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Belanger JM, Cirilo JA. Metastable Amorphous Dispersions of Hydrophobic Naphthalene Compounds Can Be Formed in Water without Stabilizing Agents via the "Ouzo Effect". J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8032-8039. [PMID: 37699852 PMCID: PMC10518816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic molecules dissolved in water-miscible organic solvents are used in vitro for biological membrane studies and for testing of potential pharmaceuticals in high-throughput screenings. When these solutions are introduced into an aqueous environment, it is possible that metastable "ouzo-like" dispersions form from liquid-liquid phase separation. It is therefore hypothesized that when solutions of naphthalene compounds in water-miscible solvents are added to water, metastable dispersions will form. Millimolar solutions of naphthalene, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (NPN), 1-aminonaphthalene, 1-iodonaphthalene (INAP), 1,4-dimethoxynaphthalene, and 1-naphthol were prepared in either dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, or acetone at concentrations similar to those used in biological membrane studies. Each solution was diluted 10-fold in water. Particle formation was characterized by qualitative observations, dynamic light-scattering, nephelometry, and optical microscopy. It was discovered that two of the compounds tested made metastable dispersions: INAP and NPN. The initial particle sizes were ∼400 nm (radius), with turbidity ranging from 1,000 to 20,000 NTU, depending on the initial concentrations used. Fluorescence microscopy imaging showed spherical particles that do not aggregate while under observation. Slow-nucleating crystallization occurs over days, presumably from a heterogeneous nucleation process. The formation of these dispersions has implications for in vitro delivery of hydrophobic molecules to biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M. Belanger
- King’s College, Department of Chemistry and Physics, 133 N. River St., Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18711, United States
| | - Joseph A. Cirilo
- King’s College, Department of Chemistry and Physics, 133 N. River St., Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18711, United States
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Khan S, Zahoor M, Sher Khan R, Ikram M, Islam NU. The impact of silver nanoparticles on the growth of plants: The agriculture applications. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16928. [PMID: 37346326 PMCID: PMC10279825 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is the most advanced and rapidly progressing field of science and technology. It primarily deals with developing novelty in nanomaterials by understanding and controlling matter at the nanoscale level. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most prominent nanoparticles incorporated with wide-ranging applications, owing to their distinct characteristics. Different methods have been employed for nanoparticles synthesis like chemical method, physical method, photochemical method, top-down/bottom-up approach and biological methods. The positive impacts of silver nanoparticles have been observed in various economy-based sectors, including agriculture. The scientific curiosity about AgNPs in agriculture and plant biotechnology has shown optimum efficacy over the last few years. It not only enhances seed germination and plant growth, but also improves the quantum efficiency of the photosynthetic process. AgNPs play a vital role in agriculture by having several applications that are crucial for ensuring food security and improving crop production. Moreover, they also act as nano-pesticides, providing sufficient dose to the target plants without releasing unnecessary pesticides into the environment. Nano-fertilizers slowly release nutrients to the plants, thereby preventing excessive nutrient loss. AgNPs are utilized for effective and non-toxic pest management, making them an excellent tool for combating pests safely. They combine either edible or non-biodegradable polymers for active food packaging. In addition, AgNPs also possess diverse biological properties such as antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal activities, which protect plants from hazardous microbes. The aim of this review is to comprehensively survey and summarize recent literature regarding the positive and negative impacts of AgNPs on plant growth, as well as their agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Khan
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand at Chakdara, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Raham Sher Khan
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand at Chakdara, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Luo Z, Ni K, Zhou Y, Chang G, Yu J, Zhang C, Yin W, Chen D, Li S, Kuang S, Zhang P, Li K, Bai J, Wang X. Inactivation of two SARS-CoV-2 virus surrogates by electron beam irradiation on large yellow croaker slices and their packaging surfaces. Food Control 2023; 144:109340. [PMID: 36091572 PMCID: PMC9445444 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The detection of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in food and food packaging associated with the cold chain has raised concerns about the possible transmission pathway of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in foods transported through cold-chain logistics and the need for novel decontamination strategies. In this study, the effect of electron beam (E-beam) irradiation on the inactivation of two SARS-CoV-2surrogate, viruses porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), in culture medium and food substrate, and on food substrate were investigated. The causes of virus inactivation were also investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Quantitative Real-time PCR (QRT-PCR). Samples packed inside and outside, including virus-inoculated large yellow croaker and virus suspensions, were irradiated with E-beam irradiation (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 kGy) under refrigerated (0 °C)and frozen (−18 °C) conditions. The titers of both viruses in suspension and fish decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing doses of E-beam irradiation. The maximum D10 value of both viruses in suspension and fish was 1.24 kGy. E-beam irradiation at doses below 10 kGy was found to destroy the spike proteins of both SARS-CoV-2 surrogate viruses by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and negative staining of thin-sectioned specimens, rendering them uninfectious. E-beam irradiation at doses greater than 10 kGy was also found to degrade viral genomic RNA by qRT-PCR. There were no significant differences in color, pH, TVB-N, TBARS, and sensory properties of irradiated fish samples at doses below 10 kGy. These findings suggested that E-beam irradiation has the potential to be developed as an efficient non-thermal treatment to reduce SARS-CoV-2 contamination in foods transported through cold chain foods to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans through the cold chain.
