1
|
Morales-Olavarría M, Nuñez-Belmar J, González D, Vicencio E, Rivas-Pardo JA, Cortez C, Cárdenas JP. Phylogenomic analysis of the Porphyromonas gingivalis - Porphyromonas gulae duo: approaches to the origin of periodontitis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1226166. [PMID: 37538845 PMCID: PMC10394638 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1226166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is an oral human pathogen associated with the onset and progression of periodontitis, a chronic immune-inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the teeth-supporting tissue. P. gingivalis belongs to the genus Porphyromonas, which is characterized by being composed of Gram-negative, asaccharolytic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, obligatory anaerobic species, inhabiting niches such as the oral cavity, urogenital tract, gastrointestinal tract and infected wound from different mammals including humans. Among the Porphyromonas genus, P. gingivalis stands out for its specificity in colonizing the human oral cavity and its keystone pathogen role in periodontitis pathogenesis. To understand the evolutionary process behind P. gingivalis in the context of the Pophyoromonas genus, in this study, we performed a comparative genomics study with publicly available Porphyromonas genomes, focused on four main objectives: (A) to confirm the phylogenetic position of P. gingivalis in the Porphyromonas genus by phylogenomic analysis; (B) the definition and comparison of the pangenomes of P. gingivalis and its relative P. gulae; and (C) the evaluation of the gene family gain/loss events during the divergence of P. gingivalis and P. gulae; (D) the evaluation of the evolutionary pressure (represented by the calculation of Tajima-D values and dN/dS ratios) comparing gene families of P. gingivalis and P. gulae. Our analysis found 84 high-quality assemblies representing P. gingivalis and 14 P. gulae strains (from a total of 233 Porphyromonas genomes). Phylogenomic analysis confirmed that P. gingivalis and P. gulae are highly related lineages, close to P. loveana. Both organisms harbored open pangenomes, with a strong core-to-accessory ratio for housekeeping genes and a negative ratio for unknown function genes. Our analyses also characterized the gene set differentiating P. gulae from P. gingivalis, mainly associated with unknown functions. Relevant virulence factors, such as the FimA, Mfa1, and the hemagglutinins, are conserved in P. gulae, P. gingivalis, and P. loveana, suggesting that the origin of those factors occurred previous to the P. gulae - P. gingivalis divergence. These results suggest an unexpected evolutionary relationship between the P. gulae - P. gingivalis duo and P. loveana, showing more clues about the origin of the role of those organisms in periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Morales-Olavarría
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Josefa Nuñez-Belmar
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dámariz González
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emiliano Vicencio
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jaime Andres Rivas-Pardo
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Cortez
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Juan P. Cárdenas
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nomura R, Nagasawa Y, Misaki T, Ito S, Naka S, Okunaka M, Watanabe M, Tsuzuki K, Matsumoto-Nakano M, Nakano K. Distribution of periodontopathic bacterial species between saliva and tonsils. Odontology 2022:10.1007/s10266-022-00776-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
3
|
Sondorová M, Kučera J, Kačírová J, Krchová Nagyová Z, Šurín Hudáková N, Lipták T, Maďar M. Prevalence of Periodontal Pathogens in Slovak Patients with Periodontitis and Their Possible Aspect of Transmission from Companion Animals to Humans. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101529. [PMID: 36290432 PMCID: PMC9598676 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oral health and diseases are greatly influenced by oral bacteria. During dysbiosis, bacterial composition changes, which can lead to periodontitis. Periodontitis in humans is associated with periodontal pathogens such as Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Animal-to-human transmission of some of these pathogens has also been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal pathogens in Slovak patients and to assess the possible risk of transmission of these pathogens from animals to their owners. The presence of periodontal pathogens in dental plaque was monitored by PCR. Amplified products were analysed using Sanger sequencing. T. forsythia isolates were assessed for the susceptibility to different antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. In humans, T. denticola, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and A. actinomycetemcomitans were present in 69.23%, 69.23%, 100% and 84.62%, respectively. Most isolates of T. forsythia were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, clindamycin and moxifloxacin, but they were resistant to metronidazole. The transmission of T. forsythia from animals to their owners was not proven based on sequence analysing. On the other hand, transmission of Porphyromonas gulae was confirmed, but the risk of its involvement in the pathogenesis of periodontitis in humans must be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sondorová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kučera
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Kačírová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Krchová Nagyová
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Natália Šurín Hudáková
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Lipták
- Small Animal Clinic, University Veterinary Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Marián Maďar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-949715632
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Assessment of Changes in the Oral Microbiome That Occur in Dogs with Periodontal Disease. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120291. [PMID: 34941818 PMCID: PMC8707289 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome in dogs is a complex community. Under some circumstances, it contributes to periodontal disease, a prevalent inflammatory disease characterized by a complex interaction between oral microbes and the immune system. Porphyromonas and Tannerella spp. are usually dominant in this disease. How the oral microbiome community is altered in periodontal disease, especially sub-dominant microbial populations is unclear. Moreover, how microbiome functions are altered in this disease has not been studied. In this study, we compared the composition and the predicted functions of the microbiome of the cavity of healthy dogs to those with from periodontal disease. The microbiome of both groups clustered separately, indicating important differences. Periodontal disease resulted in a significant increase in Bacteroidetes and reductions in Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Porphyromonas abundance increased 2.7 times in periodontal disease, accompanied by increases in Bacteroides and Fusobacterium. It was predicted that aerobic respiratory processes are decreased in periodontal disease. Enrichment in fermentative processes and anaerobic glycolysis were suggestive of an anaerobic environment, also characterized by higher lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. This study contributes to a better understanding of how periodontal disease modifies the oral microbiome and makes a prediction of the metabolic pathways that contribute to the inflammatory process observed in periodontal disease.
