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Kumar D, Budachetri K, Rikihisa Y, Karim S. Analysis of Amblyomma americanum microRNAs in response to Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection and their potential role in vectorial capacity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1427562. [PMID: 39086604 PMCID: PMC11288922 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1427562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a subset of small noncoding RNAs and carry tremendous potential for regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They play pivotal roles in distinct cellular mechanisms including inhibition of bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections via immune response pathways. Intriguingly, pathogens have developed strategies to manipulate the host's miRNA profile, fostering environments conducive to successful infection. Therefore, changes in an arthropod host's miRNA profile in response to pathogen invasion could be critical in understanding host-pathogen dynamics. Additionally, this area of study could provide insights into discovering new targets for disease control and prevention. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the functional role of differentially expressed miRNAs upon Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-borne pathogen, infection in tick vector, Amblyomma americanum. Methods Small RNA libraries from uninfected and E. chaffeensis-infected Am. americanum midgut and salivary gland tissues were prepared using the Illumina Truseq kit. Small RNA sequencing data was analyzed using miRDeep2 and sRNAtoolbox to identify novel and known miRNAs. The differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using a quantitative PCR assay. Furthermore, a miRNA inhibitor approach was used to determine the functional role of selected miRNA candidates. Results The sequencing of small RNA libraries generated >147 million raw reads in all four libraries and identified a total of >250 miRNAs across the four libraries. We identified 23 and 14 differentially expressed miRNAs in salivary glands, and midgut tissues infected with E. chaffeensis, respectively. Three differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-87, miR-750, and miR-275) were further characterized to determine their roles in pathogen infection. Inhibition of target miRNAs significantly decreased the E. chaffeensis load in tick tissues, which warrants more in-depth mechanistic studies. Conclusions The current study identified known and novel miRNAs and suggests that interfering with these miRNAs may impact the vectorial capacity of ticks to harbor Ehrlichia. This study identified several new miRNAs for future analysis of their functions in tick biology and tick-pathogen interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
| | - Khemraj Budachetri
- Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yasuko Rikihisa
- Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shahid Karim
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
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Li X, Liao C, Wu J, Yi B, Zha R, Deng Q, Xu J, Guo C, Lu J. Distinct serum exosomal miRNA profiles detected in acute and asymptomatic dengue infections: A community-based study in Baiyun District, Guangzhou. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31546. [PMID: 38807894 PMCID: PMC11130723 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, research on exosomal miRNAs has provided new insights into exploring the mechanism of viral infection and disease prevention. This study aimed to investigate the serum exosomal miRNA expression profile of dengue-infected individuals through a community survey of dengue virus (DENV) infection. Methods A seroprevalence study of 1253 healthy persons was first conducted to ascertain the DENV infection status in Baiyun District, Guangzhou. A total of 18 serum samples, including 6 healthy controls (HC), 6 asymptomatic DENV infections (AsymptDI), and 6 confirmed dengue fever patients (AcuteDI), were collected for exosome isolation and then sRNA sequencing. Through bioinformatics analysis, we discovered distinct serum exosomal miRNA profiles among the different groups and identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). These findings were further validated by qRT-PCR. Results The community survey of DENV infection indicated that the DENV IgG antibody positivity rate among the population was 11.97 % in the study area, with asymptomatic infected individuals accounting for 93.06 % of the anti-DENV IgG positives. The age and Guangzhou household registration were associated with DENV IgG antibody positivity by logistic regression analysis. Distinct miRNA profiles were observed between healthy individuals and DENV infections. A total of 1854 miRNAs were identified in 18 serum exosome samples from the initial analysis of the sequencing data. Comparative analysis revealed 23 DEMs comprising 5 upregulated and 18 downregulated miRNAs in the DENV-infected group (mergedDI). In comparison to AcuteDI, 18 upregulated miRNAs were identified in AsymptDI. Moreover, functional enrichment of the predicted target genes of DEMs indicated that these miRNAs were involved in biological processes and pathways related to cell adhesion, focal adhesion, endocytosis, and ECM-receptor interaction. Eight DEMs were validated by qRT-PCR. Conclusion The Baiyun District of Guangzhou exhibits a notable proportion of asymptomatic DENV infections as suggested in other research, highlighting the need for enhanced monitoring and screening of asymptomatic persons and the elderly. Differential miRNA expression among healthy, symptomatic and asymptomatic DENV-infected individuals suggests their potential as biomarkers for distinguishing DENV infection and offers new avenues of investigating the mechanisms underlying DENV asymptomatic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Conghui Liao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiani Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Boyang Yi
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Renyun Zha
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiang Deng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Guangzhou Baiyun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510445, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiahai Lu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Hainan Key Novel Thinktank “Hainan Medical University ‘One Health’ Research Center”, Haikou, 571199, China
- Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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Kumar D, Budachetri K, Rikihisa Y, Karim S. Analysis of Amblyomma americanum microRNAs in response to Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection and their potential role in vectorial capacity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592465. [PMID: 38765993 PMCID: PMC11100627 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a subset of small noncoding RNAs and carry tremendous potential for regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They play pivotal roles in distinct cellular mechanisms including inhibition of bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections via immune response pathways. Intriguingly, pathogens have developed strategies to manipulate the host's miRNA profile, fostering environments conducive to successful infection. Therefore, changes in an arthropod host's miRNA profile in response to pathogen invasion could be critical in understanding host-pathogen dynamics. Additionally, this area of study could provide insights into discovering new targets for disease control and prevention. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the functional role of differentially expressed miRNAs upon Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-borne pathogen, infection in tick vector, Amblyomma americanum. Methods Small RNA libraries from uninfected and E. chaffeensis-infected Am. americanum midgut and salivary gland tissues were prepared using the Illumina Truseq kit. Small RNA sequencing data was analyzed using miRDeep2 and sRNAtoolbox to identify novel and known miRNAs. The differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using a quantitative PCR assay. Furthermore, a miRNA inhibitor approach was used to determine the functional role of selected miRNA candidates. Results The sequencing of small RNA libraries generated >147 million raw reads in all four libraries and identified a total of >250 miRNAs across the four libraries. We identified 23 and 14 differentially expressed miRNAs in salivary glands, and midgut tissues infected with E. chaffeensis, respectively. Three differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-87, miR-750, and miR-275) were further characterized to determine their roles in pathogen infection. Inhibition of target miRNAs significantly decreased the E. chaffeensis load in tick tissues, which warrants more in-depth mechanistic studies. Conclusions The current study identified known and novel miRNAs and suggests that interfering with these miRNAs may impact the vectorial capacity of ticks to harbor Ehrlichia. This study identified several new miRNAs for future analysis of their functions in tick biology and tick-pathogen interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Khemraj Budachetri
- Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yasuko Rikihisa
- Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shahid Karim
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
