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Bányai B, Vass Z, Kiss S, Balogh A, Brandhuber D, Karvaly G, Kovács K, Nádasy GL, Hunyady L, Dörnyei G, Horváth EM, Szekeres M. Role of CB1 Cannabinoid Receptors in Vascular Responses and Vascular Remodeling of the Aorta in Female Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16429. [PMID: 38003619 PMCID: PMC10671338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and estrogens have significant roles in cardiovascular control processes. Cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1Rs) mediate acute vasodilator and hypotensive effects, although their role in cardiovascular pathological conditions is still controversial. Estrogens exert cardiovascular protection in females. We aimed to study the impact of ECS on vascular functions. Experiments were performed on CB1R knockout (CB1R KO) and wild-type (WT) female mice. Plasma estrogen metabolite levels were determined. Abdominal aortas were isolated for myography and histology. Vascular effects of phenylephrine (Phe), angiotensin II, acetylcholine (Ach) and estradiol (E2) were obtained and repeated with inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS, Nω-nitro-L-arginine) and of cyclooxygenase (COX, indomethacin). Histological stainings (hematoxylin-eosin, resorcin-fuchsin) and immunostainings for endothelial NOS (eNOS), COX-2, estrogen receptors (ER-α, ER-β) were performed. Conjugated E2 levels were higher in CB1R KO compared to WT mice. Vasorelaxation responses to Ach and E2 were increased in CB1R KO mice, attenuated by NOS-inhibition. COX-inhibition decreased Phe-contractions, while it increased Ach-relaxation in the WT group but not in the CB1R KO. Effects of indomethacin on E2-relaxation in CB1R KO became opposite to that observed in WT. Histology revealed lower intima/media thickness and COX-2 density, higher eNOS and lower ER-β density in CB1R KO than in WT mice. CB1R KO female mice are characterized by increased vasorelaxation associated with increased utilization of endothelial NO and a decreased impact of constrictor prostanoids. Our results indicate that the absence or inhibition of CB1Rs may have beneficial vascular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Bányai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (S.K.); (G.L.N.); (L.H.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Zsolt Vass
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17 Vas Street, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.V.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Stella Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (S.K.); (G.L.N.); (L.H.); (E.M.H.)
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17 Vas Street, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.V.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Anikó Balogh
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17 Vas Street, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.V.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Dóra Brandhuber
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17 Vas Street, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.V.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Gellért Karvaly
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad Square, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Krisztián Kovács
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad Square, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.K.); (K.K.)
| | - György L. Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (S.K.); (G.L.N.); (L.H.); (E.M.H.)
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (S.K.); (G.L.N.); (L.H.); (E.M.H.)
- Institute of Enzymology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Dörnyei
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17 Vas Street, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.V.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Eszter Mária Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (S.K.); (G.L.N.); (L.H.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Mária Szekeres
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (S.K.); (G.L.N.); (L.H.); (E.M.H.)
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 17 Vas Street, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.V.); (A.B.); (D.B.)
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Wei J, Zhang L, Wu K, Yu J, Gao F, Cheng J, Zhang T, Zhou X, Zong Y, Huang X, Jiang C. R-(+)-WIN55212-2 protects pericytes from ischemic damage and restores retinal microcirculatory patency after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115197. [PMID: 37572634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cannabinoids are vasoactive substances that act as key regulators of arterial tone in the blood vessels supplying peripheral tissues and the central nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the potential of R-(+)-WIN55212-2 (WIN), a cannabinoid receptor 1 agonist (CB1), as a treatment for retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male Wistar rats were subjected to retinal I/R injury by increasing intraocular pressure in the anterior chamber. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, I/R, vehicle (pre-treated with dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] via intraperitoneal injection), and experimental (pre-treated with WIN at a dose of 1 ml/kg via intraperitoneal injection). The rats were sacrificed at different time points of reperfusion (1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, and 1 day) after inducing retinal I/R injury, and their retinas were collected for analysis. Oxygen-glucose deprived/reperfusion (OGD/R) was performed by initially perfusing the retinas with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF), then switching to an OGD solution to simulate ischemia, followed by another perfusion with ACSF. Pericyte contraction and the "no-reflow" phenomenon were observed using infrared differential interference contrast (IR-DIC) microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and nitric oxide (NO) detection were used to explore the potential mechanism. KEY RESULTS In both the OGD/R and I/R models, retinal pericytes exhibited persistent contraction even after reperfusion. The ability of WIN to regulate the tone of retinal pericytes and capillaries was specifically blocked by the BKCa inhibitor iberiotoxin (100 nM). WIN demonstrated a protective effect against retinal I/R injury by preserving blood flow in vessels containing pericytes. Pretreatment with WIN alleviated the persistent contraction and apoptosis of retinal pericytes in I/R-induced rats, accompanied by a reduction in intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration. The expression of CB1 decreased in a time-dependent manner in the I/R group. After I/R injury, endothelium-derived nitric oxide (eNOS) levels were reduced at all time points, which was successfully reversed by WIN therapy except for the 1 day group. Additionally, the downregulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and BKCa expression at 3 hours, 6 hours, and 1 day after I/R injury was restored by pretreatment of WIN. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS WIN exerted its protective effects on retinal I/R injury by inhibiting the contraction and apoptosis of pericytes through the CB1-eNOS-cGMP-BKCa signaling pathway, thus ameliorated the occlusion of retinal capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaicheng Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengjuan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujiao Zhou
- Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Zong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunhui Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
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Szallasi A. The Vanilloid (Capsaicin) Receptor TRPV1 in Blood Pressure Regulation: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Hypertension? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8769. [PMID: 37240118 PMCID: PMC10217837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Today's sedentary lifestyle with excess food and little exercise increases the number of people with hypertension, a major risk factor for stroke. New knowledge of treatments in this field is of utmost importance. In animal experiments, the activation by capsaicin of TRPV1-expressing sensory afferents evokes a drop in blood pressure by triggering the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. In hypertensive rats, capsaicin reduces blood pressure. Conversely, genetic ablation of the TRPV1 receptor results in elevated nocturnal (but not diurnal) blood pressure. These observations imply a therapeutic potential for TRPV1 activation in hypertensive patients. Indeed, in a major epidemiological study involving 9273 volunteers, dietary capsaicin was found to lower the risk for hypertension. New research indicates that the mechanism of action of capsaicin on blood pressure regulation is far more complex than previously thought. In addition to the well-recognized role of capsaicin-sensitive afferents in blood pressure regulation, TRPV1 seems to be expressed both in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle. This review aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of TRPV1-targeting drugs in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Szallasi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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Li Z, Zhang F, Wang S, Xiao H, Wang J, Li X, Yang H. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effects of praeruptorin a in isolated rat thoracic aorta. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10038-10046. [PMID: 35416124 PMCID: PMC9162007 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Praeruptorin A (PA) is a natural coumarin compound from the roots of Radix Peucedani and is commonly used in the treatment of certain respiratory diseases and hypertension. Although previous studies identified relaxant effects of PA on tracheal and arterial preparations, little is known about its vasodilative effects and underlying mechanisms. Here, an organ bath system and tension recording methods were used to prepare and analyze isolated rat thoracic aorta artery rings. Aorta artery rings were pre-contracted with phenylephrine and then incubated with PA, and the possible mechanism of relaxation was investigated by adding inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (L-NG-nitroarginine, L-NNA), cyclooxygenase (indomethacin), guanylyl cyclase (1 H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo [4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, ODQ), and KCa channels (tetraethylammonium, TEA). Our study showed that PA-induced vasodilation was blocked by L-NAME, L-NNA, and ODQ, while CaCl2-induced vasoconstriction was countered by PA. Thus, PA may exert a vasodilatory effect by influencing the amounts of endothelium-derived relaxing factors through endothelial-dependent NO-cGMP and prostacyclin pathways (such as NO and prostacyclin 2). In the rat thoracic aorta, PA reduces vasoconstriction by inhibiting Ca2+ inflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Big Brand League Technology Consulting Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Fengrong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shicong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Honghe Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Miklós Z, Wafa D, Nádasy GL, Tóth ZE, Besztercei B, Dörnyei G, Laska Z, Benyó Z, Ivanics T, Hunyady L, Szekeres M. Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Effects Are Modulated by Endocannabinoid-Mediated CB 1 Receptor Activation. Cells 2021; 10:724. [PMID: 33805075 PMCID: PMC8064086 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) has various cardiac effects and causes vasoconstriction. Ang II activates the type-1 angiotensin receptor-Gq/11 signaling pathway resulting in the release of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). We aimed to investigate whether cardiac Ang II effects are modulated by 2-AG-release and to identify the role of type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) in these effects. Expression of CB1R in rat cardiac tissue was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. To characterize short-term Ang II effects, increasing concentrations of Ang II (10-9-10-7 M); whereas to assess tachyphylaxis, repeated infusions of Ang II (10-7 M) were administered to isolated Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. Ang II infusions caused a decrease in coronary flow and ventricular inotropy, which was more pronounced during the first administration. CB agonist 2-AG and WIN55,212-2 administration to the perfusate enhanced coronary flow. The flow-reducing effect of Ang II was moderated in the presence of CB1R blocker O2050 and diacylglycerol-lipase inhibitor Orlistat. Our findings indicate that Ang II-induced cardiac effects are modulated by simultaneous CB1R-activation, most likely due to 2-AG-release during Ang II signalling. In this combined effect, the response to 2-AG via cardiac CB1R may counteract the positive inotropic effect of Ang II, which may decrease metabolic demand and augment Ang II-induced coronary vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Miklós
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (D.W.); (B.B.); (Z.L.); (Z.B.); (T.I.)
