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Ramos-González PL, Alexandre MAV, Potsclam-Barro M, Duarte LML, Michea Gonzalez GL, Chabi-Jesus C, Ramos AF, Harakava R, Lorenzi H, Freitas-Astúa J, Kitajima EW. Two Novel Betarhabdovirins Infecting Ornamental Plants and the Peculiar Intracellular Behavior of the Cytorhabdovirus in the Liana Aristolochia gibertii. Viruses 2024; 16:322. [PMID: 38543688 PMCID: PMC10976027 DOI: 10.3390/v16030322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Two novel members of the subfamily Betarhabdovirinae, family Rhabdoviridae, were identified in Brazil. Overall, their genomes have the typical organization 3'-N-P-P3-M-G-L-5' observed in mono-segmented plant-infecting rhabdoviruses. In aristolochia-associated cytorhabdovirus (AaCV), found in the liana aristolochia (Aristolochia gibertii Hook), an additional short orphan ORF encoding a transmembrane helix was detected between P3 and M. The AaCV genome and inferred encoded proteins share the highest identity values, consistently < 60%, with their counterparts of the yerba mate chlorosis-associated virus (Cytorhabdovirus flaviyerbamate). The second virus, false jalap virus (FaJV), was detected in the herbaceous plant false jalap (Mirabilis jalapa L.) and represents together with tomato betanucleorhabdovirus 2, originally found in tomato plants in Slovenia, a tentative new species of the genus Betanucleorhabdovirus. FaJV particles accumulate in the perinuclear space, and electron-lucent viroplasms were observed in the nuclei of the infected cells. Notably, distinct from typical rhabdoviruses, most virions of AaCV were observed to be non-enclosed within membrane-bounded cavities. Instead, they were frequently seen in close association with surfaces of mitochondria or peroxisomes. Unlike FaJV, AaCV was successfully graft-transmitted to healthy plants of three species of the genus Aristolochia, while mechanical and seed transmission proved unsuccessful for both viruses. Data suggest that these viruses belong to two new tentative species within the subfamily Betarhabdovirinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Luis Ramos-González
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.P.-B.); (G.L.M.G.); (C.C.-J.); (R.H.)
| | - Maria Amelia Vaz Alexandre
- Laboratório de Fitovirologia Fisiopatológica, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.A.V.A.); (L.M.L.D.); (A.F.R.)
| | - Matheus Potsclam-Barro
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.P.-B.); (G.L.M.G.); (C.C.-J.); (R.H.)
| | - Lígia Maria Lembo Duarte
- Laboratório de Fitovirologia Fisiopatológica, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.A.V.A.); (L.M.L.D.); (A.F.R.)
| | - Gianluca L. Michea Gonzalez
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.P.-B.); (G.L.M.G.); (C.C.-J.); (R.H.)
| | - Camila Chabi-Jesus
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.P.-B.); (G.L.M.G.); (C.C.-J.); (R.H.)
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Alyne F. Ramos
- Laboratório de Fitovirologia Fisiopatológica, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.A.V.A.); (L.M.L.D.); (A.F.R.)
| | - Ricardo Harakava
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Pesquisa e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, SP, Brazil; (M.P.-B.); (G.L.M.G.); (C.C.-J.); (R.H.)
| | - Harri Lorenzi
- Instituto Plantarum, Nova Odessa 13380-410, SP, Brazil;
| | | | - Elliot Watanabe Kitajima
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil;
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Bejerman N, Dietzgen R, Debat H. Novel Tri-Segmented Rhabdoviruses: A Data Mining Expedition Unveils the Cryptic Diversity of Cytorhabdoviruses. Viruses 2023; 15:2402. [PMID: 38140643 PMCID: PMC10747219 DOI: 10.3390/v15122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytorhabdoviruses (genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae) are plant-infecting viruses with enveloped, bacilliform virions. Established members of the genus Cytorhabdovirus have unsegmented single-stranded negative-sense RNA genomes (ca. 10-16 kb) which encode four to ten proteins. Here, by exploring large publicly available metatranscriptomics datasets, we report the identification and genomic characterization of 93 novel viruses with genetic and evolutionary cues of cytorhabdoviruses. Strikingly, five unprecedented viruses with tri-segmented genomes were also identified. This finding represents the first tri-segmented viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, and they should be classified in a novel genus within this family for which we suggest the name "Trirhavirus". Interestingly, the nucleocapsid and polymerase were the only typical rhabdoviral proteins encoded by those tri-segmented viruses, whereas in three of them, a protein similar to the emaravirus (family Fimoviridae) silencing suppressor was found, while the other predicted proteins had no matches in any sequence databases. Genetic distance and evolutionary insights suggest that all these novel viruses may represent members of novel species. Phylogenetic analyses, of both novel and previously classified plant rhabdoviruses, provide compelling support for the division of the genus Cytorhabdovirus into three distinct genera. This proposed reclassification not only enhances our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics within this group of plant rhabdoviruses but also illuminates the remarkable genomic diversity they encompass. This study not only represents a significant expansion of the genomics of cytorhabdoviruses that will enable future research on the evolutionary peculiarity of this genus but also shows the plasticity in the rhabdovirus genome organization with the discovery of tri-segmented members with a unique evolutionary trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bejerman
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal—Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias—Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE—CIAP—INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
- Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Ralf Dietzgen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Humberto Debat
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal—Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias—Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE—CIAP—INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
- Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
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3
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Nie Z, Zhang X, Li Y, Zhang Z, Han C, Wang Y. Molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus infecting Plumbago indica L. Arch Virol 2023; 168:289. [PMID: 37950823 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
In 2021, Plumbago indica plants with necrotic spots on their leaves were observed in Beijing, China. Through high-throughput sequencing, we discovered a putative novel member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, which was provisionally named "plumbago necrotic spot-associated virus" (PNSaV). The full-length negative-sense single-stranded RNA genome of this virus is 13,180 nucleotides in length and contains eight putative open reading frames (ORFs), in the order 3' leader-N-(P')-P-P3-M-G-P6-L-5' trailer. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise comparisons suggested that PNSaV is most closely related to pastinaca cytorhabdovirus 1, with 59.2% nucleotide sequence identity in the complete genome and 56.4% amino acid sequence identity in the L protein. These findings suggest that PNSaV should be considered a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyao Nie
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiuqi Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingxi Li
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenggui Han
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Gao DM, Qiao JH, Gao Q, Zhang J, Zang Y, Xie L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Fu J, Zhang H, Han C, Wang XB. A plant cytorhabdovirus modulates locomotor activity of insect vectors to enhance virus transmission. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5754. [PMID: 37717061 PMCID: PMC10505171 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmission of many plant viruses relies on phloem-feeding insect vectors. However, how plant viruses directly modulate insect behavior is largely unknown. Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus). Here, we show that BYSMV infects the central nervous system (CNS) of SBPHs, induces insect hyperactivity, and prolongs phloem feeding duration. The BYSMV accessory protein P6 interacts with the COP9 signalosome subunit 5 (LsCSN5) of SBPHs and suppresses LsCSN5-regulated de-neddylation from the Cullin 1 (CUL1), hereby inhibiting CUL1-based E3 ligases-mediated degradation of the circadian clock protein Timeless (TIM). Thus, virus infection or knockdown of LsCSN5 compromises TIM oscillation and induces high insect locomotor activity for transmission. Additionally, expression of BYSMV P6 in the CNS of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster disturbs circadian rhythm and induces high locomotor activity. Together, our results suggest the molecular mechanisms whereby BYSMV modulates locomotor activity of insect vectors for transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ji-Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenggui Han
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Zhang X, Zheng R, Li Z, Ma J. Liquid-liquid Phase Separation in Viral Function. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:167955. [PMID: 36642156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.167955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An emerging set of results suggests that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is the basis for the formation of membrane-less compartments in cells. Evidence is now mounting that various types of virus-induced membrane-less compartments and organelles are also assembled via LLPS. Specifically, viruses appear to use intracellular phase transitions to form subcellular microenvironments known as viral factories, inclusion bodies, or viroplasms. These compartments - collectively referred to as viral biomolecular condensates - can be used to concentrate replicase proteins, viral genomes, and host proteins that are required for virus replication. They can also be used to subvert or avoid the intracellular immune response. This review examines how certain DNA or RNA viruses drive the formation of viral condensates, the possible biological functions of those condensates, and the biophysical and biochemical basis for their assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Run Zheng
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengshuo Li
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China.