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Lewis J, Gallichotte EN, Randall J, Glass A, Foy BD, Ebel GD, Kading RC. Intrinsic factors driving mosquito vector competence and viral evolution: a review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1330600. [PMID: 38188633 PMCID: PMC10771300 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1330600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of numerous viruses of global health significance. The term "vector competence" describes the intrinsic ability of an arthropod vector to transmit an infectious agent. Prior to transmission, the mosquito itself presents a complex and hostile environment through which a virus must transit to ensure propagation and transmission to the next host. Viruses imbibed in an infectious blood meal must pass in and out of the mosquito midgut, traffic through the body cavity or hemocoel, invade the salivary glands, and be expelled with the saliva when the vector takes a subsequent blood meal. Viruses encounter physical, cellular, microbial, and immunological barriers, which are influenced by the genetic background of the mosquito vector as well as environmental conditions. Collectively, these factors place significant selective pressure on the virus that impact its evolution and transmission. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of the field in understanding the mosquito-specific factors that underpin vector competence and how each of these mechanisms may influence virus evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Lewis
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Emily N. Gallichotte
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Jenna Randall
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Arielle Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Brian D. Foy
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Gregory D. Ebel
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Rebekah C. Kading
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Li W, Sheng Y, Wang J, Wu S, Han C. MicroRNA-9a-5p-NOX4 inhibits intestinal inflammatory injury by regulating the M1 polarization of intestinal macrophages. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23245. [PMID: 36281492 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We found that the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-9a-5p decreased in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD; ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease). Further, we revealed the effects and mechanisms of miRNA-9a-5p for regulating IBD progression. In C57BL/6N mice, IBD was induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and the effects of endogenous miRNA-9a-5p were mimicked/antagonized through intraperitoneal injection of miRNA-9a-5p agomir and antagomir. In animal experimentation, agomir could inhibit intestinal inflammation and tissue damage, and reduce the mucosal barrier permeability. Antagomir, on the other hand, could promote barrier damage, whose effect was associated with the M1 macrophage polarization. This study finds that miRNA-9a-5p targets NOX4 to suppress ROS production, which plays an important role in mucosal barrier damage in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yongjia Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shasha Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Chenyang Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Azlan A, Yunus MA, Abdul Halim M, Azzam G. Revised Annotation and Characterization of Novel Aedes albopictus miRNAs and Their Potential Functions in Dengue Virus Infection. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101536. [PMID: 36290439 PMCID: PMC9598099 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Aedes albopictus (Ae. albopictus) is an important vector of the dengue virus. Genetics and molecular studies of virus infection in mosquito vectors are important to uncover the basic biology of the virus. It has been reported that miRNAs are important and possess functional roles in virus infection in Ae. albopictus. Here, we report a comprehensive catalog of miRNAs using the latest genome version of Ae. albopictus. We discovered a total of 72 novel mature miRNAs, 44 of which were differentially expressed in C6/36 cells infected with the dengue virus. Target prediction analysis revealed that the differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in lipid metabolism and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Results from this study provide a valuable resource for researchers to study miRNAs in this mosquito vector, especially in host–virus interactions. Abstract The Asian tiger mosquito, Ae. albopictus, is a highly invasive species that transmits several arboviruses including dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya (CHIKV). Although several studies have identified microRNAs (miRNAs) in Ae. albopictus, it is crucial to extend and improve current annotations with both the newly improved genome assembly and the increased number of small RNA-sequencing data. We combined our high-depth sequence data and 26 public datasets to re-annotate Ae. albopictus miRNAs and found a total of 72 novel mature miRNAs. We discovered that the expression of novel miRNAs was lower than known miRNAs. Furthermore, compared to known miRNAs, novel miRNAs are prone to expression in a stage-specific manner. Upon DENV infection, a total of 44 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed, and target prediction analysis revealed that miRNA-target genes were involved in lipid metabolism and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Taken together, the miRNA annotation profile provided here is the most comprehensive to date. We believed that this would facilitate future research in understanding virus–host interactions, particularly in the role of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azali Azlan
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Amir Yunus
- Infectomics Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mardani Abdul Halim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.A.H.); (G.A.)
| | - Ghows Azzam
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Malaysia Genome and Vaccine Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.A.H.); (G.A.)
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Fiorillo C, Yen PS, Colantoni A, Mariconti M, Azevedo N, Lombardo F, Failloux AB, Arcà B. MicroRNAs and other small RNAs in Aedes aegypti saliva and salivary glands following chikungunya virus infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9536. [PMID: 35681077 PMCID: PMC9184468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito saliva facilitates blood feeding through the anti-haemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of its proteins. However, the potential contribution of non-coding RNAs to host manipulation is still poorly understood. We analysed small RNAs from Aedes aegypti saliva and salivary glands and show here that chikungunya virus-infection triggers both the siRNA and piRNA antiviral pathways with limited effects on miRNA expression profiles. Saliva appears enriched in specific miRNA subsets and its miRNA content is well conserved among mosquitoes and ticks, clearly pointing to a non-random sorting and occurrence. Finally, we provide evidence that miRNAs from Ae. aegypti saliva may target human immune and inflammatory pathways, as indicated by prediction analysis and searching for experimentally validated targets of identical human miRNAs. Overall, we believe these observations convincingly support a scenario where both proteins and miRNAs from mosquito saliva are injected into vertebrates during blood feeding and contribute to the complex vector-host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Fiorillo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases - Division of Parasitology, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Pei-Shi Yen
- Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Institute Pasteur, 25 rue Dr. Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Alessio Colantoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Mariconti
- Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Institute Pasteur, 25 rue Dr. Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Nayara Azevedo
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Lombardo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases - Division of Parasitology, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna-Bella Failloux
- Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Institute Pasteur, 25 rue Dr. Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Bruno Arcà
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases - Division of Parasitology, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Kumar D, Downs LP, Embers M, Flynt AS, Karim S. Identification of microRNAs in the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5565. [PMID: 35628370 PMCID: PMC9141961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs involved in many biological processes, including the immune pathways that control bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections. Pathogens probably modify host miRNAs to facilitate successful infection, so they might be useful targets for vaccination strategies. There are few data on differentially expressed miRNAs in the black-legged tick Ixodes scapularis after infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease in the United States. Small RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis were used to identify and validate differentially expressed I. scapularis salivary miRNAs. Small RNA-seq yielded 133,465,828 (≥18 nucleotides) and 163,852,135 (≥18 nucleotides) small RNA reads from Borrelia-infected and uninfected salivary glands for downstream analysis using the miRDeep2 algorithm. As such, 254 miRNAs were identified across all datasets, 25 of which were high confidence and 51 low confidence known miRNAs. Further, 23 miRNAs were differentially expressed in uninfected and infected salivary glands: 11 were upregulated and 12 were downregulated upon pathogen infection. Gene ontology and network analysis of target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs predicted roles in metabolic, cellular, development, cellular component biogenesis, and biological regulation processes. Several Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, including sphingolipid metabolism; valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation; lipid transport and metabolism; exosome biogenesis and secretion; and phosphate-containing compound metabolic processes, were predicted as targets of differentially expressed miRNAs. A qRT-PCR assay was utilized to validate the differential expression of miRNAs. This study provides new insights into the miRNAs expressed in I. scapularis salivary glands and paves the way for their functional manipulation to prevent or treat B. burgdorferi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA; (D.K.); (A.S.F.)
