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Wang Y, Zou X, Guo X, Zhang Z, Wang M, Hung T, Lu Z. Redirect Tropism of Fowl Adenovirus 4 Vector by Modifying Fiber2 with Variable Domain of Heavy-Chain Antibody. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:467. [PMID: 38674401 PMCID: PMC11049955 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The variable domain of a heavy-chain antibody (VHH) has the potential to be used to redirect the cell tropism of adenoviral vectors. Here, we attempted to establish platforms to simplify the screening of VHHs for their specific targeting function when being incorporated into the fiber of adenovirus. Both fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) and simian adenovirus 1 (SAdV-1) have two types of fiber, one of which is dispensable for virus propagation and is a proper site for VHH display. An intermediate plasmid, pMD-FAV4Fs, was constructed as the start plasmid for FAdV-4 fiber2 modification. Foldon from phage T4 fibritin, a trigger for trimerization, was employed to bridge the tail/shaft domain of fiber2 and VHHs against human CD16A, a key membrane marker of natural killer (NK) cells. Through one step of restriction-assembly, the modified fiber2 was transferred to the adenoviral plasmid, which was linearized and transfected to packaging cells. Five FAdV-4 viruses carrying the GFP gene were finally rescued and amplified, with three VHHs being displayed. One recombinant virus, FAdV4FC21-EG, could hardly transduce human 293 or Jurkat cells. In contrast, when it was used at a multiplicity of infection of 1000 viral particles per cell, the transduction efficiency reached 51% or 34% for 293 or Jurkat cells expressing exogenous CD16A. Such a strategy of fiber modification was transplanted to the SAdV-1 vector to construct SAdV1FC28H-EG, which moderately transduced primary human NK cells while the parental virus transduced none. Collectively, we reformed the strategy of integrating VHH to fiber and established novel platforms for screening VHHs to construct adenoviral vectors with a specific tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Xiaohui Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014040, China
| | - Min Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Tao Hung
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
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CELO Fiber1 Knob Is a Promising Candidate to Modify the Tropism of Adenoviral Vectors. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122316. [PMID: 36553583 PMCID: PMC9778213 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) has the potential to be constructed as a gene transfer vector for human gene therapy or vaccine development to avoid the pre-existing immunity to human adenoviruses. To enhance the transduction of FAdV-4 to human cells, CELO fiber1 knob (CF1K) was chosen to replace the fiber2 knob in FAdV-4 to generate recombinant virus F2CF1K-CG. The original FAdV4-CG virus transduced 4% human 293 or 1% HEp-2 cells at the multiplicity of infection of 1000 viral particles per cell. In contrast, F2CF1K-CG could transduce 98% 293 or 60% HEp-2 cells under the same conditions. Prokaryotically expressed CF1K protein blocked 50% transduction of F2CF1K-CG to 293 cells at a concentration of 1.3 µg/mL while it only slightly inhibited the infection of human adenovirus 5 (HAdV-5), suggesting CF1K could bind to human cells in a manner different from HAdV-5 fiber. The incorporation of CF1K had no negative effect on the growth of FAdV-4 in the packaging cells. In addition, CF1K-pseudotyped HAdV-41 could transduce HEp-2 and A549 cells more efficiently. These data indicated that CF1K had the priority to be considered when there is a need to modify adenovirus tropism.
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3
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Wang L, Zhang P, Huang B, Wang M, Tian H, Liu P, Liu W, Tian K. Fiber Protein Produced in Escherichia coli as a Subunit Vaccine Candidate Against Egg-Drop Syndrome 76. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:819217. [PMID: 35280142 PMCID: PMC8913573 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.819217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The egg-drop syndrome ‘76 (EDS ‘76) caused by duck atadenovirus A (DAdV-1) infection in laying hens leads to the decrease in egg production, causing heavy economic losses in the poultry industry; thus, vaccines with high safety and immunogenicity are needed. In this study, the DAdV-1 fiber protein expressed in Escherichia coli with codon optimization showed the hemagglutination (HA) titer of 13 log2 after purification (0.6 mg/mL). Compared with inactivated EDS ‘76 vaccine, the specific pathogen-free chickens immunized with 0.4 mL fiber protein (HA titer of 11 log2) induced an equal level of HA inhibition (HI) titer and neutralizing antibodies. Meanwhile, after immunization with fiber protein, the lowest HI titer that could provide the effect to reduce egg production rate in laying hens after the challenge was 7 log2. Moreover, fiber protein with an HA titer of 7 log2 could induce an HI titer no <7 log2 in laying hens, which was equal to or higher than the lowest HI titer (7 log2) that could reduce egg production against DAdV-1 infection significantly, indicating that it is economically feasible for vaccine development. Importantly, the HI antibodies maintained at a high level up to 180 days postimmunization contribute to the clinical application of the vaccine candidate. Overall, the fiber protein produced in E. coli is an effective subunit vaccine candidate in EDS ‘76 control for its high immunogenicity and protection in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linguo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
| | - Pantao Zhang
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
| | - Baicheng Huang
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
| | - Hui Tian
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
| | - Wujie Liu
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
- *Correspondence: Wujie Liu
| | - Kegong Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
- Kegong Tian