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Givirovskaia D, Givirovskiy G, Haapakoski M, Hokkanen S, Ruuskanen V, Salo S, Marjomäki V, Ahola J, Repo E. Modification of face masks with zeolite imidazolate framework-8: A tool for hindering the spread of COVID-19 infection. MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ZEOLITE ASSOCIATION 2022; 334:111760. [PMID: 35221784 PMCID: PMC8858792 DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2022.111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has continued to accelerate, putting a considerable burden on public health, safety, and the global economy. Taking into consideration that the main route of virus transmission is via respiratory particles, the face mask represents a simple and efficient barrier between potentially infected and healthy individuals, thus reducing transmissibility per contact by reducing transmission of infected respiratory particles. However, long-term usage of a face mask leads to the accumulation of significant amounts of different pathogens and viruses onto the surface of the mask and can result in dangerous bacterial and viral co-infections. Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) has recently emerged as an efficient water-stable photocatalyst capable of generating reactive oxygen species under light irradiation destroying dangerous microbial pathogens. The present study investigates the potential of using ZIF-8 as a coating for face masks to prevent the adherence of microbial/viral entities. The results show that after 2 h of UV irradiation, a polypropylene mask coated with ZIF-8 nanostructures is capable of eliminating S. Aureus and bacteriophage MS2 with 99.99% and 95.4% efficiencies, respectively. Furthermore, low-pathogenic HCoV-OC43 coronavirus was eliminated by a ZIF-8-modified mask with 100% efficiency already after 1 h of UV irradiation. As bacteriophage MS2 and HCoV-OC43 coronavirus are commonly used surrogates of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the revealed antiviral properties of ZIF-8 can represent an important step in designing efficient protective equipment for controlling and fighting the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marjo Haapakoski
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sanna Hokkanen
- LUT University, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Vesa Ruuskanen
- LUT University, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Satu Salo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044, ESPOO, Finland
| | - Varpu Marjomäki
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jero Ahola
- LUT University, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Eveliina Repo
- LUT University, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta, Finland
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Tiwari AK, Mishra A, Pandey G, Gupta MK, Pandey PC. Nanotechnology: A Potential Weapon to Fight against COVID-19. PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION : MEASUREMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR IN POWDERS AND OTHER DISPERSE SYSTEMS 2022; 39:2100159. [PMID: 35440846 PMCID: PMC9011707 DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 infections have posed an unprecedented global health emergency, with nearly three million deaths to date, and have caused substantial economic loss globally. Hence, an urgent exploration of effective and safe diagnostic/therapeutic approaches for minimizing the threat of this highly pathogenic coronavirus infection is needed. As an alternative to conventional diagnosis and antiviral agents, nanomaterials have a great potential to cope with the current or even future health emergency situation with a wide range of applications. Fundamentally, nanomaterials are physically and chemically tunable and can be employed for the next generation nanomaterial-based detection of viral antigens and host antibodies in body fluids as antiviral agents, nanovaccine, suppressant of cytokine storm, nanocarrier for efficient delivery of antiviral drugs at infection site or inside the host cells, and can also be a significant tool for better understanding of the gut microbiome and SARS-CoV-2 interaction. The applicability of nanomaterial-based therapeutic options to cope with the current and possible future pandemic is discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul K. Tiwari
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology (BHU)VaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India
| | - Anupa Mishra
- Department of MicrobiologyDr. R.M.L. Awadh UniversityAyodhyaUttar Pradesh224001India
- Department of MicrobiologySri Raghukul Mahila Vidya PeethCivil Line GondaUttar Pradesh271001India
| | - Govind Pandey
- Department of PaediatricsKing George Medical UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh226003India
| | - Munesh K. Gupta
- Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India
| | - Prem C. Pandey
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology (BHU)VaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India
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Li R, Cui L, Chen M, Huang Y. Nanomaterials for Airborne Virus Inactivation: A Short Review. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021; 5:1-11. [PMCID: PMC7596633 DOI: 10.1007/s41810-020-00080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that broke out at the end of 2019 spread rapidly around the world, causing a large number of deaths and serious economic losses. Previous studies showed that aerosol transmission is one of the main pathways for the spread of COVID-19, Therefore, effective control measures are urgently needed to contain the epidemic. Nanomaterials have broad-spectrum antiviral capabilities, and their inactivation for viruses in the air has been extensively studied. This review discusses antiviral nanomaterials such as metal nanomaterials, metal oxide-based nano-photocatalysts, and nonmetallic nanomaterials; summarizes their structure and chemical properties, the efficiency of inactivating viruses, the mechanism of inactivating viruses, and the application of virus purification in the air. This review provides insights on the development and application of antiviral nanomaterials, which can help control the aerosol transmission of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Long Cui
