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Tao Y, Li P, Feng C, Cao Y. New Insights into Immune Cells and Immunotherapy for Thyroid Cancer. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:1039-1064. [PMID: 37846977 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2268656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide, and the incidence of TC has gradually increased in recent decades. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common subtype and has a good prognosis. However, advanced DTC patients with recurrence, metastasis and iodine refractoriness, as well as more aggressive subtypes such as poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), still pose a great challenge for clinical management. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to explore the inherent molecular heterogeneity of different TC subtypes and the global landscape of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to find new potential therapeutic targets. Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic strategy that can be used alone or in combination with drugs targeting tumor-driven genes. This article focuses on the genomic characteristics, tumor-associated immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression of different subtypes of TC patients to provide guidance for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Tao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
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2
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Gao X, Hong C, Xie Y, Zeng X. Immunotherapy or targeted therapy: What will be the future treatment for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma? Front Oncol 2023; 13:1103147. [PMID: 37007127 PMCID: PMC10063970 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1103147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare and aggressive form of thyroid carcinoma (TC). Currently, there are no effective treatments for this condition. In the past few years, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have made significant progress in ATC treatment. Several common genetic mutations have been found in ATC cells, involving different molecular pathways related to tumor progression, and new therapies that act on these molecular pathways have been studied to improve the quality of life of these patients. In 2018, the FDA approved dabrafenib combined with trametinib to treat BRAF-positive ATC, confirming its therapeutic potential. At the same time, the recent emergence of immunotherapy has also attracted wide attention from researchers. While immunotherapy for ATC is still in the experimental stage, numerous studies have shown that immunotherapy is a potential therapy for ATC. In addition, it has also been found that the combination of immunotherapy and targeted therapy may enhance the anti-tumor effect of targeted therapy. In recent years, there has been some progress in the study of targeted therapy or immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, showing the prospect of combined therapy in ATC. In this review, we analyze the response mechanism and potential effects of targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and combination therapy in ATC treatment and explore the future of treatment for ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Gao
- Department of Thyroid and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengcheng Hong
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Thyroid and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiangtai Zeng
- Department of Thyroid and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Thyroid Diseases, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangtai Zeng,
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3
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Shin E, Koo JS. Cell Component and Function of Tumor Microenvironment in Thyroid Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012578. [PMID: 36293435 PMCID: PMC9604510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer in the endocrine system. Most thyroid cancers have good prognosis, but some of them are resistant to treatment or show aggressive behavior. Like other tumors, thyroid cancers harbor tumor microenvironment (TME) composed of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) and immune cells. Autoimmune lymphocytic thyroiditis can occur in the thyroid, and it may be associated with cancer development. TME is involved in tumor progression through various mechanisms: (1) CAF is involved in tumor progression through cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling; and (2) immune cells are involved in tumor progression through cell proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and immune suppression. These events are activated by various cytokines, chemokines, and metabolites secreted from cells that comprise TME. This review is focused on how CAF and immune cells, two important cell components of thyroid cancer TME, are involved in tumor progression, and will explore their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-1772; Fax: +82-2-362-0860
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4
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Virotherapy as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Aggressive Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101532. [PMID: 31636245 PMCID: PMC6826611 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virotherapy is a novel cancer treatment based on oncolytic viruses (OVs), which selectively infect and lyse cancer cells, without harming normal cells or tissues. Several viruses, either naturally occurring or developed through genetic engineering, are currently under investigation in clinical studies. Emerging reports suggesting the immune-stimulatory property of OVs against tumor cells further support the clinical use of OVs for the treatment of lesions lacking effective therapies. Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Therefore, several groups investigated the therapeutic potential of OVs in PDTC/ATC models producing experimental data sustaining the potential clinical efficacy of OVs in these cancer models. Moreover, the presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment further supports the potential use of OVs in ATC. In this review, we present the results of the studies evaluating the efficacy of OVs alone or in combination with other treatment options. In particular, their potential therapeutic combination with multiple kinases inhibitors (MKIs) or immune checkpoint inhibitors are discussed.
