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Park JY, Lee HM, Jun SH, Kamitani W, Kim O, Shin HJ. Insights into the Pathogenesis and Development of Recombinant Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotype 3 as a Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:597. [PMID: 38932326 PMCID: PMC11209496 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, has caused epidemics and severe neurological diseases in Asian countries. In this study, we developed a cDNA infectious clone, pBAC JYJEV3, of the JEV genotype 3 strain (EF571853.1) using a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vector. The constructed infectious clone was transfected into Vero cells, where it exhibited infectivity and induced cytopathic effects akin to those of the parent virus. Confocal microscopy confirmed the expression of the JEV envelope protein. Comparative analysis of growth kinetics revealed similar replication dynamics between the parental and recombinant viruses, with peak titers observed 72 h post-infection (hpi). Furthermore, plaque assays demonstrated comparable plaque sizes and morphologies between the viruses. Cryo-electron microscopy confirmed the production of recombinant virus particles with a morphology identical to that of the parent virus. Immunization studies in mice using inactivated parental and recombinant viruses revealed robust IgG responses, with neutralizing antibody production increasing over time. These results showcase the successful generation and characterization of a recombinant JEV3 virus and provide a platform for further investigations into JEV pathogenesis and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yeon Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.P.); (H.-M.L.); (O.K.)
| | - Hye-Mi Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.P.); (H.-M.L.); (O.K.)
| | - Sung-Hoon Jun
- Electron Microscopy & Spectroscopy Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea;
| | - Wataru Kamitani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Host Defense, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-0034, Japan;
| | - Onnuri Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.P.); (H.-M.L.); (O.K.)
| | - Hyun-Jin Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.P.); (H.-M.L.); (O.K.)
- Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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Shah AU, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Guo R, Chen S, Xu M, Zhang C, Liu Y, Wang J. Construction of a Novel Infectious Clone of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Fc-126 Expressing VP2 of IBDV. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091391. [PMID: 36146468 PMCID: PMC9501487 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased virulence of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a threat to the chicken industry. The construction of novel herpesvirus of turkey-vectored (HVT) vaccines expressing VP2 of virulent IBDV may be a promising vaccine candidate for controlling this serious disease in chickens. We generated a novel infectious clone of HVT Fc-126 by inserting mini-F sequences in lieu of the glycoprotein C (gC) gene. Based on this bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), a VP2 expression cassette containing the pMCMV IE promoter and a VP2 sequence from the virulent IBDV NJ09 strain was inserted into the noncoding area between the UL55 and UL56 genes to generate the HVT vector VP2 recombinant, named HVT-VP2-09. The recovered vectored mutant HVT-VP2-09 exhibited higher titers (p = 0.0202 at 36 h) or similar growth kinetics to the parental virus HVT Fc-126 (p = 0.1181 at 48 h and p = 0.1296 at 64 h). The high reactivation ability and strong expression of VP2 by HVT-VP2-09 in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) were confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and Western blotting. The AGP antibodies against IBDV were detected beginning at 3 weeks post-inoculation (P.I.) of HVT-VP2-09 in 1-day-old SPF chickens. Seven of ten chickens immunized with HVT-VP2-09 were protected post-challenge (P.C.) with the virulent IBDV NJ09 strain. In contrast, all chickens in the challenge control group showed typical IBD lesions in bursals, and eight of ten died P.C. In this study, we demonstrated that (i) a novel HVT BAC with the whole genome of the Fc-126 strain was obtained with the insertion of mini-F sequences in lieu of the gC gene; (ii) HVT-VP2-09 harboring the VP2 expression cassette from virulent IBDV exhibited in vitro growth properties similar to those of the parental HVT virus in CEF cells; and (iii) HVT-VP2-09 can provide efficient protection against the IBDV NJ09 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Ullah Shah
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of MOST, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of MOST, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Saisai Chen
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chuanjian Zhang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal, Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-84395605
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Apinda N, Muenthaisong A, Chomjit P, Sangkakam K, Nambooppha B, Rittipornlertrak A, Koonyosying P, Yao Y, Nair V, Sthitmatee N. Simultaneous Protective Immune Responses of Ducks against Duck Plague and Fowl Cholera by Recombinant Duck Enteritis Virus Vector Expressing Pasteurella multocida OmpH Gene. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081358. [PMID: 36016245 PMCID: PMC9415155 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck enteritis virus and Pasteurella multocida are major duck pathogens that induce duck plague and fowl cholera, respectively, in ducks and other waterfowl populations, leading to high levels of morbidity and mortality. Immunization with live attenuated DEV vaccine containing P. multocida outer membrane protein H (OmpH) can provide the most effective protection against these two infectious diseases in ducks. We have recently reported the construction of recombinant DEV expressing P. multocida ompH gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing strategy with the goal of using it as a bivalent vaccine that can simultaneously protect against both infections. Here we describe the findings of our investigation into the systemic immune responses, potency and clinical protection induced by the two recombinant DEV-ompH vaccine constructs, where one copy each of the ompH gene was inserted into the DEV genome at the UL55-LORF11 and UL44-44.5 intergenic regions, respectively. Our study demonstrated that the insertion of the ompH gene exerted no adverse effect on the DEV parental virus. Moreover, ducklings immunized with the rDEV-ompH-UL55 and rDEV-ompH-UL44 vaccines induced promising levels of P. multocida OmpH-specific as well as DEV-specific antibodies and were completely protected from both diseases. Analysis of the humoral and cellular immunity confirmed the immunogenicity of both recombinant vaccines, which provided strong immune responses against DEV and P. multocida. This study not only provides insights into understanding the immune responses of ducks to recombinant DEV-ompH vaccines but also demonstrates the potential for simultaneous prevention of viral and bacterial infections using viral vectors expressing bacterial immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisachon Apinda
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Anucha Muenthaisong
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Paweena Chomjit
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sangkakam
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Boondarika Nambooppha
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Amarin Rittipornlertrak
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Pongpisid Koonyosying
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Nattawooti Sthitmatee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-53-948-017; Fax: +66-53-948-041
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Apinda N, Yao Y, Zhang Y, Reddy VRAP, Chang P, Nair V, Sthitmatee N. CRISPR/Cas9 Editing of Duck Enteritis Virus Genome for the Construction of a Recombinant Vaccine Vector Expressing ompH Gene of Pasteurella multocida in Two Novel Insertion Sites. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050686. [PMID: 35632442 PMCID: PMC9147145 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck enteritis virus (DEV) and Pasteurella multocida, the causative agent of duck plague and fowl cholera, are acute contagious diseases and leading causes of morbidity and mortality in duck. The NHEJ-CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing strategy, accompanied with the Cre–Lox system, have been employed in the present study to show that two new sites at UL55-LORF11 and UL44-44.5 loci in the genome of the attenuated Jansen strain of DEV can be used for the stable expression of the outer membrane protein H (ompH) gene of P. multocida that could be used as a bivalent vaccine candidate with the potential of protecting ducks simultaneously against major viral and bacterial pathogens. The two recombinant viruses, DEV-OmpH-V5-UL55-LORF11 and DEV-OmpH-V5-UL44-44.5, with the insertion of ompH-V5 gene at the UL55-LORF11 and UL44-44.5 loci respectively, showed similar growth kinetics and plaque size, compared to the wildtype virus, confirming that the insertion of the foreign gene into these did not have any detrimental effects on DEV. This is the first time the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been applied to insert a highly immunogenic gene from bacteria into the DEV genome rapidly and efficiently. This approach offers an efficient way to introduce other antigens into the DEV genome for multivalent vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisachon Apinda
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.A.P.R.); (P.C.); (V.N.)