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Recombinantly Expressed Chimeric Fibers Demonstrate Discrete Type-Specific Neutralizing Epitopes in the Fowl Aviadenovirus E (FAdV-E) Fiber, Promoting the Optimization of FAdV Fiber Subunit Vaccines towards Cross-Protection in vivo. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0212321. [PMID: 35044206 PMCID: PMC8768839 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02123-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against inclusion body hepatitis in chickens are complicated by the involvement of antigenically diverse fowl adenovirus types. Though immunization with fiber protein confers robust protection, type specificity of fiber antibodies is an obstacle for the desired broad coverage. In this study, we utilized information on multiple linear epitopes predicted in the Fowl Aviadenovirus E (FAdV-E) fiber head (knob) to develop chimeric fibers with an exchange between two serotypes’ sequences, each containing proposed epitopes. Two consecutive segments pertaining to amino acid positions 1 to 441 and 442 to 525/523 in the fibers of FAdV-8a and -8b, types of Fowl Aviadenovirus E that cause inclusion body hepatitis, were swapped reciprocally to result in novel chimeras, crecFib-8a/8b and crecFib-8b/8a. crecFib was indistinguishable from monospecific recombinant fibers in its eactivity with different FAdV antisera in Western blotting. However, contrary to the results for monospecific fibers, crecFib induced cross-neutralizing antibodies against both serotypes in chickens. This demonstrates three nonidentical epitopes in the FAdV-E fiber, the conserved epitope detected in Western blotting and at least two epitopes participating in neutralization, being type specific and located opposite residue position 441-442. Furthermore, we supply conformational evidence for a site in the fiber knob with accessibility critical for neutralization. With such an extended neutralization spectrum compared to those of individual fibers, crecFib was anticipated to fulfill and even extend the mechanistic basis of fiber-mediated protection toward bivalent coverage. Accordingly, crecFib, administered as a single-antigen component, protected chickens simultaneously against challenge with FAdV-8a or -8b, demonstrated by up-to-complete resistance to clinical disease, prevention of target organ-related changes, and significant reduction of viral load. IMPORTANCE The control of inclusion body hepatitis, a disease of economic importance for chicken production worldwide, is complicated by an etiology involving multiple divergent fowl adenovirus types. The fiber protein is principally efficacious in inducing neutralizing and protective antibodies in vaccinated chickens; however, it faces limitations due to its intrinsic type specificity for neutralization. In this study, based on an in silico-guided prediction of multiple epitopes in the fowl adenovirus fiber head’s loops, we designed chimeric proteins, swapping N- and C-distal fiber portions, each containing putative epitopes, between divergent types FAdV-8a and -8b. In in vitro and in vivo studies, the chimeric fiber displayed extended properties compared to those of individual monotype-specific fibers, allowing the number, distribution, functionality, and conformational bearings of epitopes of the fowl adenovirus fiber to be characterized in more detail. Importantly, the chimeric fiber induced cross-neutralizing antibodies and protective responses in chickens against infections by both serotypes, promoting the advancement of broadly protective subunit vaccination strategies against FAdV.
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Immunity analysis against Fowl Adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) based on Fiber-2 trimer Protein with the different virulence. Virus Res 2022; 308:198652. [PMID: 34879243 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since June 2015, Fowl adenovirus outbreaks have occurred in China, causing significant economic losses to poultry industry. The FAdV-4 Fiber-2 proteins could induce effective protection, but the precise mechanism of immune protection remains unknown. Here, we have compared the biological characteristics of Fiber-2 protein of the very virulent WZ strain of FAdV-4 (vvFAdV-4) with that of non-virulent ON1 strain. The sequence analysis revealed natural deletions and sequence differences between the classical non-pathogenic strain ON1 and the vvFAdV-4 isolate. These two Fiber-2 proteins successfully expressed in E. coli resemble in structure and function to the native-like trimeric protein. The trimeric structure and bioreactivity of the recombinant Fiber-2 proteins to FAdV-4 specific antibodies were characterized. The immune protection induced by Fiber-2 proteins of FAdV-4 WZ and ON1 strains were compared in SPF chickens. All birds in the WZ-Fiber-2 immunized group generated systemic specific antibodies compared with both ON1-Fiber-2 protein and PBS immunized groups. According to the results of attack mortalities, viral shedding and tissue gross lesion, the WZ Fiber-2 protein induced complete protection at a dose of 2 μg per chicken, whereas the ON1-Fiber-2 protein induced 0 protection at 3 dpc. In view of the characteristics of Fiber-2 proteins of different strains, this study can help us to further understand the mechanism of protective immunity and provide a basis for the prevention and control of FAdV-4 in chickens.
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Daussy CF, Pied N, Wodrich H. Understanding Post Entry Sorting of Adenovirus Capsids; A Chance to Change Vaccine Vector Properties. Viruses 2021; 13:1221. [PMID: 34202573 PMCID: PMC8310329 DOI: 10.3390/v13071221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus vector-based genetic vaccines have emerged as a powerful strategy against the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis. This success is not unexpected because adenoviruses combine many desirable features of a genetic vaccine. They are highly immunogenic and have a low and well characterized pathogenic profile paired with technological approachability. Ongoing efforts to improve adenovirus-vaccine vectors include the use of rare serotypes and non-human adenoviruses. In this review, we focus on the viral capsid and how the choice of genotypes influences the uptake and subsequent subcellular sorting. We describe how understanding capsid properties, such as stability during the entry process, can change the fate of the entering particles and how this translates into differences in immunity outcomes. We discuss in detail how mutating the membrane lytic capsid protein VI affects species C viruses' post-entry sorting and briefly discuss if such approaches could have a wider implication in vaccine and/or vector development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harald Wodrich
- Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, MFP CNRS UMR 5234, University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Leo Saignat, CEDEX, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (C.F.D.); (N.P.)