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA;
| | - Latoyia P. Downs
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA;
| | - Monica Embers
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
| | - Alex Sutton Flynt
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA; (D.K.); (A.S.F.)
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA;
| | - Shahid Karim
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA; (D.K.); (A.S.F.)
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA;
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9
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Zhu C, Jiang Y, Zhang Q, Gao J, Li C, Li C, Dong Y, Xing D, Zhang H, Zhao T, Guo X, Zhao T. Vector competence of Aedes aegypti and screening for differentially expressed microRNAs exposed to Zika virus. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:504. [PMID: 34579782 PMCID: PMC8477552 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is transmitted to humans primarily by Aedes aegypti. Previous studies on Ae. aegypti from Jiegao (JG) and Mengding (MD) in Yunnan province, China have shown that these mosquitoes are able to transmit ZIKV to their offspring through vertical transmission, indicating that these two Ae. aegypti strains pose a potential risk for ZIKV transmission. However, the vector competence of these two Ae. aegypti strains to ZIKV has not been evaluated and the molecular mechanisms influencing vector competence are still unclear. Methods Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from JG and MD were orally infected with ZIKV, and the infection rate (IR), dissemination rate (DR), transmission rate (TR) and transmission efficiency (TE) of these two mosquito strains were explored to evaluate their vector competence to ZIKV. On 2, 4 and 6 days post-infection (dpi), the small RNA profiles between ZIKV-infected and non-infected Ae. aegypti midgut and salivary gland tissues were compared to gain insights into the molecular interactions between ZIKV and Ae. aegypti. Results There were no significant differences in the IR, DR, TR and TE between the two Ae. aegypti strains (P > 0.05). However, ZIKV RNA appeared 2 days earlier in saliva of the JG strain, which indicated a higher competence of the JG strain to transmit ZIKV. Significant differences in the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles between ZIKV-infected and non-infected Ae. aegypti were found in the 2-dpi libraries of both the midgut and salivary gland tissues from the two strains. In addition, 27 and 74 miRNAs (|log2 fold change| > 2) were selected from the miRNA expression profiles of ZIKV-infected and non-infected midgut and salivary gland tissues from the JG and MD strains, respectively. Conclusions Our results provide novel insights into the ZIKV–mosquito interactions and build a foundation for future research on how miRNAs regulate the vector competence of mosquitoes to this arbovirus. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-05007-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Zhu
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, 530201, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Qianghui Zhang
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Chaojie Li
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yande Dong
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Dan Xing
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hengduan Zhang
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Teng Zhao
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiaoxia Guo
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Tongyan Zhao
- Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
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10
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Parry R, James ME, Asgari S. Uncovering the Worldwide Diversity and Evolution of the Virome of the Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081653. [PMID: 34442732 PMCID: PMC8398489 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, and Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, are the most significant vectors of dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya viruses globally. Studies examining host factors that control arbovirus transmission demonstrate that insect-specific viruses (ISVs) can modulate mosquitoes’ susceptibility to arbovirus infection in both in vivo and in vitro co-infection models. While research is ongoing to implicate individual ISVs as proviral or antiviral factors, we have a limited understanding of the composition and diversity of the Aedes virome. To address this gap, we used a meta-analysis approach to uncover virome diversity by analysing ~3000 available RNA sequencing libraries representing a worldwide geographic range for both mosquitoes. We identified ten novel viruses and previously characterised viruses, including mononegaviruses, orthomyxoviruses, negeviruses, and a novel bi-segmented negev-like group. Phylogenetic analysis suggests close relatedness to mosquito viruses implying likely insect host range except for one arbovirus, the multi-segmented Jingmen tick virus (Flaviviridae) in an Italian colony of Ae. albopictus. Individual mosquito transcriptomes revealed remarkable inter-host variation of ISVs within individuals from the same colony and heterogeneity between different laboratory strains. Additionally, we identified striking virus diversity in Wolbachia infected Aedes cell lines. This study expands our understanding of the virome of these important vectors. It provides a resource for further assessing the ecology, evolution, and interaction of ISVs with their mosquito hosts and the arboviruses they transmit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys Parry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Maddie E James
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.E.J.); (S.A.)
| | - Sassan Asgari
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.E.J.); (S.A.)
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11
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Li G, Wang B, Ding X, Zhang X, Tang J, Lin H. Plasma extracellular vesicle delivery of miR-210-3p by targeting ATG7 to promote sepsis-induced acute lung injury by regulating autophagy and activating inflammation. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1180-1191. [PMID: 34321587 PMCID: PMC8333093 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be used for intercellular communication by facilitating the transfer of miRNAs from one cell to a recipient cell. MicroRNA (miR)-210-3p is released into the blood during sepsis, inducing cytokine production and promoting leukocyte migration. Thus, the current study aimed to elucidate the role of plasma EVs in delivering miR-210-3p in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Plasma EVs were isolated from septic patients, after which the expression of various inflammatory factors was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured via cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry. Transendothelial resistance and fluorescein isothiocyanate fluorescence were used to measure endothelial cell permeability. Matrigel was used to examine the tubulogenesis of endothelial cells. The targeting relationship between miR-210-3p and ATG7 was assessed by dual-luciferase reporter assays. The expression of ATG7 and autophagy-related genes was determined to examine autophagic activation. A sepsis mouse model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced surgery. The level of miR-210-3p was highly enriched in septic EVs. MiR-210-3p enhanced THP-1 macrophage inflammation, BEAS-2B cell apoptosis, and HLMVEC permeability while inhibiting angiogenesis and cellular activity. MiR-210-3p overexpression reduced ATG7 and LC3II/LC3I expression and increased P62 expression. Improvements in vascular density and autophagosome formation, increased ATG7 expression, and changes in the ratio of LC3II/LC3I were detected, as well as reduced P62 expression, in adenovirus-anti-miR-210-3p treated mice after CLP injury. Taken together, the key findings of the current study demonstrate that plasma EVs carrying miR-210-3p target ATG7 to regulate autophagy and inflammatory activation in a sepsis-induced ALI model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiangchao Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Huiqing Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, P.R. China.