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.A.P.R.); (P.C.); (V.N.)
| | | | - Pengxiang Chang
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.A.P.R.); (P.C.); (V.N.)
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.A.P.R.); (P.C.); (V.N.)
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Nattawooti Sthitmatee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-53-948-017; Fax: +66-53-948-041
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Zhang C, Guo S, Guo R, Chen S, Zheng Y, Xu M, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wang J. Identification of four insertion sites for foreign genes in a pseudorabies virus vector. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:190. [PMID: 33980225 PMCID: PMC8117506 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a preferred vector for recombinant vaccine construction. Previously, we generated a TK&gE-deleted PRV (PRVΔTK&gE−AH02) based on a virulent PRV AH02LA strain. It was shown to be safe for 1-day-old piglets with maternal PRV antibodies and 4 ~ 5 week-old PRV antibody negative piglets and provide rapid and 100 % protection in weaned pigs against lethal challenge with the PRV variant strain. It suggests that PRVTK&gE−AH02 may be a promising live vaccine vector for construction of recombinant vaccine in pigs. However, insertion site, as a main factor, may affect foreign gene expression. Results In this study, we constructed four recombinant PRV-S bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) carrying the same spike (S) expression cassette of a variant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain in different noncoding regions (UL11-10, UL35-36, UL46-27 or US2-1) from AH02LA BAC with TK, gE and gI deletion. The successful expression of S gene (UL11-10, UL35-36 and UL46-27) in recombinant viruses was confirmed by virus rescue, PCR, real-time PCR and indirect immunofluorescence. We observed higher S gene mRNA expression level in swine testicular cells infected with PRV-S(UL11-10)ΔTK/gE and PRV-S(UL35-36)ΔTK/gE compared to that of PRV-S(UL46-27)ΔTK/gE at 6 h post infection (P < 0.05). Moreover, at 12 h post infection, cells infected with PRV-S(UL11-10)ΔTK/gE exhibited higher S gene mRNA expression than those infected with PRV-S(UL35-36)ΔTK/gE (P = 0.097) and PRV-S(UL46-27)ΔTK/gE (P < 0.05). Recovered vectored mutant PRV-S (UL11-10, UL35-36 and UL46-27) exhibited similar growth kinetics to the parental virus (PRVΔTK&gE−AH02). Conclusions This study focuses on identification of suitable sites for insertion of foreign genes in PRV genome, which laids a foundation for future development of recombinant PRV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjian Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiqi Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Saisai Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen L, Ni Z, Hua J, Ye W, Liu K, Yun T, Zhu Y, Zhang C. Simultaneous tracking of capsid VP26, envelope protein gC localization in living cells infected with double fluorescent duck enteritis virus. Virus Res 2021; 297:198393. [PMID: 33727092 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Duck enteritis virus (DEV) can cause an acute, contagious and lethal disease of many species of waterfowl. An infectious bacterial artificial chromosome clone of DEV vaccine strain pE1 (pDEV-EF1) has been constructed in our previous study. Based on pE1, a recombinant mutated clone pDL (pVP26CFP-gCRFP), which carries a red fluorescent protein (mRFP) gene fused to the viral envelope protein gC in combination with a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) gene fused to the viral capsid VP26, was constructed by two-step Red/ET recombination and the recombinant virus rDL (rVP26CFP-gCRFP) was rescued from chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) by calcium phosphate transfection. Western blot analysis revealed that VP26-CFP and gC-mRFP were both expressed in fusion forms in rDL-infected CEFs, and subcellular localization study showed that gC-mRFP was mainly localized in whole cell at 36, 48 h post infection (p.i.); and then mostly migrated to the cytoplasm after 60 h.p.i., ; whereas VP26-CFP was localized in the nucleus in all stages of virus infection. Additionally, viral particles at different stages of morphogenesis (A capsids, B capsids, C capsids) were observed in virus-infected cells by transmission electron microscopy, indicating that exogenous gene insertion has no effect on virus assembly. This study has laid a foundation for visually studying localization, transportation of DEV capsid proteins and envelope glycoproteins as well as virus assembly, virion movement and virus-cell interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Zheng Ni
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Jionggang Hua
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Weicheng Ye
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Keshu Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Tao Yun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Yinchu Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Cun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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SC75741 antagonizes vesicular stomatitis virus, duck Tembusu virus, and duck plague virus infection in duck cells through promoting innate immune responses. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101085. [PMID: 33799115 PMCID: PMC8044693 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) and duck plague virus (DPV) are typical DNA and RNA viruses of waterfowl, causing drastic economic losses to the duck farm industry in terms of high mortality and decreased egg production. These 2 viruses reappear from time to time because the available vaccines fail to provide complete immunity and no clinical antiviral drugs are available for them. In the present study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of SC75741 for DTMUV, DPV, and the model virus, vesicular stomatitis virus infection in duck cells. SC75741, a nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-specific inhibitor in mammal cells, revealed the highest antiviral activity among the inhibitors specific to c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), and NF-κB signaling. The antiviral activity of SC75741 was dose-dependent and showed effects in different duck cell types. Time-addition and duration assay demonstrated that SC75741 inhibited virus infection in the middle of and after virus infection at least for 72 h in duck embro fibroblast cells. The DPV viral adsorption and genomic copy number were reduced, indicating that SC75741 blocks the phase of the virus life cycle at viral entry and genomic replication. In addition, SC75741 enhanced the expression of interferon only when stimulator of interferon genes (STING) was overexpressed or pre-activated by the virus infection, suggesting that SC75741 acts as a STING agonist. In conclusion, SC75741 is a candidate antiviral agent for DTMUV and DPV.