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6
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Park YC, Kim KK, Jun HJ, Kang EH, Lee SR, Ahn JK, Seo HK, Lee SH, Hoe KL. Complete genome sequence of cnidium virus 2, a novel cytorhabdovirus isolated from Cnidium officinale in South Korea. Arch Virol 2023; 168:170. [PMID: 37243778 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05784-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing identified a cytorhabdovirus, tentatively named "cnidium virus 2" (CnV2), in Cnidium officinale, and Sanger sequencing confirmed the genome sequence. CnV2 is 13,527 nucleotides in length and contains seven open reading frames in the order 3'-N-P-3-4-M-G-L-5', separated by intergenic regions. The full-length nucleotide sequence of CnV2 shares 19.4-53.8% identity with other known cytorhabdovirus genome sequences. The N, P, P3, M, G, and L proteins share 15.8-66.7%, 11-64.3%, 11.1-80.5%, 10.8-75.3%, 12.3-72.1%, and 20-72.7% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, with the cognate deduced protein sequences from known cytorhabdoviruses. CnV2 is related to other members of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, with sambucus virus 1 being the closest relative. Thus, CnV2 should be classified as a new member in the genus Cytorhabdovirus of the family Rhabdoviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chan Park
- Department of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
- NEXBIO Co., Ltd., Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Eun-Ha Kang
- NEXBIO Co., Ltd., Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Rim Lee
- NEXBIO Co., Ltd., Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ki Ahn
- Material and Component Convergence R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Kyu Seo
- HK Genomics, Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Heon Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Lae Hoe
- Department of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Wu Y, Yang M, Yang H, Qiu Y, Xuan Z, Xing F, Cao M. Identification and molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus from rose plants (Rosa chinensis Jacq.). Arch Virol 2023; 168:118. [PMID: 36952055 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05742-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus, tentatively named "rose-associated cytorhabdovirus" (RaCV), was identified by high-throughput sequencing. RaCV is 16,067 nucleotides in length and contains eight open reading frames (ORFs 1-8) encoding a nucleocapsid protein (N), a putative phosphoprotein (P), a putative P3 protein (P3), a putative P4 protein (P4), a putative matrix protein (M), a glycoprotein (G), a putative P7 protein (P7), and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L), respectively. The coding genes are flanked by a 3' leader sequence (228 nt) and a 5' trailer sequence (251 nt) and are separated by conserved intergenic junctions (3'-AUUCUUUUUG(N)nCUN-5'). Phylogenetic analysis showed that RaCV clustered with yerba mate virus A (YmVA) within the cytorhabdovirus clade, and it exhibited low a degree of nt sequence similarity (<40% identity) to other rhabdoviruses. Amino acid sequence comparisons between the putative proteins of RaCV and the corresponding proteins of other cytorhabdoviruses showed that the sequence identity levels were far below the species demarcation cutoff of 80% for cytorhabdoviruses. These results suggest that RaCV should be classified as a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wu
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mengxue Yang
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Han Yang
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanjian Qiu
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhiyou Xuan
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Fei Xing
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mengji Cao
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Marquez-Molins J, Juarez-Gonzalez VT, Gomez G, Pallas V, Martinez G. Occurrence of RNA post-transcriptional modifications in plant viruses and viroids and their correlation with structural and functional features. Virus Res 2023; 323:198958. [PMID: 36209921 PMCID: PMC10194119 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional modifications of RNA bases are widespread across all the tree of life and have been linked to RNA maturation, stability, and molecular interactions. RNA modifications have been extensively described in endogenous eukaryotic mRNAs, however, little is known about the presence of RNA modifications in plant viral and subviral RNAs. Here, we used a computational approach to infer RNA modifications in plant-pathogenic viruses and viroids using high-throughput annotation of modified ribonucleotides (HAMR), a software that predicts modified ribonucleotides using high-throughput RNA sequencing data. We analyzed datasets from representative members of different plant viruses and viroids and compared them to plant-endogenous mRNAs. Our approach was able to predict potential RNA chemical modifications (RCMs) in all analyzed pathogens. We found that both DNA and RNA viruses presented a wide range of RCM proportions while viroids had lowest values. Furthermore, we found that for viruses with segmented genomes, some genomic RNAs had a higher proportion of RCM. Interestingly, nuclear-replicating viroids showed most of the predicted modifications located in the pathogenesis region, pointing towards a possible functional role of RCMs in their infectious cycle. Thus, our results strongly suggest that plant viral and subviral RNAs might contain a variety of previously unreported RNA modifications, thus opening a new perspective in the multifaceted process of plant-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Marquez-Molins
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universitat de València (UV), Parc Científic, Cat. Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna 46980, Spain; Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universitat Politècnica de València, CPI 8E, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Vasti Thamara Juarez-Gonzalez
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala 750 07, Sweden
| | - Gustavo Gomez
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universitat de València (UV), Parc Científic, Cat. Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Vicente Pallas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universitat Politècnica de València, CPI 8E, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - German Martinez
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala 750 07, Sweden.
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Cheng M, Meng F, Mo F, Qi H, Wang P, Chen X, Liu J, Ghanizadeh H, Zhang H, Wang A. Slym1 control the color etiolation of leaves by facilitating the decomposition of chlorophyll in tomato. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 324:111457. [PMID: 36089196 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis, as an important biological process of plants, produces organic substances for plant growth and development. Although the molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis had been well investigated, the relationship between chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis remains largely unknown. The leaf-color mutant was an ideal material for studying photosynthesis and chlorophyll synthesis, which had been seldom investigated in tomato. Here, we obtained a yellow leaf tomato mutant ym (The mutant plants from the line of zs4) in field. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photosynthetic parameters results demonstrated that chloroplast's structure was obviously destroyed and photosynthetic capacity gets weak. The mutant was hybridized with the control to construct the F2 segregation population for sequencing. Slym1 gene, controlling yellow mutant trait, was identified using Bulked Segregation Analysis. Slym1 was up-regulated in the mutant and Slym1 was located in the nucleus. The genes associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll synthesis were down-regulated in Slym1-OE transgenic tomato plants. The results suggested that Slym1 negatively regulate photosynthesis. Photosynthetic pigment synthesis related genes HEMA, HEMB1, CHLG and CAO were up-regulated in Slym1 silencing plants. The redundant Slym1 binding the intermediate proteins MP resulting in hindering the interaction between MP and HY5 due to the Slym1 with a high expression level in ym mutant, lead to lots of the HY5 with unbound state accumulates in cells, that could accelerate the decomposition of chlorophyll. Therefore, the yellow leaf-color mutant ym could be used as an ideal material for further exploring the relationship between leaf color mutant and photosynthesis and the specific mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhen Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Fanyue Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Fulei Mo
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Haonan Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Peiwen Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Jiayin Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China; College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Hossein Ghanizadeh
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - He Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
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10
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Gao DM, Zhang ZJ, Qiao JH, Gao Q, Zang Y, Xu WY, Xie L, Fang XD, Ding ZH, Yang YZ, Wang Y, Wang XB. A rhabdovirus accessory protein inhibits jasmonic acid signaling in plants to attract insect vectors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1349-1364. [PMID: 35771641 PMCID: PMC9516739 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant rhabdoviruses heavily rely on insect vectors for transmission between sessile plants. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of insect attraction and transmission of plant rhabdoviruses. In this study, we used an arthropod-borne cytorhabdovirus, Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), to demonstrate the molecular mechanisms of a rhabdovirus accessory protein in improving plant attractiveness to insect vectors. Here, we found that BYSMV-infected barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants attracted more insect vectors than mock-treated plants. Interestingly, overexpression of BYSMV P6, an accessory protein, in transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants substantially increased host attractiveness to insect vectors through inhibiting the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. The BYSMV P6 protein interacted with the constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 signalosome subunit 5 (CSN5) of barley plants in vivo and in vitro, and negatively affected CSN5-mediated deRUBylation of cullin1 (CUL1). Consequently, the defective CUL1-based Skp1/Cullin1/F-box ubiquitin E3 ligases could not mediate degradation of jasmonate ZIM-domain proteins, resulting in compromised JA signaling and increased insect attraction. Overexpression of BYSMV P6 also inhibited JA signaling in transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants to attract insects. Our results provide insight into how a plant cytorhabdovirus subverts plant JA signaling to attract insect vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ji-Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen-Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhi-Hang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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11
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Complete genome sequence of a putative novel cytorhabdovirus isolated from Rudbeckia sp. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2381-2385. [PMID: 35920980 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Through high-throughput RNA sequencing, we discovered a putative new cytorhabdovirus in the seeds of Rudbeckia sp., which we have tentatively named "rudbeckia virus 1" (RudV1). Its complete 12,502-nt genomic sequence contains five open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1 (putative nucleocapsid protein, N), ORF2 (putative phosphoprotein, P), ORF3 (putative cell-to-cell movement protein, P3), ORF4 (putative matrix protein, M), and ORF5 (putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, L). BLASTp searches showed that ORF1, ORF3, ORF4, and ORF5 of RudV1 are most closely related to the corresponding proteins of Tagetes erecta virus 1 (a putative member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus) with 33.87% (88% query coverage), 55.98% (89% query coverage), 35.33% (94% query coverage), and 57.75% (98% query coverage) sequence identity at the amino acid level, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise comparisons indicated that RudV1 is a novel member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus within the family Rhabdoviridae.
