1
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Quesnelle DC, Huang C, Boudreau JR, Lam A, Paw J, Bendena WG, Chin-Sang ID. C. elegans vab-6 encodes a KIF3A kinesin and functions cell non-autonomously to regulate epidermal morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2023; 497:33-41. [PMID: 36893881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Cells undergo strict regulation to develop their shape in a process called morphogenesis. Caenorhabditis elegans with mutations in the variable abnormal (vab) class of genes have been shown to display epidermal and neuronal morphological defects. While several vab genes have been well-characterized, the function of the vab-6 gene remains unknown. Here, we show that vab-6 is synonymous with a subunit of the kinesin-II heterotrimeric motor complex called klp-20/Kif3a, a motor well-understood to be involved in developing sensory cilia in the nervous system. We show that certain klp-20 alleles cause animals to develop a bumpy body phenotype that is variable but most severe in mutants containing single amino-acid substitutions in the catalytic head-domain sites of the protein. Surprisingly, animals carrying a klp-20 null allele do not show the bumpy epidermal phenotype suggesting genetic redundancy and only when mutant versions of the KLP-20 protein are present, the epidermal phenotype is observed. The bumpy epidermal phenotype was not observed in other kinesin-2 mutants, suggesting that KLP-20 is functioning independently from its role in intraflagellar transport (IFT) during ciliogenesis. Interestingly, despite having such a prominent epidermal phenotype, KLP-20 is not expressed in the epidermis, strongly suggesting a cell non-autonomous role in which it regulates epidermal morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cindy Huang
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Annie Lam
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jadine Paw
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ian D Chin-Sang
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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2
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Sharif AS, Gerstner CD, Cady MA, Arshavsky VY, Mitchell C, Ying G, Frederick JM, Baehr W. Deletion of the phosphatase INPP5E in the murine retina impairs photoreceptor axoneme formation and prevents disc morphogenesis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100529. [PMID: 33711342 PMCID: PMC8047226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INPP5E, also known as pharbin, is a ubiquitously expressed phosphatidylinositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase that is typically located in the primary cilia and modulates the phosphoinositide composition of membranes. Mutations to or loss of INPP5E is associated with ciliary dysfunction. INPP5E missense mutations of the phosphatase catalytic domain cause Joubert syndrome in humans-a syndromic ciliopathy affecting multiple tissues including the brain, liver, kidney, and retina. In contrast to other primary cilia, photoreceptor INPP5E is prominently expressed in the inner segment and connecting cilium and absent in the outer segment, which is a modified primary cilium dedicated to phototransduction. To investigate how loss of INPP5e causes retina degeneration, we generated mice with a retina-specific KO (Inpp5eF/F;Six3Cre, abbreviated as retInpp5e-/-). These mice exhibit a rapidly progressing rod-cone degeneration resembling Leber congenital amaurosis that is nearly completed by postnatal day 21 (P21) in the central retina. Mutant cone outer segments contain vesicles instead of discs as early as P8. Although P10 mutant outer segments contain structural and phototransduction proteins, axonemal structure and disc membranes fail to form. Connecting cilia of retInpp5e-/- rods display accumulation of intraflagellar transport particles A and B at their distal ends, suggesting disrupted intraflagellar transport. Although INPP5E ablation may not prevent delivery of outer segment-specific proteins by means of the photoreceptor secretory pathway, its absence prevents the assembly of axonemal and disc components. Herein, we suggest a model for INPP5E-Leber congenital amaurosis, proposing how deletion of INPP5E may interrupt axoneme extension and disc membrane elaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Sharif
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cecilia D Gerstner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Martha A Cady
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vadim Y Arshavsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christina Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guoxin Ying
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jeanne M Frederick
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Wolfgang Baehr
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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3