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Chen L, Yu B, Hua J, Ni Z, Ye W, Yun T, Zhang C. Optimized Expression of Duck Tembusu Virus E Gene Delivered by a Vectored Duck Enteritis Virus In Vitro. Mol Biotechnol 2020; 61:783-790. [PMID: 31482466 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, a recombinant duck enteritis virus (DEV) delivering codon-optimized E gene (named as E-ch) of duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) optimized referring to chicken's codon bias has been obtained based on the infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone of duck enteritis virus vaccine strain pDEV-EF1, but the expression level of E-ch in recombinant virus rDEV-E-ch-infected cells was very low. To optimize DTMUV E gene expression delivered by the vectored DEV, different forms of E gene (collectively called EG) including origin E gene (E-ori), truncated E451-ori gene, codon-optimized E-dk gene optimized referring to duck's codon bias, as well as the truncated E451-ch and E451-dk, Etpa-ori and Etpa-451-ori, which contain prefixing chick TPA signal peptide genes, were cloned into transfer vector pEP-BGH-end, and several recombinant plasmids pEP-BGH-EG were constructed. Then the expression cassettes pCMV-EG-polyABGH amplified from pEP-BGH-EG by PCR were inserted into US7/US8 gene intergenic region of pDEV-EF1 by two-step Red/ET recombination, 7 strain recombinant mutated BAC clones pDEV-EG carrying different E genes were constructed. Next, the recombinant viruses rDEV-EG were reconstituted from chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) by calcium phosphate precipitation. Western blot analysis showed that E or E451 protein is expressed in rDEV-E-ori, rDEV-E-ch, rDEV-Etpa-ori, rDEV-E451-ori, rDEV-E451-dk, and rDEV-E451-ch-infected CEFs, and protein expression level in rDEV-E451-dk-infected CEFs is the highest. These studies have laid a foundation for developing bivalent vaccine controlling DEV and DTMUV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jonggang Hua
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Zheng Ni
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Weicheng Ye
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Tao Yun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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9
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Zheng K, Jiang FF, Su L, Wang X, Chen YX, Chen HC, Liu ZF. Highly Efficient Base Editing in Viral Genome Based on Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Using a Cas9-Cytidine Deaminase Fused Protein. Virol Sin 2019; 35:191-199. [PMID: 31792738 PMCID: PMC7198655 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses evolve rapidly and continuously threaten animal health and economy, posing a great demand for rapid and efficient genome editing technologies to study virulence mechanism and develop effective vaccine. We present a highly efficient viral genome manipulation method using CRISPR-guided cytidine deaminase. We cloned pseudorabies virus genome into bacterial artificial chromosome, and used CRISPR-guided cytidine deaminase to directly convert cytidine (C) to uridine (U) to induce premature stop mutagenesis in viral genes. The editing efficiencies were 100%. Comprehensive bioinformatic analysis revealed that a large number of editable sites exist in pseudorabies virus (PRV) genomes. Notably, in our study viral genome exists as a plasmid in E. coli, suggesting that this method is virus species-independent. This application of base-editing provided an alternative approach to generate mutant virus and might accelerate study on virulence and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Gene Editing Research Center, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Fang-Fang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Le Su
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huan-Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zheng-Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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10
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Zhang C, Liu Y, Chen S, Qiao Y, Guo M, Zheng Y, Xu M, Wang Z, Hou J, Wang J. A gD&gC-substituted pseudorabies virus vaccine strain provides complete clinical protection and is helpful to prevent virus shedding against challenge by a Chinese pseudorabies variant. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:2. [PMID: 30606159 PMCID: PMC6318912 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since 2011, pseudorabies caused by a variant PRV has re-emerged in many Chinese Bartha-K61-vaccinated pig farms. An efficacious vaccine is necessary to control this disease. We described the construction of a gD&gC-substituted pseudorabies virus (PRV B-gD&gCS) from the Bartha-K61 (as backbone) and AH02LA strain (as template for gD and gC genes) through bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) technology using homologous recombination. The growth kinetics of PRV B-gD&gCS was compared with Bartha-K61. Its safety was evaluated in 28-day-old piglets. Protection efficacy was tested in piglets by lethal challenge with AH02LA at 7 days post vaccination, including body temperature, clinical symptoms, virus shedding, mortality rate, and lung lesions. Results The results showed that a BAC clone of Bartha-K61 and a B-gD&gCS clone were successfully generated. The growth kinetics of PRV B-gD&gCS strain on ST (Swine testicular) cells was similar to that of the Bartha-K61 strain. No piglets inoculated intramuscularly with PRV B-gD&gCS strain exhibited any clinical symptoms or virus shedding. After AH02LA challenge, all piglets in PRV B-gD&gCS and Bartha-K61 groups (n = 5 each) survived without exhibiting any clinical symptoms and high body temperature. More importantly, PRV B-gD&gCS strain completely prevented virus shedding in 2 piglets and reduced virus shedding post challenge in the other 3 piglets as compared with Bartha-K61 group. Conclusions Our results suggest that PRV B-gD&gCS strain is a promising vaccine candidate for the effective control of current severe epidemic pseudorabies in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjian Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Saisai Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongfeng Qiao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingpeng Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Wang J, Song Z, Ge A, Guo R, Qiao Y, Xu M, Wang Z, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Fan H, Hou J. Safety and immunogenicity of an attenuated Chinese pseudorabies variant by dual deletion of TK&gE genes. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:287. [PMID: 30241529 PMCID: PMC6150974 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the outbreak of a new emerging virulent pseudorabies virus mutant in Chinese pig herds, intensive research has been focused on the construction of novel gene deletion vaccine based on the variant virulent viruses. An ideal vaccine candidate is expected to have a balanced safety and immunogenicity. Results From the infectious clone of PRV AH02LA strain, a TK deletion mutant was generated through two-step Red mutagenesis. After homologous recombination with a transfer vector, a TK&gE dual deficient mutant PRV (PRVΔTK&gE-AH02) was generated, and its structure verified by PCR, RFLP and sequencing. Growth kinetics test showed that PRVΔTK&gE-AH02 reached a titer of 107.5 TCID50 /mL on ST cells. The PRVΔTK&gE-AH02 at a dose of 106.0 TCID50 /animal was not virulent in mice or 1-day-old piglets with maternal PRV antibodies. No clinical signs or virus shedding were detected in 28~ 35-day-old piglets without maternal PRV antibodies after nasal or intramuscular administration with a dose of 106.0 TCID50, although it caused one death of four 1-day-old piglets without maternal PRV antibodies. In the efficiency test of PRVΔTK&gE-AH02, all four 28~ 35-day-old piglets without PRV antibody in the challenge control showed typical clinical symptoms and virus shedding, and two died at 4~ 5 days post challenge. All piglets in 105.0, 104.0 and 103.0 TCID50/dose PRVΔTK&gE-AH02 groups provided complete protection against challenge at only 7 days post intramuscular vaccination. More importantly, PRVΔTK&gE-AH02 stopped virus shedding in these piglets. In contrast, all four piglets in PRV Bartha K61 vaccine group developed high body temperature (≥40.5 °C) and viral shedding, despite they had mild or even no clinical symptoms. Conclusions The constructed TK&gE dual deletion mutant PRVΔTK&gE-AH02 can reach high titers on ST cells. The live vaccine of PRVΔTK&gE-AH02 is highly safe, and can not only provide clinical protection but also stops virus shedding. This study suggests that PRVΔTK&gE-AH02 might work as a promising vaccine candidate to combat the PRV variant emerging in Chinese herds since 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zengcai Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Aimin Ge
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, 261061, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongfeng Qiao
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
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12
