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Chen Y, Yan Z, Liao C, Song Y, Zhou Q, Shen H, Chen F. Recombinant linear multiple epitopes of σB protein protect Muscovy ducks against novel duck reovirus infection. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1360246. [PMID: 38803800 PMCID: PMC11129634 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1360246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection by the novel duck reovirus (NDRV) in ducklings causes high mortality, which leads to substantial economic losses in the duck industry in China. To date, no commercial vaccine is available for this disease. In this study, linear B cell epitopes of the σB protein of the NDRV were predicted and recombinant multiple linear B cell epitopes (MLBEs) were constructed through linkers. The recombinant MLBEs were then expressed and purified. One-day-old Muscovy ducklings were immunized with different doses of MLBEs and challenged with 5 × 104 ELD50 of the virulent CHY strain of NDRV 14 days after immunization. The ducklings vaccinated with 20 and 40 μg of MLBE performed no clinical signs or gross or histopathological lesions, indicating 100% protection against infection. The viral load in the liver and spleens of these birds was significantly lower than that in the control group. Additionally, these ducklings exhibited positive seroconversion at 7 days after vaccination on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These results indicate that MLBE of σB could be used as a candidate for developing vaccines against NDRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuanqiang Yan
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Changtao Liao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Yiwei Song
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Hanqin Shen
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Kong J, Shao G, Zhang Y, Wang J, Xie Z, Feng K, Zhang X, Xie Q. Molecular characterization, complete genome sequencing, and pathogenicity of Novel Duck Reovirus from South Coastal Area in China. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102776. [PMID: 37302330 PMCID: PMC10276289 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel Duck Reovirus (NDRV) that has been found throughout the world in waterfowl, and it has been extensively described. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a NDRV strain isolated in China called NDRV YF10. This strain was collected from 87 samples with infected ducks in South Coastal Area. The NDRV genome consists of 23,419 bp. With the assistance of computer analysis, the promoter and terminator of each gene segment and 10 viral genes segments were identified, which encode polypeptides ranging from 98 to 1,294 amino acids. All gene fragments of this virus strain were determined and compared to previously reported strains, revealing genetic variation with similarity rates ranging from 96 to 99% for each gene segment. Each gene segment formed 2 host-associated groups, the waterfowl-derived reovirus and the avian-derived reovirus, except for the S1 gene segment, which was closely related to ARV evolution and formed a host-independent subcluster. This difference may be due to Avian Reovirus (ARV) evolving in a host-dependent manner. In order to evaluate the pathogenicity of YF10, a novel isolated strain of NDRV was tested in 2 types of ducks. It was observed that the YF10 isolated strain exhibits varying degrees of virulence, highlighting the potential risk posed to different types of ducks. In conclusion, our findings emphasize the importance of epidemiology studies, molecular characterization, and prevention of NDRV in waterfowl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kong
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Guanming Shao
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Zhongshan Innovation Center of South China Agricultural University, Zhongshan 528400, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Zi Xie
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Keyu Feng
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Zhongshan Innovation Center of South China Agricultural University, Zhongshan 528400, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xinheng Zhang
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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Peng Z, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang H, Liu Z, Qiao H, Lv Y, Bian C. Identification and molecular characterization of novel duck reoviruses in Henan Province, China. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1137967. [PMID: 37065255 PMCID: PMC10098080 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1137967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel Duck reovirus (NDRV) is an ongoing non-enveloped virus with ten double-stranded RNA genome segments that belong to the genus Orthoreovirus, in the family Reoviridae. NDRV-associated spleen swelling, and necrosis disease have caused considerable economic losses to the waterfowl industry worldwide. Since 2017, a significant number of NDRV outbreaks have emerged in China. Herein, we described two cases of duck spleen necrosis disease among ducklings on duck farms in Henan province, central China. Other potential causative agent, including Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV), Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1), Duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and Duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), were excluded by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and two NDRV strains, HeNXX-1/2021 and HNJZ-2/2021, were isolated. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the σC genes revealed that both newly identified NDRV isolates were closely related to DRV/SDHZ17/Shandong/2017. The results further showed that Chinese NDRVs had formed two distinct clades, with late 2017 as the turning point, suggesting that Chinese NDRVs have been evolving in different directions. This study identified and genetic characteristics of two NDRV strains in Henan province, China, indicating NDRVs have evolved in different directions in China. This study provides an insight into the ongoing emerged duck spleen necrosis disease and enriches our understanding of the genetic diversity and evolution of NDRVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongxing Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yujin Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhou Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chuanzhou Bian
