|
1
|
Manzetti J, Weissbach FH, Graf FE, Unterstab G, Wernli M, Hopfer H, Drachenberg CB, Rinaldo CH, Hirsch HH. BK Polyomavirus Evades Innate Immune Sensing by Disrupting the Mitochondrial Network and Promotes Mitophagy. iScience 2020; 23:101257. [PMID: 32599557 PMCID: PMC7326741 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune escape contributes to viral persistence, yet little is known about human polyomaviruses. BK-polyomavirus (BKPyV) asymptomatically infects 90% of humans but causes premature allograft failure in kidney transplant patients. Despite virus-specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies, BKPyV persists in kidneys and evades immune control as evidenced by urinary shedding in immunocompetent individuals. Here, we report that BKPyV disrupts the mitochondrial network and membrane potential when expressing the 66aa-long agnoprotein during late replication. Agnoprotein is necessary and sufficient, using its amino-terminal and central domain for mitochondrial targeting and network disruption, respectively. Agnoprotein impairs nuclear IRF3-translocation, interferon-beta expression, and promotes p62/SQSTM1-mitophagy. Agnoprotein-mutant viruses unable to disrupt mitochondria show reduced replication and increased interferon-beta expression but can be rescued by type-I interferon blockade, TBK1-inhibition, or CoCl2-treatment. Mitochondrial fragmentation and p62/SQSTM1-autophagy occur in allograft biopsies of kidney transplant patients with BKPyV nephropathy. JCPyV and SV40 infection similarly disrupt mitochondrial networks, indicating a conserved mechanism facilitating polyomavirus persistence and post-transplant disease. BK polyomavirus agnoprotein disrupts mitochondrial membrane potential and network Agnoprotein impairs nucleus IRF3 translocation and interferon-β expression Agnoprotein facilitates innate immune evasion during the late viral replication phase Damaged mitochondria are targeted for p62/SQSTM1 autophagy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Manzetti
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Petersplatz 10, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian H Weissbach
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Petersplatz 10, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabrice E Graf
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Petersplatz 10, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gunhild Unterstab
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Petersplatz 10, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marion Wernli
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Petersplatz 10, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Hopfer
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cinthia B Drachenberg
- Departments of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christine Hanssen Rinaldo
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hans H Hirsch
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Petersplatz 10, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland; Clinical Virology, Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|