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He M, Zhang X, Ran X, Zhang Y, Nie X, Xiao B, Lei L, Zhai S, Zhu J, Zhang J, Li R, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Dai Z, He Z, Feng J, Zhang C. Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Protect Neurons by Degrading Aggregative α-syn and Clearing ROS in Parkinson's Disease. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404576. [PMID: 38696266 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Although evidence indicates that the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra is the main pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), no compounds that have both α-syn antiaggregation and α-syn degradation functions have been successful in treating the disease in the clinic. Here, it is shown that black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) interact directly with α-syn fibrils to trigger their disaggregation for PD treatment. Moreover, BPNSs have a specific affinity for α-syn through van der Waals forces. And BPNSs are found to activate autophagy to maintain α-syn homeostasis, improve mitochondrial dysfunction, reduce reactive oxygen species levels, and rescue neuronal death and synaptic loss in PC12 cells. It is also observed that BPNSs penetrate the blood-brain barrier and protect against dopamine neuron loss, alleviating behavioral disorders in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced mouse model and hA53T α-syn transgenic mice. Together, the study reveals that BPNSs have the potential as a novel integrated nanomedicine for clinical diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina He
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xiangming Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xia Ran
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xiaoran Nie
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Li Lei
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Suzhen Zhai
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - JinMing Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Rong Li
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zuoji Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Yuping Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
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Cholesterol and its reciprocal association with prion infection. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 392:235-246. [PMID: 35821439 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are incurable, infectious and fatal neurodegenerative diseases that affect both humans and animals. The pathogenesis of prion disease involves the misfolding of the cellular prion protein, PrPC, to a disease-causing conformation, PrPSc, in the brain. The exact mechanism of conversion of PrPC to PrPSc is not clear; however, there are numerous studies supporting that this process of misfolding requires the association of PrPC with lipid raft domains of the plasma membrane. An increase in the cellular cholesterol content with prion infection has been observed in both in vivo and in vitro studies. As cholesterol is critical for the formation of lipid rafts, on the one hand, this increase may be related to, or aiding in, the process of prion conversion. On the other hand, increased cholesterol levels may affect neuronal viability. Here, we discuss current literature on the underlying mechanisms and potential consequences of elevated neuronal cholesterol in prion infection and advancements in prion disease therapeutics targeting brain cholesterol homeostasis.
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Yan M, Xiong M, Dai L, Zhang X, Zha Y, Deng X, Yu Z, Zhang Z. Cofilin 1 promotes the pathogenicity and transmission of pathological α-synuclein in mouse models of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:1. [PMID: 35013321 PMCID: PMC8748615 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-021-00272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the presence of Lewy bodies (LBs) with aggregated α-synuclein being the major component. The abnormal α-synuclein aggregates transfer between cells, recruit endogenous α-synuclein into toxic LBs, and finally trigger neuronal injury. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating the aggregation and transmission of pathological α-synuclein remain unknown. Previously we found that cofilin 1, a member of the actin-binding protein, promotes the aggregation and pathogenicity of α-synuclein in vitro. Here we further investigated the effect of cofilin 1 in mouse models of PD. We found that the mixed fibrils composed of cofilin 1 and α-synuclein are more pathogenic to mice and more prone to propagation than pure α-synuclein fibrils. Overexpression of cofilin 1 enhances the seeding and spreading of α-synuclein aggregates, and induces PD-like behavioral impairments in mice. Together, these results illustrate the important role of cofilin 1 in the pathogenicity and transmission of α-synuclein during the onset and progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Yan
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Neurology, Hubei NO. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Min Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lijun Dai
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yunhong Zha
- The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xiaorong Deng
- Department of Neurology, Hubei NO. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhui Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells transfer mitochondria through tunneling nanotubes in tumor organoids. Biochem J 2021; 478:21-39. [PMID: 33245115 PMCID: PMC7800365 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain cancer and its relapse after surgery, chemo and radiotherapy appears to be led by GBM stem cells (GSCs). Also, tumor networking and intercellular communication play a major role in driving GBM therapy-resistance. Tunneling Nanotubes (TNTs), thin membranous open-ended channels connecting distant cells, have been observed in several types of cancer, where they emerge to drive a more malignant phenotype. Here, we investigated whether GBM cells are capable to intercommunicate by TNTs. Two GBM stem-like cells (GSLCs) were obtained from the external and infiltrative zone of one GBM from one patient. We show, for the first time, that both GSLCs, grown in classical 2D culture and in 3D-tumor organoids, formed functional TNTs which allowed mitochondria transfer. In the organoid model, recapitulative of several tumor's features, we observed the formation of a network between cells constituted of both Tumor Microtubes (TMs), previously observed in vivo, and TNTs. In addition, the two GSLCs exhibited different responses to irradiation in terms of TNT induction and mitochondria transfer, although the correlation with the disease progression and therapy-resistance needs to be further addressed. Thus, TNT-based communication is active in different GSLCs derived from the external tumoral areas associated to GBM relapse, and we propose that they participate together with TMs in tumor networking.