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Dong J, Gu Z, Jin L, Lv L, Wang J, Sun T, Bai J, Sun H, Wang X, Jiang P. Polymorphisms affecting the gE and gI proteins partly contribute to the virulence of a newly-emergent highly virulent Chinese pseudorabies virus. Virology 2018; 519:42-52. [PMID: 29631175 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of a highly virulent pseudorabies virus strain, ZJ01, occurred in PRV-vaccinated pigs in China in 2011. In this study, ZJ01 caused fatal diseases, while the Chinese prototypic PRV strain LA caused mild respiratory disorders. Full-genome sequencing results indicate the two viruses can be classified into two sub-clusters that distinct from traditional European and US strains. To examine the potential role of the gE and gI proteins in ZJ01 virulence, we generated several recombinant viruses. In two chimeric viruses (rZJ01-LA/gEI and rLA-ZJ01/gEI), the gE and gI genes were swapped using corresponding genes from ZJ01 and LA. rZJ01-LA/gEI and the parental virus rZJ01 retained high virulence in piglets, although the survival time for rZJ01-LA/gEI infected piglets was obviously prolonged. In contrast, rLA-ZJ01/gEI exhibited higher virulence than its parental virus rLA. We conclude that changes in gE and gI proteins partly contribute to the enhanced virulence of ZJ01 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenqing Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Lin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- National Veterinary Biological Medicine Engineering Research Center, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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13
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Construction of a highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated duck enteritis virus-based vaccine against H5N1 avian influenza virus and duck Tembusu virus infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1478. [PMID: 28469192 PMCID: PMC5431151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck enteritis virus (DEV), duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 are the most important viral pathogens in ducks, as they cause significant economic losses in the duck industry. Development of a novel vaccine simultaneously effective against these three viruses is the most economical method for reducing losses. In the present study, by utilizing a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene editing strategy, we efficiently generated DEV recombinants (C-KCE-HA/PrM-E) that simultaneously encode the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of HPAIV H5N1 and pre-membrane proteins (PrM), as well as the envelope glycoprotein (E) gene of DTMUV, and its potential as a trivalent vaccine was also evaluated. Ducks immunized with C-KCE-HA/PrM-E enhanced both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to H5N1 and DTMUV. Importantly, a single-dose of C-KCE-HA/PrM-E conferred solid protection against virulent H5N1, DTMUV, and DEV challenges. In conclusion, these results demonstrated for the first time that the CRISPR/Cas9 system can be applied for modification of the DEV genome rapidly and efficiently, and that recombinant C-KCE-HA/PrM-E can serve as a potential candidate trivalent vaccine to prevent H5N1, DTMUV, and DEV infections in ducks.
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14
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Wu Y, Li Y, Wang M, Sun K, Jia R, Chen S, Zhu D, Liu M, Yang Q, Zhao X, Chen X, Cheng A. Preliminary study of the UL55 gene based on infectious Chinese virulent duck enteritis virus bacterial artificial chromosome clone. Virol J 2017; 14:78. [PMID: 28407817 PMCID: PMC5390382 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lethal Duck Enteritis Virus (DEV) infection can cause high morbidity and mortality of many species of waterfowl within the order Anseriformes. However, little is known about the function of viral genes including the conserved UL55 gene among alpha herpes virus due to the obstacles in maintenance and manipulation of DEV genome in host cells. Methods In this paper, we constructed an infectious bacteria artificial chromosome (BAC) clone of the lethal clinical isolate duck enteritis virus Chinese virulent strain (DEV CHv) by inserting a transfer vector containing BAC mini-F sequence and selection marker EGFP into UL23 gene using homologous recombination. UL55 deletion and its revertant mutant were generated by two-step RED recombination in E. coli on basis of rescued recombinant virus. The function of UL55 gene in DEV replication and its effect on distribution of UL26.5 protein were carried out by growth characteristics and co-localization analysis. Results The complete genome of DEV CHv can be stably maintained in E. coli as a BAC clone and reconstituted again in DEF cells. The generated UL55 deletion mutant based on DEV CHv-BAC-G displayed similar growth curves, plaque morphology and virus titer of its parental virus in infected Duck Embryo Fibroblast (DEF) cells. Immunofluorescence assay indicated that the loss of UL55 gene do not affect the distribution of UL26.5 protein in intracellular. These data also suggest infectious BAC clone of DEV CHv will facilitate the gene function studies of DEV genome. Conclusions We have successfully developed an infectious BAC clone of lethal clinical isolate DEV CHv for the first time. The generated UL55 gene mutant based on that demonstrated this platform would be a very useful tool for functional study of DEV genes. We found the least known DEV UL55 is dispensable for virus replication and UL26.5 distribution, and it could be a very promise candidate locus for developing bivalent vaccine. Experiment are now in progress for testifying the possibility of UL55 gene locus as an exogenous gene insertion site for developing DEV vectored vaccine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-017-0748-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yangguang Li
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Kunfeng Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. .,Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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15
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Dong J, Bai J, Sun T, Gu Z, Wang J, Sun H, Jiang P. Comparative pathogenicity and immunogenicity of triple and double gene-deletion pseudorabies virus vaccine candidates. Res Vet Sci 2017; 115:17-23. [PMID: 28130999 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pseudorabies (PR) outbreaks have re-emerged in many pig farms with vaccination coverage in China, which suggests that current vaccine strains provide poor protection against novel, epidemic strains. In this study, based on the highly virulent PRV ZJ01 variant, a PR virus (PRV) thymidine kinase (TK)/gE/gI deleted strain-rZJ01ΔTK/gE/gI-was generated, which showed similar growth features in vitro compared to the parent strain PRV ZJ01 and its gE/gI deleted strain rZJ01ΔgE/gI. The results of a piglet experiment (with 10 piglets each group) showed that the rZJ01ΔTK/gE/gI vaccine generated similar levels of neutralizing antibodies against ZJ01 compared to the rZJ01ΔgE/gI vaccine (p>0.05). However, rZJ01ΔgE/gI inoculation resulted in slight inflammatory cell infiltrations, hemorrhages, and congestion in the brain and lungs. After a ZJ01 challenge, all animals in the rZJ01ΔTK/gE/gI- and rZJ01ΔgE/gI-vaccinated groups survived without exhibiting any clinical symptoms, whereas all non-vaccinated control animals died within 7days post-challenge. Furthermore, microscopic lesions and virus loads in the brains and lungs in the two vaccinated groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. Meanwhile, the virus levels in the brains of piglets in the rZJ01ΔTK/gE/gI group were significantly lower than those in the rZJ01ΔgE/gI group. These results indicate that the triple gene-deleted PRV rZJ01ΔTK/gE/gI strain has lower pathogenicity and higher protective efficacy against variant PRV challenge compared with the double gene-deleted PRV rZJ01ΔgE/gI strain. Together, all these data indicate that the PRV rZJ01ΔTK/gE/gI strain should be an ideal vaccine candidate for the prevention of PR in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenqing Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- National Veterinary Biological Medicine Engineering Research Center, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
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16