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
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Wiehe A, O'Brien JM, Senge MO. Trends and targets in antiviral phototherapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2565-2612. [PMID: 31397467 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00211a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-established treatment option in the treatment of certain cancerous and pre-cancerous lesions. Though best-known for its application in tumor therapy, historically the photodynamic effect was first demonstrated against bacteria at the beginning of the 20th century. Today, in light of spreading antibiotic resistance and the rise of new infections, this photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of microbes, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses, is gaining considerable attention. This review focuses on the PDI of viruses as an alternative treatment in antiviral therapy, but also as a means of viral decontamination, covering mainly the literature of the last decade. The PDI of viruses shares the general action mechanism of photodynamic applications: the irradiation of a dye with light and the subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are the effective phototoxic agents damaging virus targets by reacting with viral nucleic acids, lipids and proteins. Interestingly, a light-independent antiviral activity has also been found for some of these dyes. This review covers the compound classes employed in the PDI of viruses and their various areas of use. In the medical area, currently two fields stand out in which the PDI of viruses has found broader application: the purification of blood products and the treatment of human papilloma virus manifestations. However, the PDI of viruses has also found interest in such diverse areas as water and surface decontamination, and biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Wiehe
- biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany. and Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica M O'Brien
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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Seo HS. Application of radiation technology in vaccines development. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2015; 4:145-58. [PMID: 26273573 PMCID: PMC4524899 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2015.4.2.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the earliest methods used in the manufacture of stable and safe vaccines is the use of chemical and physical treatments to produce inactivated forms of pathogens. Although these types of vaccines have been successful in eliciting specific humoral immune responses to pathogen-associated immunogens, there is a large demand for the development of fast, safe, and effective vaccine manufacturing strategies. Radiation sterilization has been used to develop a variety of vaccine types, because it can eradicate chemical contaminants and penetrate pathogens to destroy nucleic acids without damaging the pathogen surface antigens. Nevertheless, irradiated vaccines have not widely been used at an industrial level because of difficulties obtaining the necessary equipment. Recent successful clinical trials of irradiated vaccines against pathogens and tumors have led to a reevaluation of radiation technology as an alternative method to produce vaccines. In the present article, we review the challenges associated with creating irradiated vaccines and discuss potential strategies for developing vaccines using radiation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Seong Seo
- Radiation Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
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Bartuschat AL, Schellhorn T, Hübner H, Gmeiner P, Heinrich MR. Fluoro-substituted phenylazocarboxamides: Dopaminergic behavior and N-arylating properties for irreversible binding. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3938-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Belanger JM, Raviv Y, Viard M, Baxa U, Blumenthal R. Orthogonal inactivation of influenza and the creation of detergent resistant viral aggregates: towards a novel vaccine strategy. Virol J 2012; 9:72. [PMID: 22449007 PMCID: PMC3353219 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-9-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been previously shown that enveloped viruses can be inactivated using aryl azides, such as 1-iodo-5-azidonaphthalene (INA), plus UVA irradiation with preservation of surface epitopes in the inactivated virus preparations. Prolonged UVA irradiation in the presence of INA results in ROS-species formation, which in turn results in detergent resistant viral protein fractions. RESULTS Herein, we characterize the applicability of this technique to inactivate influenza. It is shown that influenza virus + INA (100 micromolar) + UVA irradiation for 30 minutes results in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in pelletablehemagglutinin after Triton X-100 treatment followed by ultracentrifugation. Additionally, characterization of the virus suspension by immunogold labeling in cryo-EM, and viral pellet characterization via immunoprecipitation with a neutralizing antibody, shows preservation of neutralization epitopes after this treatment. CONCLUSION These orthogonally inactivated viral preparations with detergent resistant fractions are being explored as a novel route for safe, effective inactivated vaccines generated from a variety of enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Belanger
- Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, National Cancer Institute Frederick, Frederick, USA
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