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Ma J, Gao J, Wang J, Xie A. Prion-Like Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:552. [PMID: 31275093 PMCID: PMC6591488 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation and aggregation of misfolded proteins in the central nervous system (CNS) is a key hallmark of several age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These diseases share key biophysical and biochemical characteristics with prion diseases. It is believed that PD is characterized by abnormal protein aggregation, mainly that of α-synuclein (α-syn). Of particular importance, there is growing evidence indicating that abnormal α-syn can spread to neighboring brain regions and cause aggregation of endogenous α-syn in these regions as seeds, in a “prion-like” manner. Abundant studies in vitro and in vivo have shown that α-syn goes through a templated conformational change, propagates from the original region to neighboring regions, and eventually cause neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra and striatum. The objective of this review is to summarize the mechanisms involved in the aggregation of abnormal intracellular α-syn and its subsequent cell-to-cell transmission. According to these findings, we look forward to effective therapeutic perspectives that can block the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Anmu Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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6
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Lamoureux L, Simon SLR, Waitt B, Knox JD. Proteomic Screen of Brain Glycoproteome Reveals Prion Specific Marker of Pathogenesis. Proteomics 2019; 18. [PMID: 29087046 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are neurodegenerative disorders caused by the presence of an infectious prion protein. The primary site of pathology is the brain characterized by neuroinflammation, astrogliosis, prion fibrils, and vacuolation. The events preceding the observed pathology remain in question. We sought to identify biomarkers in the brain of TSE-infected and aged-matched control mice using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Since the brain proteome is too complex to resolve all proteins using 2D-DIGE, protein samples are initially filtered through either concanavalin A (ConA) or wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA) columns. Four differentially abundant proteins are identified through screening of the two different glycoproteomes: Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1), calponin-3 (CNN3), peroxiredoxin-6 (Prdx6), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Confirmatory Western blots are performed with samples from TSE-infected and comparative Alzheimer's disease (AD) affected brains and their respective controls from time points throughout the disease courses. The abundance of three of the four proteins increases significantly during later stages of prion disease whereas NEGR1 decreases in abundance. Comparatively, no significant changes are observed in later stages of AD. Our lab is the first to associate the glycosylated NEGR1 protein with prion disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Lamoureux
- Prion Laboratory Services, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sharon L R Simon
- Prion Laboratory Services, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Brooks Waitt
- Prion Laboratory Services, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - J David Knox
- Prion Laboratory Services, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Sarnataro D. Attempt to Untangle the Prion-Like Misfolding Mechanism for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103081. [PMID: 30304819 PMCID: PMC6213118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The misfolding and aggregation of proteins is the neuropathological hallmark for numerous diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and prion diseases. It is believed that misfolded and abnormal β-sheets forms of wild-type proteins are the vectors of these diseases by acting as seeds for the aggregation of endogenous proteins. Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI) anchored glycoprotein that is able to misfold to a pathogenic isoform PrPSc, the causative agent of prion diseases which present as sporadic, dominantly inherited and transmissible infectious disorders. Increasing evidence highlights the importance of prion-like seeding as a mechanism for pathological spread in Alzheimer's disease and Tauopathy, as well as other neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report the latest findings on the mechanisms controlling protein folding, focusing on the ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) quality control of GPI-anchored proteins and describe the "prion-like" properties of amyloid-β and tau assemblies. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of pathogenic assemblies interaction with protein and lipid membrane components and their implications in both prion and Alzheimer's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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8
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Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are protein homopolymers that adopt diverse cross-β conformations. Some amyloid fibrils are associated with the pathogenesis of devastating neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Conversely, functional amyloids play beneficial roles in melanosome biogenesis, long-term memory formation and release of peptide hormones. Here, we showcase advances in our understanding of amyloid assembly and structure, and how distinct amyloid strains formed by the same protein can cause distinct neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss how mutant steric zippers promote deleterious amyloidogenesis and aberrant liquid-to-gel phase transitions. We also highlight effective strategies to combat amyloidogenesis and related toxicity, including: (1) small-molecule drugs (e.g. tafamidis) to inhibit amyloid formation or (2) stimulate amyloid degradation by the proteasome and autophagy, and (3) protein disaggregases that disassemble toxic amyloid and soluble oligomers. We anticipate that these advances will inspire therapeutics for several fatal neurodegenerative diseases. Summary: This Review showcases important advances in our understanding of amyloid structure, assembly and disassembly, which are inspiring novel therapeutic strategies for amyloid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Chuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Acacia M Hori