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Yang H, Zhang W, Wang M, Yuan S, Zhang X, Wen F, Guo J, Mei K, Huang S, Li Z. Characterization and pathogenicity evaluation of recombinant novel duck reovirus isolated from Southeast China. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1124999. [PMID: 36998638 PMCID: PMC10043381 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1124999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel duck reovirus (NDRV) emerged in southeast China in 2005. The virus causes severe liver and spleen hemorrhage and necrosis in various duck species, bringing serious harm to waterfowl farming. In this study, three strains of NDRV designated as NDRV-ZSS-FJ20, NDRV-LRS-GD20, and NDRV-FJ19 were isolated from diseased Muscovy ducks in Guangdong and Fujian provinces. Pairwise sequence comparisons revealed that the three strains were closely related to NDRV, with nucleotide sequence identities for 10 genomic fragments ranging between 84.8 and 99.8%. In contrast, the nucleotide sequences of the three strains were only 38.9–80.9% similar to the chicken-origin reovirus and only 37.6–98.9% similar to the classical waterfowl-origin reovirus. Similarly, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three strains clustered together with NDRV and were significantly different from classical waterfowl-origin reovirus and chicken-origin reovirus. In addition, the analyses showed that the L1 segment of the NDRV-FJ19 strain was a recombinant of 03G and J18 strains. Experimental reproduction of the disease showed that the NDRV-FJ19 strain was pathogenic to both ducks and chickens and could lead to symptoms of hemorrhage and necrosis in the liver and spleen. This was somewhat different from previous reports that NDRV is less pathogenic to chickens. In conclusion, we speculated that the NDRV-FJ19 causing duck liver and spleen necrosis is a new variant of a duck orthoreovirus that is significantly different in pathogenicity from any previously reported waterfowl-origin orthoreovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihu Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wandi Zhang
- Nanyang Vocational College of Agriculture, Nanyang, China
| | - Meihong Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Wen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinyue Guo
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Mei
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shujian Huang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Shujian Huang
| | - Zhili Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Zhili Li
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Yin YW, Xiong C, Shi KC, Xie SY, Long F, Li J, Zheng M, Wei XK, Feng S, Qu S, Lu W, Zhou H, Zhao K, Sun W, Li Z. Development and application of a multiplex qPCR assay for the detection of duck circovirus, duck Tembusu virus, Muscovy duck reovirus, and new duck reovirus. Virus Genes 2023; 59:91-99. [PMID: 36258144 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01946-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A multiplex qPCR assay was developed to simultaneously detect duck circovirus (DuCV), duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV), and novel duck reovirus (NDRV), but it did not amplify other viruses, including duck virus enteritis (DVE), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), avian reovirus (ARV), H5 avian influenza virus (H5 AIV), H7 avian influenza virus (H7 AIV), H9 avian influenza virus (H9 AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV), and the detection limit for DuCV, DTMUV, MDRV, and NDRV was 1.51 × 101 copies/μL. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were less than 1.54% in the repeatability test with standard plasmid concentrations of 1.51 × 107, 1.51 × 105, and 1.51 × 103 copies/μL. The developed multiple qPCR assay was used to examine 404 clinical samples to verify its practicability. The positivity rates for DuCV, DTMUV, MDRV, and NDRV were 26.0%, 9.9%, 4.0%, and 4.7%, respectively, and the mixed infection rates for DuCV + DTMUV, DuCV + MDRV, DuCV + NDRV, MDRV + NDRV, DTMUV + MDRV, and DTMUV + NDRV were 2.7%, 1.2%, 1.2%, 1.0%, 0.5%, and 0.7%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wen Yin
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Chenyong Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Kai Chuang Shi
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Shou Yu Xie
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Feng Long
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Xian Kai Wei
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Shuping Feng
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Sujie Qu
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Wenjun Lu
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Hongjin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Wenchao Sun
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory for Virology and Immunology, Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Zongqiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
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Dong Y, Yan H, Li J, Bei L, Shi X, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Zhang R, Jiang S. miR-155-1 as a positive factor for novel duck reovirus replication by regulating SOCS5-mediated interferons. Virus Res 2023; 323:199003. [PMID: 36384170 PMCID: PMC10194143 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.199003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Diseases caused by novel duck reovirus (NDRV) have brought considerable economic losses to the poultry industry. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have an impact on virus replication and antiviral immunity. However, the miRNA profile upon NDRV infection in duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) remains to be discovered. In this study, small RNA (sRNA) sequencing was performed to decipher the cellular miRNA response to NDRV infection. Based on 26 differentially expressed miRNAs (19 upregulated and 7 downregulated miRNAs) obtained from sequencing data and their target genes predicted by software, GO and KEGG analyses were performed to elucidate the functions of miRNAs in NDRV invasion, replication, and virus spread. "FoxO signaling pathway", "autophagy", and "Toll-like receptor signaling pathway" might participate in NDRV replication as revealed by KEGG enrichment analysis. The miR-155-1 sequence was found to be identical to rno-miR-155-5p and was sharply increased with the progression of NDRV infection. Moreover, NDRV-induced miR-155-1 could act as a positive factor for virus replication in DEFs, which inhibited type I interferon (IFN-I) production. Luciferase assay confirmed that miR-155-1 disturbed the abundance of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 5 by targeting 3'-UTR. SOCS5, which is linked to increased IRF7 expression, restricts IFN expression and promotes NDRV replication in DEFs. Therefore, this study proposed that miR-155-1 was used by NDRV to restrict SOCS5 expression, attenuating the production of IFN-I and creating a favorable environment for virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Jinman Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Lei Bei
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Xingxing Shi
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhijin Xie
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China.
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China.