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7
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Zhang W, Guo X, Yin F, Zou X, Hou W, Lu Z. Fiber modifications enable fowl adenovirus 4 vectors to transduce human cells. J Gene Med 2021; 23:e3368. [PMID: 34050587 PMCID: PMC8518954 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pre‐existing immunities hamper the application of human adenovirus (HAdV) vectors in gene therapy or vaccine development. Fowl adenovirus (FAdV)‐based vector might represent an alternative. Methods An intermediate plasmid containing FAdV‐4 fiber genes, pMD‐FAV4Fs, was separated from FAdV‐4 adenoviral plasmid pKFAV4GFP. An overlap extension polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed for fiber modification in pMD‐FAV4Fs, and the modified fibers were restored to generate new adenoviral plasmids through restriction‐assembly. FAdV‐4 vectors were rescued and amplified in chicken LMH cells. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the gene transfer efficiency. The amount of viruses binding to cells was determined by a real‐time PCR. A plaque‐forming assay and one‐step growth curve were used to evaluate virus growth. Results Four sites in the CD‐, DE‐, HI‐ and IJ‐loop of fiber1 knob could tolerate the insertion of exogenous peptide. The insertion of RGD4C peptide in the fiber1 knob significantly promoted FAdV‐4 transduction to human adherent cells such as 293, A549 and HEp‐2, and the insertion to the IJ‐loop demonstrated the best performance. The replacement of the fiber2 knob of FAdV‐4 with that of HAdV‐35 improved the gene transfer to human suspension cells such as Jurkat, K562 and U937. Fiber‐modified FAdV‐4 vectors could transduce approximately 80% human cells at an acceptable multiplicity of infection. Enhanced gene transfer mainly resulted from increased virus binding. Fiber modifications did not significantly influence the growth of recombinant FAdV‐4 in packaging cells. Conclusions As a proof of principle, it was feasible to enhance gene transduction of FAdV‐4 vectors to human cells by modifying the fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fengcai Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Henan Chemical Technician College, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaohui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhe Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan, China
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8
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Zou X, Rong Y, Guo X, Hou W, Yan B, Hung T, Lu Z. Fiber1, but not fiber2, is the essential fiber gene for fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4). J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33625352 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibre is the viral protein that mediates the attachment and infection of adenovirus to the host cell. Fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) possesses two different fibre trimers on each penton capsomere, and roles of the separate fibres remain elusive. Here, we attempted to investigate the function of FAdV-4 fibres by using reverse genetics approaches. Adenoviral plasmids carrying fiber1 or fiber2 mutant genes were constructed and used to transfect chicken LMH cells. Fiber1-mutated recombinant virus could not be rescued. Such defective phenotype was complemented when a fiber1-bearing helper plasmid was included for co-transfection. The infection of fiber-intact FAdV-4 (FAdV4-GFP) to LMH cells could be blocked with purified fiber1 knob protein in a dose-dependent manner, while purifed fiber2 knob had no such function. On the contrary, fiber2-mutated FAdV-4, FAdV4XF2-GFP, was successfully rescued. The results of one-step growth curves showed that proliferative capacity of FAdV4XF2-GFP was 10 times lower than that of the control FAdV4-GFP. FAdV4XF2-GFP also caused fewer deaths of infected chicken embryos than FAdV4-GFP did, which resulted from poorer virus replication in vivo. These data illustrated that fiber1 mediated virus adsorption and was essential for FAdV-4, while fiber2 was dispensable although it significantly contributed to the virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Yejing Rong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Wenzhe Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Bingyu Yan
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Tao Hung
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
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Huang Y, Kang H, Dong J, Li L, Zhang J, Sun J, Zhang J, Sun M. Isolation and partial genetic characterization of a new duck adenovirus in China. Vet Microbiol 2020; 247:108775. [PMID: 32768221 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel duck adenovirus, isolated from Jinding Ducks(Anas platyrhynchos domestica), was proposed to be duck adenovirus 4 (DAdV-4), extending the genus Aviadenovirus. In this study, we sequenced the central genome part from Iva2 gene to fiber gene of the DAdV-4 that is conserved in all adenovirus genera. Phylogenetic analysis and protease cleavage site analysis verified the classification of DAdV-4 in the genus Aviadenovirus. Nucleotide identity analysis showed low sequence identity between central genome part genes of DAdV-4 with that of other aviadenoviruses. The phylogenetic tree based on the full amino acid sequence of hexon and DNA polymerase showed that the DAdV-4 appeared on a relatively independent branch. Our analysis suggested that DAdV-4 is a distinct type and represents a novel species. Although DAdV-4 has not caused serious disease outbreaks among ducks yet, the virus should be considered as a potential threat to the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhen Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Huahua Kang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiawen Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Junying Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Junqin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Minhua Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baishigang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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10
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Song Y, Wei Q, Liu Y, Bai Y, Deng R, Xing G, Zhang G. Development of novel subunit vaccine based on truncated fiber protein of egg drop syndrome virus and its immunogenicity in chickens. Virus Res 2019; 272:197728. [PMID: 31442468 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Egg-drop syndrome virus (EDSV) is an avian adenovirus that causes markedly decrease in egg production and in the quality of the eggs when it infects chickens. In this report, we engineered truncated fiber protein containing the entire knob domain and part of the shaft region as a vaccine candidate. The protein was obtained in the soluble fraction in Escherichia coli (E. coli), and expression level after nickel-affinity purification was 126 mg/L. By means of multiple characterization methods, it is demonstrated that the recombinant protein retains the native trimeric structure. A single inoculation with the structure-stabilized recombinant protein, even at the lowest dose of 2 μg, stimulated hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody responses in chickens, for at least 16 weeks. Neutralizing titers in sera from the protein immunized groups was similar to that of inactivated vaccine immunized group. The lymphocyte proliferation response and cytokine secretion were also induced in immunized SPF chickens. In addition, immunization with the fiber protein also significantly reduced the viral load in the liver. Taken together, these results suggest the truncated fiber protein as an effective single dose, long lasting and rapidly effective vaccine to protect against EDSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Song
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yilin Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ruiguang Deng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guangxu Xing
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China.