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12
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Xu TL, Sun YW, Feng XY, Zhou XN, Zheng B. Development of miRNA-Based Approaches to Explore the Interruption of Mosquito-Borne Disease Transmission. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:665444. [PMID: 34235091 PMCID: PMC8256169 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.665444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA or miR)-based approaches to interrupt the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases have been explored since 2005. A review of these studies and areas in which to proceed is needed. In this review, significant progress is reviewed at the level of individual miRNAs, and miRNA diversification and relevant confounders are described in detail. Current miRNA studies in mosquitoes include four steps, namely, identifying miRNAs, validating miRNA-pathogen interactions, exploring action mechanisms, and performing preapplication investigations. Notably, regarding the Plasmodium parasite, mosquito miRNAs generally bind to mosquito immunity- or development-related mRNAs, indirectly regulating Plasmodium infection; However, regarding arboviruses, mosquito miRNAs can bind to the viral genome, directly modifying viral replication. Thus, during explorations of miRNA-based approaches, researchers need select an ideal miRNA for investigation based on the mosquito species, tissue, and mosquito-borne pathogen of interest. Additionally, strategies for miRNA-based approaches differ for arboviruses and protozoan parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie-Long Xu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Wen Sun
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yu Feng
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Differential miRNA Expression Profiling Reveals Correlation of miR125b-5p with Persistent Infection of Japanese Encephalitis Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084218. [PMID: 33921710 PMCID: PMC8073291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play versatile roles in multiple biological processes. However, little is known about miRNA’s involvement in flavivirus persistent infection. Here, we used an miRNA array analysis of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)-infected cells to search for persistent infection-associated miRNAs in comparison to acute infection. Among all differentially expressed miRNAs, the miR-125b-5p is the most significantly increased one. The high level of miR-125b-5p in persistently JEV-infected cells was confirmed by Northern analysis and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. As soon as the cells established a persistent infection, a significantly high expression of miR-125b-5p was readily observed. Transfecting excess quantities of a miR-125b-5p mimic into acutely infected cells reduced genome replication and virus titers. Host targets of miR125b-5p were analyzed by target prediction algorithms, and six candidates were confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. These genes were upregulated in the acutely infected cells and sharply declined in the persistently infected cells. The transfection of the miR125b-5p mimic reduced the expression levels of Stat3, Map2k7, and Triap1. Our studies indicated that miR-125b-5p targets both viral and host sequences, suggesting its role in coordinating viral replication and host antiviral responses. This is the first report to characterize the potential roles of miR-125b-5p in persistent JEV infections.
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14
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Ma Q, Srivastav SP, Gamez S, Dayama G, Feitosa-Suntheimer F, Patterson EI, Johnson RM, Matson EM, Gold AS, Brackney DE, Connor JH, Colpitts TM, Hughes GL, Rasgon JL, Nolan T, Akbari OS, Lau NC. A mosquito small RNA genomics resource reveals dynamic evolution and host responses to viruses and transposons. Genome Res 2021; 31:512-528. [PMID: 33419731 PMCID: PMC7919454 DOI: 10.1101/gr.265157.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although mosquitoes are major transmission vectors for pathogenic arboviruses, viral infection has little impact on mosquito health. This immunity is caused in part by mosquito RNA interference (RNAi) pathways that generate antiviral small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). RNAi also maintains genome integrity by potently repressing mosquito transposon activity in the germline and soma. However, viral and transposon small RNA regulatory pathways have not been systematically examined together in mosquitoes. Therefore, we developed an integrated mosquito small RNA genomics (MSRG) resource that analyzes the transposon and virus small RNA profiles in mosquito cell cultures and somatic and gonadal tissues across four medically important mosquito species. Our resource captures both somatic and gonadal small RNA expression profiles within mosquito cell cultures, and we report the evolutionary dynamics of a novel Mosquito-Conserved piRNA Cluster Locus (MCpiRCL) made up of satellite DNA repeats. In the larger culicine mosquito genomes we detected highly regular periodicity in piRNA biogenesis patterns coinciding with the expansion of Piwi pathway genes. Finally, our resource enables detection of cross talk between piRNA and siRNA populations in mosquito cells during a response to virus infection. The MSRG resource will aid efforts to dissect and combat the capacity of mosquitoes to tolerate and spread arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicheng Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Satyam P Srivastav
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Stephanie Gamez
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Gargi Dayama
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Fabiana Feitosa-Suntheimer
- Department of Microbiology and the National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Edward I Patterson
- Departments of Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca M Johnson
- Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Erik M Matson
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Alexander S Gold
- Department of Microbiology and the National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Douglas E Brackney
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - John H Connor
- Department of Microbiology and the National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Tonya M Colpitts
- Department of Microbiology and the National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Grant L Hughes
- Departments of Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, United Kingdom
| | - Jason L Rasgon
- Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Tony Nolan
- Departments of Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, United Kingdom
| | - Omar S Akbari
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Nelson C Lau
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
- Boston University Genome Science Institute and the National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratory, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
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15