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christina D Hesketh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA .,Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Hnasko R, Lin A, McGarvey J, Stanker L. Enhanced detection of infectious prions by direct ELISA from the brains of asymptomatic animals using DRM2-118 monoclonal antibody and Gdn-HCl. J Immunol Methods 2018; 456:38-43. [PMID: 29462604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this report we describe the use of a novel anti-prion monoclonal antibody (DRM2-118) for the direct detection of infectious prions by ELISA. Epitope mapping using overlapping hamster (SHa) prion peptides indicates DRM2-118 binding occurs between residues 93-100 and at the 310-helix (residues 163-170) between alpha helix-A and -B. This antibody shows broad species binding to endogenous prions from brain homogenates and corresponding recombinant prion proteins. To evaluate the performance of this MAb for the detection of prion proteins we performed an animal time course and evaluated prion detection from both crude brain homogenates and lipid raft fractions (DRM) by direct ELISA. Prion detection was significantly enhanced by the addition of the chaotropic guanidine-HCl (Gdn-HCl) during protein immobilization with detection of PK-resistant prion from asymptomatic animal brains at (45-DPI) and from lipid rafts at (24-DPI). Our data demonstrates enhanced prion detection from brain lipid rafts of asymptomatic animals by a simple direct ELISA using the DRM2-118 MAb combined with Gdn-HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hnasko
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Pacific West Area (PWA), Western Regional Research Center (WRRC), Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit (PSM), 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, United States.
| | - Alice Lin
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Pacific West Area (PWA), Western Regional Research Center (WRRC), Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit (PSM), 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, United States
| | - Jeffery McGarvey
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Pacific West Area (PWA), Western Regional Research Center (WRRC), Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention (FTDP), 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, United States
| | - Larry Stanker
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Pacific West Area (PWA), Western Regional Research Center (WRRC), Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention (FTDP), 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, United States
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Victoria GS, Zurzolo C. The spread of prion-like proteins by lysosomes and tunneling nanotubes: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:2633-2644. [PMID: 28724527 PMCID: PMC5584166 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201701047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Victoria and Zurzolo discuss current evidence for the emerging role of lysosomal damage and tunneling nanotubes in the intercellular propagation of prion and prion-like proteins in neurodegenerative disease. Progression of pathology in neurodegenerative diseases is hypothesized to be a non–cell-autonomous process that may be mediated by the productive spreading of prion-like protein aggregates from a “donor cell” that is the source of misfolded aggregates to an “acceptor cell” in which misfolding is propagated by conversion of the normal protein. Although the proteins involved in the various diseases are unrelated, common pathways appear to be used for their intercellular propagation and spreading. Here, we summarize recent evidence of the molecular mechanisms relevant for the intercellular trafficking of protein aggregates involved in prion, Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s diseases. We focus in particular on the common roles that lysosomes and tunneling nanotubes play in the formation and spreading of prion-like assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Zurzolo
- Unité de Trafic Membranaire et Pathogénèse, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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11
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Abstract
Shadoo (Sho), a member of prion protein family, has been shown to prevent embryonic lethality in Prnp0/0 mice and to be reduced in the brains of rodents with terminal prion diseases. Sho can also affect PrP structural dynamics and can increase the prion conversion into its misfolded isoform (PrPSc), which is amyloidogenic and strictly related to expression, intracellular localization and association of PrPC to lipid rafts. We reasoned that if Sho possesses a natural tendency to convert to amyloid-like forms in vitro, it should be able to exhibit “prion-like” properties, such as PK-resistance and aggregation state, also in live cells. We tested this hypothesis, by different approaches in neuronal cells, finding that Sho shows folding properties partially dependent on lipid rafts integrity whose alteration, as well as proteasomal block, regulated generation of intermediate Sho isoforms and exacerbated its misfolding. Moreover, a 18 kDa isoform of Sho, likely bearing the signal peptide, was targeted to mitochondria by interacting with the molecular chaperone TRAP1 which, in turn controlled Sho dual targeting to ER or mitochondria. Our studies contribute to understand the role of molecular chaperones and of PrP-related folding intermediates in “prion-like” conversion.