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11
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Song Y, Wei Q, Liu Y, Feng H, Chen Y, Wang Y, Bai Y, Xing G, Deng R, Zhang G. Unravelling the receptor binding property of egg drop syndrome virus (EDSV) from the crystal structure of EDSV fiber head. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:587-595. [PMID: 31381914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Egg drop syndrome virus (EDSV) is an avian adenovirus that causes markedly decrease in egg production, and in the quality of the eggs when it infects chickens. Until now, EDSV virus-cell interactions are poorly understood, and the cellular receptor is still unknown. In the present study, we determined the atomic structure of the fiber head of EDSV (residues 377-644) at 2.74 Å resolution. Structure comparison with the (chick embryo lethal orphan) CELO long fiber head and human adenovirus fiber heads reveals that the avian adenovirus may interact with the same attachment factor in a unique fashion. Based on the previous studies of CELO virus, we assumed that the chicken coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) may be the attachment factor. We then demonstrate that the chicken CAR serves as a cellular attachment factor for EDSV based on three lines of evidences. Taken together, the results presented here are helpful for further exploring the pathogenesis related to the interaction between EDSV and host cells, and may be used for vaccine development and intervention strategies against EDSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Song
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yilin Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guangxu Xing
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ruiguang Deng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China.
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12
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Feichtner F, Schachner A, Berger E, Hess M. Development of sensitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for specific detection of antibodies against fowl adenovirus serotypes 1 and 4 in chickens. Avian Pathol 2017; 47:73-82. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2017.1372561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Feichtner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schachner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Evelyn Berger
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Nguyen TH, Ballmann MZ, Do HT, Truong HN, Benkő M, Harrach B, van Raaij MJ. Crystal structure of raptor adenovirus 1 fibre head and role of the beta-hairpin in siadenovirus fibre head domains. Virol J 2016; 13:106. [PMID: 27334597 PMCID: PMC4918002 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0558-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most adenoviruses recognize their host cells via an interaction of their fibre head domains with a primary receptor. The structural framework of adenovirus fibre heads is conserved between the different adenovirus genera for which crystal structures have been determined (Mastadenovirus, Aviadenovirus, Atadenovirus and Siadenovirus), but genus-specific differences have also been observed. The only known siadenovirus fibre head structure, that of turkey adenovirus 3 (TAdV-3), revealed a twisted beta-sandwich resembling the reovirus fibre head architecture more than that of other adenovirus fibre heads, plus a unique beta-hairpin embracing a neighbouring monomer. The TAdV-3 fibre head was shown to bind sialyllactose. METHODS Raptor adenovirus 1 (RAdV-1) fibre head was expressed, crystallized and its structure was solved and refined at 1.5 Å resolution. The structure could be solved by molecular replacement using the TAdV-3 fibre head structure as a search model, despite them sharing a sequence identity of only 19 %. Versions of both the RAdV-1 and TAdV-3 fibre heads with their beta-hairpin arm deleted were prepared and their stabilities were compared with the non-mutated proteins by a thermal unfolding assay. RESULTS The structure of the RAdV-1 fibre head contains the same twisted ABCJ-GHID beta-sandwich and beta-hairpin arm as the TAdV-3 fibre head. However, while the predicted electro-potential surface charge of the TAdV-3 fibre head is mainly positive, the RAdV-1 fibre head shows positively and negatively charged patches and does not appear to bind sialyllactose. Deletion of the beta-hairpin arm does not affect the structure of the raptor adenovirus 1 fibre head and only affects the stability of the RAdV-1 and TAdV-3 fibre heads slightly. CONCLUSIONS The high-resolution structure of RAdV-1 fibre head is the second known structure of a siadenovirus fibre head domain. The structure shows that the siadenovirus fibre head structure is conserved, but differences in the predicted surface charge suggest that RAdV-1 uses a different natural receptor for cell attachment than TAdV-3. Deletion of the beta-hairpin arm shows little impact on the structure and stability of the siadenovirus fibre heads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh H Nguyen
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoléculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Calle Darwin 3, E-28049, Madrid, Spain.,Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT-VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mónika Z Ballmann
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Huyen T Do
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT-VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hai N Truong
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT-VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mária Benkő
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mark J van Raaij
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoléculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Calle Darwin 3, E-28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Harakuni T, Andoh K, Sakamoto RI, Tamaki Y, Miyata T, Uefuji H, Yamazaki KI, Arakawa T. Fiber knob domain lacking the shaft sequence but fused to a coiled coil is a candidate subunit vaccine against egg-drop syndrome. Vaccine 2016; 34:3184-3190. [PMID: 27105561 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Egg-drop syndrome (EDS) virus is an avian adenovirus that causes a sudden drop in egg production and in the quality of the eggs when it infects chickens, leading to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. Inactivated EDS vaccines produced in embryonated duck eggs or cell culture systems are available for the prophylaxis of EDS. However, recombinant subunit vaccines that are efficacious and inexpensive are a desirable alternative. In this study, we engineered chimeric fusion proteins in which the trimeric fiber knob domain lacking the triple β-spiral motif in the fiber shaft region was genetically