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Zhang J, Wang H, Wu W, Dong Y, Wang M, Yi D, Zhou Y, Xu Q. Systematic Identification and Functional Analysis of Circular RNAs During Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Infection in the Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén) Midgut. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:588009. [PMID: 33117326 PMCID: PMC7550742 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.588009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs that have critical regulatory roles in numerous biological processes. However, it remains largely unknown whether circRNAs are induced in response to plant virus infection in the insect vector of the virus as well as whether the circRNAs regulate virus infection. Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is transmitted by Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén) in a persistent propagative manner and causes severe losses in East Asian countries. To explore the expression and function of circRNAs in the regulation of virus infection, we determined the circRNA expression profile in RBSDV-free or RBSDV-infected L. striatellus midgut tissues by RNA-Seq. A total of 2,523 circRNAs were identified, of which thirteen circRNAs were differentially expressed after RBSDV infection. The functions of these differentially circRNAs were predicted by GO and KEGG pathway analyses. The expression changes of five differentially expressed circRNAs and eight parental genes were validated by RT-qPCR. The circRNAs-microRNAs (miRNAs) interaction networks were analyzed and two miRNAs, which were predicted to bind circRNAs, were differentially expressed after virus infection. CircRNA2030 was up-regulated after RBSDV infection in L. striatellus midgut. Knockdown of circRNA2030 by RNA interference inhibited the expression of its predicted parental gene phospholipid-transporting ATPase (PTA) and enhanced RBSDV infection in L. striatellus. However, none of the six miRNAs predicting to bind circRNA2030 was up-regulated after circRNA2030 knockdown. The results suggested that circRNA2030 might affect RBSDV infection via regulating PTA. Our results reveal the expression profile of circRNAs in L. striatellus midgut and provide new insight into the roles of circRNAs in virus-insect vector interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province - State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province - State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing, China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province - State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing, China
| | - Dianshan Yi
- Nanjing Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijun Zhou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province - State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiufang Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province - State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing, China
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16
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Avila-Bonilla RG, Yocupicio-Monroy M, Marchat LA, Pérez-Ishiwara DG, Cerecedo-Mercado DA, Del Ángel RM, Salas-Benito JS. miR-927 has pro-viral effects during acute and persistent infection with dengue virus type 2 in C6/36 mosquito cells. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:825-839. [PMID: 32478656 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is an important flavivirus that is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, where it can establish a persistent infection underlying vertical and horizontal transmission. However, the exact mechanism of persistent DENV infection is not well understood. Recently miR-927 was found to be upregulated in C6/36-HT cells at 57 weeks of persistent infection (C6-L57), suggesting its participation during this type of infection. The aim of this study was to determine the role of miR-927 during infection with DENV type 2. The results indicate an overexpression of miR-927 in C6-L57 cells and acutely infected cells according to the time of infection and the m.o.i. used. The downregulation of miR-927 in C6-L57 cells results in a reduction of both viral titre and viral genome copy number. The overexpression of miR-927 in C6-L40 and C6/36 cells infected at an m.o.i. of 0.1 causes an increase in both viral titre and viral genome copy number, suggesting a pro-viral activity of miR-927. In silico prediction analysis reveals target mRNAs for miR-927 are implicated in post-translational modifications (SUMO), translation factors (eIF-2B), the innate immune system (NKIRAS), exocytosis (EXOC-2), endocytosis (APM1) and the cytoskeleton (FLN). The expression levels of FLN were the most affected by both miR-927 overexpression and inhibition, and FLN was determined to be a direct target of miR-927 by a dual-luciferase gene reporter assay. FLN has been associated with the regulation of the Toll pathway and either overexpression or downregulation of miR-927 resulted in expression changes of antimicrobial peptides (Cecropins A and G, and Defensin D) involved in the Toll pathway response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Gamaliel Avila-Bonilla
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico
| | - Martha Yocupicio-Monroy
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, San Lorenzo 290, Del Valle, Mexico City CP 03100, Mexico
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Programa Institucional de Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico
| | - David Guillermo Pérez-Ishiwara
- Programa Institucional de Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico
| | - Doris Atenea Cerecedo-Mercado
- Programa Institucional de Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Del Ángel
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Juan Santiago Salas-Benito
- Programa Institucional de Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 249, La Escalera-Ticomán, Mexico City CP 07320, Mexico
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17
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Mehrbod P, Ande SR, Alizadeh J, Rahimizadeh S, Shariati A, Malek H, Hashemi M, Glover KKM, Sher AA, Coombs KM, Ghavami S. The roles of apoptosis, autophagy and unfolded protein response in arbovirus, influenza virus, and HIV infections. Virulence 2019; 10:376-413. [PMID: 30966844 PMCID: PMC6527025 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1605803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus infection induces different cellular responses in infected cells. These include cellular stress responses like autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR). Both autophagy and UPR are connected to programed cell death I (apoptosis) in chronic stress conditions to regulate cellular homeostasis via Bcl2 family proteins, CHOP and Beclin-1. In this review article we first briefly discuss arboviruses, influenza virus, and HIV and then describe the concepts of apoptosis, autophagy, and UPR. Finally, we focus upon how apoptosis, autophagy, and UPR are involved in the regulation of cellular responses to arboviruses, influenza virus and HIV infections. Abbreviation: AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; ATF6: Activating Transcription Factor 6; ATG6: Autophagy-specific Gene 6; BAG3: BCL Associated Athanogene 3; Bak: BCL-2-Anatagonist/Killer1; Bax; BCL-2: Associated X protein; Bcl-2: B cell Lymphoma 2x; BiP: Chaperon immunoglobulin heavy chain binding Protein; CARD: Caspase Recruitment Domain; cART: combination Antiretroviral Therapy; CCR5: C-C Chemokine Receptor type 5; CD4: Cluster of Differentiation 4; CHOP: C/EBP homologous protein; CXCR4: C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4; Cyto c: Cytochrome C; DCs: Dendritic Cells; EDEM1: ER-degradation enhancing-a-mannosidase-like protein 1; ENV: Envelope; ER: Endoplasmic Reticulum; FasR: Fas Receptor;G2: Gap 2; G2/M: Gap2/Mitosis; GFAP: Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; GP120: Glycoprotein120; GP41: Glycoprotein41; HAND: HIV Associated Neurodegenerative Disease; HEK: Human Embryonic Kidney; HeLa: Human Cervical Epithelial Carcinoma; HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; IPS-1: IFN-β promoter stimulator 1; IRE-1: Inositol Requiring Enzyme 1; IRGM: Immunity Related GTPase Family M protein; LAMP2A: Lysosome Associated Membrane Protein 2A; LC3: Microtubule Associated Light Chain 3; MDA5: Melanoma Differentiation Associated gene 5; MEF: Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast; MMP: Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization; Nef: Negative Regulatory Factor; OASIS: Old Astrocyte Specifically Induced Substrate; PAMP: Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern; PERK: Pancreatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase; PRR: Pattern Recognition Receptor; Puma: P53 Upregulated Modulator of Apoptosis; RIG-I: Retinoic acid-Inducible Gene-I; Tat: Transactivator Protein of HIV; TLR: Toll-like receptor; ULK1: Unc51 Like Autophagy Activating Kinase 1; UPR: Unfolded Protein Response; Vpr: Viral Protein Regulatory; XBP1: X-Box Binding Protein 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Past eur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sudharsana R. Ande