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12
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Ding ZH, Gao Q, Tong X, Xu WY, Ma L, Zhang ZJ, Wang Y, Wang XB. MAPKs trigger antiviral immunity by directly phosphorylating a rhabdovirus nucleoprotein in plants and insect vectors. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3110-3127. [PMID: 35567529 PMCID: PMC9338794 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Signaling by the evolutionarily conserved mitogen-activated protein kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) plays critical roles in converting extracellular stimuli into immune responses. However, whether MAPK/ERK signaling induces virus immunity by directly phosphorylating viral effectors remains largely unknown. Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) is an economically important plant cytorhabdovirus that is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a propagative manner. Here, we found that the barley (Hordeum vulgare) MAPK MPK3 (HvMPK3) and the planthopper ERK (LsERK) proteins interact with the BYSMV nucleoprotein (N) and directly phosphorylate N protein primarily on serine 290. The overexpression of HvMPK3 inhibited BYSMV infection, whereas barley plants treated with the MAPK pathway inhibitor U0126 displayed greater susceptibility to BYSMV. Moreover, knockdown of LsERK promoted virus infection in SBPHs. A phosphomimetic mutant of the N Ser290 (S290D) completely abolished virus infection because of impaired self-interaction of BYSMV N and formation of unstable N-RNA complexes. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the conserved MAPK and ERK directly phosphorylate the viral nucleoprotein to trigger immunity against cross-kingdom infection of BYSMV in host plants and its insect vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen-Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lulu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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13
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Zhuang X, Guo X, Gu T, Xu X, Qin L, Xu K, He Z, Zhang K. Phosphorylation of plant virus proteins: Analysis methods and biological functions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:935735. [PMID: 35958157 PMCID: PMC9360750 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.935735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation is one of the most extensively investigated post-translational modifications that orchestrate a variety of cellular signal transduction processes. The phosphorylation of virus-encoded proteins plays an important regulatory role in the infection cycle of such viruses in plants. In recent years, molecular mechanisms underlying the phosphorylation of plant viral proteins have been widely studied. Based on recent publications, our study summarizes the phosphorylation analyses of plant viral proteins and categorizes their effects on biological functions according to the viral life cycle. This review provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of viral infection. Furthermore, it deepens our understanding of the biological functions of phosphorylation in the interactions between plants and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Zhuang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxiao Gu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lang Qin
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Kun Zhang, ;
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14
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Fang X, Qiao J, Zang Y, Gao Q, Xu W, Gao D, Yang Y, Xie L, Wang Y, Wang X. Developing reverse genetics systems of northern cereal mosaic virus to reveal superinfection exclusion of two cytorhabdoviruses in barley plants. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:749-756. [PMID: 35124878 PMCID: PMC8995060 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, reverse genetics systems of plant negative-stranded RNA (NSR) viruses have been developed to study virus-host interactions. Nonetheless, genetic rescue of plant NSR viruses in both insect vectors and monocot plants is very limited. Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV), a plant cytorhabdovirus, causes severe diseases in cereal plants through transmission by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a propagative manner. In this study, we first developed a minireplicon system of NCMV in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, and then recovered a recombinant NCMV virus (rNCMV-RFP), with a red fluorescent protein (RFP) insertion, in SBPHs and barley plants. We further used rNCMV-RFP and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged barley yellow striate mosaic virus (rBYSMV-GFP), a closely related cytorhabdovirus, to study superinfection exclusion, a widely observed phenomenon in dicot plants rarely studied in monocot plants. Interestingly, cellular superinfection exclusion of rBYSMV-GFP and rNCMV-RFP was observed in barley leaves. Our results demonstrate that two insect-transmitted cytorhabdoviruses are enemies rather than friends at the cellular level during coinfections in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ji‐Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ying Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wen‐Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Dong‐Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yi‐Zhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xian‐Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐BiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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15
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Fang XD, Gao Q, Zang Y, Qiao JH, Gao DM, Xu WY, Wang Y, Li D, Wang XB. Host casein kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation modulates phase separation of a rhabdovirus phosphoprotein and virus infection. eLife 2022; 11:74884. [PMID: 35191833 PMCID: PMC8887900 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) plays important roles in forming cellular membraneless organelles. However, how host factors regulate LLPS of viral proteins during negative-sense RNA (NSR) virus infection is largely unknown. Here, we used barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) as a model to demonstrate regulation of host casein kinase 1 (CK1) in phase separation and infection of NSR viruses. We first found that the BYSMV phosphoprotein (P) formed spherical granules with liquid properties and recruited viral nucleotide (N) and polymerase (L) proteins in vivo. Moreover, the P-formed granules were tethered to the ER/actin network for trafficking and fusion. BYSMV P alone formed droplets and incorporated the N protein and the 5′ trailer of genomic RNA in vitro. Interestingly, phase separation of BYSMV P was inhibited by host CK1-dependent phosphorylation of an intrinsically disordered P protein region. Genetic assays demonstrated that the unphosphorylated mutant of BYSMV P exhibited condensed phase, which promoted viroplasm formation and virus replication. Whereas, the phosphorylation-mimic mutant existed in diffuse phase state for virus transcription. Collectively, our results demonstrate that host CK1 modulates phase separation of the viral P protein and virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Fang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Hui Qiao
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Min Gao
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ya Xu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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16
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Qiao JH, Gao Q, Zang Y, Fang XD, Wang XB. A Versatile Expression Platform in Insects and Cereals Based on a Cytorhabdovirus. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2400:163-170. [PMID: 34905200 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1835-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, plant virus-based vectors have been widely applied to express heterologous proteins for genomic studies and commercial production. Among these versatile RNA viral vectors, the barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV)-based expression vector system has outstanding capability to express large and multiple heterologous proteins. Here we describe a detailed protocol for expression of heterologous proteins using BYSMV expression systems in monocot plants and insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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17