fused to trimeric coiled coils, such as those of the engineered form of the GCN4 leucine zipper peptide or chicken cartilage matrix protein (CMP). The fusion proteins were expressed predominantly as soluble trimeric proteins in Escherichia coli at levels of 15-80mg/L of bacterial culture. The single immunization of chickens with the purified fusion proteins, at a dose equivalent to 10μg of the knob moiety, elicited serum antibodies with high hemagglutination inhibition (HI) activities, similar to those induced by an inactivated EDS vaccine. A dose-response analysis indicated that a single immunization with as little as 1μg of the knob moiety of the CMP-knob fusion protein was as effective as the inactivated vaccine in inducing antibodies with HI activity. The immunization of laying hens had no apparent adverse effects on egg production and effectively prevented clinical symptoms of EDS when the chickens were challenged with pathogenic EDS virus. This study demonstrates that the knob domain lacking the shaft sequence but fused to a trimeric coiled coil is a promising candidate subunit vaccine for the prophylaxis of EDS in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Harakuni
- Jectas Innovators Company Limited, 3-25-2 Maejima, Naha, Okinawa 900-0016, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Andoh
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
| | - Ryu-Ichi Sakamoto
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Tamaki
- Jectas Innovators Company Limited, 3-25-2 Maejima, Naha, Okinawa 900-0016, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Jectas Innovators Company Limited, 3-25-2 Maejima, Naha, Okinawa 900-0016, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Uefuji
- Jectas Innovators Company Limited, 3-25-2 Maejima, Naha, Okinawa 900-0016, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamazaki
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
| | - Takeshi Arakawa
- Jectas Innovators Company Limited, 3-25-2 Maejima, Naha, Okinawa 900-0016, Japan.
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15
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Singh AK, Berbís MÁ, Ballmann MZ, Kilcoyne M, Menéndez M, Nguyen TH, Joshi L, Cañada FJ, Jiménez-Barbero J, Benkő M, Harrach B, van Raaij MJ. Structure and Sialyllactose Binding of the Carboxy-Terminal Head Domain of the Fibre from a Siadenovirus, Turkey Adenovirus 3. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139339. [PMID: 26418008 PMCID: PMC4587935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The virulent form of turkey adenovirus 3 (TAdV-3), also known as turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus (THEV), is an economically important poultry pathogen, while the avirulent form is used as a vaccine. TAdV-3 belongs to the genus Siadenovirus. The carboxy-terminal region of its fibre does not have significant sequence similarity to any other adenovirus fibre heads of known structure. Two amino acid sequence differences between virulent and avirulent TAdV-3 map on the fibre head: where virulent TAdV-3 contains Ile354 and Thr376, avirulent TAdV-3 contains Met354 and Met376. We determined the crystal structures of the trimeric virulent and avirulent TAdV-3 fibre head domains at 2.2 Å resolution. Each monomer contains a beta-sandwich, which, surprisingly, resembles reovirus fibre head more than other adenovirus fibres, although the ABCJ-GHID topology is conserved in all. A beta-hairpin insertion in the C-strand of each trimer subunit embraces its neighbouring monomer. The avirulent and virulent TAdV-3 fibre heads are identical apart from the exact orientation of the beta-hairpin insertion. In vitro, sialyllactose was identified as a ligand by glycan microarray analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and crystallography. Its dissociation constant was measured to be in the mM range by isothermal titration calorimetry. The ligand binds to the side of the fibre head, involving amino acids Glu392, Thr419, Val420, Lys421, Asn422, and Gly423 binding to the sialic acid group. It binds slightly more strongly to the avirulent form. We propose that, in vivo, the TAdV-3 fibre may bind a sialic acid-containing cell surface component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu K. Singh
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoléculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Álvaro Berbís
- Departamento de Biología Física-Química, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónika Z. Ballmann
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michelle Kilcoyne
- Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Margarita Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física-Biológica, Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR-CSIC) and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), calle Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Thanh H. Nguyen
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoléculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lokesh Joshi
- Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - F. Javier Cañada
- Departamento de Biología Física-Química, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Departamento de Biología Física-Química, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias (CIC bioGUNE), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Mária Benkő
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mark J. van Raaij
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoléculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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16
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Nguyen TH, Vidovszky MZ, Ballmann MZ, Sanz-Gaitero M, Singh AK, Harrach B, Benkő M, van Raaij MJ. Crystal structure of the fibre head domain of bovine adenovirus 4, a ruminant atadenovirus. Virol J 2015; 12:81. [PMID: 25994880 PMCID: PMC4451742 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In adenoviruses, primary host cell recognition is generally performed by the head domains of their homo-trimeric fibre proteins. This first interaction is reversible. A secondary, irreversible interaction subsequently takes place via other adenovirus capsid proteins and leads to a productive infection. Although many fibre head structures are known for human mastadenoviruses, not many animal adenovirus fibre head structures have been determined, especially not from those belonging to adenovirus genera other than Mastadenovirus. Methods We constructed an expression vector for the fibre head domain from a ruminant atadenovirus, bovine adenovirus 4 (BAdV-4), consisting of amino acids 414–535, expressed the protein in Escherichia coli, purified it by metal affinity and cation exchange chromatography and crystallized it. The structure was solved using single isomorphous replacement plus anomalous dispersion of a mercury derivative and