| | - Dina Wafa
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (D.W.); (B.B.); (Z.L.); (Z.B.); (T.I.)
| | - György L. Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (G.L.N.); (L.H.)
| | - Zsuzsanna E. Tóth
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Balázs Besztercei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (D.W.); (B.B.); (Z.L.); (Z.B.); (T.I.)
| | - Gabriella Dörnyei
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zsófia Laska
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (D.W.); (B.B.); (Z.L.); (Z.B.); (T.I.)
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (D.W.); (B.B.); (Z.L.); (Z.B.); (T.I.)
| | - Tamás Ivanics
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (D.W.); (B.B.); (Z.L.); (Z.B.); (T.I.)
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (G.L.N.); (L.H.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Semmelweis University and Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Szekeres
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (G.L.N.); (L.H.)
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Semmelweis University and Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Dao M, François H. Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Inhibition in Chronic Kidney Disease: A New Therapeutic Toolbox. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:720734. [PMID: 34305821 PMCID: PMC8293381 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.720734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) concerns millions of individuals worldwide, with few therapeutic strategies available to date. Recent evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) could be a new therapeutic target to prevent CKD. ECS combines receptors, cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R), and ligands. The most prominent receptor within the kidney is CB1R, its endogenous local ligands being anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Therefore, the present review focuses on the therapeutic potential of CB1R and not CB2R. In the normal kidney, CB1R is expressed in many cell types, especially in the vasculature where it contributes to the regulation of renal hemodynamics. CB1R could also participate to water and sodium balance and to blood pressure regulation but its precise role remains to decipher. CB1R promotes renal fibrosis in both metabolic and non-metabolic nephropathies. In metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes, CB1R inhibition not only improves metabolic parameters, but also exerts a direct role in preventing renal fibrosis. In non-metabolic nephropathies, its inhibition reduces the development of renal fibrosis. There is a growing interest of the industry to develop new CB1R antagonists without central nervous side-effects. Experimental data on renal fibrosis are encouraging and some molecules are currently under early-stage clinical phases (phases I and IIa studies). In the present review, we will first describe the role of the endocannabinoid receptors, especially CB1R, in renal physiology. We will next explore the role of endocannabinoid receptors in both metabolic and non-metabolic CKD and renal fibrosis. Finally, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of CB1R inhibition using the new pharmacological approaches. Overall, the new pharmacological blockers of CB1R could provide an additional therapeutic toolbox in the management of CKD and renal fibrosis from both metabolic and non-metabolic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Dao
- INSERM UMR_S 1155, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Néphrologie et Transplantation Rénale Adulte, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Helene François
- INSERM UMR_S 1155, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Soins Intensifs Néphrologiques et Rein Aigu (SINRA), Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Helene François,
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Type 2 Diabetes Alters Vascular Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Expression, Phosphorylation Status, and Vasorelaxation in Rat Aorta. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214948. [PMID: 33114620 PMCID: PMC7662259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested a role of the endocannabinoid system in metabolic diseases, such as diabetes. We investigated the effect of diabetes on cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) expression and cannabinoid-induced vasorelaxation in rat aorta rings. Aortas from healthy rats and from rats with experimentally induced diabetes were used to compare the vasorelaxant effect of the cannabinoid agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) and CB1 expression and localization. After 4–8 weeks of diabetes induction, CB1 receptor expression and CB1 phosphorylation were higher in aortic rings, in association with greater vasorelaxation induced by the CB1 agonist ACPA compared to healthy rats. The vasorelaxant effect observed in healthy rats is similar throughout the study. Further studies are needed to elucidate the implications of CB1 receptor overexpression in diabetes and its influence on the progression of the cardiovascular complications of this metabolic disease.