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Xu WY, Fang XD, Cao Q, Gao Q, Gao DM, Qiao JH, Zang Y, Xie L, Ding ZH, Yang YZ, Wang Y, Wang XB. A cytorhabdovirus-based expression vector in Nilaparvata lugens, Laodelphax striatellus, and Sogatella furcifera. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 140:103703. [PMID: 34933088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus), and the white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) are problematic insect pests and cause severe yield losses through phloem sap-sucking and virus transmission. Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), a plant cytorhabdovirus, has been developed as versatile expression platforms in SBPHs and cereal plants. However, bio-safe overexpression vectors based on recombinant BYSMV (rBYSMV) remain to be developed and applied to the three kinds of planthoppers. Here, we found that rBYSMV was able to infect SBPHs, BPHs and WBPHs through microinjection with crude extracts from rBYSMV-infected barley leaves. To ensure bio-safety of the rBYSMV vectors, we generated an rBYSMV mutant by deleting the accessory protein P3, a putative viral movement protein. As expected, the resulting mutant abolished viral systemic infection in barley plants but had no effects on BYSMV infectivity in insect vectors. Subsequently, we used the modified rBYSMV vector to overexpress iron transport peptide (ITP) in the three kinds of planthoppers and revealed the potential functions of ITP. Overall, our results provide bio-safe overexpression platforms to facilitate functional genomics studies of planthoppers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dong-Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ji-Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhi-Hang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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18
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Wang Y, Wang G, Bai J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wen S, Li L, Yang Z, Hong N. A novel Actinidia cytorhabdovirus characterized using genomic and viral protein interaction features. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:1271-1287. [PMID: 34288324 PMCID: PMC8435229 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel cytorhabdovirus, tentatively named Actinidia virus D (AcVD), was identified from kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) in China using high-throughput sequencing technology. The genome of AcVD consists of 13,589 nucleotides and is organized into seven open reading frames (ORFs) in its antisense strand, coding for proteins in the order N-P-P3-M-G-P6-L. The ORFs were flanked by a 3' leader sequence and a 5' trailer sequence and are separated by conserved intergenic junctions. The genome sequence of AcVD was 44.6%-51.5% identical to those of reported cytorhabdoviruses. The proteins encoded by AcVD shared the highest sequence identities, ranging from 27.3% (P6) to 44.5% (L), with the respective proteins encoded by reported cytorhabdoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that AcVD clustered together with the cytorhabdovirus Wuhan insect virus 4. The subcellular locations of the viral proteins N, P, P3, M, G, and P6 in epidermal cells of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves were determined. The M protein of AcVD uniquely formed filament structures and was associated with microtubules. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays showed that three proteins, N, P, and M, self-interact, protein N plays a role in the formation of cytoplasm viroplasm, and protein M recruits N, P, P3, and G to microtubules. In addition, numerous paired proteins interact in the nucleus. This study presents the first evidence of a cytorhabdovirus infecting kiwifruit plants and full location and interaction maps to gain insight into viral protein functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of AgricultureHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Guoping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of AgricultureHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jianyu Bai
- Laboratory of Fruit Trees DiseaseInstitute of Economic ForestryXinjiang Academy of Forestry SciencesUrumqiChina
| | - Yongle Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shaohua Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Liu Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zuokun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ni Hong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology and Germplasm Creation of the Ministry of AgricultureHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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19
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Wang Z, Chen B, Zhang T, Zhou G, Yang X. Rice Stripe Mosaic Disease: Characteristics and Control Strategies. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:715223. [PMID: 34394065 PMCID: PMC8358444 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.715223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice stripe mosaic disease (RSMD) is caused by the rice stripe mosaic virus (RSMV; genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae). In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding several aspects of the disease, especially its geographical distribution, symptoms, vectors, gene functions, and control measures. Since RSMD was first detected in southern China in 2015, it has been found in more and more rice growing areas and has become one of the most important rice diseases in southern China. RSMV is transmitted by the leafhopper Recilia dorsalis in a persistent-propagative manner, inducing yellow stripes, a slight distortion of leaves, increased tillers, and empty grains in rice plants. The virus has a negative-sense single-strand RNA genome of about 12.7 kb that encodes seven proteins: N, P, P3, M, G, P6, and L. Several molecular and serological tests have been developed to detect RSMV in plants and insects. The disease cycle can be described as follows: RSMV and its vector overwinter in infected plants; viruliferous R. dorsalis adults transmit the virus to spring rice and lay eggs on the infected seedlings; the next generation of R. dorsalis propagate on infected seedlings, become viruliferous, disperse, and cause new disease outbreaks. Control measures include monitoring and accurate forecasting, selecting disease-resistant varieties, improving cultivation systems, covering rice seedling nurseries with insect-proof nets, and using pesticides rationally. Inappropriate cultivation systems, pesticide overuse, and climatic conditions contribute to epidemics by affecting the development of vector insects and their population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohui Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Chai LX, Dong K, Liu SY, Zhang Z, Zhang XP, Tong X, Zhu FF, Zou JZ, Wang XB. A putative nuclear copper chaperone promotes plant immunity in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6684-6696. [PMID: 32865553 PMCID: PMC7586746 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper is essential for many metabolic processes but must be sequestrated by copper chaperones. It is well known that plant copper chaperones regulate various physiological processes. However, the functions of copper chaperones in the plant nucleus remain largely unknown. Here, we identified a putative copper chaperone induced by pathogens (CCP) in Arabidopsis thaliana. CCP harbors a classical MXCXXC copper-binding site (CBS) at its N-terminus and a nuclear localization signal (NLS) at its C-terminus. CCP mainly formed nuclear speckles in the plant nucleus, which requires the NLS and CBS domains. Overexpression of CCP induced PR1 expression and enhanced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 compared with Col-0 plants. Conversely, two CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ccp mutants were impaired in plant immunity. Further biochemical analyses revealed that CCP interacted with the transcription factor TGA2 in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, CCP recruits TGA2 to the PR1 promoter sequences in vivo, which induces defense gene expression and plant immunity. Collectively, our results have identified a putative nuclear copper chaperone required for plant immunity and provided evidence for a potential function of copper in the salicylic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Xiang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kai Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Song-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fei-Fan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing-Ze Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Identification of Viruses and Viroids Infecting Tomato and Pepper Plants in Vietnam by Metatranscriptomics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207565. [PMID: 33066322 PMCID: PMC7593927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants belonging to the family Solanaceae are cultivated worldwide. The rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology facilitates the identification of viruses and viroids infecting plants. In this study, we carried out metatranscriptomics using RNA sequencing followed by bioinformatics analyses to identify viruses and viroids infecting tomato and pepper plants in Vietnam. We prepared a total of 16 libraries, including eight tomato and eight pepper libraries derived from different geographical regions in Vietnam. We identified a total of 602 virus-associated contigs, which were assigned to 18 different virus species belonging to nine different viral genera. We identified 13 different viruses and two viroids infecting tomato plants and 12 viruses and two viroids infecting pepper plants with viruses as dominantly observed pathogens. Our results showed that multiple infection of different viral pathogens was common in both plants. Moreover, geographical region and host plant were two major factors to determine viral populations. Taken together, our results provide the comprehensive overview of viral pathogens infecting two important plants in the family Solanaceae grown in Vietnam.