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Petriman NA, Lorentzen E. Structural insights into the architecture and assembly of eukaryotic flagella. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2020; 7:289-299. [PMID: 33150161 PMCID: PMC7590530 DOI: 10.15698/mic2020.11.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cilia and flagella are slender projections found on most eukaryotic cells including unicellular organisms such as Chlamydomonas, Trypanosoma and Tetrahymena, where they serve motility and signaling functions. The cilium is a large molecular machine consisting of hundreds of different proteins that are trafficked into the organelle to organize a repetitive microtubule-based axoneme. Several recent studies took advantage of improved cryo-EM methodology to unravel the high-resolution structures of ciliary complexes. These include the recently reported purification and structure determination of axonemal doublet microtubules from the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which allows for the modeling of more than 30 associated protein factors to provide deep molecular insight into the architecture and repetitive nature of doublet microtubules. In addition, we will review several recent contributions that dissect the structure and function of ciliary trafficking complexes that ferry structural and signaling components between the cell body and the cilium organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcis-Adrian Petriman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10c, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Esben Lorentzen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10c, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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4
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Singh S, Adam M, Matkar PN, Bugyei-Twum A, Desjardins JF, Chen HH, Nguyen H, Bazinet H, Michels D, Liu Z, Mebrahtu E, Esene L, Joseph J, Ehsan M, Qadura M, Connelly KA, Leong-Poi H, Singh KK. Endothelial-specific Loss of IFT88 Promotes Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Exacerbates Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4466. [PMID: 32161282 PMCID: PMC7066128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraflagellar transport protein 88 (Ift88) is required for ciliogenesis and shear stress-induced dissolution of cilia in embryonic endothelial cells coincides with endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in the developing heart. EndMT is also suggested to underlie heart and lung fibrosis, however, the mechanism linking endothelial Ift88, its effect on EndMT and organ fibrosis remains mainly unexplored. We silenced Ift88 in endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro and generated endothelial cell-specific Ift88-knockout mice (Ift88endo) in vivo to evaluate EndMT and its contribution towards organ fibrosis, respectively. Ift88-silencing in ECs led to mesenchymal cells-like changes in endothelial cells. The expression level of the endothelial markers (CD31, Tie-2 and VE-cadherin) were significantly reduced with a concomitant increase in the expression level of mesenchymal markers (αSMA, N-Cadherin and FSP-1) in Ift88-silenced ECs. Increased EndMT was associated with increased expression of profibrotic Collagen I expression and increased proliferation in Ift88-silenced ECs. Loss of Ift88 in ECs was further associated with increased expression of Sonic Hedgehog signaling effectors. In vivo, endothelial cells isolated from the heart and lung of Ift88endo mice demonstrated loss of Ift88 expression in the endothelium. The Ift88endo mice were born in expected Mendelian ratios without any adverse cardiac phenotypes at baseline. Cardiac and pulmonary endothelial cells isolated from the Ift88endo mice demonstrated signs of EndMT and bleomycin treatment exacerbated pulmonary fibrosis in Ift88endo mice. Pressure overload stress in the form of aortic banding did not reveal a significant difference in cardiac fibrosis between Ift88endo mice and control mice. Our findings demonstrate a novel association between endothelial cilia with EndMT and cell proliferation and also show that loss of endothelial cilia-associated increase in EndMT contributes specifically towards pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Mohamed Adam
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Pratiek N Matkar
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Antoinette Bugyei-Twum
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Desjardins
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Hao H Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Hien Nguyen
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Hannah Bazinet
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - David Michels
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Zongyi Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Mebrahtu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Lillian Esene
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Jameela Joseph
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Mehroz Ehsan
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Vascular Surgery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Kim A Connelly
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Howard Leong-Poi
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada. .,Vascular Surgery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada. .,Departments of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada. .,Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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5
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Shen HQ, Xiao YX, She ZY, Tan FQ, Yang WX. A novel role of KIF3b in the seminoma cell cycle. Exp Cell Res 2017; 352:95-103. [PMID: 28161539 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