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Yun T, Hua J, Ni Z, Ye W, Chen L, Zhu Y, Zhang C. Distinct Whole Transcriptomic Profiles of the Bursa of Fabricius in Muscovy Ducklings Infected by Novel Duck Reovirus with Different Virulence. Viruses 2022; 15:111. [PMID: 36680150 PMCID: PMC9866435 DOI: 10.3390/v15010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel duck reovirus (NDRV) is a newly identified reovirus that brings about more severe damage on multiple organs and mortality in various species of waterfowl. We previously characterized the transcriptomic profiles responding to NDRV in the bursa of Fabricius of Muscovy ducklings, which is a major immunological organ against virus infection. However, the molecular mechanisms of variant cell responses in the bursa of Fabricius to NDRV with different virulence is unclear. Here, we conducted a whole transcriptomic analysis to study the effects of two strains, HN10 (virulent NDRV) and JDm10 (artificially attenuated NDRV), on the bursa of Fabricius of Muscovy ducklings. We harvested a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the bursa of Fabricius specially induced by HN10 and JDm10, and we found that HN10 induced DEGs enriched in differentiation and development in multiple organs beyond JDm10. Moreover, the ceRNA regulatory network also indicated the different connections among mRNA, lncRNA and miRNA. Interestingly, we further noticed that a population of differential expressed miRNA could particularly target to transcripts of HN10 and JDm10. We took miR-24 as an example and observed that miR-24 could reduce the transcription of GLI family zinc finger 3 (Gli3) and membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 1 (Magi1) via recognition 3' UTR of these two genes by a dual luciferase reporter gene assay in vitro. However, this effect could be compromised by HN10 infection or the ectopic over-expression of the putative miR-24 targeting regions in L1 and L3 fragments of HN10. Taken together, we examined and proposed a novel regulatory competitive mechanism between transcripts of NDRV and Muscovy ducklings for miRNA. These findings may advance the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of NDRV in Muscovy ducklings, and help provide the potential targets for vaccine and drug development against NDRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Huang C, Huang Y, Liu Z, Li J, Han J, Liu Y, Liu J, Chen H, Chen Z. Isolation and characterization of a duck reovirus strain from mature ducks in China. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102345. [PMID: 36571873 PMCID: PMC9800190 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2018, a disease characterized by splenic hemorrhage and necrosis killed ducks in a duck farm in Guangxi province, China. A duck reovirus strain was isolated from the tissues of the dead ducks by inoculating duck embryos and BHK-21 cells. Electron microscopy of the cultured the isolate showed that the viral particles were nearly round in shape and approximately 70 nm in diameter, and they were designated DRV-GL18. Sequence analysis showed that the GL18 strain viral genome was 23,419 nt in length and had 10 dsRNA segments. Phylogenetic analysis of cDNA amplicons of segments encoding the protein σC which are outer capsid proteins showed that the isolate belongs to the branch of the epidemic strains of duck reovirus. The Recombination Detection Program (RDP) and SimPlot program analyses suggested potential genetic recombination events in the M2 segments. Pathogenicity experiments revealed that GL18 produced severe hemorrhaging in livers and necrosis in the spleen of infected SPF ducklings. A death rate of 50% in the experimental ducklings was calculated during the first 7 d, and the rest of the ducklings were observed to undergo spleen necrosis. These data suggested that GL18 is a duck reovirus isolate with severer pathogenicity, and it could be a candidate for development of vaccine. This is the first reported isolation of duck reovirus from mature ducks.
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Yun T, Hua J, Ye W, Ni Z, Chen L, Zhu Y, Zhang C. Intergrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Revealed the Differential Responses to Novel Duck Reovirus Infection in the Bursa of Fabricius of Cairna moschata. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081615. [PMID: 35893682 PMCID: PMC9332436 DOI: 10.3390/v14081615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius is an immunologically organ against the invasion of duck reovirus (DRV), which is a fatal bird virus belonging to the Reoviridae family. However, responses of the bursa of Fabricius of Cairna moschata to novel DRV (NDRV) infection are largely unknown. Transcriptomes and proteomes of the samples from control and two NDRV strain (HN10 and JDm10) with different virulence were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes and differential accumulated proteins were enriched in the serine protease system and innate immune response clusters. Most of the immune-related genes were up-regulated under both JDm10/HN10 infections. However, the immune-related proteins were only accumulated under HN10 infection. For the serine protease system, coagulation factor IX, three chains of fibrinogen, and complements C8, C5, and C2s were significantly up-regulated by the HN10 infection, suggesting that the serine protease-mediated immune system might be involved in the resistance to NDRV infection. For the innate and adaptive immune system, RIG-I, MDA5, MAPK20, and IRF3 were significantly up-regulated, indicating their important roles against invaded virus. TLR-3 and IKBKB were only up-regulated in the liver cells, MAPK20 was only up-regulated in the bursa of Fabricius cells, and IRAK2 was only up-regulated in the spleen samples. Coagulation factor IX was increased in the bursa of Fabricius, not in the liver and spleen samples. The data provides a detailed resource for studying the proteins participating in the resistances of the bursa of Fabricius of duck to NDRV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yun
- Correspondence: (T.Y.); (C.Z.)
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