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Haspula D, Clark MA. Cannabinoid Receptors: An Update on Cell Signaling, Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities in Neurological, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7693. [PMID: 33080916 PMCID: PMC7590033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of the human cannabinoid receptors and their roles in health and disease, has been one of the most significant biochemical and pharmacological advancements to have occurred in the past few decades. In spite of the major strides made in furthering endocannabinoid research, therapeutic exploitation of the endocannabinoid system has often been a challenging task. An impaired endocannabinoid tone often manifests as changes in expression and/or functions of type 1 and/or type 2 cannabinoid receptors. It becomes important to understand how alterations in cannabinoid receptor cellular signaling can lead to disruptions in major physiological and biological functions, as they are often associated with the pathogenesis of several neurological, cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. This review focusses mostly on the pathophysiological roles of type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptors, and it attempts to integrate both cellular and physiological functions of the cannabinoid receptors. Apart from an updated review of pre-clinical and clinical studies, the adequacy/inadequacy of cannabinoid-based therapeutics in various pathological conditions is also highlighted. Finally, alternative strategies to modulate endocannabinoid tone, and future directions are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanush Haspula
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Michelle A. Clark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA
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Szekeres M, Nádasy GL, Soltész-Katona E, Hunyady L. Control of myogenic tone and agonist induced contraction of intramural coronary resistance arterioles by cannabinoid type 1 receptors and endocannabinoids. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 134:77-83. [PMID: 29031792 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It was tested whether intrinsic CB1R activation modifies myogenic and agonist induced contraction of intramural coronary resistance arteries of the rat. CB1R protein was detected by immuno-histochemistry and by Western blot, its mRNA by qRT-PCR in their wall. Microsurgically prepared cylindrical coronary segments (∼100-150μm) developed myogenic contraction (∼20% of relaxed luminal diameter), from which a substantial relaxation (∼15%) in response to WIN55212 (a specific agonist of the CB1Rs) has been found. CB1R-mediated relaxation was blocked by O2050 and AM251 (neutral antagonist and inverse agonist of the CB1R, respectively) and was partially blocked by the NO synthase blocker Nω-nitro-L-arginine. CB1R blockade enhanced myogenic tone and augmented AngII-induced vasoconstriction (from 17.8±1.2 to 29.1±2.9%, p<0.05). Inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase by tetrahydrolipstatin, (inhibitor of endogenous 2-AG production) also augmented coronary vasoconstriction. These observations prove that vascular endocannabinoids are significant negative modulators of the myogenic and agonist-induced tone of intramural coronary arterioles acting through CB1Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Szekeres
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György L Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Eszter Soltész-Katona
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Laboratory of Molecular Physiology at Semmelweis University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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10
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López-Dyck E, Andrade-Urzúa F, Elizalde A, Ferrer-Villada T, Dagnino-Acosta A, Huerta M, Osuna-Calleros Z, Rangel-Sandoval C, Sánchez-Pastor E. ACPA and JWH-133 modulate the vascular tone of superior mesenteric arteries through cannabinoid receptors, BK Ca channels, and nitric oxide dependent mechanisms. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1131-1139. [PMID: 29128791 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some cannabinoids, a family of compounds derived from Cannabis sativa (marijuana), have previously shown vasodilator effects in several studies, a feature that makes them suitable for the generation of a potential treatment for hypertension. The mechanism underlying this vasodilator effect in arteries is still controversial. In this report, we explored how the synthetic cannabinoids ACPA (CB1-selective agonist) and JWH-133 (CB2-selective agonist) regulate the vascular tone of rat superior mesenteric arteries. METHODS To screen the expression of CB1 (Cannabinoid receptor 1) and CB2 (Cannabinoid receptor 2) receptors in arterial rings or isolated smooth muscle cells obtained from the artery, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopy were performed. In addition, the effects on vascular tone induced by the two cannabinoids were tested in isometric tension experiments in rings obtained from superior mesenteric arteries. The participation of voltage and calcium-activated potassium channel of big conductance (BKCa) and the role of nitric oxide (NO) release on the vascular effects induced by ACPA and JWH-133 were tested. RESULTS CB1 and CB2 receptors were highly expressed in the rat superior mesenteric artery, in both smooth muscle and endothelium. The vasodilation effect shown by ACPA was endothelium-dependent through a mechanism involving CB1 receptors, BKCa channel activation, and NO release; meanwhile, the vasodilator effect of JWH-133 was induced by the activation of CB2 receptors located in smooth muscle and by a CB2 receptor-independent mechanism inducing NO release. CONCLUSIONS CB1 and CB2 receptor activation in superior mesenteric artery causes vasorelaxation by mechanisms involving BKCa channels and NO release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn López-Dyck
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandro Elizalde
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Tania Ferrer-Villada
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Miguel Huerta
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Zyanya Osuna-Calleros
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Enrique Sánchez-Pastor
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico.
