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Hurd M, Pino J, Jang K, Allevato MM, Vorontchikhina M, Ichikawa W, Zhao Y, Gates R, Villalpando E, Hamilton MJ, Faiola F, Pan S, Qi Y, Hung YW, Girke T, Ann D, Seewaldt V, Martinez E. MYC acetylated lysine residues drive oncogenic cell transformation and regulate select genetic programs for cell adhesion-independent growth and survival. Genes Dev 2023; 37:865-882. [PMID: 37852796 PMCID: PMC10691474 DOI: 10.1101/gad.350736.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The MYC oncogenic transcription factor is acetylated by the p300 and GCN5 histone acetyltransferases. The significance of MYC acetylation and the functions of specific acetylated lysine (AcK) residues have remained unclear. Here, we show that the major p300-acetylated K148(149) and K157(158) sites in human (or mouse) MYC and the main GCN5-acetylated K323 residue are reversibly acetylated in various malignant and nonmalignant cells. Oncogenic overexpression of MYC enhances its acetylation and alters the regulation of site-specific acetylation by proteasome and deacetylase inhibitors. Acetylation of MYC at different K residues differentially affects its stability in a cell type-dependent manner. Lysine-to-arginine substitutions indicate that although none of the AcK residues is required for MYC stimulation of adherent cell proliferation, individual AcK sites have gene-specific functions controlling select MYC-regulated processes in cell adhesion, contact inhibition, apoptosis, and/or metabolism and are required for the malignant cell transformation activity of MYC. Each AcK site is required for anchorage-independent growth of MYC-overexpressing cells in vitro, and both the AcK148(149) and AcK157(158) residues are also important for the tumorigenic activity of MYC transformed cells in vivo. The MYC AcK site-specific signaling pathways identified may offer new avenues for selective therapeutic targeting of MYC oncogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hurd
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Jeffrey Pino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Kay Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Michael M Allevato
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Marina Vorontchikhina
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Wataru Ichikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Ryan Gates
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Emily Villalpando
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Michael J Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Francesco Faiola
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Songqin Pan
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Yu-Wen Hung
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Thomas Girke
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - David Ann
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Victoria Seewaldt
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Ernest Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA;
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Liu Y, Vandekeere A, Xu M, Fendt SM, Altea-Manzano P. Metabolite-derived protein modifications modulating oncogenic signaling. Front Oncol 2022; 12:988626. [PMID: 36226054 PMCID: PMC9549695 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant growth is defined by multiple aberrant cellular features, including metabolic rewiring, inactivation of tumor suppressors and the activation of oncogenes. Even though these features have been described as separate hallmarks, many studies have shown an extensive mutual regulatory relationship amongst them. On one hand, the change in expression or activity of tumor suppressors and oncogenes has extensive direct and indirect effects on cellular metabolism, activating metabolic pathways required for malignant growth. On the other hand, the tumor microenvironment and tumor intrinsic metabolic alterations result in changes in intracellular metabolite levels, which directly modulate the protein modification of oncogenes and tumor suppressors at both epigenetic and post-translational levels. In this mini-review, we summarize the crosstalk between tumor suppressors/oncogenes and metabolism-induced protein modifications at both levels and explore the impact of metabolic (micro)environments in shaping these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metaboli Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anke Vandekeere
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metaboli Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metaboli Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Sarah-Maria Fendt, ; Patricia Altea-Manzano,
| | - Patricia Altea-Manzano
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metaboli Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Sarah-Maria Fendt, ; Patricia Altea-Manzano,
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D’Agostino DM, Raimondi V, Silic-Benussi M, Ciminale V. MiR-150 in HTLV-1-infection and T-cell transformation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974088. [PMID: 36072598 PMCID: PMC9442802 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that persistently infects CD4+ T-cells, and is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) and several inflammatory diseases. T-cell transformation by HTLV-1 is driven by multiple interactions between viral regulatory proteins and host cell pathways that govern cell proliferation and survival. Studies performed over the last decade have revealed alterations in the expression of many microRNAs in HTLV-1-infected cells and ATLL cells, and have identified several microRNA targets with roles in the viral life cycle and host cell turnover. This review centers on miR-150-5p, a microRNA whose expression is temporally regulated during lymphocyte development and altered in several hematological malignancies. The levels of miR-150-5p are reduced in many HTLV-1-transformed- and ATLL-derived cell lines. Experiments in these cell lines showed that downregulation of miR-150-5p results in activation of the transcription factor STAT1, which is a direct target of the miRNA. However, data on miR-150-5p levels in freshly isolated ATLL samples are suggestive of its upregulation compared to controls. These apparently puzzling findings highlight the need for more in-depth studies of the role of miR-150-5p in HTLV-1 infection and pathogenesis based on knowledge of miR-150-5p-target mRNA interactions and mechanisms regulating its function in normal leukocytes and hematologic neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M. D’Agostino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV)- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Donna M. D’Agostino, ; Vincenzo Ciminale,