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Sikorska N, Lemus L, Aguilera-Romero A, Manzano-Lopez J, Riezman H, Muñiz M, Goder V. Limited ER quality control for GPI-anchored proteins. J Cell Biol 2017; 213:693-704. [PMID: 27325793 PMCID: PMC4915193 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201602010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sikorska et al. find that remodeling of a GPI anchor after its attachment to proteins inside the ER strongly promotes ER export but occurs independently of protein folding, thereby effectively limiting ER quality control, potentially including ER-associated degradation of all GPI-anchored proteins. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control mechanisms target terminally misfolded proteins for ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Misfolded glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are, however, generally poor ERAD substrates and are targeted mainly to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation, leading to predictions that a GPI anchor sterically obstructs ERAD. Here we analyzed the degradation of the misfolded GPI-AP Gas1* in yeast. We could efficiently route Gas1* to Hrd1-dependent ERAD and provide evidence that it contains a GPI anchor, ruling out that a GPI anchor obstructs ERAD. Instead, we show that the normally decreased susceptibility of Gas1* to ERAD is caused by canonical remodeling of its GPI anchor, which occurs in all GPI-APs and provides a protein-independent ER export signal. Thus, GPI anchor remodeling is independent of protein folding and leads to efficient ER export of even misfolded species. Our data imply that ER quality control is limited for the entire class of GPI-APs, many of them being clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sikorska
- Department of Genetics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Leticia Lemus
- Department of Genetics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Auxiliadora Aguilera-Romero
- National Centre of Competence in Research, Chemical Biology, Sciences II, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Department of Biochemistry, Sciences II, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Javier Manzano-Lopez
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Howard Riezman
- National Centre of Competence in Research, Chemical Biology, Sciences II, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Department of Biochemistry, Sciences II, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Muñiz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Veit Goder
- Department of Genetics, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Impairment of mitochondria dynamics by human A53T α-synuclein and rescue by NAP (davunetide) in a cell model for Parkinson's disease. Exp Brain Res 2016; 235:731-742. [PMID: 27866262 PMCID: PMC5315729 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-016-4836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The formation of oligomers and aggregates of overexpressed or mutant α-synuclein play a role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease by causing dysfunction of mitochondria, reflected in their disturbed mobility and production of ROS. The mode of action and mechanisms underlying this mitochondrial impairment is still unclear. We have induced stable expression of wild-type, A30P or A53T α-synuclein in neuronally differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and studied anterograde and retrograde mitochondrial trafficking in this cell model for Parkinson's disease. In contrast to wild-type and A30P, A53T α-synuclein significantly inhibited mitochondrial trafficking, at first retrogradely and in a later stage anterogradely. Accordingly, A53T α-synuclein also caused the highest increase in ROS production in the dysmobilized mitochondria in comparison to wild-type or A30P α-synuclein. Treatment with NAP, the eight amino acid peptide identified as the active component of activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), completely annihilated the adverse effects of A53T on mitochondrial dynamics. Our results reveal that A53T α-synuclein (oligomers or aggregates) leads to the inhibition of mitochondrial trafficking, which can be rescued by NAP, suggesting the involvement of microtubule disruption in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
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14
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Mukundan V, Maksoudian C, Vogel MC, Chehade I, Katsiotis MS, Alhassan SM, Magzoub M. Cytotoxicity of prion protein-derived cell-penetrating peptides is modulated by pH but independent of amyloid formation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 613:31-42. [PMID: 27818203 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are associated with conversion of cellular prion protein (PrPC) into an abnormally folded and infectious scrapie isoform (PrPSc). We previously showed that peptides derived from the unprocessed N-termini of mouse and bovine prion proteins, mPrP1-28 and bPrP1-30, function as cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), and destabilize model membrane systems, which could explain the infectivity and toxicity of prion diseases. However, subsequent studies revealed that treatment with mPrP1-28 or bPrP1-30 significantly reduce PrPSc levels in prion-infected cells. To explain these seemingly contradictory results, we correlated the aggregation, membrane perturbation and cytotoxicity of the peptides with their cellular uptake and intracellular localization. Although the peptides have a similar primary sequence, mPrP1-28 is amyloidogenic, whereas bPrP1-30 forms smaller oligomeric or non-fibrillar aggregates. Surprisingly, bPrP1-30 induces much higher cytotoxicity than mPrP1-28, indicating that amyloid formation and toxicity are independent. The toxicity is correlated with prolonged residence at the plasma membrane and membrane perturbation. Both ordered aggregation and toxicity of the peptides are inhibited by low pH. Under non-toxic conditions, the peptides are internalized by lipid-raft dependent macropinocytosis and localize to acidic lysosomal compartments. Our results shed light on the antiprion mechanism of the prion protein-derived CPPs and identify a potential site for PrPSc formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeth Mukundan
- Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Christy Maksoudian
- Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria C Vogel
- Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Chehade
- Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marios S Katsiotis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed M Alhassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mazin Magzoub
- Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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