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy & Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children‘s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Shahrzad Rahimizadeh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Assiniboine Community College, School of Health and Human Services and Continuing Education, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Aryana Shariati
- Department of Human Anatomy & Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hadis Malek
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Kathleen K. M. Glover
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Affan A. Sher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kevin M. Coombs
- Children‘s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy & Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children‘s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Health Policy Research Centre, Shiraz Medical University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
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18
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Castillo-Méndez M, Valverde-Garduño V. Aedes aegypti Immune Response and Its Potential Impact on Dengue Virus Transmission. Viral Immunol 2019; 33:38-47. [PMID: 31738698 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) transmission to human populations requires infection of vector mosquitoes as an essential component of the transmission process. DENV transmission leads to infections that range from asymptomatic to life-threatening pathologies, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of DENV, and its vector competence consists of the intrinsic factors, genes, molecules, and pathways that allow infection, replication, and dissemination of this virus throughout the cells of mosquito tissues. In the search for mosquito molecular targets to block DENV transmission, the effect of DENV infection on mosquitoes has been an important focus of research. In this study, we review the findings of research on the effect of DENV infection on mosquito tissue cells and the immunity pathways and molecules that are involved in this infection. We emphasize the relevance of recent findings to understand the relationship between Ae. aegypti immune response, vector competence, and DENV transmission to human hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Castillo-Méndez
- Departamento de Infección e Inmunidad, Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.,Escuela de Salud Pública de México, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Verónica Valverde-Garduño
- Departamento de Infección e Inmunidad, Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.,Escuela de Salud Pública de México, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
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19
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Nguyen HC, Park H, Shin HJ, Nguyen NM, Nguyen ATV, Trinh TTT, Duong THY, Tuong HT, Hoang VT, Seo GE, Sohn HJ, Yeo SJ. Fluorescent Immunosorbent Assay for Chikungunya Virus Detection. Intervirology 2019; 62:145-155. [PMID: 31533104 DOI: 10.1159/000502823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When infected with the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), 3% to 28% of CHIKV-infected individuals remain asymptomatic, necessitating the development of improved high-throughput screening methods to overcome the limitations of molecular diagnostics or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). OBJECTIVE In this study, two novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting envelope 1 (E1) of CHIKV were developed and applied in a fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) using coumarin-derived dendrimer as the fluorophore. METHODS The performance of the FLISA was compared with that of ELISA. RESULTS Using the two novel mAbs (2B5 and 2C8), FLISA could detect 1 × 105 PFU/mL of CHIKV, exhibiting a 2-fold lower limit of detection (LOD) compared to ELISA. The LOD of FICT corresponded to a comparative threshold value of 23.95 and 4 × 106 of RNA copy number/µL. In the presence of human sera and blood, virus detection by FLISA was 3-fold better than ELISA, with an LOD of 2 × 105 PFU/mL. Sera and blood interfered with the ELISA, resulting in 6 × 105 PFU/mL as the LOD. CONCLUSIONS FLISA using two novel mAbs and coumarin-derived dendrimer is a superior diagnostic assay for detecting CHIKV in human sera and blood, compared to conventional ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Chien Nguyen
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Joon Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Minh Nguyen
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh Thi Viet Nguyen
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Thuy-Tien Thi Trinh
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Hai Yen Duong
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hien Thi Tuong
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Vui Thi Hoang
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Eun Seo
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jin Sohn
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ju Yeo
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea,
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20
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The Mosquito Immune System and the Life of Dengue Virus: What We Know and Do Not Know. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8020077. [PMID: 31200426 PMCID: PMC6631187 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses are largely transmitted to humans by their arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes or ticks. The dengue virus (DENV) is one of the members of the family Flaviviridae and is the causative agent of dengue fever. In the mosquito vector, DENV enters through viremic blood meal and replicates in the mid-gut. Newly formed virion particles circulate to various mosquito organs and get transmitted to the next host in subsequent bites. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus have intricate immune control to allow DENV production at a sub-pathogenic level. In the mosquito, antimicrobial peptides (AMP) and RNA inference (RNAi) are the two main antiviral strategies used against DENV. Apart from innate immunity, mosquito resident microbes play a significant role in modulating DENV replication. In this review, we discuss different immune mechanisms and preventive strategies that act against DENV in two of its vectors: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.
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21
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A secret that underlies Parkinson's disease: The damaging cycle. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104484. [PMID: 31173779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder, and its common characteristics include the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of a special type of cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra pars compacta, which are more prevalent in the elderly. However, the pathophysiology of PD is still elusive. In this review, we summarized five common factors involved in PD, namely, (i) oxidative stress, (ii) mitochondrial dysfunction, (iii) inflammation, (iv) abnormal α-synuclein, and (v) endogenous neurotoxins, and proposed a hypothesis involving a damaging cycle. Oxidative stress-triggered aldehydes react with biogenic amines to produce endogenous neurotoxins. They cause mitochondrial dysfunction and the formation of inflammasomes, which induce the activation of neuroglial cells and the infiltration of T lymphocytes. The synergistic effect of these processes fosters chronic inflammation and α-synuclein aggregation and further exacerbates the impact of oxidative stress to establish a damaging cycle that eventually results in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. This damaging cycle provides an explanation of progressive neuronal death during the pathogenesis of PD and provides new potential targets beneficial for developing new drugs and approaches for clinical neuroprotection.