Collapse
|
5
|
Urmi AS, Inaba H, Nomura R, Yoshida S, Ohara N, Asai F, Nakano K, Matsumoto-Nakano M. Roles of Porphyromonas gulae proteases in bacterial and host cell biology. Cell Microbiol 2021; 23:e13312. [PMID: 33486854 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gulae, an animal-derived periodontal pathogen, expresses several virulence factors, including fimbria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and proteases. We previously reported that its invasive efficiency was dependent on fimbriae types. In addition, P. gulae LPS increased inflammatory responses via toll-like receptors. The present study was conducted to investigate the involvement of P. gulae proteases in bacterial and host cell biology. Porphyromonas gulae strains showed an ability to agglutinate mouse erythrocytes and also demonstrated co-aggregation with Actinomyces viscosus, while the protease inhibitors antipain, PMSF, TLCK and leupeptin diminished P. gulae proteolytic activity, resulting in inhibition of haemagglutination and co-aggregation with A. viscosus. In addition, specific proteinase inhibitors were found to reduce bacterial cell growth. Porphyromonas gulae inhibited Ca9-22 cell proliferation in a multiplicity of infection- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, P. gulae-induced decreases in cell contact and adhesion-related proteins were accompanied by a marked change in cell morphology from well spread to rounded. In contrast, inhibition of protease activity prevented degradation of proteins, such as E-cadherin, β-catenin and focal adhesion kinase, and also blocked inhibition of cell proliferation. Together, these results indicate suppression of the amount of human proteins, such as γ-globulin, fibrinogen and fibronectin, by P. gulae proteases, suggesting that a novel protease complex contributes to bacterial virulence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alam Saki Urmi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Inaba
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryota Nomura
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita-Osaka, Japan
| | - Sho Yoshida
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoya Ohara
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Dental School, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Asai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita-Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yoshida S, Inaba H, Nomura R, Murakami M, Yasuda H, Nakano K, Matsumoto-Nakano M. Efficacy of FimA antibody and clindamycin in silkworm larvae stimulated with Porphyromonas gulae. J Oral Microbiol 2021; 13:1914499. [PMID: 33968314 PMCID: PMC8079003 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.1914499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Porphyromonas gulae, a major periodontal pathogen in animals, possesses fimbriae that have been classified into three genotypes (A, B, C) based on the diversity of fimA genes encoding fimbrillin protein (FimA). P. gulae strains with type C fimbriae were previously shown to be more virulent than other types. In this study, we further examined the host toxicity mediated by P. gulae fimbriae by constructing recombinant FimA (rFimA) expression vectors for each genotype and raised antibodies to the purified proteins. Methods and Results: All larvae died within 204 h following infection with P. gulae type C at the low-dose infection, whereas type A and B did not. Among fimA types, the survival rates of the larvae injected with rFimA type C were remarkably decreased, while the survival rates of the larvae injected with rFimA type A and type B were greater than 50%. Clindamycin treatment inhibited the growth of type C strains in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in an increased rate of silkworm survival. Finally, type C rFimA-specific antiserum prolonged the survival of silkworm larvae stimulated by infection with P. gulae type C strain or injection of rFimA type C protein. Conclusion: These results suggested that type C fimbriae have high potential for enhancement of bacterial pathogenesis, and that both clindamycin and anti-type C rFimA-specific antibodies are potent inhibitors of type C fimbriae-induced toxicity. This is the first report to establish a silkworm infection model using P. gulae for toxicity assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yoshida
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Inaba
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryota Nomura
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Murakami
- Departments of Pharmacology, Veterinary Public Health II and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fujiwara-Takahashi K, Watanabe T, Shimogishi M, Shibasaki M, Umeda M, Izumi Y, Nakagawa I. Phylogenetic diversity in fim and mfa gene clusters between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas gulae, as a potential cause of host specificity. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 12:1775333. [PMID: 32944148 PMCID: PMC7482747 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1775333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontopathic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis in humans and Porphyromonas gulae in animals are phylogenetically close and commonly have FimA and Mfa1 fimbriae. However, little is known about how fimA and mfa1 are phylogenetically different between P. gingivalis and P. gulae. Here, we examined phylogenetic diversity in their fim and mfa gene clusters. Methods Twenty P. gulae strains were isolated from the periodontal pocket of 20 dogs. For their genomic information, along with 64 P. gingivalis and 11 P. gulae genomes, phylogenetic relationship between the genotypes of fimA and mfa1 was examined. Variability of amino acid sequences was examined in the three-dimensional structure of FimA. The distance between strains was calculated for fim and mfa genes. Results Some fimA genotypes in P. gulae were close to particular types in P. gingivalis. Two types of mfa1 were classified as 70-kDa and 53-kDa protein-coding mfa1. The variable amino acid positions were primarily at the outer part of FimA. The genes encoding the structural proteins and the main component were similarly distant from the reference strain in P. gingivalis, but not in P. gulae. Conclusions The differences in the gene clusters between P. gingivalis and P. gulae may result in their host specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Fujiwara-Takahashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Both the authors have equally contributed to this article.,Present address: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takayasu Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Both the authors have equally contributed to this article
| | - Masahiro Shimogishi
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Shibasaki
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Oral Care Perio Center, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cheng Y, Wang K, Lin L, Zhao X, Pan Z, Zhou Z. Differences in pathogenicity and virulence-associated gene expression among Pasteurella multocida strains with high and low virulence in a lung tissue model. Microb Pathog 2019; 140:103911. [PMID: 31830580 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida capsular type A can cause a pulmonary infection, leading to serious pecuniary losses in cattle. The heterogeneity of infection outcome of P. multocida strains showing different virulence may be related to divergent expression of virulence genes. In this study, we compared the transcriptional response of virulence-associated genes in high (PMPAN001) and low (PMPAN007) virulence P. multocida capsular type A strains in lung tissues and in vitro. These clinical isolates differ in their organ bacterial loads, mRNA abundance of the same virulence genes between lung and culture medium, and extent of lung damage. Among the eight virulence-associated genes (fimA, tbpA, exbD, fur, oma87, pmHAS, nanH, and tonB), seven genes showed higher expression in lung compared with in vitro at 16 h (P ≤ 0.05) in PMPAN001, but not in PMPAN007. FimA, exbD, fur, oma87, pmHAS, and tonB gene transcripts showed significantly higher expression in PMPAN001 than in PMPAN007 in the lung tissues at 16 h post-infection (P ≤ 0.05). Specially, the virulence gene, nanH, in both strains was associated with poor expression in vitro and lung tissue (mean relative mRNA abundance values < 0.6). Strain PMPAN001 had a higher proliferation rate in vivo than strain PMPAN007. The bacterial loads of PMPAN001 in the organs increased from 12 h post-infection, with maximum bacteria count ranging from 1 million to 20 million/mg. In addition, lungs treated with PMPAN001 produced serious and extensive lesions marked with inflammation at 20 h. Overall, our results reveal that the highly expressed virulence-associated genes, fimA, exbD, fur, oma87, pmHAS, and tonB can be used as markers for assessing the virulence of P. multocida capsular type A strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kaicheng Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lishan Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xingkai Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zihao Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhenlei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Koyata Y, Watanabe K, Toyama T, Sasaki H, Hamada N. Purification and characterization of a fimbrial protein from Porphyromonas salivosa ATCC 49407. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:916-923. [PMID: 31019151 PMCID: PMC6612485 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a significant problem in companion animals such as dogs and cats.
However, there is little information available about fimbriae association of periodontal
disease in companion animals. In this study, we have purified and characterized a fimbriae
from Porphyromonas salivosa ATCC 49407. The molecular mass of this
protein was approximately 60-kDa, as estimated by SDS-PAGE. Immunogold electron microscopy
revealed that anti-60-kDa fimbrial serum bound to fimbria on the cell surface of
P. salivosa ATCC 49407. However, fimbriae of P.
gingivalis and P. gulae were not labeled with the same
antibody. Immunoelectron-microscopic studies and immunoblot analysis revealed that
antigenicity and molecular weight were distinct from previously reported
Porphyromonas fimbrial proteins. The amino acid sequence of the
N-terminal 15 residues of the 60-kDa fimbrillin protein revealed only 3 of 15 residues
identical to other Porphyromonas species fimbrillin proteins. Thus, the
N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 60-kDa fimbrillin protein of P.
salivosa clearly differed from previously reported fimbrillin proteins. The
level of adherence of the P. salivosa was 1.81%. It was confirmed that
P. salivosa can adheres to human cells. These results suggest that the
60-kDa fimbriae of P. salivosa ATCC 49407 is a new type of fimbria and
may have an important factor in the adherence host cells. We suggest that the surface
structure of P. salivosa may have a role in the colonization of this
organism in periodontal pockets in companion animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Koyata
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Watanabe
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Toshizo Toyama
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Haruka Sasaki
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| |
Collapse
|