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11
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Toguri JT, Moxsom R, Szczesniak AM, Zhou J, Kelly MEM, Lehmann C. Cannabinoid 2 receptor activation reduces leukocyte adhesion and improves capillary perfusion in the iridial microvasculature during systemic inflammation. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 61:237-49. [PMID: 26410875 DOI: 10.3233/ch-151996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium and decreased microvascular blood flow causing microcirculatory dysfunction are hallmarks of systemic inflammation. We studied the impact of cannabinoid receptor activation on the iridial microcirculation, which is accessible non-invasively in vivo, in systemic inflammation induced by endotoxin challenge. METHODS 40 Lewis rats were used in the experiments. Endotoxemia was induced by 2 mg/kg i.v. lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) were stimulated by i.v. administration of WIN 55212-2 (WIN; 1 mg/kg). CB1R antagonist (AM281; 2.5 mg/kg i.v.) or CB2R antagonist (AM630; 2.5 mg/kg i.v.) treatment prior to WIN was applied to identify the anti-inflammatory effects underlying each CBR subtype. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions were examined in rat iridial microvas culature by intravital microscopy at baseline and 1 and 2 h post-LPS. Additionally, systemic (mean arterial pressure, heart rate) and local (laser Doppler flow) hemodynamic variables were measured prior to and during cannabinoid treatments. RESULTS Endotoxemia resulted in severe inflammation as shown by significantly increased numbers of adherent leukocytes at 1 and 2 h observation time post-LPS challenge and decreased microcirculatory blood flow at 2 h within the iridial microcirculation. WIN treatment significantly reduced leukocyte adhesion in iridial microvessels with a diameter greater and less than 25 μm during endotoxemia (p < 0.05). Pre-treatment of animals by CB1R antagonist, AM281, did not affect WIN effects on LPS-induced leukocyte adhesion. When pre-treated with the CB2R antagonist, AM630, a reversal of the WIN-induced reduction in leukocyte adhesion was noticed in vessels with a diameter of less than 25 μm (p < 0.05). Cannabinoid treatment significantly increased the local iridial microcirculatory blood flow 2 hours after systemic LPS administration (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Systemic administration of the CBR agonist, WIN, decreased leukocyte-adhesion and improved iridial microvascular blood flow. This effect is most likely mediated by CB2R activation. Our findings indicate that the iris microvasculature can serve as a model to study the microcirculation during systemic inflammation and help to identify potential therapies to treat microcirculatory dysfunction in diseases such as sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Toguri
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - R Moxsom
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - A M Szczesniak
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Anesthesia, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - M E M Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - C Lehmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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12
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Mechanisms of vasorelaxation induced by the cannabidiol analogue compound O-1602 in the rat small mesenteric artery. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:107-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Szekeres M, Nádasy GL, Turu G, Soltész-Katona E, Benyó Z, Offermanns S, Ruisanchez É, Szabó E, Takáts Z, Bátkai S, Tóth ZE, Hunyady L. Endocannabinoid-mediated modulation of Gq/11 protein-coupled receptor signaling-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 403:46-56. [PMID: 25595485 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can induce vasoconstriction via calcium signal-mediated and Rho-dependent pathways. Earlier reports have shown that diacylglycerol produced during calcium signal generation can be converted to an endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Our aim was to provide evidence that GPCR signaling-induced 2-AG production and activation of vascular type1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) is capable of reducing agonist-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension. Rat and mouse aortic rings were examined by myography. Vascular expression of CB1R was demonstrated with immunohistochemistry. Rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were cultured for calcium measurements and 2-AG-determination. Inhibition or genetic loss of CB1Rs enhanced vasoconstriction induced by angiotensin II (AngII) or phenylephrine (Phe), but not by prostaglandin(PG)F2α. AngII-induced vasoconstriction was augmented by inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase (tetrahydrolipstatin) and was attenuated by inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase (JZL184) suggesting a functionally relevant role for endogenously produced 2-AG. In Gαq/11-deficient mice vasoconstriction was absent to AngII or Phe, which activate Gq/11-coupled receptors, but was maintained in response to PGF2α. In VSMCs, AngII-stimulated 2-AG-formation was inhibited by tetrahydrolipstatin and potentiated by JZL184. CB1R inhibition increased the sustained phase of AngII-induced calcium signal. Pharmacological or genetic loss of CB1R function augmented AngII-induced blood pressure rise in mice. These data demonstrate that vasoconstrictor effect of GPCR agonists is attenuated via Gq/11-mediated vascular endocannabinoid formation. Agonist-induced endocannabinoid-mediated CB1R activation is a significant physiological modulator of vascular tone. Thus, the selective modulation of GPCR signaling-induced endocannabinoid release has a therapeutic potential in case of increased vascular tone and hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Arachidonic Acids/pharmacology
- Benzodioxoles/pharmacology
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Dinoprost/pharmacology
- Endocannabinoids/pharmacology
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/deficiency
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glycerides/pharmacology
- Hypertension/drug therapy
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Lactones/pharmacology
- Lipoprotein Lipase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lipoprotein Lipase/genetics
- Lipoprotein Lipase/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Monoacylglycerol Lipases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Monoacylglycerol Lipases/genetics
- Monoacylglycerol Lipases/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Orlistat
- Phenylephrine/pharmacology
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Tissue Culture Techniques
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Szekeres
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György L Nádasy
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Turu
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Éva Ruisanchez
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Szabó
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Takáts
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Bátkai
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna E Tóth
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Budapest, Hungary.