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22
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Miller JR, Koren S, Dilley KA, Puri V, Brown DM, Harkins DM, Thibaud-Nissen F, Rosen B, Chen XG, Tu Z, Sharakhov IV, Sharakhova MV, Sebra R, Stockwell TB, Bergman NH, Sutton GG, Phillippy AM, Piermarini PM, Shabman RS. Analysis of the Aedes albopictus C6/36 genome provides insight into cell line utility for viral propagation. Gigascience 2018; 7:1-13. [PMID: 29329394 PMCID: PMC5869287 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/gix135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 50-year-old Aedes albopictus C6/36 cell line is a resource for the detection, amplification, and analysis of mosquito-borne viruses including Zika, dengue, and chikungunya. The cell line is derived from an unknown number of larvae from an unspecified strain of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Toward improved utility of the cell line for research in virus transmission, we present an annotated assembly of the C6/36 genome. Results The C6/36 genome assembly has the largest contig N50 (3.3 Mbp) of any mosquito assembly, presents the sequences of both haplotypes for most of the diploid genome, reveals independent null mutations in both alleles of the Dicer locus, and indicates a male-specific genome. Gene annotation was computed with publicly available mosquito transcript sequences. Gene expression data from cell line RNA sequence identified enrichment of growth-related pathways and conspicuous deficiency in aquaporins and inward rectifier K+ channels. As a test of utility, RNA sequence data from Zika-infected cells were mapped to the C6/36 genome and transcriptome assemblies. Host subtraction reduced the data set by 89%, enabling faster characterization of nonhost reads. Conclusions The C6/36 genome sequence and annotation should enable additional uses of the cell line to study arbovirus vector interactions and interventions aimed at restricting the spread of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Miller
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.,College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV 25443, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kari A Dilley
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Vinita Puri
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - David M Brown
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Derek M Harkins
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Rosen
- USDA 10300 Baltimore Ave., Bldg 306 Barc-East, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
| | - Xiao-Guang Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhijian Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and the Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Igor V Sharakhov
- Department of Entomology and the Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Laboratory of Ecology, Genetics and Environmental Protection, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria V Sharakhova
- Department of Entomology and the Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Laboratory of Ecology, Genetics and Environmental Protection, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Robert Sebra
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | - Granger G Sutton
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Adam M Phillippy
- Genome Informatics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter M Piermarini
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.,Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Reed S Shabman
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9714 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.,ATCC, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
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23
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Leggewie M, Schnettler E. RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity in insects and their possible application. Curr Opin Virol 2018; 32:108-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Kim DTH, Bao DT, Park H, Ngoc NM, Yeo SJ. Development of a novel peptide aptamer-based immunoassay to detect Zika virus in serum and urine. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:3629-3642. [PMID: 30026871 PMCID: PMC6037026 DOI: 10.7150/thno.25955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has been identified as a cause of adverse outcomes of pregnancy, including microcephaly and other congenital diseases. Most people infected with ZIKV do not show any symptoms. Development of a method to discriminate dengue virus (DENV) and ZIKV infections has been challenging, and efficient assays for patient management are limited, attributable to high levels of cross-reactivity among co-circulating Flaviviruses. Thus, there is an urgent need for a specific high-throughput diagnostic assay to discriminate ZIKV infections from other Flavivirus infections. Methods: A novel epitope peptide of the ZIKV envelope protein was predicted using three immune epitope database analysis tools and then further modified. A molecular docking study was conducted using three-dimensional structures of the ZIKV envelope and peptide. Experimentally, interactions between the selected peptides and virus were assessed via a fluorescence-linked sandwich immunosorbent assay (FLISA), and performance of peptide-linked sandwich FLISA was evaluated in virus-spiked human serum and urine. Results: The Z_10.8 peptide (KRAVVSCAEA) was predicted to be a suitable detector, with a higher binding affinity than other candidates based on four criteria (binding affinity, root mean square deviation, position of amine residue of lysine at the N-terminus, and interactive site) in a docking study. Z_10.8 was significantly more efficient at detecting ZIKV than the other two peptides, as shown in the direct FLISA (P < 0.001). Further, the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) for the Z_10.8 peptide was 706.0 ± 177.9 (mean ± SD, nM), with specificity to discriminate ZIKV from DENV. The limit of detection for the sandwich FLISA was calculated as 1×104 tissue culture infective dose (TCID)50/mL. The presence of serum or urine did not interfere with the performance of the Z_10.8-linked sandwich FLISA. Conclusion: Four criteria are suggested for the development of an in silico modeled peptide aptamer; this computerized peptide aptamer discriminated ZIKV from DENV via immunoassay.
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25
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Analysis of the microRNA expression profiles in DEF cells infected with duck Tembusu virus. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 63:126-134. [PMID: 29803008 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), belonging to the Flaviviridae family, is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus. Since April 2010, the outbreak of DTMUV in southeast provinces of China has caused great economic losses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important regulatory roles in viral infection through binding to the host target genes or the viral genomes. To better understanding the molecular mechanisms of virus-host interaction, here we identified the miRNA expression profiles in DTMUV-infected and uninfected DEF cells by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 287 known and 63 novel miRNAs were identified. 48 miRNAs, including 26 known miRNAs and 22 novel miRNAs, were differentially expressed in response to DTMUV infection. Among these miRNAs, 37 miRNAs were up-regulated and 11 miRNAs were down-regulated. 9 miRNAs were randomly selected for validation by qRT-PCR experiment. The results of qRT-PCR experiment were consistent with the sequencing data. GO enrichment showed that the predicted targets of these differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in the regulation of immune system, cellular process and metabolic process. KEGG pathways analysis showed that predicted target genes were involved in several signaling pathways such as Wnt signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway. This is the first study to evaluate changes of miRNA expression in DEF cells upon DTMUV infection. Our findings provide important clues for better understanding the DTMUV-host interaction.
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26
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Wei G, Sun L, Li R, Li L, Xu J, Ma F. Dynamic miRNA-mRNA regulations are essential for maintaining Drosophila immune homeostasis during Micrococcus luteus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 81:210-224. [PMID: 29198775 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen bacteria infections can lead to dynamic changes of microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression profiles, which may control synergistically the outcome of immune responses. To reveal the role of dynamic miRNA-mRNA regulation in Drosophila innate immune responses, we have detailedly analyzed the paired miRNA and mRNA expression profiles at three time points during Drosophila adult males with Micrococcus luteus (M. luteus) infection using RNA- and small RNA-seq data. Our results demonstrate that differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs represent extensively dynamic changes over three time points during Drosophila with M. luteus infection. The pathway enrichment analysis indicates that differentially expressed genes are involved in diverse signaling pathways, including Toll and Imd as well as orther signaling pathways at three time points during Drosophila with M. luteus infection. Remarkably, the dynamic change of miRNA expression is delayed by compared to mRNA expression change over three time points, implying that the "time" parameter should be considered when the function of miRNA/mRNA is further studied. In particular, the dynamic miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks have shown that miRNAs may synergistically regulate gene expressions of different signaling pathways to promote or inhibit innate immune responses and maintain homeostasis in Drosophila, and some new regulators involved in Drosophila innate immune response have been identified. Our findings strongly suggest that miRNA regulation is a key mechanism involved in fine-tuning cooperatively gene expressions of diverse signaling pathways to maintain innate immune response and homeostasis in Drosophila. Taken together, the present study reveals a novel role of dynamic miRNA-mRNA regulation in immune response to bacteria infection, and provides a new insight into the underlying molecular regulatory mechanism of Drosophila innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyun Wei
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lianjie Sun
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Ruimin Li
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lei Li
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China; Laboratory of Intelligent Computation, School of Computer Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jiao Xu
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China.