KIF3b is a protein of the kinesin-2 family which plays an important role in intraflagellar transport. Testis cancer is a common cancer among young men. Its diagnostic rate is increasing and over half of the cases are seminomas. Many aspects of the mechanism and gene expression background of this cancer remain unclear. Using western-blotting and semi-quantitative PCR we found high protein levels of KIF3b enrichment in seminoma tissue despite the mRNA levels remaining equivalent to that of normal testicular tissues. The distribution of KIF3b was mainly in cells with division potential. Wound-healing assays and cell counting kit assays showed that the knockdown of KIF3b significantly suppressed cell migration ability, viability and number in HeLa cells. Immunofluorescence images during the cell cycle revealed that KIF3b tended to gather at the spindles and was enriched at the central spindle. This indicated that KIF3b may also have direct impacts upon spindle formation and cytokinesis. By counting the numbers of nuclei, spindles and cells, we found that the rates of multipolar division and multi-nucleation were raised in KIF3b-knockdown cells. In this way we demonstrate that KIF3b functions importantly in mitosis and may be essential to seminoma cell division and proliferation as well as being necessary for normal cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Qing Shen
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu-Xi Xiao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fu-Qing Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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6
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Guzik-Lendrum S, Rank KC, Bensel BM, Taylor KC, Rayment I, Gilbert SP. Kinesin-2 KIF3AC and KIF3AB Can Drive Long-Range Transport along Microtubules. Biophys J 2016; 109:1472-82. [PMID: 26445448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian KIF3AC is classified as a heterotrimeric kinesin-2 that is best known for organelle transport in neurons, yet in vitro studies to characterize its single molecule behavior are lacking. The results presented show that a KIF3AC motor that includes the native helix α7 sequence for coiled-coil formation is highly processive with run lengths of ∼1.23 μm and matching those exhibited by conventional kinesin-1. This result was unexpected because KIF3AC exhibits the canonical kinesin-2 neck-linker sequence that has been reported to be responsible for shorter run lengths observed for another heterotrimeric kinesin-2, KIF3AB. However, KIF3AB with its native neck linker and helix α7 is also highly processive with run lengths of ∼1.62 μm and exceeding those of KIF3AC and kinesin-1. Loop L11, a component of the microtubule-motor interface and implicated in activating ADP release upon microtubule collision, is significantly extended in KIF3C as compared with other kinesins. A KIF3AC encoding a truncation in KIF3C loop L11 (KIF3ACΔL11) exhibited longer run lengths at ∼1.55 μm than wild-type KIF3AC and were more similar to KIF3AB run lengths, suggesting that L11 also contributes to tuning motor processivity. The steady-state ATPase results show that shortening L11 does not alter kcat, consistent with the observation that single molecule velocities are not affected by this truncation. However, shortening loop L11 of KIF3C significantly increases the microtubule affinity of KIF3ACΔL11, revealing another structural and mechanistic property that can modulate processivity. The results presented provide new, to our knowledge, insights to understand structure-function relationships governing processivity and a better understanding of the potential of KIF3AC for long-distance transport in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Guzik-Lendrum
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Katherine C Rank
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Brandon M Bensel
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Keenan C Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ivan Rayment
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | - Susan P Gilbert
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.
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7
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Masyukova SV, Landis DE, Henke SJ, Williams CL, Pieczynski JN, Roszczynialski KN, Covington JE, Malarkey EB, Yoder BK. A Screen for Modifiers of Cilia Phenotypes Reveals Novel MKS Alleles and Uncovers a Specific Genetic Interaction between osm-3 and nphp-4. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005841. [PMID: 26863025 PMCID: PMC4749664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a ciliopathy in which genetic modifiers may underlie the variable penetrance of clinical features. To identify modifiers, a screen was conducted on C. elegans nphp-4(tm925) mutants. Mutations in ten loci exacerbating nphp-4(tm925) ciliary defects were obtained. Four loci have been identified, three of which are established ciliopathy genes mks-1, mks-2, and mks-5. The fourth allele (yhw66) is a missense mutation (S316F) in OSM-3, a kinesin required for cilia distal segment assembly. While osm-3(yhw66) mutants alone have no overt cilia phenotype, nphp-4(tm925);osm-3(yhw66) double mutants lack distal segments and are dye-filling (Dyf) and osmotic avoidance (Osm) defective, similar to osm-3(mn357) null mutants. In osm-3(yhw66) mutants anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) velocity is reduced. Furthermore, expression of OSM-3(S316F)::GFP reduced IFT velocities in nphp-4(tm925) mutants, but not in wild type animals. In silico analysis indicates the S316F mutation may affect a phosphorylation site. Putative phospho-null OSM-3(S316F) and phospho-mimetic OSM-3(S316D) proteins accumulate at the cilia base and tip respectively. FRAP analysis indicates that the cilia entry rate of OSM-3(S316F) is slower than OSM-3 and that in the presence of OSM-3(S316F), OSM-3 and OSM-3(S316D) rates decrease. In the presence OSM-3::GFP or OSM-3(S316D)::GFP, OSM-3(S316F)::tdTomato redistributes along the cilium and accumulates in the cilia tip. OSM-3(S316F) and OSM-3(S316D) are functional as they restore cilia distal segment formation in osm-3(mn357) null mutants; however, only OSM-3(S316F) rescues the osm-3(mn357) null Dyf phenotype. Despite rescue of cilia length in osm-3(mn357) null mutants, neither OSM-3(S316F) nor OSM-3(S316D) restores ciliary defects in nphp-4(tm925);osm-3(yhw66) double mutants. Thus, these OSM-3 mutations cause NPHP-4 dependent and independent phenotypes. These data indicate that in addition to regulating cilia protein entry or exit, NPHP-4 influences localization and function of a distal ciliary kinesin. Moreover, data suggest human OSM-3 homolog (Kif17) could act as a modifying locus affecting disease penetrance or expressivity in NPHP patients. Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy that has minimal genotype-phenotype correlation. The cause of this variation is not known, but could result from additional mutations in the patients’ backgrounds capable of modifying the phenotype. To identify candidate NPHP modifying loci, we conducted an enhancer mutagenesis screen using C. elegans nphp-4(tm925) mutants. Mutations in ten loci were obtained that severely exacerbated the cilia defects in the nphp-4(tm925) mutants, but importantly, had minimal defects in the absence of the nphp-4 mutation. Here we identified four of these loci, each encoding a cilia protein. Three mutations are in known ciliopathy genes, mks-1, mks-2 and mks-5. The fourth allele is a missense (S316F) mutation in OSM-3, a kinesin required for distal cilia assembly and is the sole kinesin responsible for intraflagellar transport along the cilia distal segment in C. elegans. The osm-3(yhw66) mutation affects a putative phosphorylation site that is important for OSM-3 localization, movement, and function, largely in an nphp-4 dependent manner. These data establish a genetic interaction between osm-3 and nphp-4 that regulates kinesin activity and localization and raises the possibility that mutations in Kif17, the mammalian homolog of osm-3, may influence the phenotypes in human NPHP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Masyukova
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Dawn E. Landis
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Scott J. Henke
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Corey L. Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jay N. Pieczynski
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Kelly N. Roszczynialski
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jannese E. Covington
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Erik B. Malarkey
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Bradley K. Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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8
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Jiang L, Tam BM, Ying G, Wu S, Hauswirth WW, Frederick JM, Moritz OL, Baehr W. Kinesin family 17 (osmotic avoidance abnormal-3) is dispensable for photoreceptor morphology and function. FASEB J 2015; 29:4866-80. [PMID: 26229057 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-275677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In Caenorhabditis elegans, homodimeric [kinesin family (KIF) 17, osmotic avoidance abnormal-3 (OSM-3)] and heterotrimeric (KIF3) kinesin-2 motors are required to establish sensory cilia by intraflagellar transport (IFT) where KIF3 and KIF17 cooperate to build the axoneme core and KIF17 builds the distal segments. However, the function of KIF17 in vertebrates is unresolved. We expressed full-length and motorless KIF17 constructs in mouse rod photoreceptors using adeno-associated virus in Xenopus laevis rod photoreceptors using a transgene and in ciliated IMCD3 cells. We found that tagged KIF17 localized along the rod outer segment axoneme when expressed in mouse and X. laevis photoreceptors, whereas KIF3A was restricted to the proximal axoneme. Motorless KIF3A and KIF17 mutants caused photoreceptor degeneration, likely through dominant negative effects on IFT. KIF17 mutant lacking the motor domain translocated to nuclei after exposure of a C-terminal nuclear localization signal. Germ-line deletion of Kif17 in mouse did not affect photoreceptor function. A rod-specific Kif3/Kif17 double knockout mouse demonstrated that KIF17 and KIF3 do not act synergistically and did not prevent rhodopsin trafficking to rod outer segments. In summary, the nematode model of KIF3/KIF17 cooperation apparently does not apply to mouse photoreceptors in which the photosensory cilium is built exclusively by KIF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Beatrice M Tam
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Guoxing Ying