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14
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Stanley C, O'Sullivan SE. Vascular targets for cannabinoids: animal and human studies. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:1361-78. [PMID: 24329566 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Application of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids to perfused vascular beds or individual isolated arteries results in changes in vascular resistance. In most cases, the result is vasorelaxation, although vasoconstrictor responses are also observed. Cannabinoids also modulate the actions of vasoactive compounds including acetylcholine, methoxamine, angiotensin II and U46619 (thromboxane mimetic). Numerous mechanisms of action have been proposed including receptor activation, potassium channel activation, calcium channel inhibition and the production of vasoactive mediators such as calcitonin gene-related peptide, prostanoids, NO, endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor and hydrogen peroxide. The purpose of this review is to examine the evidence for the range of receptors now known to be activated by cannabinoids. Direct activation by cannabinoids of CB1 , CBe , TRPV1 (and potentially other TRP channels) and PPARs in the vasculature has been observed. A potential role for CB2, GPR55 and 5-HT1 A has also been identified in some studies. Indirectly, activation of prostanoid receptors (TP, IP, EP1 and EP4 ) and the CGRP receptor is involved in the vascular responses to cannabinoids. The majority of this evidence has been obtained through animal research, but recent work has confirmed some of these targets in human arteries. Vascular responses to cannabinoids are enhanced in hypertension and cirrhosis, but are reduced in obesity and diabetes, both due to changes in the target sites of action. Much further work is required to establish the extent of vascular actions of cannabinoids and the application of this research in physiological and pathophysiological situations. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Cannabinoids 2013. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2014.171.issue-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Stanley
- School of Graduate Entry Medicine and Health, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
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15
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Sánchez-Pastor E, Andrade F, Sánchez-Pastor JM, Elizalde A, Huerta M, Virgen-Ortiz A, Trujillo X, Rodríguez-Hernández A. Cannabinoid receptor type 1 activation by arachidonylcyclopropylamide in rat aortic rings causes vasorelaxation involving calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 and calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 729:100-6. [PMID: 24561046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids are key regulators of vascular tone, some of the mechanisms involved include the activation of cannabinoid receptor types 1 and 2 (CB); the transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1); and non-(CB(1))/non-CB2 receptors. Here, we used the potent, selective CB(1) agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) to elucidate the mechanism underlying vascular tone regulation. Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy revealed that CB(1) was expressed in smooth muscle and endothelial cells in rat aorta. We performed isometric tension recordings in aortic rings that had been pre-contracted with phenylephrine. In these conditions, ACPA caused vasorelaxation in an endothelium-independent manner. To confirm that the effect of ACPA was mediated by CB(1) receptor, we repeated the experiment after blocking these receptors with a selective antagonist, AM281. In these conditions, ACPA did not cause vasorelaxation. We explored the role of K(+) channels in the effect of ACPA by applying high-K(+) solution to induce contraction in aortic rings. In these conditions, the ACPA-induced vasorelaxation was about half that observed with phenylephrine-induced contraction. Thus, K(+) channels were involved in the ACPA effect. Furthermore, the vasorelaxation effect was similarly reduced when we specifically blocked calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 (KCa1.1) (MaxiK; BKCa) prior to adding ACPA. Finally, ACPA-induced vasorelaxation was also diminished when we specifically blocked the calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit (Ca(v)1.2). These results showed that ACPA activation of CB(1) in smooth muscle caused vasorelaxation of aortic rings through a mechanism involving the activation of K(Ca)1.1 and the inhibition of Ca(v)1.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sánchez-Pastor
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - F Andrade
- Instituto Tecnológico de Colima, Avenida Tecnológico No. 1, CP 28976 Villa de Álvarez, Colima, Mexico
| | - J M Sánchez-Pastor
- Instituto Tecnológico de Colima, Avenida Tecnológico No. 1, CP 28976 Villa de Álvarez, Colima, Mexico
| | - A Elizalde
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - M Huerta
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico.