| | - Vittoria Raimondi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Micol Silic-Benussi
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV)- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV)- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Donna M. D’Agostino, ; Vincenzo Ciminale,
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Herbein G, Nehme Z. Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells, a Hallmark of Oncoviruses and a New Therapeutic Challenge. Front Oncol 2020; 10:567116. [PMID: 33154944 PMCID: PMC7591763 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.567116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are renowned as intricate systems that harbor heterogeneous cancer cells with distinctly diverse molecular signatures, sizes and genomic contents. Among those various genomic clonal populations within the complex tumoral architecture are the polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC). Although described for over a century, PGCC are increasingly being recognized for their prominent role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, therapy resistance and tumor repopulation after therapy. A shared characteristic among all tumors triggered by oncoviruses is the presence of polyploidy. Those include Human Papillomaviruses (HPV), Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV, respectively), Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1), Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) and Merkel polyomavirus (MCPyV). Distinct viral proteins, for instance Tax for HTLV-1 or HBx for HBV have demonstrated their etiologic role in favoring the appearance of PGCC. Different intriguing biological mechanisms employed by oncogenic viruses, in addition to viruses with high oncogenic potential such as human cytomegalovirus, could support the generation of PGCC, including induction of endoreplication, inactivation of tumor suppressors, development of hypoxia, activation of cellular senescence and others. Interestingly, chemoresistance and radioresistance have been reported in the context of oncovirus-induced cancers, for example KSHV and EBV-associated lymphomas and high-risk HPV-related cervical cancer. This points toward a potential linkage between the previously mentioned players and highlights PGCC as keystone cancer cells in virally-induced tumors. Subsequently, although new therapeutic approaches are actively needed to fight PGCC, attention should also be drawn to reveal the relationship between PGCC and oncoviruses, with the ultimate goal of establishing effective therapeutic platforms for treatment of virus-associated cancers. This review discusses the presence of PGCCs in tumors induced by oncoviruses, biological mechanisms potentially favoring their appearance, as well as their consequent implication at the clinical and therapeutic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Herbein
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA 4266, University of Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France.,Department of Virology, CHRU Besancon, Besançon, France
| | - Zeina Nehme
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA 4266, University of Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Besançon, France.,Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Harrod R. Silencers of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2: the pX-encoded latency-maintenance factors. Retrovirology 2019; 16:25. [PMID: 31492165 PMCID: PMC6731619 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-019-0487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the members of the primate T cell lymphotropic virus (PTLV) family, only the human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes disease in humans—as the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and other auto-inflammatory disorders. Despite having significant genomic organizational and structural similarities, the closely related human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-2 (HTLV-2) is considered apathogenic and has been linked with benign lymphoproliferation and mild neurological symptoms in certain infected patients. The silencing of proviral gene expression and maintenance of latency are central for the establishment of persistent infections in vivo. The conserved pX sequences of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 encode several ancillary factors which have been shown to negatively regulate proviral gene expression, while simultaneously activating host cellular proliferative and pro-survival pathways. In particular, the ORF-II proteins, HTLV-1 p30II and HTLV-2 p28II, suppress Tax-dependent transactivation from the viral promoter—whereas p30II also inhibits PU.1-mediated inflammatory-signaling, differentially augments the expression of p53-regulated metabolic/pro-survival genes, and induces lymphoproliferation which could promote mitotic proviral replication. The ubiquitinated form of the HTLV-1 p13II protein localizes to nuclear speckles and interferes with recruitment of the p300 coactivator by the viral transactivator Tax. Further, the antisense-encoded HTLV-1 HBZ and HTLV-2 APH-2 proteins and mRNAs negatively regulate Tax-dependent proviral gene expression and activate inflammatory signaling associated with enhanced T-cell lymphoproliferation. This review will summarize our current understanding of the pX latency-maintenance factors of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 and discuss how these products may contribute to the differences in pathogenicity between the human PTLVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Harrod
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX, 75275-0376, USA.
