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Kuang L, Wang C, Chen H, Li Y, Liang Z, Xu T, Guo M, Zhu B. Seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies to human mastadenovirus serotypes 3 and 7 in healthy children from guangdong province. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16986. [PMID: 37346335 PMCID: PMC10279900 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe adenovirus pneumonia is becoming more common in children infected with human mastadenovirus (HAdV)-3 and HAdV-7 than in those infected with other types of adenoviruses. Recently, there has been a trend toward an increasing prevalence of pneumonia caused by HAdV-7, an important viral pathogen in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit infections. Children infected with HAdV-7 have more serious symptoms of acute respiratory infections and other complications than those infected with HAdV-3. No specific anti-adenovirus drugs or vaccines are available for treatment or prevention. Therefore, we investigated the seroprevalence and titer levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 in healthy children in Guangdong Province. We found that the seropositivity rates and antibody titers for HAdV-3 NAb were higher than those for HAdV-7 NAb. In children between 6 and 12 months of age, the seropositivity rates and titers were significantly low against HAdV-3 and HAdV-7. The HAdV-7-positive rate was significantly higher in the HAdV-3-positive samples than in the HAdV-3-negative samples. The HAdV-7 NAbs carried by the 0-6-month age group were dominated by low titers. These results reveal a low level of herd immunity against HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 in children, clarifying the importance of monitoring these two highly virulent adenoviruses, developing prophylactic vaccines, and predicting potential outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Kuang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Changbing Wang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuofu Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Guo
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
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Yan Y, Jing S, Feng L, Zhang J, Zeng Z, Li M, Zhao S, Ou J, Lan W, Guan W, Wu X, Wu J, Seto D, Zhang Q. Construction and Characterization of a Novel Recombinant Attenuated and Replication-Deficient Candidate Human Adenovirus Type 3 Vaccine: "Adenovirus Vaccine Within an Adenovirus Vector". Virol Sin 2021; 36:354-364. [PMID: 32458297 PMCID: PMC7248191 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are highly contagious and result in large number of acute respiratory disease (ARD) cases with severe morbidity and mortality. Human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) is the most common type that causes ARD outbreaks in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. However, there is currently no vaccine approved for its general use. The hexon protein contains the main neutralizing epitopes, provoking strong and lasting immunogenicity. In this study, a novel recombinant and attenuated adenovirus vaccine candidate against HAdV-3 was constructed based on a commercially-available replication-defective HAdV-5 gene therapy and vaccine vector. The entire HAdV-3 hexon gene was integrated into the E1 region of the vector by homologous recombination using a bacterial system. The resultant recombinants expressing the HAdV-3 hexon protein were rescued in AD293 cells, identified and characterized by RT-PCR, Western blots, indirect immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. This potential vaccine candidate had a similar replicative efficacy as the wild-type HAdV-3 strain. However, and importantly, the vaccine strain had been rendered replication-defective and was incapable of replication in A549 cells after more than twenty-generation passages in AD293 cells. This represents a significant safety feature. The mice immunized both intranasally and intramuscularly by this vaccine candidate raised significant neutralizing antibodies against HAdV-3. Therefore, this recombinant, attenuated, and safe adenovirus vaccine is a promising HAdV-3 vaccine candidate. The strategy of using a clinically approved and replication-defective HAdV-5 vector provides a novel approach to develop universal adenovirus vaccine candidates against all the other types of adenoviruses causing ARDs and perhaps other adenovirus-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuping Jing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Microbiological Laboratory, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Liqiang Feng
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhiwei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Min Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Junxian Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wendong Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenyi Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Donald Seto
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Hu K, Fu M, Guan X, Zhang D, Deng X, Xiao Y, Chen R, Liu H, Hu Q. Penton base induces better protective immune responses than fiber and hexon as a subunit vaccine candidate against adenoviruses. Vaccine 2018; 36:4287-4297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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A tetravalent vaccine comprising hexon-chimeric adenoviruses elicits balanced protective immunity against human adenovirus types 3, 7, 14 and 55. Antiviral Res 2018; 154:17-25. [PMID: 29626491 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (Ad) species B contains several of the most important types associated with acute respiratory diseases, Ad3, -7, -14 and -55, which often lead to severe lower respiratory tract diseases and epidemic outbreaks. However, there is currently no Ad vaccine approved for general use. The major capsid protein, hexon, is the primary determinant recognized by neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). In this study, four recombinant Ads that have the same genome sequence as Ad3 with the exception of the hexon genes, rAd3EGFP, rAd3H7, rAd3H14 and rAd3H55, were combined as a tetravalent Ad candidate vaccine against Ad3, -7, -14 and -55. The replication efficiencies of chimeric rAd3H14, rAd3H7 and rAd3H55 were similar to that of rAd3EGFP. Recombinant rAd3EGFP, rAd3H7, rAd3H14 and rAd3H55 induced high titers of NAbs against Ad3, -7, -14 and -55, respectively, which were comparable to those induced by wild-type Ads. The mixture of the four recombinant Ads in equal proportions, rAdMix, or rAdMix inactivated by β-propiolactone, induced balanced NAb responses against Ad3, -7, -14 and -55 in mice without reciprocal immunological interference. In co-culture the four recombinant Ads replicated with a similar efficiency without reciprocal inhibition, and the progeny virions may be chimeric. Purified co-culture, rAdMix-C, also elicited balanced immune responses, suggesting a simple method for multivalent vaccine production. These results indicate the possible advantage of the four Ads as a live combined vaccine. Importantly, pre-immunization with rAdMix conferred protection against Ad3, -7, -14 or -55 challenge in mice in vivo. Thus, this research provides a novel tetravalent Ad vaccine candidate against Ad3, -7, -14 and -55.