| | - A Virgen-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Unidad Regional Sur, Campus Navojoa, Universidad de Sonora, Lázaro Cárdenas No. 100, Colonia Francisco Villa, CP 85800 Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico
| | - X Trujillo
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - A Rodríguez-Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Las Víboras, 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
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16
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Szekeres M, Nádasy GL, Turu G, Soltész-Katona E, Tóth ZE, Balla A, Catt KJ, Hunyady L. Angiotensin II induces vascular endocannabinoid release, which attenuates its vasoconstrictor effect via CB1 cannabinoid receptors. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:31540-50. [PMID: 22787147 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.346296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the vascular system angiotensin II (Ang II) causes vasoconstriction via the activation of type 1 angiotensin receptors. Earlier reports have shown that in cellular expression systems diacylglycerol produced during type 1 angiotensin receptor signaling can be converted to 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an important endocannabinoid. Because activation of CB(1) cannabinoid receptors (CB(1)R) induces vasodilation and reduces blood pressure, we have tested the hypothesis that Ang II-induced 2-arachidonoylglycerol release can modulate its vasoconstrictor action in vascular tissue. Rat and mouse skeletal muscle arterioles and mouse saphenous arteries were isolated, pressurized, and subjected to microangiometry. Vascular expression of CB(1)R was demonstrated using Western blot and RT-PCR. In accordance with the functional relevance of these receptors WIN55212, a CB(1)R agonist, caused vasodilation, which was absent in CB(1)R knock-out mice. Inhibition of CB(1)Rs using O2050, a neutral antagonist, enhanced the vasoconstrictor effect of Ang II in wild type but not in CB(1)R knock-out mice. Inverse agonists of CB(1)R (SR141716 and AM251) and inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase using tetrahydrolipstatin also augmented the Ang II-induced vasoconstriction, suggesting that endocannabinoid release modulates this process via CB(1)R activation. This effect was independent of nitric-oxide synthase activity and endothelial function. These data demonstrate that Ang II stimulates vascular endocannabinoid formation, which attenuates its vasoconstrictor effect, suggesting that endocannabinoid release from the vascular wall and CB(1)R activation reduces the vasoconstrictor and hypertensive effects of Ang II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Szekeres
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, H-1444 Budapest, Hungary
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17
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Update on the role of cannabinoid receptors after ischemic stroke. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:824093. [PMID: 22577257 PMCID: PMC3337695 DOI: 10.1155/2012/824093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids are considered as key mediators in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis. In particular, they have been shown to reduce the ischemic injury after acute cardiovascular events, such as acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. These protective and anti-inflammatory properties on peripheral tissues and circulating inflammatory have been demonstrated to involve their binding with both selective cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2) transmembrane receptors. On the other hands, the recent discoveries of novel different classes of cannabinoids and receptors have increased the complexity of this system in atherosclerosis. Although only preliminary data have been reported on the activities of novel cannabinoid receptors, several studies have already investigated the role of CB1 and CB2 receptors in ischemic stroke. While CB1 receptor activation has been shown to directly reduce atherosclerotic plaque inflammation, controversial data have been shown on neurotransmission and neuroprotection after stroke. Given its potent anti-inflammatory activities on circulating leukocytes, the CB2 activation has been proven to produce protective effects against acute poststroke inflammation. In this paper, we will update evidence on different cannabinoid-triggered avenues to reduce inflammation and neuronal injury in acute ischemic stroke.
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE The generation of hyperpolarising vasorelaxant endothelial cytochrome P450 epoxygenase (CYP)-derived metabolites of arachidonic may provide beneficial effects for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in which the bioavailability of NO is impaired. The cannabinoid methanandamide has vasodilatory properties linked to hyperpolarisation. The aim of the present work was to investigate the vasorelaxant effects of methanandamide in rat aorta, focusing on the role of cytochrome P450 pathway. METHODS Changes in isometric tension in response to a cumulative concentration-response curve of methanandamide (1 nM-100 μM) were recorded in aortic rings from male Wistar rats. The involvement of cannabinoid receptors, endothelial nitric oxide (NO)-, prostacyclin- and some hyperpolarising-mediated pathways were investigated. The activation of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BKCa) channels have also been evaluated. RESULTS Methanandamide provoked an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in rat aorta, reaching a maximal effect (Rmax) of 67% ± 2.6%. This vasorelaxation was clearly inhibited by the combination of CB(1) and CB(2) cannabinoid antagonists (Rmax: 21.6% ± 1.3%) and by the combination of guanylate cyclase and CYP inhibitors (Rmax: 16.7% ± 1.1%). The blockade induced separately by guanylate cyclase (31.3% ± 2.8%) or CYP (36.3% ± 6.6%) inhibitors on methanandamide vasorelaxation was not significantly modified by either CB(1) or CB(2) inhibition. BKCa channels inhibition caused a partial and significant inhibition of the methanandamide vasorelaxation (Rmax: 39.9% ± 3.3%). CONCLUSIONS Methanandamide endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation is mediated by CB(1) and CB(2) cannabinoid receptors. The NO- and CYP-mediated pathways contribute in a concurrent manner in this vascular effect. Stimulation of both cannabinoid receptor subtypes is indistinctly linked to NO or CYP routes to cause vasorelaxation.