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Hutchison T, Yapindi L, Malu A, Newman RA, Sastry KJ, Harrod R. The Botanical Glycoside Oleandrin Inhibits Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Infectivity and Env-Dependent Virological Synapse Formation. JOURNAL OF ANTIVIRALS & ANTIRETROVIRALS 2019; 11. [PMID: 31824586 PMCID: PMC6904119 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
At present, there are no antiretroviral drugs that inhibit incorporation of the envelope glycoprotein into newly-synthesized virus particles. The botanical glycoside, oleandrin, derived from extracts of Nerium oleander, has previously been shown to reduce the levels of the gp120 envelope glycoprotein on human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) particles and inhibit HIV-1 infectivity in vitro. We therefore tested whether oleandrin or an extract from N. oleander could also inhibit the infectivity of the human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1): A related enveloped retrovirus and emerging tropical infectious agent. The treatment of HTLV-1+ lymphoma T-cells with either oleandrin or a N. oleander extract did not significantly inhibit viral replication or the release of p19Gag-containing particles into the culture supernatants. However, the collected virus particles from treated cells exhibited reduced infectivity on primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (huPBMCs). Unlike HIV-1, extracellular HTLV-1 particles are poorly infectious and viral transmission typically occurs via direct intercellular interactions across a virological synapse. We therefore investigated whether oleandrin or a N. oleander extract could inhibit virus transmission from a GFP-expressing HTLV-1+ lymphoma T-cell-line to huPBMCs in co-culture assays. These results demonstrated that both oleandrin and the crude phytoextract inhibited the formation of virological synapses and the transmission of HTLV-1 in vitro. Importantly, these findings suggest oleandrin may have broad antiviral activity against enveloped viruses by reducing the incorporation of the envelope glycoprotein into mature particles, a stage of the infection cycle not targeted by modern HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Hutchison
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, 75275-0376, USA
| | - Laçin Yapindi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, 75275-0376, USA
| | - Aditi Malu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, 75275-0376, USA
| | - Robert A Newman
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77054, USA
| | - K Jagannadha Sastry
- Departments of Immunology and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77054, USA
| | - Robert Harrod
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, 75275-0376, USA
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The human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 tax oncoprotein dissociates NF-κB p65 RelA-Stathmin complexes and causes catastrophic mitotic spindle damage and genomic instability. Virology 2019; 535:83-101. [PMID: 31299491 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Genomic instability is a hallmark of many cancers; however, the molecular etiology of chromosomal dysregulation is not well understood. The human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) oncoprotein Tax activates NF-κB-signaling and induces DNA-damage and aberrant chromosomal segregation through diverse mechanisms which contribute to viral carcinogenesis. Intriguingly, Stathmin/oncoprotein-18 (Op-18) depolymerizes tubulin and interacts with the p65RelA subunit and functions as a cofactor for NF-κB-dependent transactivation. We thus hypothesized that the dissociation of p65RelA-Stathmin/Op-18 complexes by Tax could lead to the catastrophic destabilization of microtubule (MT) spindle fibers during mitosis and provide a novel mechanistic link between NF-κB-signaling and genomic instability. Here we report that the inhibition of Stathmin expression by the retroviral latency protein, p30II, or knockdown with siRNA-stathmin, dampens Tax-mediated NF-κB transactivation and counters Tax-induced genomic instability and cytotoxicity. The Tax-G148V mutant, defective for NF-κB activation, exhibited reduced p65RelA-Stathmin binding and diminished genomic instability and cytotoxicity. Dominant-negative inhibitors of NF-κB also prevented Tax-induced multinucleation and apoptosis. Moreover, cell clones containing the infectious HTLV-1 ACH. p30II mutant provirus, impaired for p30II production, exhibited increased multinucleation and the accumulation of cytoplasmic tubulin aggregates following nocodozole-treatment. These findings allude to a mechanism whereby NF-κB-signaling regulates tubulin dynamics and mitotic instability through the modulation of p65RelA-Stathmin/Op-18 interactions, and support the notion that p30II enhances the survival of Tax-expressing HTLV-1-transformed cells.
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Hutchison T, Malu A, Yapindi L, Bergeson R, Peck K, Romeo M, Harrod C, Pope J, Smitherman L, Gwinn W, Ratner L, Yates C, Harrod R. The TP53-Induced Glycolysis and Apoptosis Regulator mediates cooperation between HTLV-1 p30 II and the retroviral oncoproteins Tax and HBZ and is highly expressed in an in vivo xenograft model of HTLV-1-induced lymphoma. Virology 2018; 520:39-58. [PMID: 29777913 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is an oncoretrovirus that infects and transforms CD4+ T-cells and causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) -an aggressive lymphoproliferative disease that is highly refractive to most anticancer therapies. The HTLV-1 proviral genome encodes several regulatory products within a conserved 3' nucleotide sequence, known as pX; however, it remains unclear how these factors might cooperate or dynamically interact in virus-infected cells. Here we demonstrate that the HTLV-1 latency-maintenance factor p30II induces the TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) and counters the oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and cytotoxicity caused by the viral oncoproteins Tax and HBZ. The p30II protein cooperates with Tax and HBZ and enhances their oncogenic potential in colony transformation/foci-formation assays. Further, we have shown that TIGAR is highly expressed in HTLV-1-induced tumors associated with oncogene dysregulation and increased angiogenesis in an in vivo xenograft model of HTLV-1-induced T-cell lymphoma. These findings provide the first evidence that p30II likely collaborates as an ancillary factor for the major oncoproteins Tax and HBZ during retroviral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Hutchison
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Aditi Malu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Laçin Yapindi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Rachel Bergeson
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Kendra Peck
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Megan Romeo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Carolyn Harrod
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Jordan Pope
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Louisa Smitherman
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Wesleigh Gwinn
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States
| | - Lee Ratner
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Courtney Yates
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, United States
| | - Robert Harrod
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, 6501 Airline Drive, 334-DLS, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, United States.