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Wang J, Guo R, Qiao Y, Xu M, Wang Z, Liu Y, Gu Y, Liu C, Hou J. An inactivated gE-deleted pseudorabies vaccine provides complete clinical protection and reduces virus shedding against challenge by a Chinese pseudorabies variant. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:277. [PMID: 27923365 PMCID: PMC5142131 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0897-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the end of 2011 an outbreak of pseudorabies affected Chinese pig herds that had been vaccinated with the commercial vaccine made of Bartha K61 strain. It is now clear that the outbreak was caused by an emergent PRV variant. Even though vaccines made of PRV Bartha K61 strain can confer certain cross protection against PRV variants based on experimental data, less than optimal clinical protection and virus shedding reduction were observed, making the control or eradication of this disease difficult. Results An infectious clone of PRV AH02LA strain was constructed to generate a gE deletion mutant PRV(LA-AB) strain. PRV(LA-AB) strain can reach a titer of 108.43 TCID50 /mL (50% tissue culture infectious dose) on BHK-21 cells. To evaluate the efficiency of the inactivated vaccine made of PRV(LA-AB) strain, thirty 3-week-old PRV-negative piglets were divided randomly into six groups for vaccination and challenge test. All five piglets in the challenge control showed typical clinical symptoms of pseudorabies post challenge. Sneezing and nasal discharge were observed in four and three piglets in groups C(vaccinated with inactivated PRV Bartha K61 strain vaccine) and D(vaccinated with live PRV Bartha K61 strain vaccine) respectively. In contrast, piglets in both groups A(vaccinated with inactivated PRV LA-AB strain vaccine) and B(vaccinated with inactivated PRV LA-AB strain vaccine with adjuvant) presented mild or no clinical symptoms. Moreover, viral titers detected via nasal swabs were approximately 100 times lower in group B than in the challenge control, and the duration of virus shedding (3–4 days) was shorter than in either the challenge control (5–10 days) or groups C and D (5–6 days). Conclusions The infectious clone constructed in this study harbors the whole genome of the PRV variant AH02LA strain. The gE deletion mutant PRV(LA-AB)strain generated from PRV AH02LA strain can reach a high titer on BHK-21 cells. An inactivated vaccine of PRV LA-AB provides clinical protection and significantly reduces virus shedding post challenge, especially if accompanied by the adjuvant CVC1302. While Inactivated or live vaccines made of PRV Barth K61 strain can provide only partial protection in this test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Qiao
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Gu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chang Liu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals/Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
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17
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Suarez DL, Pantin-Jackwood MJ. Recombinant viral-vectored vaccines for the control of avian influenza in poultry. Vet Microbiol 2016; 206:144-151. [PMID: 27916319 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is a commonly used tool for the control of both low pathogenic and highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) viruses. Traditionally, inactivated adjuvanted vaccines made from a low pathogenic field strain have been used for vaccination, but advances in molecular biology have allowed a number of different viral vectored vaccines, expressing the AI virus hemagglutinin (HA) gene, to be developed and licensed for use for control of AI. This review summarizes the licensed vector vaccines available for use in poultry. As a group, these vaccines can stimulate both a cellular and humoral immune response and, when antigenically well matched to the target AI strain, are effective at preventing clinical disease and reducing virus shedding if vaccinated birds do become infected. The vaccines can often be given to one-day old chicks in the hatchery, which can provide early protection and is a cost effective route of administration of the vaccine. All the licensed vectored vaccines, because they only express the HA gene, can potentially be used to differentiate vaccinated from vaccinated and infected birds, which is often referred to as a DIVA strategy. Although a potentially valuable tool for the surveillance of the virus in countries that vaccinate, the DIVA principle has currently not been applied. Concern remains that maternal antibody or pre-existing immunity to the vector or to the AI HA insert can suppress the immune response to the vaccine. The viral vectored vaccines appear to work well with a prime boost strategy where the vectored vaccine is given first and a different type of vaccine, often a killed adjuvanted vaccine is given two or three weeks later.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Suarez
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Mary J Pantin-Jackwood
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, USA
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18
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Zou Z, Ma J, Huang K, Chen H, Liu Z, Jin M. Live Attenuated Vaccine Based on Duck Enteritis Virus against Duck Hepatitis A Virus Types 1 and 3. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1613. [PMID: 27777571 PMCID: PMC5056193 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As causative agents of duck viral hepatitis, duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) and type 3 (DHAV-3) causes significant economic losses in the duck industry. However, a licensed commercial vaccine that simultaneously controls both pathogens is currently unavailable. Here, we generated duck enteritis virus recombinants (rC-KCE-2VP1) containing both VP1 from DHAV-1 (VP1/DHAV-1) and VP1 from DHAV-3 (VP1/DHAV-3) between UL27 and UL26. A self-cleaving 2A-element of FMDV was inserted between the two different types of VP1, allowing production of both proteins from a single open reading frame. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis results demonstrated that both VP1 proteins were robustly expressed in rC-KCE-2VP1-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts. Ducks that received a single dose of rC-KCE-2VP1 showed potent humoral and cellular immune responses and were completely protected against challenges of both pathogenic DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 strains. The protection was rapid, achieved as early as 3 days after vaccination. Moreover, viral replication was fully blocked in vaccinated ducks as early as 1 week post-vaccination. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that recombinant rC-KCE-2VP1 is potential fast-acting vaccine against DHAV-1 and DHAV-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan, China
| | - Ji Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan, China
| | - Ziduo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; College of Life Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan, China
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19
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Sun Y, Yang C, Li J, Li L, Cao M, Li Q, Li H. Construction of a recombinant duck enteritis virus vaccine expressing hemagglutinin of H9N2 avian influenza virus and evaluation of its efficacy in ducks. Arch Virol 2016; 162:171-179. [PMID: 27709401 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
H9 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) remain a significant burden in the poultry industry and are considered to be one of the most likely causes of any new influenza pandemic in humans. As ducks play an important role in the maintenance of H9 viruses in nature, successful control of the spread of H9 AIVs in ducks will have significant beneficial effects on public health. Duck enteritis virus (DEV) may be a promising candidate viral vector for aquatic poultry vaccination. In this study, we constructed a recombinant DEV, rDEV-∆UL2-HA, inserting the hemagglutinin (HA) gene from duck-origin H9N2 AIV into the UL2 gene by homologous recombination. One-step growth analyses showed that the HA gene insertion had no effect on viral replication and suggested that the UL2 gene was nonessential for virus growth in vitro. In vivo tests further showed that the insertion of the HA gene in place of the UL2 gene did not affect the immunogenicity of the virus. Moreover, a single dose of 103 TCID50 of rDEV-∆UL2-HA induced solid protection against lethal DEV challenge and completely prevented H9N2 AIV viral shedding. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a DEV-vectored vaccine providing robust protection against both DEV and H9N2 AIV virus infections in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, No. 8 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghuai Yang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, No. 8 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junping Li
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, No. 8 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, No. 8 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Cao
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, No. 8 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihong Li
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, No. 8 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijiao Li
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, No. 8 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Abstract