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Identification of a Critical and Conformational Neutralizing Epitope in Human Adenovirus Type 4 Hexon. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01643-17. [PMID: 29093098 PMCID: PMC5752955 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01643-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus type 4 (HAdV-4) is an epidemic virus that contributes to serious acute respiratory disease (ARD) in both pediatric and adult patients. However, no licensed drug or vaccine is currently available to the civilian population. The identification of neutralizing epitopes of HAdV-4 should allow the development of a novel antiviral vaccine and a novel gene transfer vector, and an effective neutralizing monoclonal antibody (MAb) will be useful in developing appropriate antiviral drugs. In this study, we report that MAb MN4b shows strong neutralizing activity against HAdV-4. MN4b recognizes a conformational epitope (418AGSEK422) within hypervariable region 7 (HVR7). Mutations within this site permitted HAdV-4 mutants to escape neutralization by MN4b and to resist neutralization by animal and human anti-HAdV-4 sera. A recombinant virus, rAd3-A4R7-1, containing the identified neutralizing epitope in the HVR7 region of HAdV-3 hexon, successfully induced antiserum that inhibited HAdV-4 infection. These results indicate that a small surface loop of HAdV-4 hexon is a critical neutralization epitope for this virus. The generation of MN4b and the identification of this neutralizing epitope may be useful in developing therapeutic treatment, a subunit vaccine, and a novel vector that can escape preexisting neutralization for HAdV-4. IMPORTANCE Neutralizing antibodies are considered good tools for the prevention of human adenovirus type 4 (HAdV-4) infections. The identification of the epitopes recognized by such neutralizing antibodies is important for the generation of recombinant antiviral vaccines. However, until now, no neutralizing epitope has been reported for HAdV-4. Here, we developed a serotype-specific neutralizing MAb directed against HAdV-4, MN4b. We provide evidence that MN4b recognizes a conformational epitope within HVR7 of HAdV-4 hexon. Antisera generated to this conformational epitope displayed on HAdV-3 hexon inhibited infection of AD293 cells by HAdV-4. Our findings are very important for the development of therapeutic treatment, a subunit vaccine, and a novel vector for HAdV-4.
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Identification and Application of Neutralizing Epitopes of Human Adenovirus Type 55 Hexon Protein. Viruses 2015; 7:5632-42. [PMID: 26516903 PMCID: PMC4632404 DOI: 10.3390/v7102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV55) is a newly identified re-emergent acute respiratory disease (ARD) pathogen with a proposed recombination of hexon gene between HAdV11 and HAdV14 strains. The identification of the neutralizing epitopes is important for the surveillance and vaccine development against HAdV55 infection. In this study, four type-specific epitope peptides of HAdV55 hexon protein, A55R1 (residues 138 to 152), A55R2 (residues 179 to 187), A55R4 (residues 247 to 259) and A55R7 (residues 429 to 443), were predicted by multiple sequence alignment and homology modeling methods, and then confirmed with synthetic peptides by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralization tests (NT). Finally, the A55R2 was incorporated into human adenoviruses 3 (HAdV3) and a chimeric adenovirus rAd3A55R2 was successfully obtained. The chimeric rAd3A55R2 could induce neutralizing antibodies against both HAdV3 and HAdV55. This current study will contribute to the development of novel adenovirus vaccine candidate and adenovirus structural analysis.
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