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22
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Bejerman N, Debat H, Dietzgen RG. The Plant Negative-Sense RNA Virosphere: Virus Discovery Through New Eyes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:588427. [PMID: 33042103 PMCID: PMC7524893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.588427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) for virus diagnostics, as well as the importance of this technology as a valuable tool for discovery of novel viruses has been extensively investigated. In this review, we consider the application of HTS approaches to uncover novel plant viruses with a focus on the negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virosphere. Plant viruses with negative-sense and ambisense RNA (NSR) genomes belong to several taxonomic families, including Rhabdoviridae, Aspiviridae, Fimoviridae, Tospoviridae, and Phenuiviridae. They include both emergent pathogens that infect a wide range of plant species, and potential endophytes which appear not to induce any visible symptoms. As a consequence of biased sampling based on a narrow focus on crops with disease symptoms, the number of NSR plant viruses identified so far represents only a fraction of this type of viruses present in the virosphere. Detection and molecular characterization of NSR viruses has often been challenging, but the widespread implementation of HTS has facilitated not only the identification but also the characterization of the genomic sequences of at least 70 NSR plant viruses in the last 7 years. Moreover, continuing advances in HTS technologies and bioinformatic pipelines, concomitant with a significant cost reduction has led to its use as a routine method of choice, supporting the foundations of a diverse array of novel applications such as quarantine analysis of traded plant materials and genetic resources, virus detection in insect vectors, analysis of virus communities in individual plants, and assessment of virus evolution through ecogenomics, among others. The insights from these advancements are shedding new light on the extensive diversity of NSR plant viruses and their complex evolution, and provide an essential framework for improved taxonomic classification of plant NSR viruses as part of the realm Riboviria. Thus, HTS-based methods for virus discovery, our ‘new eyes,’ are unraveling in real time the richness and magnitude of the plant RNA virosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Bejerman
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal - Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Córdoba, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Humberto Debat
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal - Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Córdoba, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ralf G Dietzgen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
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23
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Millet Could Be both a Weed and Serve as a Virus Reservoir in Crop Fields. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9080954. [PMID: 32731617 PMCID: PMC7463774 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Millet is a dangerous weed in crop fields. A lack of seed dormancy helps it to spread easily and be present in maize, wheat, and other crop fields. Our previous report revealed the possibility that millet can also play a role as a virus reservoir. In that study, we focused on visual symptoms and detected the presence of several viruses in millet using serological methods, which can only detect the presence of the investigated pathogen. In this current work, we used small RNA high-throughput sequencing as an unbiased virus diagnostic method to uncover presenting viruses in randomly sampled millet grown as a volunteer weed in two maize fields, showing stunting, chlorosis, and striped leaves. Our results confirmed the widespread presence of wheat streak mosaic virus at both locations. Moreover, barley yellow striate mosaic virus and barley virus G, neither of which had been previously described in Hungary, were also identified. As these viruses can cause severe diseases in wheat and other cereals, their presence in a weed implies a potential infection risk. Our study indicates that the presence of millet in fields requires special control to prevent the emergence of new viral diseases in crop fields.
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24
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Liu Y, Khine MO, Zhang P, Fu Y, Wang X. Incidence and Distribution of Insect-Transmitted Cereal Viruses in Wheat in China from 2007 to 2019. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:1407-1414. [PMID: 32150505 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-19-2323-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Diseases caused by insect-transmitted viruses are the predominant constraint to wheat production worldwide. However, detailed knowledge of virus incidence and dynamics in China in recent years is very limited. Here, major wheat-growing regions of China were surveyed over 10 years for insect-transmitted viruses, and 2,143 samples were collected (in 2007 to 2015) and analyzed by molecular hybridization or multiplex reverse-transcription PCR for barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs: BYDV-GAV, -GPV, and -PAV) and wheat dwarf virus (WDV). In a 4-year survey (2016 to 2019), the incidence of eight insect-transmitted viruses (BYDVs, WDV, wheat yellow striate virus [WYSV], barley yellow striate mosaic virus [BYSMV], northern cereal mosaic virus [NCMV], and rice black-streaked dwarf virus [RBSDV]) was investigated, and BYDVs and WDV were widely distributed across China. BYDV-GAV (29.0% of the tested sample) was the most abundant, followed by BYDV-PAV (23.2%) from 2007 to 2015. From 2016 to 2019, however, BYDV-PAV had become the predominant species (39.5% positive of 952 samples tested), while the incidence of BYDV-GAV (13.4%) had declined. During the entire survey, the incidence of BYDV-GPV was very low in some locations in northwestern and northern China, and all eight viruses caused only local epidemics, not large-scale outbreaks throughout China. Two new cereal-infecting rhabdoviruses, leafhopper-transmitted WYSV and planthopper-transmitted BYSMV, were also found in China in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - May Oo Khine
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Langfang Normal University, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Yumei Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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25
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Bejerman N, Acevedo RM, de Breuil S, Ruiz OA, Sansberro P, Dietzgen RG, Nome C, Debat H. Molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus with a unique genomic organization infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Argentina. Arch Virol 2020; 165:1475-1479. [PMID: 32246285 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04609-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The genome of a novel rhabdovirus was detected in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.). The newly identified virus, tentatively named "yerba mate virus A" (YmVA), has a genome of 14,961 nucleotides. Notably, eight open reading frames were identified in the antigenomic orientation of the negative-sense, single-stranded viral RNA, including two novel accessory genes, in the order 3'-N-P-3-4-M-G-L-8-5'. Sequence comparisons of the encoded proteins as well as phylogenetic analysis suggest that YmVA is a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae. YmVA's unique genomic organization and phylogenetic relationships indicate that this virus likely represents a distinct evolutionary lineage among the cytorhabdoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Bejerman
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE-CIAP-INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Raúl Maximiliano Acevedo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada y Genómica Funcional. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, W3402BKG, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Soledad de Breuil
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE-CIAP-INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar A Ruiz
- INTECH (UNSAM-CONICET), Unidad de Biotecnología 1, B7130IWA, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Pedro Sansberro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada y Genómica Funcional. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, W3402BKG, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Ralf G Dietzgen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Claudia Nome
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE-CIAP-INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Humberto Debat
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE-CIAP-INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, (X5020ICA), Córdoba, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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26
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Zhang ZJ, Gao Q, Fang XD, Ding ZH, Gao DM, Xu WY, Cao Q, Qiao JH, Yang YZ, Han C, Wang Y, Yuan X, Li D, Wang XB. CCR4, a RNA decay factor, is hijacked by a plant cytorhabdovirus phosphoprotein to facilitate virus replication. eLife 2020; 9:53753. [PMID: 32207684 PMCID: PMC7105381 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon catabolite repression 4 (CCR4) is a conserved mRNA deadenylase regulating posttranscriptional gene expression. However, regulation of CCR4 in virus infections is less understood. Here, we characterized a pro-viral role of CCR4 in replication of a plant cytorhabdovirus, Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV). The barley (Hordeum vulgare) CCR4 protein (HvCCR4) was identified to interact with the BYSMV phosphoprotein (P). The BYSMV P protein recruited HvCCR4 from processing bodies (PBs) into viroplasm-like bodies. Overexpression of HvCCR4 promoted BYSMV replication in plants. Conversely, knockdown of the small brown planthopper CCR4 inhibited viral accumulation in the insect vector. Biochemistry experiments revealed that HvCCR4 was recruited into N–RNA complexes by the BYSMV P protein and triggered turnover of N-bound cellular mRNAs, thereby releasing RNA-free N protein to bind viral genomic RNA for optimal viral replication. Our results demonstrate that the co-opted CCR4-mediated RNA decay facilitates cytorhabdovirus replication in plants and insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenggui Han
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Yuan
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Tai'an, China
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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27
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German TL, Lorenzen MD, Grubbs N, Whitfield AE. New Technologies for Studying Negative-Strand RNA Viruses in Plant and Arthropod Hosts. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:382-393. [PMID: 31914364 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-19-0281-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The plant viruses in the phylum Negarnaviricota, orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales, have common features of single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genomes and replication in the biological vector. Due to the similarities in biology, comparative functional analysis in plant and vector hosts is helpful for understanding host-virus interactions for negative-strand RNA viruses. In this review, we will highlight recent technological advances that are breaking new ground in the study of these recalcitrant virus systems. The development of infectious clones for plant rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses is enabling unprecedented examination of gene function in plants and these advances are also being transferred to study virus biology in the vector. In addition, genome and transcriptome projects for critical nonmodel arthropods has enabled characterization of insect response to viruses and identification of interacting proteins. Functional analysis of genes using genome editing will provide future pathways for further study of the transmission cycle and new control strategies for these viruses and their vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L German
- Departments of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A
| | - Marcé D Lorenzen
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A
| | - Nathaniel Grubbs
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A
| | - Anna E Whitfield
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A
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28
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Golyaev V, Candresse T, Rabenstein F, Pooggin MM. Plant virome reconstruction and antiviral RNAi characterization by deep sequencing of small RNAs from dried leaves. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19268. [PMID: 31848375 PMCID: PMC6917709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, RNA interference (RNAi) generates small interfering (si)RNAs from entire genomes of viruses, satellites and viroids. Therefore, deep small (s)RNA sequencing is a universal approach for virome reconstruction and RNAi characterization. We tested this approach on dried barley leaves from field surveys. Illumina sequencing of sRNAs from 2 plant samples identified in both plants Hordeum vulgare endornavirus (HvEV) and barley yellow mosaic bymovirus (BaYMV) and, additionally in one plant, a novel strain of Japanese soil-borne wheat mosaic furovirus (JSBWMV). De novo and reference-based sRNA assembly yielded complete or near-complete genomic RNAs of these viruses. While plant sRNAs showed broad size distribution, viral sRNAs were predominantly 21 and 22 nucleotides long with 5′-terminal uridine or adenine, and were derived from both genomic strands. These bona fide siRNAs are presumably processed from double-stranded RNA precursors by Dicer-like (DCL) 4 and DCL2, respectively, and associated with Argonaute 1 and 2 proteins. For BaYMV (but not HvEV, or JSBWMV), 24-nucleotide sRNAs represented the third most abundant class, suggesting DCL3 contribution to anti-bymovirus defence. Thus, viral siRNAs are well preserved in dried leaf tissues and not contaminated by non-RNAi degradation products, enabling both complete virome reconstruction and inference of RNAi components mediating antiviral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Golyaev
- BGPI, INRA Centre Occitanie, CIRAD, SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34984, France
| | - Thierry Candresse
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, CS20032, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, 33882, France
| | - Frank Rabenstein
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Erwin-Baur-Straße 27, Quedlinburg, 06484, Germany
| | - Mikhail M Pooggin
- BGPI, INRA Centre Occitanie, CIRAD, SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34984, France.