Antigenic drift of seasonal influenza viruses and the occasional introduction of influenza viruses of novel subtypes into the human population complicate the timely production of effective vaccines that antigenically match the virus strains that cause epidemic or pandemic outbreaks. The development of game-changing vaccines that induce broadly protective immunity against a wide variety of influenza viruses is an unmet need, in which recombinant viral vectors may provide. Use of viral vectors allows the delivery of any influenza virus antigen, or derivative thereof, to the immune system, resulting in the optimal induction of virus-specific B- and T-cell responses against this antigen of choice. This systematic review discusses results obtained with vectored influenza virus vaccines and advantages and disadvantages of the currently available viral vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory D de Vries
- a Department of Viroscience , Erasmus MC , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
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21
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Zhao X, Xu J, Song X, Jia R, Yin Z, Cheng A, Jia R, Zou Y, Li L, Yin L, Yue G, Lv C, Jing B. Antiviral effect of resveratrol in ducklings infected with virulent duck enteritis virus. Antiviral Res 2016; 130:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Li H, Wang Y, Han Z, Wang Y, Liang S, Jiang L, Hu Y, Kong X, Liu S. Recombinant duck enteritis viruses expressing major structural proteins of the infectious bronchitis virus provide protection against infectious bronchitis in chickens. Antiviral Res 2016; 130:19-26. [PMID: 26946113 PMCID: PMC7172294 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To design an alternative vaccine for control of infectious bronchitis in chickens, three recombinant duck enteritis viruses (rDEVs) expressing the N, S, or S1 protein of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were constructed using conventional homologous recombination methods, and were designated as rDEV-N, rDEV-S, and rDEV-S1, respectively. Chickens were divided into five vaccinated groups, which were each immunized with one of the rDEVs, covalent vaccination with rDEV-N & rDEV-S, or covalent vaccination with rDEV-N & rDEV-S1, and a control group. An antibody response against IBV was detectable and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes decreased at 7 days post-vaccination in each vaccinated group, suggesting that humoral and cellular responses were elicited in each group as early as 7 days post-immunization. After challenge with a homologous virulent IBV strain at 21 days post-immunization, vaccinated groups showed significant differences in the percentage of birds with clinical signs, as compared to the control group (p < 0.01), as the two covalent-vaccination groups and the rDEV-S group provided better protection than the rDEV-N- or rDEV-S1-vaccinated group. There was less viral shedding in the rDEV-N & rDEV-S- (2/10) and rDEV-N & rDEV-S1- (2/10) vaccinated groups than the other three vaccinated groups. Based on the clinical signs, viral shedding, and mortality rates, rDEV-N & rDEV-S1 covalent vaccination conferred better protection than use of any of the single rDEVs. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes a respiratory disease in domestic chickens worldwide. Duck enteritis virus (DEV) was used as viral vaccine vector in chickens. Recombinant DEV (rDEV) expressing IBV N, S, or S1 conferred protection against IBV. Covalent vaccination with rDEV-N & rDEV-S1 conferred higher level of protection against IBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Li
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Zongxi Han
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shulin Liang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yonghao Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Xiangang Kong
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shengwang Liu
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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23
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Wang J, Ge A, Xu M, Wang Z, Qiao Y, Gu Y, Liu C, Liu Y, Hou J. Construction of a recombinant duck enteritis virus (DEV) expressing hemagglutinin of H5N1 avian influenza virus based on an infectious clone of DEV vaccine strain and evaluation of its efficacy in ducks and chickens. Virol J 2015; 12:126. [PMID: 26263920 PMCID: PMC4533785 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 remains a threat to poultry. Duck enteritis virus (DEV)-vectored vaccines expressing AIV H5N1 hemagglutinin (HA) may be viable AIV and DEV vaccine candidates. Methods To facilitate the generation and further improvement of DEV-vectored HA(H5) vaccines, we first constructed an infectious clone of DEV Chinese vaccine strain C-KCE (DEVC-KCE). Then, we generated a DEV-vectored HA(H5) vaccine (DEV-H5(UL55)) based on the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) by inserting a synthesized HA(H5) expression cassette with a pMCMV IE promoter and a consensus HA sequence into the noncoding area between UL55 and LORF11. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the resulting recombinant vaccine against DEV and AIV H5N1 were evaluated in both ducks and chickens. Results The successful construction of DEV BAC and DEV-H5(UL55) was verified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Recovered virus from the BAC or mutants showed similar growth kinetics to their parental viruses. The robust expression of HA in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with the DEV-vectored vaccine was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence and western blotting analyses. A single dose of 106 TCID50 DEV-vectored vaccine provided 100 % protection against duck viral enteritis in ducks, and the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer of AIV H5N1 with a peak of 8.2 log2 was detected in 3-week-old layer chickens. In contrast, only very weak HI titers were observed in ducks immunized with 107 TCID50 DEV-vectored vaccine. A mortality rate of 60 % (6/10) was observed in 1-week-old specific pathogen free chickens inoculated with 106 TCID50 DEV-vectored vaccine. Conclusions We demonstrate the following in this study. (i) The constructed BAC is a whole genome clone of DEVC-KCE. (ii) The insertion of an HA expression cassette sequence into the noncoding area between UL55 and LORF11 of DEVC-KCE affects neither the growth kinetics of the virus nor its protection against DEV. (iii) DEV-H5(UL55) can generate a strong humoral immune response in 3-week-old chickens, despite the virulence of this virus observed in 1-week-old chickens. (iv) DEV-H5(UL55) induces a weak HI titer in ducks. An increase in the HI titers induced by DEV-vectored HA(H5) will be required prior to its wide application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Aimin Ge
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, 261061, China.
| | - Mengwei Xu
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Yongfeng Qiao
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Yiqi Gu
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yamei Liu
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Jibo Hou
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Research Center of Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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24
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Zou Z, Hu Y, Liu Z, Zhong W, Cao H, Chen H, Jin M. Efficient strategy for constructing duck enteritis virus-based live attenuated vaccine against homologous and heterologous H5N1 avian influenza virus and duck enteritis virus infection. Vet Res 2015; 46:42. [PMID: 25889564 PMCID: PMC4397706 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-015-0174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck is susceptible to many pathogens, such as duck hepatitis virus, duck enteritis virus (DEV), duck tembusu virus, H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in particular. With the significant role of duck in the evolution of H5N1 HPAIV, control and eradication of H5N1 HPAIV in duck through vaccine immunization is considered an effective method in minimizing the threat of a pandemic outbreak. Consequently, a practical strategy to construct a vaccine against these pathogens should be determined. In this study, the DEV was examined as a candidate vaccine vector to deliver the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of H5N1, and its potential as a polyvalent vaccine was evaluated. A modified mini-F vector was inserted into the gB and UL26 gene junction of the attenuated DEV vaccine strain C-KCE genome to generate an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) of C-KCE (vBAC-C-KCE). The HA gene of A/duck/Hubei/xn/2007 (H5N1) was inserted into the C-KCE genome via the mating-assisted genetically integrated cloning (MAGIC) to generate the recombinant vector pBAC-C-KCE-HA. A bivalent vaccine C-KCE-HA was developed by eliminating the BAC backbone. Ducks immunized with C-KCE-HA induced both the cross-reactive antibodies and T cell response against H5. Moreover, C-KCE-HA-immunized ducks provided rapid and long-lasting protection against homologous and heterologous HPAIV H5N1 and DEV clinical signs, death, and primary viral replication. In conclusion, our BAC-C-KCE is a promising platform for developing a polyvalent live attenuated vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,College of Life Sciences, AnQing Normal University, AnQing, 246011, China.