refined against native data that extended to 1.2 Å resolution. Results Like in other adenoviruses, the BAdV-4 fibre head monomer contains a beta-sandwich consisting of ABCJ and GHID sheets. The topology is identical to the fibre head of the other studied atadenovirus, snake adenovirus 1 (SnAdV-1), including the alpha-helix in the DG-loop, despite of them having a sequence identity of only 15 %. There are also differences which may have implications for ligand binding. Beta-strands G and H are longer and differences in several surface-loops and surface charge are observed. Conclusions Chimeric adenovirus fibres have been used to retarget adenovirus-based anti-cancer and gene therapy vectors. Ovine adenovirus 7 (OAdV-7), another ruminant atadenovirus, is intensively tested as a basis for such a vector. Here, we present the high-resolution atomic structure of the BAdV-4 fibre head domain, the second atadenovirus fibre head structure known and the first of an atadenovirus that infects a mammalian host. Future research should focus on the receptor-binding properties of these fibre head domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh H Nguyen
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoleculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), calle Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Márton Z Vidovszky
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Mónika Z Ballmann
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Marta Sanz-Gaitero
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoleculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), calle Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Abhimanyu K Singh
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoleculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), calle Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Current address: School of Biosciences, Stacey Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Mária Benkő
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Mark J van Raaij
- Departamento de Estructura de Macromoleculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), calle Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Crystal structure of the fibre head domain of the Atadenovirus Snake Adenovirus 1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114373. [PMID: 25486282 PMCID: PMC4259310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses are non-enveloped icosahedral viruses with trimeric fibre proteins protruding from their vertices. There are five known genera, from which only Mastadenoviruses have been widely studied. Apart from studying adenovirus as a biological model system and with a view to prevent or combat viral infection, there is a major interest in using adenovirus for vaccination, cancer therapy and gene therapy purposes. Adenoviruses from the Atadenovirus genus have been isolated from squamate reptile hosts, ruminants and birds and have a characteristic gene organization and capsid morphology. The carboxy-terminal virus-distal fibre head domains are likely responsible for primary receptor recognition. We determined the high-resolution crystal structure of the Snake Adenovirus 1 (SnAdV-1) fibre head using the multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) method. Despite the absence of significant sequence homology, this Atadenovirus fibre head has the same beta-sandwich propeller topology as other adenovirus fibre heads. However, it is about half the size, mainly due to much shorter loops connecting the beta-strands. The detailed structure of the SnAdV-1 fibre head and other animal adenovirus fibre heads, together with the future identification of their natural receptors, may lead to the development of new strategies to target adenovirus vectors to cells of interest.
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18
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Molecular characterization of a lizard adenovirus reveals the first atadenovirus with two fiber genes and the first adenovirus with either one short or three long fibers per penton. J Virol 2014; 88:11304-14. [PMID: 25056898 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00306-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although adenoviruses (AdVs) have been found in a wide variety of reptiles, including numerous squamate species, turtles, and crocodiles, the number of reptilian adenovirus isolates is still scarce. The only fully sequenced reptilian adenovirus, snake adenovirus 1 (SnAdV-1), belongs to the Atadenovirus genus. Recently, two new atadenoviruses were isolated from a captive Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum) and Mexican beaded lizards (Heloderma horridum). Here we report the full genomic and proteomic characterization of the latter, designated lizard adenovirus 2 (LAdV-2). The double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome of LAdV-2 is 32,965 bp long, with an average G+C content of 44.16%. The overall arrangement and gene content of the LAdV-2 genome were largely concordant with those in other atadenoviruses, except for four novel open reading frames (ORFs) at the right end of the genome. Phylogeny reconstructions and plesiomorphic traits shared with SnAdV-1 further supported the assignment of LAdV-2 to the Atadenovirus genus. Surprisingly, two fiber genes were found for the first time in an atadenovirus. After optimizing the production of LAdV-2 in cell culture, we determined the protein compositions of the virions. The two fiber genes produce two fiber proteins of different sizes that are incorporated into the viral particles. Interestingly, the two different fiber proteins assemble as either one short or three long fiber projections per vertex. Stoichiometry estimations indicate that the long fiber triplet is present at only one or two vertices per virion. Neither triple fibers nor a mixed number of fibers per vertex had previously been reported for adenoviruses or any other virus. IMPORTANCE Here we show that a lizard adenovirus, LAdV-2, has a penton architecture never observed before. LAdV-2 expresses two fiber proteins-one short and one long. In the virion, most vertices have one short fiber, but a few of them have three long fibers attached to the same penton base. This observation raises new intriguing questions on virus structure. How can the triple fiber attach to a pentameric vertex? What determines the number and location of each vertex type in the icosahedral particle? Since fibers are responsible for primary attachment to the host, this novel architecture also suggests a novel mode of cell entry for LAdV-2. Adenoviruses have a recognized potential in nanobiomedicine, but only a few of the more than 200 types found so far in nature have been characterized in detail. Exploring the taxonomic wealth of adenoviruses should improve our chances to successfully use them as therapeutic tools.