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Ricordel M, Foloppe J, Pichon C, Findeli A, Tosch C, Cordier P, Cochin S, Quémeneur E, Camus-Bouclainville C, Bertagnoli S, Erbs P. Oncolytic properties of non-vaccinia poxviruses. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35891-35906. [PMID: 30542506 PMCID: PMC6267605 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccinia virus, a member of the Poxviridae family, has been extensively used as an oncolytic agent and has entered late stage clinical development. In this study, we evaluated the potential oncolytic properties of other members of the Poxviridae family. Numerous tumor cell lines were infected with ten non-vaccinia poxviruses to identify which virus displayed the most potential as an oncolytic agent. Cell viability indicated that tumor cell lines were differentially susceptible to each virus. Raccoonpox virus was the most potent of the tested poxviruses and was highly effective in controlling cell growth in all tumor cell lines. To investigate further the oncolytic capacity of the Raccoonpox virus, we have generated a thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted recombinant Raccoonpox virus expressing the suicide gene FCU1. This TK-deleted Raccoonpox virus was notably attenuated in normal primary cells but replicated efficiently in numerous tumor cell lines. In human colon cancer xenograft model, a single intratumoral inoculation of the recombinant Raccoonpox virus, in combination with 5-fluorocytosine administration, produced relevant tumor growth control. The results demonstrated significant antitumoral activity of this new modified Raccoonpox virus armed with FCU1 and this virus could be considered to be included into the growing armamentarium of oncolytic virotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Ricordel
- Transgene SA, Illkirch-Graffenstaden 67405, France.,Current address: Polyplus-transfection SA, Illkirch-Graffenstaden 67400, France
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Passaro C, Somma SD, Malfitano AM, Portella G. Oncolytic virotherapy for anaplastic and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer: a promise or a clinical reality? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINE ONCOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/ije-2017-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively infect and lyse cancer cells. A direct lytic effect of OVs has been theorized in the initial studies; however, the antineoplastic effect of OVs is also due to the induction of an immune response against cancer cells. Anaplastic thyroid cancer is one of the most aggressive human malignancies with a short survival time of about 6–12 months from the diagnosis. The lack of effective therapies has prompted to investigate the efficacy of OVs in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Different OVs have been tested in preclinical studies, either as single agents or in combinatorial treatments. In this review, the results of these studies are summarized and future perspective discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Passaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Di Somma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italia
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Portella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italia
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7
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Jiang K, Song C, Kong L, Hu L, Lin G, Ye T, Yao G, Wang Y, Chen H, Cheng W, Barr MP, Liu Q, Zhang G, Ding C, Meng S. Recombinant oncolytic Newcastle disease virus displays antitumor activities in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:746. [PMID: 30021550 PMCID: PMC6052588 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive of all solid tumors for which no effective therapies are currently available. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has shown the potential to induce oncolytic cell death in a variety of cancer cells of diverse origins. However, whether oncolytic NDV displays antitumor effects in ATC remains to be investigated. We have previously shown that the oncolytic NDV strain FMW (NDV/FMW) induces oncolytic cell death in several cancer types. In the present study, we investigated the oncolytic effects of NDV/FMW in ATC. Methods In this study, a recombinant NDV expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was generated using an NDV reverse genetics system. The resulting virus was named after rFMW/GFP and the GFP expression in infected cells was demonstrated by direct fluorescence and immunoblotting. Viral replication was evaluated by end-point dilution assay in DF-1 cell lines. Oncolytic effects were examined by biochemical and morphological experiments in cultural ATC cells and in mouse models. Results rFMW/GFP replicated robustly in ATC cells as did its parent virus (NDV/FMW) while the expression of GFP protein was detected in lungs and spleen of mice intravenously injected with rFMW/GFP. We further showed that rFMW/GFP infection substantially increased early and late apoptosis in the ATC cell lines, THJ-16 T and THJ-29 T and increased caspase-3 processing and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in ATC cells as assessed by immunoblotting. In addition, rFMW/GFP induced lyses of spheroids derived from ATC cells in three-dimensional (3D) cultures. We further demonstrated that rFMW/GFP infection resulted in the activation of p38 MAPK signaling, but not Erk1/2 or JNK, in THJ-16 T and THJ-29 T cells. Notably, inhibition of p38 MAPK activity by SB203580 decreased rFMW/GFP-induced cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP in THJ-16 T and THJ-29 T cells. Finally, both rFMW/GFP and its parent virus inhibited tumor growth in mice bearing THJ-16 T derived tumors. Conclusion Taken together, these data indicate that both the recombinant reporter virus rFMW/GFP and its parent virus NDV/FMW, display oncolytic activities in ATC cells in vitro and in vivo and suggest that oncolytic NDV may have potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for ATC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4522-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jiang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Cuiping Song
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Lingkai Kong
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lulu Hu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guibin Lin
- Laboratory Center, The Third People's Hospital of Huizhou, Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516002, China
| | - Tian Ye
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Martin P Barr
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St. James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Central laboratory, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, China.
| | - Chan Ding
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Songshu Meng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Room 415, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Ghasemi F, Black M, Sun RX, Vizeacoumar F, Pinto N, Ruicci KM, Yoo J, Fung K, MacNeil D, Palma DA, Winquist E, Mymryk JS, Ailles LA, Datti A, Barrett JW, Boutros PC, Nichols AC. High-throughput testing in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma identifies agents with preferential activity in human papillomavirus-positive or negative cell lines. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26064-26071. [PMID: 29899842 PMCID: PMC5995257 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common cancer diagnosis worldwide. Despite advances in treatment, HNSCC has very poor survival outcomes, emphasizing an ongoing need for development of improved therapeutic options. The distinct tumor characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive vs. HPV-negative disease necessitate development of treatment strategies tailored to tumor HPV-status. High-throughput robotic screening of 1,433 biologically and pharmacologically relevant compounds at a single dose (4 μM) was carried out against 6 HPV-positive and 20 HPV-negative HNSCC cell lines for preliminary identification of therapeutically relevant compounds. Statistical analysis was further carried out to differentiate compounds with preferential activity against cell lines stratified by the HPV-status. These analyses yielded 57 compounds with higher activity in HPV-negative cell lines, and 34 with higher-activity in HPV-positive ones. Multi-point dose-response curves were generated for six of these compounds (Ryuvidine, MK-1775, SNS-032, Flavopiridol, AZD-7762 and ARP-101), confirming Ryuvidine to have preferential potency against HPV-negative cell lines, and MK-1775 to have preferential potency against HPV-positive cell lines. These data comprise a valuable resource for further investigation of compounds with therapeutic potential in the HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Ghasemi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morgan Black
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ren X Sun
- Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frederick Vizeacoumar
- Cancer Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Nicole Pinto
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kara M Ruicci
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Yoo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin Fung
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle MacNeil
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Palma
- Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Winquist
- Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joe S Mymryk
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laurie A Ailles
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alessandro Datti
- Network Biology Collaborative Centre, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - John W Barrett
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony C Nichols
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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Passaro C, Portella G. Oncolytic virotherapy for thyroid cancer: will it translate to the clinic? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINE ONCOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/ije.14.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Passaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Portella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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