| | - Wei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Hangzhou Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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25
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Gu Z, Dong J, Wang J, Hou C, Sun H, Yang W, Bai J, Jiang P. A novel inactivated gE/gI deleted pseudorabies virus (PRV) vaccine completely protects pigs from an emerged variant PRV challenge. Virus Res 2014; 195:57-63. [PMID: 25240533 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A highly virulent and antigenic variant of pseudorabies virus (PRV) broke out in China at the end of 2011 and caused great economic loss in the pig industry. In this study, an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone containing the full-length genome of the emerged variant PRV ZJ01 strain was generated. The BAC-derived viruses, vZJ01-GFPΔgE/gI (gE/gI deleted strain, and exhibiting green autofluorescence), vZJ01ΔgE/gI (gE/gI deleted strain), and vZJ01gE/gI-R (gE/gI revertant strain), showed similar in vitro growth to their parent strain. In pigs, inactivated vZJ01ΔgE/gI vaccine generated significantly high levels of neutralizing antibodies against ZJ01 compared with Bartha-K61 live vaccine (p<0.05). After fatal ZJ01 challenge, all five animals in the inactivated vZJ01ΔgE/gI vaccine group survived without exhibiting any clinical sings, but two of five animals exhibited central nervous signs in the Bartha-K61 group. Meanwhile, all the non-vaccinated control animals died at 7 days post-challenge. This indicates that the inactivated vZJ01ΔgE/gI vaccine is a promising vaccine candidate for controlling the variant strains of PRV now circulating in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- National Veterinary Biological Medicine Engineering Research Center, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chengcai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Efficient strategy to generate a vectored duck enteritis virus delivering envelope of duck Tembusu virus. Viruses 2014; 6:2428-43. [PMID: 24956180 PMCID: PMC4074935 DOI: 10.3390/v6062428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a recently emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has resulted in a huge economic loss in the duck industry. However, no vaccine is currently available to control this pathogen. Consequently, a practical strategy to construct a vaccine against this pathogen should be determined. In this study, duck enteritis virus (DEV) was examined as a candidate vaccine vector to deliver the envelope (E) of DTMUV. A modified mini-F vector was inserted into the SORF3 and US2 gene junctions of the attenuated DEV vaccine strain C-KCE genome to generate an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) of C-KCE (vBAC-C-KCE). The envelope (E) gene of DTMUV was inserted into the C-KCE genome through the mating-assisted genetically integrated cloning (MAGIC) strategy, resulting in the recombinant vector, pBAC-C-KCE-E. A bivalent vaccine C-KCE-E was generated by eliminating the BAC backbone. Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis results indicated that the E proteins were vigorously expressed in C-KCE-E-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs). Duck experiments demonstrated that the insertion of the E gene did not alter the protective efficacy of C-KCE. Moreover, C-KCE-E-immunized ducks induced neutralization antibodies against DTMUV. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that recombinant C-KCE-E can serve as a potential bivalent vaccine against DEV and DTMUV.
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Chen L, Yu B, Hua J, Ye W, Ni Z, Yun T, Deng X, Zhang C. Construction of a full-length infectious bacterial artificial chromosome clone of duck enteritis virus vaccine strain. Virol J 2013; 10:328. [PMID: 24195756 PMCID: PMC3827880 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duck enteritis virus (DEV) is the causative agent of duck viral enteritis, which causes an acute, contagious and lethal disease of many species of waterfowl within the order Anseriformes. In recent years, two laboratories have reported on the successful construction of DEV infectious clones in viral vectors to express exogenous genes. The clones obtained were either created with deletion of viral genes and based on highly virulent strains or were constructed using a traditional overlapping fosmid DNA system. Here, we report the construction of a full-length infectious clone of DEV vaccine strain that was cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). Methods A mini-F vector as a BAC that allows the maintenance of large circular DNA in E. coli was introduced into the intergenic region between UL15B and UL18 of a DEV vaccine strain by homologous recombination in chicken embryoblasts (CEFs). Then, the full-length DEV clone pDEV-vac was obtained by electroporating circular viral replication intermediates containing the mini-F sequence into E. coli DH10B and identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing. The infectivity of the pDEV-vac was validated by DEV reconstitution from CEFs transfected with pDEV-vac. The reconstructed virus without mini-F vector sequence was also rescued by co-transfecting the Cre recombinase expression plasmid pCAGGS-NLS/Cre and pDEV-vac into CEF cultures. Finally, the in vitro growth properties and immunoprotection capacity in ducks of the reconstructed viruses were also determined and compared with the parental virus. Results The full genome of the DEV vaccine strain was successfully cloned into the BAC, and this BAC clone was infectious. The in vitro growth properties of these reconstructions were very similar to parental DEV, and ducks immunized with these viruses acquired protection against virulent DEV challenge. Conclusions DEV vaccine virus was cloned as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome maintaining full-length genome without any deletions or destruction of the viral coding sequence, and the viruses rescued from the DEV-BAC clone exhibited wild-type phenotypes both in vitro and in vivo. The generated infectious clone will greatly facilitate studies on the individual genes of DEV and applications in gene deletion or live vector vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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Xu J, Yin Z, Li L, Cheng A, Jia R, Song X, Lu H, Dai S, Lv C, Liang X, He C, Zhao L, Su G, Ye G, Shi F. Inhibitory effect of resveratrol against duck enteritis virus in vitro. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65213. [PMID: 23776451 PMCID: PMC3679110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck viral enteritis (DVE) is an acute, contagious herpesvirus infection of ducks, geese, and swans of all ages and species. This disease has been responsible for significant economic losses in domestic and wild waterfowl as a result of mortality, and decreased egg production. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phytoalexin in specific plants and exhibits inhibitory activity against many kinds of virus. In this paper, resveratrol was found to inhibit duck enteritis virus (DEV) replication in a dose-dependent manner, with a 50% inhibition concentration of 3.85 μg/mL. The inhibition in virus multiplication in the presence of resveratrol was not attributed to direct inactivation or inhibition of virus attachment to the host cells, but to the inhibition of viral multiplication in host cells. The assay of the time of addition limited the drug effect during the first 8 h of infection. This conclusion was supported by the ultrastructure images of the early stage of DEV infection, which showed that the replication of virus nucleic acid and the formation of the capsid in the cell nucleus were suppressed. In the indirect immunofluorescence assay, proteins expression in DEV infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) within 24 h post-infection (p.i.) was also effectively suppressed by resveratrol. In summary, the resveratrol has a good activity against DEV infection in vitro, which could be attributed to that fact that several essential immediate early viral proteins for virus replication were impacted by resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Hongke Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Shujun Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Changliang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Gang Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Gang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Fei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricutural University, Ya'an, China