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Marek A, Ballmann MZ, Kosiol C, Harrach B, Schlötterer C, Hess M. Whole-genome sequences of two turkey adenovirus types reveal the existence of two unknown lineages that merit the establishment of novel species within the genus Aviadenovirus. J Gen Virol 2014; 95:156-170. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.057711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There are eight species established for aviadenoviruses: Fowl adenovirus A–E, Goose adenovirus A, Falcon adenovirus A and Turkey adenovirus B. The aim of this study was to sequence and analyse the complete genomes of turkey adenovirus 4 (TAdV-4) and TAdV-5 (strain 1277BT) in addition to almost two-thirds of the genome of another TAdV-5 strain (strain D1648). By applying next-generation sequencing, the full genomes were found to be 42 940 and 43 686 bp and the G+C content was 48.5 and 51.6 mol% for TAdV-4 and TAdV-5, respectively. One fiber gene was identified in TAdV-4, whereas two fiber genes were found in TAdV-5. The genome organization of TAdV-4 resembled that of fowl adenovirus 5 (FAdV-5), but it had ORF1C near the left end of the genome. TAdV-4 also had five 123 bp tandem repeats followed by five 33 bp tandem repeats, but they occurred before and not after ORF8, as in several fowl adenoviruses. The genome organization of TAdV-5 was almost the same as that of FAdV-1 but with a possible difference in the splicing pattern of ORF11 and ORF26. Phylogenetic analyses and G+C content showed differences that seem to merit the establishment of two new species within the genus Aviadenovirus: Turkey adenovirus C (for TAdV-4) and Turkey adenovirus D (for TAdV-5). Our analyses suggest a common evolutionary origin of TAdV-5 and FAdV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marek
- Clinic for Avian, Reptile and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mónika Z. Ballmann
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carolin Kosiol
- Institut für Populationsgenetik, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Michael Hess
- Clinic for Avian, Reptile and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Grgić H, Poljak Z, Sharif S, Nagy É. Pathogenicity and cytokine gene expression pattern of a serotype 4 fowl adenovirus isolate. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77601. [PMID: 24204888 PMCID: PMC3800128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome (HHS), a recently emerged disease of chickens, is caused by some strains of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4). In this study, a Canadian FAdV-4 isolate, designated as FAdV-4 ON1, was evaluated for pathogenicity after oral and intramuscular (im) infection of specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens. Pathogenicity was evaluated by observation of clinical signs and gross and histological lesions. The highest viral DNA copy numbers, irrespective of the inoculation route, were detected in the cecal tonsils. Virus titers in cloacal swabs collected over the entire study period were compared between the orally and im inoculated chickens, and the difference in titers between the two groups was significant (P<0.001), the oral group had a higher rank. The antibody response of infected chickens tested by an adenovirus-specific ELISA showed a statistically significant (P<0.001) difference between the orally and im inoculated chickens. The im inoculated chickens had higher values than birds inoculated orally (P<0.001). Serum samples from both groups collected at 14 days post-infection completely neutralized FAdV-4 ON1. In addition, the effects of FAdV-4 ON1 infection on transcription of a number of avian cytokines were studied in vivo. The expression of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-10 in the liver was induced at early times after infection. This FAdV-4 ON1 potentially could be used as a live vaccine against HHS and developed as vaccine vector. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the FAdV-4 ON1 sequence is GU188428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Grgić
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zvonimir Poljak
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shayan Sharif
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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San Martín C. Latest insights on adenovirus structure and assembly. Viruses 2012; 4:847-77. [PMID: 22754652 PMCID: PMC3386624 DOI: 10.3390/v4050847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (AdV) capsid organization is considerably complex, not only because of its large size (~950 Å) and triangulation number (pseudo T = 25), but also because it contains four types of minor proteins in specialized locations modulating the quasi-equivalent icosahedral interactions. Up until 2009, only its major components (hexon, penton, and fiber) had separately been described in atomic detail. Their relationships within the virion, and the location of minor coat proteins, were inferred from combining the known crystal structures with increasingly more detailed cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) maps. There was no structural information on assembly intermediates. Later on that year, two reports described the structural differences between the mature and immature adenoviral particle, starting to shed light on the different stages of viral assembly, and giving further insights into the roles of core and minor coat proteins during morphogenesis [1,2]. Finally, in 2010, two papers describing the atomic resolution structure of the complete virion appeared [3,4]. These reports represent a veritable tour de force for two structural biology techniques: X-ray crystallography and cryoEM, as this is the largest macromolecular complex solved at high resolution by either of them. In particular, the cryoEM analysis provided an unprecedented clear picture of the complex protein networks shaping the icosahedral shell. Here I review these latest developments in the field of AdV structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen San Martín