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MiRNA-124 is a link between measles virus persistent infection and cell division of human neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187077. [PMID: 29073265 PMCID: PMC5658143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Measles virus (MV) infects a variety of lymphoid and non-lymphoid peripheral organs. However, in rare cases, the virus can persistently infect cells within the central nervous system. Although some of the factors that allow MV to persist are known, the contribution of host cell-encoded microRNAs (miRNA) have not been described. MiRNAs are a class of noncoding RNAs transcribed from genomes of all multicellular organisms and some viruses, which regulate gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. We have studied the contribution of host cell-encoded miRNAs to the establishment of MV persistent infection in human neuroblastoma cells. Persistent MV infection was accompanied by differences in the expression profile and levels of several host cell-encoded microRNAs as compared to uninfected cells. MV persistence infection of a human neuroblastoma cell line (UKF-NB-MV), exhibit high miRNA-124 expression, and reduced expression of cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), a known target of miRNA-124, resulting in slower cell division but not cell death. By contrast, acute MV infection of UKF-NB cells did not result in increased miRNA-124 levels or CDK6 reduction. Ectopic overexpression of miRNA-124 affected cell viability only in UKF-NB-MV cells, causing cell death; implying that miRNA-124 over expression can sensitize cells to death only in the presence of MV persistent infection. To determine if miRNA-124 directly contributes to the establishment of MV persistence, UKF-NB cells overexpressing miRNA-124 were acutely infected, resulting in establishment of persistently infected colonies. We propose that miRNA-124 triggers a CDK6-dependent decrease in cell proliferation, which facilitates the establishment of MV persistence in neuroblastoma cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the role of a specific miRNA in MV persistence.
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28
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Saucereau Y, Valiente Moro C, Dieryckx C, Dupuy JW, Tran FH, Girard V, Potier P, Mavingui P. Comprehensive proteome profiling in Aedes albopictus to decipher Wolbachia-arbovirus interference phenomenon. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:635. [PMID: 28821226 PMCID: PMC5563009 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aedes albopictus is a vector of arboviruses that cause severe diseases in humans such as Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika fevers. The vector competence of Ae. albopictus varies depending on the mosquito population involved and the virus transmitted. Wolbachia infection status in believed to be among key elements that determine viral transmission efficiency. Little is known about the cellular functions mobilized in Ae. albopictus during co-infection by Wolbachia and a given arbovirus. To decipher this tripartite interaction at the molecular level, we performed a proteome analysis in Ae. albopictus C6/36 cells mono-infected by Wolbachia wAlbB strain or Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and bi-infected. Results We first confirmed significant inhibition of CHIKV by Wolbachia. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by nano liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, we identified 600 unique differentially expressed proteins mostly related to glycolysis, translation and protein metabolism. Wolbachia infection had greater impact on cellular functions than CHIKV infection, inducing either up or down-regulation of proteins associated with metabolic processes such as glycolysis and ATP metabolism, or structural glycoproteins and capsid proteins in the case of bi-infection with CHIKV. CHIKV infection inhibited expression of proteins linked with the processes of transcription, translation, lipid storage and miRNA pathways. Conclusions The results of our proteome profiling have provided new insights into the molecular pathways involved in tripartite Ae. albopictus-Wolbachia-CHIKV interaction and may help defining targets for the better implementation of Wolbachia-based strategies for disease transmission control. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3985-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Saucereau
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS, UMR5557, Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France.,INRA, UMR1418, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claire Valiente Moro
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS, UMR5557, Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France.,INRA, UMR1418, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Cindy Dieryckx
- Laboratoire Mixte UMR 5240, Plateforme de Protéomique, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Plateforme Protéome, Université Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florence-Hélène Tran
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS, UMR5557, Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France.,INRA, UMR1418, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Girard
- Laboratoire Mixte UMR 5240, Plateforme de Protéomique, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Potier
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS, UMR5557, Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France.,INRA, UMR1418, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Patrick Mavingui
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France. .,Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France. .,CNRS, UMR5557, Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France. .,INRA, UMR1418, Villeurbanne, France. .,CNRS 9192, INSERM U1187, IRD 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT). Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de La Réunion, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte Clotilde, île de La Réunion, France.
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29
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Trujillo-Ocampo A, Cázares-Raga FE, del Angel RM, Medina-Ramírez F, Santos-Argumedo L, Rodríguez MH, Hernández-Hernández FDLC. Participation of 14-3-3ε and 14-3-3ζ proteins in the phagocytosis, component of cellular immune response, in Aedes mosquito cell lines. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:362. [PMID: 28764795 PMCID: PMC5540338 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Better knowledge of the innate immune system of insects will improve our understanding of mosquitoes as potential vectors of diverse pathogens. The ubiquitously expressed 14-3-3 protein family is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to mammals, and at least two isoforms of 14-3-3, the ε and ζ, have been identified in insects. These proteins have been shown to participate in both humoral and cellular immune responses in Drosophila. As mosquitoes of the genus Aedes are the primary vectors for arboviruses, causing several diseases such as dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya fevers, cell lines derived from these mosquitoes, Aag-2 from Aedes aegypti and C6/36 HT from Aedes albopictus, are currently used to study the insect immune system. Here, we investigated the role of 14-3-3 proteins (ε and ζ isoform) in phagocytosis, the main cellular immune responses executed by the insects, using Aedes spp. cell lines. RESULTS We evaluated the mRNA and protein expression of 14-3-3ε and 14-3-3ζ in C6/36 HT and Aag-2 cells, and demonstrated that both proteins were localised in the cytoplasm. Further, in C6/36 HT cells treated with a 14-3-3 specific inhibitor we observed a notable modification of cell morphology with filopodia-like structure caused through cytoskeleton reorganisation (co-localization of 14-3-3 proteins with F-actin), more importantly the decrease in Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli phagocytosis and reduction in phagolysosome formation. Additionally, silencing of 14-3-3ε and 14-3-3ζ expression by mean of specific DsiRNA confirmed the decreased phagocytosis and phagolysosome formation of pHrodo labelled E. coli and S. aureus bacteria by Aag-2 cells. CONCLUSION The 14-3-3ε and 14-3-3ζ proteins modulate cytoskeletal remodelling, and are essential for phagocytosis of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in Aedes spp. cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Trujillo-Ocampo
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Febe Elena Cázares-Raga
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rosa María del Angel
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fernando Medina-Ramírez
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Santos-Argumedo
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mario H. Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
| | - Fidel de la Cruz Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
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