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29
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Gao Q, Xu WY, Yan T, Fang XD, Cao Q, Zhang ZJ, Ding ZH, Wang Y, Wang XB. Rescue of a plant cytorhabdovirus as versatile expression platforms for planthopper and cereal genomic studies. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:2120-2133. [PMID: 31059138 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant viruses have been used as rapid and cost-effective expression vectors for heterologous protein expression in genomic studies. However, delivering large or multiple foreign proteins in monocots and insect pests is challenging. Here, we recovered a recombinant plant cytorhabdovirus, Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), for use as a versatile expression platform in cereals and the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) insect vector. We engineered BYSMV vectors to provide versatile expression platforms for simultaneous expression of three foreign proteins in barley plants and SBPHs. Moreover, BYSMV vectors could express the c. 600-amino-acid β-glucuronidase (GUS) protein and a red fluorescent protein stably in systemically infected leaves and roots of cereals, including wheat, barley, foxtail millet, and maize plants. Moreover, we have demonstrated that BYSMV vectors can be used in barley to analyze biological functions of gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis genes. In a major technical advance, BYSMV vectors were developed for simultaneous delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease and single guide RNAs for genomic editing in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Taken together, our results provide considerable potential for rapid screening of functional proteins in cereals and planthoppers, and an efficient approach for developing other insect-transmitted negative-strand RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wen-Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Teng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhi-Hang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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30
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Fang XD, Yan T, Gao Q, Cao Q, Gao DM, Xu WY, Zhang ZJ, Ding ZH, Wang XB. A cytorhabdovirus phosphoprotein forms mobile inclusions trafficked on the actin/ER network for viral RNA synthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4049-4062. [PMID: 31020313 PMCID: PMC6685698 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
As obligate parasites, plant viruses usually hijack host cytoskeletons for replication and movement. Rhabdoviruses are enveloped, negative-stranded RNA viruses that infect vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants, but the mechanisms of intracellular trafficking of plant rhabdovirus proteins are largely unknown. Here, we used Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), a plant cytorhabdovirus, as a model to investigate the effects of the actin cytoskeleton on viral intracellular movement and viral RNA synthesis in a mini-replicon (MR) system. The BYSMV P protein forms mobile inclusion bodies that are trafficked along the actin/endoplasmic reticulum network, and recruit the N and L proteins into viroplasm-like structures. Deletion analysis showed that the N terminal region (aa 43-55) and the remaining region (aa 56-295) of BYSMV P are essential for the mobility and formation of inclusions, respectively. Overexpression of myosin XI-K tails completely abolishes the trafficking activity of P bodies, and is accompanied by a significant reduction of viral MR RNA synthesis. These results suggest that BYSMV P contributes to the formation and trafficking of viroplasm-like structures along the ER/actin network driven by myosin XI-K. Thus, rhabdovirus P appears to be a dynamic hub protein for efficient recruitment of viral proteins, thereby promoting viral RNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Teng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence:
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Lineage-Specific Evolved MicroRNAs Regulating NB-LRR Defense Genes in Triticeae. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133128. [PMID: 31248042 PMCID: PMC6651130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease resistance genes encoding proteins with nucleotide binding sites and Leucine-Rich Repeat (NB-LRR) domains include many members involved in the effector-triggered immunity pathway in plants. The transcript levels of these defense genes are negatively regulated by diverse microRNAs (miRNAs) in angiosperms and gymnosperms. In wheat, using small RNA expression datasets and degradome datasets, we identified five miRNA families targeting NB-LRR defense genes in monocots, some of which arose in the Triticeae species era. These miRNAs regulate different types of NB-LRR genes, most of them with coil-coiled domains, and trigger the generation of secondary small interfering RNAs (siRNA) as a phased pattern in the target site regions. In addition to acting in response to biotic stresses, they are also responsive to abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, salt, and light stress. Their copy number and expression variation in Triticeae suggest a rapid birth and death frequency. Altogether, non-conserved miRNAs as conserved transcriptional regulators in gymnosperms and angiosperms regulating the disease resistance genes displayed quick plasticity including the variations of sequences, gene copy number, functions, and expression level, which accompanied with NB-LRR genes may be tune-regulated to plants in natural environments with various biotic and abiotic stresses.