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Henaff D, Salinas S, Kremer EJ. An adenovirus traffic update: from receptor engagement to the nuclear pore. Future Microbiol 2011; 6:179-92. [PMID: 21366418 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.10.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses have a bipolar nature: they are ubiquitous pathogens that occasionally cause life-threatening diseases or they can be engineered into powerful gene transfer vectors. The goal of this article is to summarize the most recent advances in adenovirus receptor engagement, internalization, endosomal maturation, endosomal escape and trafficking to the nuclear pore. A better understanding of this initial part of the adenovirus lifecycle may identify new mechanistic-based treatments for adenovirus-induced diseases and help in the engineering of more efficient vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Henaff
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, 34293 Montpellier, France
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23
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Griffin BD, Nagy É. Coding potential and transcript analysis of fowl adenovirus 4: insight into upstream ORFs as common sequence features in adenoviral transcripts. J Gen Virol 2011; 92:1260-1272. [PMID: 21430092 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.030064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) have been successfully used as veterinary vaccine vectors. However, insufficient definitions of the protein-coding and non-coding regions and an incomplete understanding of virus-host interactions limit the progress of next-generation vectors. FAdVs are known to cause several diseases of poultry. Certain isolates of species FAdV-C are the aetiological agent of inclusion body hepatitis/hydropericardium syndrome (IBH/HPS). In this study, we report the complete 45667 bp genome sequence of FAdV-4 of species FAdV-C. Assessment of the protein-coding potential of FAdV-4 was carried out with the Bio-Dictionary-based Gene Finder together with an evaluation of sequence conservation among species FAdV-A and FAdV-D. On this basis, 46 potentially protein-coding ORFs were identified. Of these, 33 and 13 ORFs were assigned high and low protein-coding potential, respectively. Homologues of the ancestral adenoviral genes were, with few exceptions, assigned high protein-coding potential. ORFs that were unique to the FAdVs were differentiated into high and low protein-coding potential groups. Notable putative genes with high protein-coding capacity included the previously unreported fiber 1, hypothetical 10.3K and hypothetical 10.5K genes. Transcript analysis revealed that several of the small ORFs less than 300 nt in length that were assigned low coding potential contributed to upstream ORFs (uORFs) in important mRNAs, including the ORF22 mRNA. Subsequent analysis of the previously reported transcripts of FAdV-1, FAdV-9, human adenovirus 2 and bovine adenovirus 3 identified widespread uORFs in AdV mRNAs that have the potential to act as important translational regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan D Griffin
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Crystallographic structure of porcine adenovirus type 4 fiber head and galectin domains. J Virol 2010; 84:10558-68. [PMID: 20686025 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00997-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus isolate NADC-1, a strain of porcine adenovirus type 4, has a fiber containing an N-terminal virus attachment region, shaft and head domains, and a C-terminal galectin domain connected to the head by an RGD-containing sequence. The crystal structure of the head domain is similar to previously solved adenovirus fiber head domains, but specific residues for binding the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), CD46, or sialic acid are not conserved. The structure of the galectin domain reveals an interaction interface between its two carbohydrate recognition domains, locating both sugar binding sites face to face. Sequence evidence suggests other tandem-repeat galectins have the same arrangement. We show that the galectin domain binds carbohydrates containing lactose and N-acetyl-lactosamine units, and we present structures of the galectin domain with lactose, N-acetyl-lactosamine, 3-aminopropyl-lacto-N-neotetraose, and 2-aminoethyl-tri(N-acetyl-lactosamine), confirming the domain as a bona fide galectin domain.
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25
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Guardado-Calvo P, Llamas-Saiz AL, Fox GC, Glasgow JN, van Raaij MJ. Crystallization of the head and galectin-like domains of porcine adenovirus isolate NADC-1 fibre. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2009; 65:1149-52. [PMID: 19923738 PMCID: PMC2777046 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309109038287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The porcine adenovirus NADC-1 isolate, a strain of porcine adenovirus type 4, has a fibre with an atypical architecture. In addition to a classical virus attachment region, shaft and head domains, it contains an additional galectin like domain C-terminal to the head domain and connected to the head domain by a long RGD-containing loop. The galectin-like domain contains two putative carbohydrate-recognition domains. The head and galectin-like domains have been independently crystallized. Diffraction data have been obtained to 3.2 angstrom resolution from crystals of the head domain and to 1.9 angstrom resolution from galectin-like domain crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Guardado-Calvo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio L. Llamas-Saiz
- Unidad de Rayos X (RIAIDT), Laboratorio Integral de Dinámica y Estructura de Biomoléculas José R. Carracido, Edificio CACTUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gavin C. Fox
- Laboratoire des Proteines Membranaires, Institut de Biologie Structurale J. P. Ebel, 41 Rue Jules Horowitz, Grenoble, France
| | - Joel N. Glasgow
- Divisions of Cardiology and Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pathology, Surgery and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mark J. van Raaij
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Estructural, Instituto de Biología Molecular (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Cientific, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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