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9
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Romeo M, Hutchison T, Malu A, White A, Kim J, Gardner R, Smith K, Nelson K, Bergeson R, McKee R, Harrod C, Ratner L, Lüscher B, Martinez E, Harrod R. The human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 p30 II protein activates p53 and induces the TIGAR and suppresses oncogene-induced oxidative stress during viral carcinogenesis. Virology 2018; 518:103-115. [PMID: 29462755 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In normal cells, aberrant oncogene expression leads to the accumulation of cytotoxic metabolites, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause oxidative DNA-damage and apoptosis as an intrinsic barrier against neoplastic disease. The c-Myc oncoprotein is overexpressed in many lymphoid cancers due to c-myc gene amplification and/or 8q24 chromosomal translocations. Intriguingly, p53 is a downstream target of c-Myc and hematological malignancies, such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), frequently contain wildtype p53 and c-Myc overexpression. We therefore hypothesized that p53-regulated pro-survival signals may thwart the cell's metabolic anticancer defenses to support oncogene-activation in lymphoid cancers. Here we show that the Tp53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) promotes c-myc oncogene-activation by the human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) latency-maintenance factor p30II, associated with c-Myc deregulation in ATL clinical isolates. TIGAR prevents the intracellular accumulation of c-Myc-induced ROS and inhibits oncogene-induced cellular senescence in ATL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma cells with elevated c-Myc expression. Our results allude to a pivotal role for p53-regulated antioxidant signals as mediators of c-Myc oncogenic functions in viral and non-viral lymphoid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Romeo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Tetiana Hutchison
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Aditi Malu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Averi White
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Janice Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Rachel Gardner
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Katie Smith
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Katherine Nelson
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Rachel Bergeson
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Ryan McKee
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Carolyn Harrod
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States
| | - Lee Ratner
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Bernhard Lüscher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Klinikum, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ernest Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Robert Harrod
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, and The Dedman College Center for Drug Discovery, Design & Delivery, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, Unites States.
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C-MYC and Its Main Ubiquitin Ligase, FBXW7, Influence Cell Proliferation and Prognosis in Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:1139-1149. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chan CP, Kok KH, Jin DY. Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Infection and Adult T-Cell Leukemia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1018:147-166. [PMID: 29052136 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5765-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first retrovirus discovered to cause adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), a highly aggressive blood cancer. HTLV-1 research in the past 35 years has been most revealing in the mechanisms of viral oncogenesis. HTLV-1 establishes a lifelong persistent infection in CD4+ T lymphocytes. The infection outcome is governed by host immunity. ATL develops in 2-5% of infected individuals 30-50 years after initial exposure. HTLV-1 encodes two oncoproteins Tax and HBZ, which are required for initiation of cellular transformation and maintenance of cell proliferation, respectively. HTLV-1 oncogenesis is driven by a clonal selection and expansion process during which both host and viral factors cooperate to impair genome stability, immune surveillance, and other mechanisms of tumor suppression. A better understanding of HTLV-1 biology and leukemogenesis will reveal new strategies and modalities for ATL prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ping Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kin-Hang Kok
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, 145 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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12
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Bangham CRM, Ratner L. How does HTLV-1 cause adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL)? Curr Opin Virol 2015; 14:93-100. [PMID: 26414684 PMCID: PMC4772697 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A typical person infected with the retrovirus human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carries tens of thousands of clones of HTLV-1-infected T lymphocytes, each clone distinguished by a unique integration site of the provirus in the host genome. However, only 5% of infected people develop the malignant disease adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma, usually more than 50 years after becoming infected. We review the host and viral factors that cause this aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R M Bangham
- Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Lee Ratner
- Medical Oncology Section, Hematology-Oncology Faculty, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, WA, USA
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