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32
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Dietzgen RG, Higgins CM. Complete genome sequence of maize sterile stunt virus. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1221-1223. [PMID: 30799508 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Based on serology, cytopathology, cereal host range and leafhopper vector, maize sterile stunt virus (MSSV) has been regarded as a strain of the cytorhabdovirus barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV). Here, we report the first-ever sequence of MSSV, comprising the complete genome of 12,561 nucleotides. Detailed analysis of genome organization, coding and non-coding sequences, and phylogeny confirms the close relationship to BYSMV and supports classification of this virus a strain of BYSMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf G Dietzgen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | - Colleen M Higgins
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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Pooggin MM. Small RNA-Omics for Plant Virus Identification, Virome Reconstruction, and Antiviral Defense Characterization. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2779. [PMID: 30524398 PMCID: PMC6256188 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based antiviral defense generates small interfering RNAs that represent the entire genome sequences of both RNA and DNA viruses as well as viroids and viral satellites. Therefore, deep sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of small RNA population (small RNA-ome) allows not only for universal virus detection and genome reconstruction but also for complete virome reconstruction in mixed infections. Viral infections (like other stress factors) can also perturb the RNAi and gene silencing pathways regulating endogenous gene expression and repressing transposons and host genome-integrated endogenous viral elements which can potentially be released from the genome and contribute to disease. This review describes the application of small RNA-omics for virus detection, virome reconstruction and antiviral defense characterization in cultivated and non-cultivated plants. Reviewing available evidence from a large and ever growing number of studies of naturally or experimentally infected hosts revealed that all families of land plant viruses, their satellites and viroids spawn characteristic small RNAs which can be assembled into contigs of sufficient length for virus, satellite or viroid identification and for exhaustive reconstruction of complex viromes. Moreover, the small RNA size, polarity and hotspot profiles reflect virome interactions with the plant RNAi machinery and allow to distinguish between silent endogenous viral elements and their replicating episomal counterparts. Models for the biogenesis and functions of small interfering RNAs derived from all types of RNA and DNA viruses, satellites and viroids as well as endogenous viral elements are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail M. Pooggin
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR BGPI, Montpellier, France
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34
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Jo Y, Bae JY, Kim SM, Choi H, Lee BC, Cho WK. Barley RNA viromes in six different geographical regions in Korea. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13237. [PMID: 30185900 PMCID: PMC6125401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31671-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Barley is a kind of cereal grass belonging to the family Poaceae. To examine viruses infecting winter barley in Korea, we carried out a comprehensive study of barley RNA viromes using next-generation sequencing (NGS). A total of 110 barley leaf samples from 17 geographical locations were collected. NGS followed by extensive bioinformatics analyses revealed six different barley viromes: Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV), Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV), Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Hordeum vulgare endornavirus (HvEV), and Barley virus G (BVG). BaYMV and HvEV were identified in all libraries, while other viruses were identified in some specific library. Based on the number of virus-associated reads, BaYMV was a dominant virus infecting winter barley in Korea causing yellow disease symptoms. We obtained nearly complete genomes of six BaYMV isolates and two BaMMV isolates. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that BaYMV and BaMMV were largely grouped based on geographical regions such as Asia and Europe. Single nucleotide polymorphisms analyses suggested that most BaYMV and BaMMV showed strong genetic variations; however, BaYMV isolate Jeonju and BaMMV isolate Gunsan exhibited a few and no SNPs, respectively, suggesting low level of genetic variation. Taken together, this is the first study of barley RNA viromes in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonhwa Jo
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Bae
- Crop Foundation Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Kim
- Crop Foundation Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoseong Choi
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Choon Lee
- Crop Foundation Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Kyong Cho
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Cao Q, Xu WY, Gao Q, Jiang ZH, Liu SY, Fang XD, Gao DM, Wang Y, Wang XB. Transmission Characteristics of Barley Yellow Striate Mosaic Virus in Its Planthopper Vector Laodelphax striatellus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1419. [PMID: 30008708 PMCID: PMC6034074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The most economically important plant viruses are specifically transmitted by phytophagous insects that significantly affect viral epidemiology. Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), a member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent-propagative manner. However, the infection route of BYSMV in SBPHs is poorly understood. In this study, immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy (iCLSM) was performed to investigate the route of BYSMV in SBPHs. We unexpectedly found that BYSMV initially infected the hindgut epithelium of SBPHs, instead of the midgut epithelium initially infected by other persistent-propagative viruses. Subsequently, BYSMV disseminated to the hindgut visceral muscles and spread to other parts of alimentary canals, hemolymph, and salivary glands. Comparative analysis of gene expression on viral mRNAs and the BYSMV nucleoprotein by using different molecular detection and immunohistochemistry further demonstrated that BYSMV initially infected and replicated in the hindgut epithelial cells of SBPHs. Collectively, our study provides the first insight into that hindgut is initial infection site of BYSMV that represents a new dissemination route of persistent-propagative viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Song-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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36
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Liu Y, Du Z, Wang H, Zhang S, Cao M, Wang X. Identification and Characterization of Wheat Yellow Striate Virus, a Novel Leafhopper-Transmitted Nucleorhabdovirus Infecting Wheat. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:468. [PMID: 29593700 PMCID: PMC5861215 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A new wheat viral disease was found in China. Bullet-shaped viral particles within the nucleus of the infected wheat leave cells, which possessed 180-210 nm length and 35-40 nm width, were observed under transmission electron microscopy. A putative wheat-infecting rhabdovirus vectored by the leafhopper Psammotettix alienus was identified and tentatively named wheat yellow striate virus (WYSV). The full-length nucleotide sequence of WYSV was determined using transcriptome sequencing and RACE analysis of both wheat samples and leafhoppers P. alienus. The negative-sense RNA genome of WYSV contains 14,486 nucleotides (nt) and seven open reading frames (ORFs) encode deduced proteins in the order N-P-P3-M-P6-G-L on the antisense strand. In addition, WYSV genome has a 76-nt 3' leader RNA and a 258-nt 5' trailer, and the ORFs are separated by conserved intergenic sequences. The entire genome sequence shares 58.1 and 57.7% nucleotide sequence identity with two strains of rice yellow stunt virus (RYSV-A and RYSV-B) genomes, respectively. The highest amino acid sequence identity was 63.8% between the L proteins of the WYSV and RYSV-B, but the lowest was 29.5% between the P6 proteins of these viruses. Phylogenetic analysis firmly established WYSV as a new member of the genus Nucleorhabdovirus. Collectively, this study provided evidence that WYSV is likely the first nucleorhabdovirus described infecting wheat via leafhopper P. alienus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Du
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Song Zhang
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengji Cao
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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37
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Complete genome sequence of maize yellow striate virus, a new cytorhabdovirus infecting maize and wheat crops in Argentina. Arch Virol 2017; 163:291-295. [PMID: 29052058 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3579-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A rhabdovirus infecting maize and wheat crops in Argentina was molecularly characterized. Through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of symptomatic leaf samples, the complete genome was obtained of two isolates of maize yellow striate virus (MYSV), a putative new rhabdovirus, differing by only 0.4% at the nucleotide level. The MYSV genome consists of 12,654 nucleotides for maize and wheat virus isolates, and shares 71% nucleotide sequence identity with the complete genome of barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV, NC028244). Ten open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted in the MYSV genome from the antigenomic strand and were compared with their BYSMV counterparts. The highest amino acid sequence identity of the MYSV and BYSMV proteins was 80% between the L proteins, and the lowest was 37% between the proteins 4. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the MYSV isolates are new members of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae. Yellow striate, affecting maize and wheat crops in Argentina, is an emergent disease that presents a potential economic risk for these widely distributed crops.