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Hu Y, Liu X, Zou Z, Jin M. Glycoprotein C plays a role in the adsorption of duck enteritis virus to chicken embryo fibroblasts cells and in infectivity. Virus Res 2013; 174:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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30
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Song X, Yin Z, Li L, Cheng A, Jia R, Xu J, Wang Y, Yao X, Lv C, Zhao X. Antiviral activity of sulfated Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharide against duck enteritis virus in vitro. Antiviral Res 2013; 98:344-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yao Y, Smith LP, Petherbridge L, Watson M, Nair V. Novel microRNAs encoded by duck enteritis virus. J Gen Virol 2012; 93:1530-1536. [PMID: 22492913 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.040634-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck enteritis virus (DEV) is an important herpesvirus pathogen associated with acute, highly contagious lethal disease in waterfowls. Using a deep sequencing approach on RNA from infected chicken embryo fibroblast cultures, we identified several novel DEV-encoded micro (mi)RNAs. Unlike most mardivirus-encoded miRNAs, DEV-encoded miRNAs mapped mostly to the unique long region of the genome. The precursors of DEV miR-D18 and miR-D19 overlapped with each other, suggesting similarities to miRNA-offset RNAs, although only the DEV-miR-D18-3p was functional in reporter assays. Identification of these novel miRNAs will add to the growing list of virus-encoded miRNAs enabling the exploration of their roles in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiu Yao
- Viral Oncogenesis Group, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Berkshire RG20 7NN, UK
| | - Lorraine P Smith
- Viral Oncogenesis Group, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Berkshire RG20 7NN, UK
| | - Lawrence Petherbridge
- Viral Oncogenesis Group, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Berkshire RG20 7NN, UK
| | - Mick Watson
- Ark-Genomics, The Roslin Institute, R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Division of Genetics and Genomics, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Venugopal Nair
- Viral Oncogenesis Group, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Berkshire RG20 7NN, UK
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Viral bacterial artificial chromosomes: generation, mutagenesis, and removal of mini-F sequences. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:472537. [PMID: 22496607 PMCID: PMC3303620 DOI: 10.1155/2012/472537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance and manipulation of large DNA and RNA virus genomes had presented an obstacle for virological research. BAC vectors provided a solution to both problems as they can harbor large DNA sequences and can efficiently be modified using well-established mutagenesis techniques in Escherichia coli. Numerous DNA virus genomes of herpesvirus and pox virus were cloned into mini-F vectors. In addition, several reverse genetic systems for RNA viruses such as members of Coronaviridae and Flaviviridae could be established based on BAC constructs. Transfection into susceptible eukaryotic cells of virus DNA cloned as a BAC allows reconstitution of recombinant viruses. In this paper, we provide an overview on the strategies that can be used for the generation of virus BAC vectors and also on systems that are currently available for various virus species. Furthermore, we address common mutagenesis techniques that allow modification of BACs from single-nucleotide substitutions to deletion of viral genes or insertion of foreign sequences. Finally, we review the reconstitution of viruses from BAC vectors and the removal of the bacterial sequences from the virus genome during this process.
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Back to BAC: the use of infectious clone technologies for viral mutagenesis. Viruses 2012; 4:211-35. [PMID: 22470833 PMCID: PMC3315213 DOI: 10.3390/v4020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors were first developed to facilitate the propagation and manipulation of large DNA fragments in molecular biology studies for uses such as genome sequencing projects and genetic disease models. To facilitate these studies, methodologies have been developed to introduce specific mutations that can be directly applied to the mutagenesis of infectious clones (icBAC) using BAC technologies. This has resulted in rapid identification of gene function and expression at unprecedented rates. Here we review the major developments in BAC mutagenesis in vitro. This review summarises the technologies used to construct and introduce mutations into herpesvirus icBAC. It also explores developing technologies likely to provide the next leap in understanding these important viruses.
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Li Y, Wang S, Zhu H, Zheng C. Cloning of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome as a novel luciferase-tagged infectious bacterial artificial chromosome. Arch Virol 2011; 156:2267-72. [PMID: 21894520 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-011-1094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous human pathogen of skin and mucous membranes. In the present study, the genome of the HSV-1 F strain was cloned as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone without any deletions of the viral genes. Additionally, a firefly luciferase cassette was inserted to generate a novel luciferase-expressing HSV-1 BAC. Importantly, the resulting recombinant HSV-1 BAC Luc behaved indistinguishably from the wild-type virus in Vero cells, and the luciferase activity could be easily quantified in vitro. Thus, this novel HSV-1 BAC system would serve as a powerful tool for gene function profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- Molecular Virology and Viral Immunology Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuchang, People's Republic of China
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Complete genome sequence of virulent duck enteritis virus (DEV) strain 2085 and comparison with genome sequences of virulent and attenuated DEV strains. Virus Res 2011; 160:316-25. [PMID: 21802458 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We here report the complete genome sequence of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) wild-type strain 2085, an avian herpesvirus (GenBank ID: JF999965). The nucleotide sequence was derived from the 2085 genome cloned as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone. The DEV 2085 genome is 160,649-bp in length and encodes 78 predicted open reading frames (ORFs), a number identical to that identified for the attenuated DEV VAC strain (GenBank ID: EU082088.2). Comparison of the genome sequences DEV 2085 and VAC with partial sequences of the virulent CHv strain and the attenuated strain Clone-03 was carried out to identify nucleotide or amino acid polymorphisms that potentially contribute to DEV virulence. No amino acid changes were identified in 24 of the 78 ORFs, a result indicating high conservation in DEV independently of strain origin or virulence. In addition, 39 ORFs contain non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions, while 15 ORFs had nucleotide insertions or deletions, frame-shift mutations and/or non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions with an effect on ORF initiation or termination. In 7 of the 15 ORFs with high and 27 of the 39 ORFs with low variability, polymorphisms were exclusively found in DEV 2085, a finding that likely is a result of a different origin of 2085 (Europe) or VAC, Clone-03 and CHv (Eastern Asia). Five ORFs (UL2, UL12, US10, UL47 and UL41) with polymorphisms were identical between the virulent DEV 2085 and CHv but different from VAC or Clone-03. They, individually or in combination, may therefore represent DEV virulence factors. Our comparative analysis of four DEV sequences provides a comprehensive overview of DEV genome structure and identifies ORFs that are changed during serial virus passage.
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