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sen Wu
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - William W Hauswirth
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jeanne M Frederick
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Orson L Moritz
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Wolfgang Baehr
- *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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9
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Jiang L, Wei Y, Ronquillo CC, Marc RE, Yoder BK, Frederick JM, Baehr W. Heterotrimeric kinesin-2 (KIF3) mediates transition zone and axoneme formation of mouse photoreceptors. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12765-78. [PMID: 25825494 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.638437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) employing kinesin-2 molecular motors has been implicated in trafficking of photoreceptor outer segment proteins. We generated embryonic retina-specific (prefix "emb") and adult tamoxifen-induced (prefix "tam") deletions of KIF3a and IFT88 in adult mice to study photoreceptor ciliogenesis and protein trafficking. In (emb)Kif3a(-/-) and in (emb)Ift88(-/-) mice, basal bodies failed to extend transition zones (connecting cilia) with outer segments, and visual pigments mistrafficked. In contrast, (tam)Kif3a(-/-) and (tam)Ift88(-/-) photoreceptor axonemes disintegrated slowly post-induction, starting distally, but rhodopsin and cone pigments trafficked normally for more than 2 weeks, a time interval during which the outer segment is completely renewed. The results demonstrate that visual pigments transport to the retinal outer segment despite removal of KIF3 and IFT88, and KIF3-mediated anterograde IFT is responsible for photoreceptor transition zone and axoneme formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and
| | - Yuxiao Wei
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and
| | | | - Robert E Marc
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and
| | - Bradley K Yoder
- the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, and
| | | | - Wolfgang Baehr
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and the Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132,
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10
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Acharya BR, Espenel C, Kreitzer G. Direct regulation of microtubule dynamics by KIF17 motor and tail domains. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32302-32313. [PMID: 24072717 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.494989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
KIF17 is a kinesin-2 family motor that interacts with EB1 at microtubule (MT) plus-ends and contributes to MT stabilization in epithelial cells. The mechanism by which KIF17 affects MTs and how its activity is regulated are not yet known. Here, we show that EB1 and the KIF17 autoinhibitory tail domain (KIF17-Tail) interacted competitively with the KIF17 catalytic motor domain (K370). Both EB1 and KIF17-Tail decreased the K0.5MT of K370, with opposing effects on MT-stimulated ATPase activity. Importantly, K370 had independent effects on MT dynamic instability, resulting in formation of long MTs without affecting polymerization rate or total polymer mass. K370 also inhibited MT depolymerization induced by dilution in vitro and by nocodazole in cells, suggesting that it acts by protecting MT plus-ends. Interestingly, KIF17-Tail bound MTs and tubulin dimers, delaying initial MT polymerization in vitro and MT regrowth in cells. However, neither EB1 nor KIF17-Tail affected K370-mediated MT polymerization or stabilization significantly in vitro, and EB1 was dispensable for MT stabilization by K370 in cells. Thus, although EB1 and KIF17-Tail may coordinate KIF17 catalytic activity, our data reveal a novel and direct role for KIF17 in regulating MT dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipul R Acharya
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Cedric Espenel
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Geri Kreitzer
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065.
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11
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Bhogaraju S, Engel BD, Lorentzen E. Intraflagellar transport complex structure and cargo interactions. Cilia 2013; 2:10. [PMID: 23945166 PMCID: PMC3751104 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-2-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is required for the assembly and maintenance of cilia, as well as the proper function of ciliary motility and signaling. IFT is powered by molecular motors that move along the axonemal microtubules, carrying large complexes of IFT proteins that travel together as so-called trains. IFT complexes likely function as adaptors that mediate interactions between anterograde/retrograde motors and ciliary cargoes, facilitating cargo transport between the base and tip of the cilium. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of IFT complex structure and architecture, and discuss how interactions with cargoes and motors may be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Bhogaraju
- Department of Structural Cell Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried, D-82152, Germany.
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