes (VP1, VP2, VP6 and NSP2-NSP5) of strain C-1 clustered closely with porcine and porcine-like animal strains and distantly from typical human Wa-like strains. The VP3-M2 genotype of these strains clustered closely with bovine-like strains, but distantly with typical human DS-1-like strains. These data indicate that multiple reassortments involving porcine and bovine RVA strains in Korea must have occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ik Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Il Woo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Song Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Young Seo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Mia Madel Alfajaro
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmoud Soliman
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Bin Baek
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hyo Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Kwon
- Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Choi
- Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Il Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jelle Matthijnssens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Viral Metagenomics, University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kyoung-Oh Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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Evidence of multiple reassortment events of feline-to-human rotaviruses based on a rare human G3P[9] rotavirus isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 46:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Porcine Rotavirus G9P[13] and Human Rotavirus Wa G1P[8]. J Virol 2015; 90:142-51. [PMID: 26468523 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02401-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The changing epidemiology of group A rotavirus (RV) strains in humans and swine, including emerging G9 strains, poses new challenges to current vaccines. In this study, we comparatively assessed the pathogenesis of porcine RV (PRV) G9P[13] and evaluated the short-term cross-protection between this strain and human RV (HRV) Wa G1P[8] in gnotobiotic pigs. Complete genome sequencing demonstrated that PRV G9P[13] possessed a human-like G9 VP7 genotype but shared higher overall nucleotide identity with historic PRV strains. PRV G9P[13] induced longer rectal virus shedding and RV RNAemia in pigs than HRV Wa G1P[8] and generated complete short-term cross-protection in pigs challenged with HRV or PRV, whereas HRV Wa G1P[8] induced only partial protection against PRV challenge. Moreover, PRV G9P[13] replicated more extensively in porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) than did HRV Wa G1P[8]. Cross-protection was likely not dependent on serum virus-neutralizing (VN) antibodies, as the heterologous VN antibody titers in the sera of G9P[13]-inoculated pigs were low. Thus, our results suggest that heterologous protection by the current monovalent G1P[8] HRV vaccine against emerging G9 strains should be evaluated in clinical and experimental studies to prevent further dissemination of G9 strains. Differences in the pathogenesis of these two strains may be partially attributable to their variable abilities to replicate and persist in porcine immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs). Additional studies are needed to evaluate the emerging G9 strains as potential vaccine candidates and to test the susceptibility of various immune cells to infection by G9 and other common HRV/PRV genotypes. IMPORTANCE The changing epidemiology of porcine and human group A rotaviruses (RVs), including emerging G9 strains, may compromise the efficacy of current vaccines. An understanding of the pathogenesis and genetic, immunological, and biological features of the new emerging RV strains will contribute to the development of new surveillance and prevention tools. Additionally, studies of cross-protection between the newly identified emerging G9 porcine RV strains and a human G1 RV vaccine strain in a susceptible host (swine) will allow evaluation of G9 strains as potential novel vaccine candidates to be included in porcine or human vaccines.
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Evidences and consequences of extra-intestinal spread of rotaviruses in humans and animals. Virusdisease 2014; 25:186-94. [PMID: 25674584 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-014-0197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus is recognized as one of the main diarrheal pathogens in young children and animals. The prevailing central dogma of rotavirus infection states that the infection is confined in the gastrointestinal tract. However, increasing evidences indicate that rotavirus infection is systemic. Clinical case reports of systemic manifestations to rotavirus infection in children has continued to accumulate over the past years. The use of animal models provided pathological and molecular evidences for extra-intestinal infection of rotaviruses. The mechanism correlated with the extra-intestinal spread of rotavirus infection from the intestine is through cell-free and cell-associated viremia. The extent of the extra-intestinal spread of rotavirus infection has not yet been fully elucidated; whether it can only affect a limited number of organs and tissues or capable of involving the body as a whole. Moreover, the influence of systemic rotavirus infections remains to be determined. In this review, combination of previous and new data are outlined to help in better understanding of the extra-intestinal infections of rotaviruses.
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