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19
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González C, Herradón E, Abalo R, Vera G, Pérez-Nievas BG, Leza JC, Martín MI, López-Miranda V. Cannabinoid/agonist WIN 55,212-2 reduces cardiac ischaemia–reperfusion injury in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: role of CB2 receptors and iNOS/eNOS. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2011; 27:331-40. [PMID: 21309057 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes increases cardiac damage after myocardial ischaemia. Cannabinoids can protect against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to examine the cardioprotective effect of the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) against ischaemia/reperfusion injury in an experimental model of type 2 diabetes. We performed these experiments in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat, and focused on the role of cannabinoid receptors in modulation of cardiac inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/endothelial-type nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. METHODS Male 20-week-old Zucker diabetic fatty rats were treated with vehicle, WIN, the selective CB1 or CB2 receptor antagonists AM251 and AM630, respectively, AM251 + WIN or AM630 + WIN. Hearts were isolated from these rats, and the cardiac functional response to ischaemia/reperfusion injury was evaluated. In addition, cardiac iNOS and eNOS expression were determined by western blot. RESULTS WIN significantly improved cardiac recovery after ischaemia/ reperfusion in the hearts from Zucker diabetic fatty rats by restoring coronary perfusion pressure and heart rate to preischaemic levels. Additionally, WIN decreased cardiac iNOS expression and increased eNOS expression after ischaemia/reperfusion in diabetic hearts. WIN-induced cardiac functional recovery was completely blocked by the CB2 antagonist AM630. However, changes in NOS isoenzyme expression were not affected by the CB antagonists. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a cardioprotective effect of a cannabinoid agonist on ischaemia/reperfusion injury in an experimental model of a metabolic disorder. The activation mainly of CB2 receptors and the restoration of iNOS/eNOS cardiac equilibrium are mechanisms involved in this protective effect. These initial studies have provided the basis for future research in this field.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzoxazines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Benzoxazines/therapeutic use
- Cannabinoids/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cannabinoids/therapeutic use
- Cardiotonic Agents/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Heart/drug effects
- Heart/physiopathology
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Male
- Morpholines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Morpholines/therapeutic use
- Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy
- Myocardial Ischemia/metabolism
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control
- Naphthalenes/antagonists & inhibitors
- Naphthalenes/therapeutic use
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Zucker
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina González
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Dpto. Farmacología y Nutrición, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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Effects of cannabinoids on caffeine contractures in slow and fast skeletal muscle fibers of the frog. J Membr Biol 2009; 229:91-9. [PMID: 19506935 PMCID: PMC2697372 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-009-9174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect of cannabinoids on caffeine contractures was investigated in slow and fast skeletal muscle fibers using isometric tension recording. In slow muscle fibers, WIN 55,212-2 (10 and 5 μM) caused a decrease in tension. These doses reduced maximum tension to 67.43 ± 8.07% (P = 0.02, n = 5) and 79.4 ± 14.11% (P = 0.007, n = 5) compared to control, respectively. Tension-time integral was reduced to 58.37 ± 7.17% and 75.10 ± 3.60% (P = 0.002, n = 5), respectively. Using the CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist ACPA (1 μM) reduced the maximum tension of caffeine contractures by 68.70 ± 11.63% (P = 0.01, n = 5); tension-time integral was reduced by 66.82 ± 6.89% (P = 0.02, n = 5) compared to controls. When the CB1 receptor antagonist AM281 was coapplied with ACPA, it reversed the effect of ACPA on caffeine-evoked tension. In slow and fast muscle fibers incubated with the pertussis toxin, ACPA had no effect on tension evoked by caffeine. In fast muscle fibers, ACPA (1 μM) also decreased tension; the maximum tension was reduced by 56.48 ± 3.4% (P = 0.001, n = 4), and tension-time integral was reduced by 57.81 ± 2.6% (P = 0.006, n = 4). This ACPA effect was not statistically significant with respect to the reduction in tension in slow muscle fibers. Moreover, we detected the presence of mRNA for the cannabinoid CB1 receptor on fast and slow skeletal muscle fibers, which was significantly higher in fast compared to slow muscle fiber expression. In conclusion, our results suggest that in the slow and fast muscle fibers of the frog cannabinoids diminish caffeine-evoked tension through a receptor-mediated mechanism.
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