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38
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Zhang XP, Liu DS, Yan T, Fang XD, Dong K, Xu J, Wang Y, Yu JL, Wang XB. Cucumber mosaic virus coat protein modulates the accumulation of 2b protein and antiviral silencing that causes symptom recovery in planta. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006522. [PMID: 28727810 PMCID: PMC5538744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Shoot apical meristems (SAM) are resistant to most plant viruses due to RNA silencing, which is restrained by viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) to facilitate transient viral invasion of the SAM. In many cases chronic symptoms and long-term virus recovery occur, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we found that wild-type Cucumber mosaic virus (CMVWT) invaded the SAM transiently, but was subsequently eliminated from the meristems. Unexpectedly, a CMV mutant, designated CMVRA that harbors an alanine substitution in the N-terminal arginine-rich region of the coat protein (CP) persistently invaded the SAM and resulted in visible reductions in apical dominance. Notably, the CMVWT virus elicited more potent antiviral silencing than CMVRA in newly emerging leaves of infected plants. However, both viruses caused severe symptoms with minimal antiviral silencing effects in the Arabidopsis mutants lacking host RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 6 (RDR6) or SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING 3 (SGS3), indicating that CMVWT induced host RDR6/SGS3-dependent antiviral silencing. We also showed that reduced accumulation of the 2b protein is elicited in the CMVWT infection and consequently rescues potent antiviral RNA silencing. Indeed, co-infiltration assays showed that the suppression of posttranscriptional gene silencing mediated by 2b is more severely compromised by co-expression of CPWT than by CPRA. We further demonstrated that CPWT had high RNA binding activity leading to translation inhibition in wheat germ systems, and CPWT was associated with SGS3 into punctate granules in vivo. Thus, we propose that the RNAs bound and protected by CPWT possibly serve as templates of RDR6/SGS3 complexes for siRNA amplification. Together, these findings suggest that the CMV CP acts as a central hub that modulates antiviral silencing and VSRs activity, and mediates viral self-attenuation and long-term symptom recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - De-Shui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Teng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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39
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Molecular characterization of yerba mate chlorosis-associated virus, a putative cytorhabdovirus infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis). Arch Virol 2017; 162:2481-2484. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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40
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Yang X, Huang J, Liu C, Chen B, Zhang T, Zhou G. Rice Stripe Mosaic Virus, a Novel Cytorhabdovirus Infecting Rice via Leafhopper Transmission. Front Microbiol 2017; 7:2140. [PMID: 28101087 PMCID: PMC5210121 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new rice viral disease exhibiting distinct symptoms-yellow stripes, mosaic and twisted tips on leaves-was found in China. Electron microscopy of infected leaf cells revealed the presence of bacilliform virions and electron-translucent granular-fibrillar viroplasm in the cytoplasm. The enveloped viral particles were 300 to 375 nm long and 45 to 55 nm wide. The leafhopper Recilia dorsalis was able to transmit the virus to rice seedlings, which subsequently exhibited symptoms similar to those observed in fields. The complete genome of the virus was obtained by small-RNA deep sequencing and reverse transcription-PCR product sequencing. The anti-genome contains seven open reading frames (ORFs). The deduced amino acids of ORF1, ORF5, and ORF7 are, respectively, homologous to the nucleocapsid protein (N), glycoprotein (G), and large polymerase protein (L) of known rhabdoviruses. The predicted product of ORF2 is identified as a phosphoprotein (P) based on its multiple potential phosphorylation sites and 12.6 to 21.0% amino acid (aa) identities with the P proteins of plant rhabdoviruses. The product of ORF4 is presumed to be the viral matrix (M) protein for it shares 10.3 to 14.3% aa identities with those of other rhabdoviruses. The above five products were confirmed as the viral structural proteins by SDS-PAGE and aa sequencing analyses of purified virus preparation. ORF3 and ORF6 are considered to encode two nonstructural proteins with unknown functions. Phylogenetic analysis based on protein N, G, and L amino acid sequences indicated that the isolated virus, which we have tentatively named Rice stripe mosaic virus (RSMV), is a new species in the genus Cytorhabdovirus. To our knowledge, RSMV is the only cytorhabdovirus naturally infecting rice and the first reported leafhopper-transmitted cytorhabdovirus. Our surveys of rice fields indicate that RSMV occurs frequently in Guangdong Province, China. Although the disease incidence is low at present, it might become serious with the vector insect population increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong, China
| | - Jilei Huang
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong, China
| | - Chuanhe Liu
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong, China
| | - Guohui Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong, China
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41
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Dietzgen RG, Kondo H, Goodin MM, Kurath G, Vasilakis N. The family Rhabdoviridae: mono- and bipartite negative-sense RNA viruses with diverse genome organization and common evolutionary origins. Virus Res 2017; 227:158-170. [PMID: 27773769 PMCID: PMC5124403 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The family Rhabdoviridae consists of mostly enveloped, bullet-shaped or bacilliform viruses with a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome that infect vertebrates, invertebrates or plants. This ecological diversity is reflected by the diversity and complexity of their genomes. Five canonical structural protein genes are conserved in all rhabdoviruses, but may be overprinted, overlapped or interspersed with several novel and diverse accessory genes. This review gives an overview of the characteristics and diversity of rhabdoviruses, their taxonomic classification, replication mechanism, properties of classical rhabdoviruses such as rabies virus and rhabdoviruses with complex genomes, rhabdoviruses infecting aquatic species, and plant rhabdoviruses with both mono- and bipartite genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf G Dietzgen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Hideki Kondo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Michael M Goodin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Gael Kurath
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Centre, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
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42
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Complete genome sequence of Colocasia bobone disease-associated virus, a putative cytorhabdovirus infecting taro. Arch Virol 2015; 161:745-8. [PMID: 26687584 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the first genome sequence of a Colocasia bobone disease-associated virus (CBDaV) derived from bobone-affected taro [Colocasia esculenta L. Schott] from Solomon Islands. The negative-strand RNA genome is 12,193 nt long, with six major open reading frames (ORFs) with the arrangement 3'-N-P-P3-M-G-L-5'. Typical of all rhabdoviruses, the 3' leader and 5' trailer sequences show complementarity to each other. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CBDaV is a member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, supporting previous reports of virus particles within the cytoplasm of bobone-infected taro cells. The availability of the CBDaV genome sequence now makes it possible to assess the role of this virus in bobone, and possibly alomae disease of taro and confirm that this sequence is that of Colocasia bobone disease virus (CBDV).
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43
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Bejerman N, Giolitti F, de Breuil S, Trucco V, Nome C, Lenardon S, Dietzgen RG. Complete genome sequence and integrated protein localization and interaction map for alfalfa dwarf virus, which combines properties of both cytoplasmic and nuclear plant rhabdoviruses. Virology 2015; 483:275-83. [PMID: 26004251 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We have determined the full-length 14,491-nucleotide genome sequence of a new plant rhabdovirus, alfalfa dwarf virus (ADV). Seven open reading frames (ORFs) were identified in the antigenomic orientation of the negative-sense, single-stranded viral RNA, in the order 3'-N-P-P3-M-G-P6-L-5'. The ORFs are separated by conserved intergenic regions and the genome coding region is flanked by complementary 3' leader and 5' trailer sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleoprotein amino acid sequence indicated that this alfalfa-infecting rhabdovirus is related to viruses in the genus Cytorhabdovirus. When transiently expressed as GFP fusions in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, most ADV proteins accumulated in the cell periphery, but unexpectedly P protein was localized exclusively in the nucleus. ADV P protein was shown to have a homotypic, and heterotypic nuclear interactions with N, P3 and M proteins by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. ADV appears unique in that it combines properties of both cytoplasmic and nuclear plant rhabdoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Bejerman
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Camino a 60 Cuadras k 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Fabián Giolitti
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Camino a 60 Cuadras k 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Soledad de Breuil
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Camino a 60 Cuadras k 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Verónica Trucco
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Camino a 60 Cuadras k 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Claudia Nome
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Camino a 60 Cuadras k 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Sergio Lenardon
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE), Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Camino a 60 Cuadras k 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Ralf G Dietzgen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Dietzgen RG, Innes DJ, Bejerman N. Complete genome sequence and intracellular protein localization of Datura yellow vein nucleorhabdovirus. Virus Res 2015; 205:7-11. [PMID: 25975739 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A limited number of plant rhabdovirus genomes have been fully sequenced, making taxonomic classification, evolutionary analysis and molecular characterization of this virus group difficult. We have for the first time determined the complete genome sequence of 13,188 nucleotides of Datura yellow vein nucleorhabdovirus (DYVV). DYVV genome organization resembles that of its closest relative, Sonchus yellow net virus (SYNV), with six ORFs in antigenomic orientation, separated by highly conserved intergenic regions and flanked by complementary 3' leader and 5' trailer sequences. As is typical for nucleorhabdoviruses, all viral proteins, except the glycoprotein, which is targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum, are localized to the nucleus. Nucleocapsid (N) protein, matrix (M) protein and polymerase, as components of nuclear viroplasms during replication, have predicted strong canonical nuclear localization signals, and N and M proteins exclusively localize to the nucleus when transiently expressed as GFP fusions. As in all nucleorhabdoviruses studied so far, N and phosphoprotein P interact when co-expressed, significantly increasing P nuclear localization in the presence of N protein. This research adds to the list of complete genomes of plant-infecting rhabdoviruses, provides molecular tools for further characterization and supports classification of DYVV as a nucleorhabdovirus closely related to but with some distinct differences from SYNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf G Dietzgen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - David J Innes
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Agri-Science Queensland, Crop and Food Science, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Nicolas Bejerman
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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