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Hussain J, Ousley CG, Krauklis SA, Dray EL, Drnevich J, McKim DB. Prophylactic simvastatin increased survival during endotoxemia and inhibited granulocyte trafficking in a cell-intrinsic manner. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152411. [PMID: 37329824 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cross sectional studies have shown that statin-users have improved odds of surviving severe sepsis. Meanwhile controlled clinical trials failed to demonstrate improved sepsis survival with acute statin administration following hospitalization. Here, a lethal murine peritoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxemia model was used to assess the efficacy of chronic versus acute simvastatin on survival. Mirroring clinical observations, chronic but not acute treatment with simvastatin significantly increased survival. At a pre-mortality time point in LPS-treated mice, chronic simvastatin suppressed granulocyte trafficking in to the lungs and peritoneum without otherwise suppressing emergency myelopoiesis, myeloid cells in circulation, or inflammatory cytokines. Chronic simvastatin treatment significantly downregulated inflammatory chemokine gene signature in the lungs of LPS-treated mice. Thus, it was unclear if simvastatin was inhibiting granulocyte chemotaxis in a cell intrinsic or extrinsic manner. Adoptive transfer of fluorescently labeled granulocytes from statin and vehicle treated mice into LPS-treated mice showed that simvastatin inhibited lung-granulocyte trafficking in a cell intrinsic manner. Congruent with this, chemotaxis experiments using in vitro macrophages and ex vivo granulocytes demonstrated that simvastatin inhibited chemotaxis in a cell-intrinsic manner. Collectively, chronic but not acute simvastatin treatment improved survival in murine endotoxemia, and this was associated with cell-intrinsic inhibition of granulocyte chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Hussain
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Carey G Ousley
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Steven A Krauklis
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Evan L Dray
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Jenny Drnevich
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Daniel B McKim
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States.
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2
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Singh V, Akash R, Chaudhary G, Singh R, Choudhury S, Shukla A, Prabhu SN, Gangwar N, Garg SK. Sepsis downregulates aortic Notch signaling to produce vascular hyporeactivity in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2941. [PMID: 35190630 PMCID: PMC8861011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of Notch signaling in macrophages is known to reduce inflammation, however, its role in regulating vascular hyporeactivity in sepsis is unknown. Thus we aimed to evaluate the effect of sepsis on vascular Notch signaling. Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. mRNA expressions of Notch receptors (Notch1,3) and ligands (Jag1, Dll4), and downstream effector genes (Hey1, MLCK, MYPT1) were assessed by RT-qPCR. Protein level of activated Notch (NICD) was assessed by Western blot and immuno-histochemistry. Isometric tension in isolated aortic rings was measured by wire myography.CLP down-regulated aortic expression of Notch3, Jag1 and Dll4 as compared to control mice. Additionally, the protein level of NICD was found to be lesser in aortic tissue sections from CLP mice. Expression of Hey1 and MLCK were attenuated whereas MYPT1 expression was increased in septic mouse aorta. DAPT pretreatment did not improve CLP-induced vascular hyporeactivity to NA, CaCl2 and high K+ (80 mM), rather significantly attenuated the aortic response to these vasoconstrictors in control mice. Treatment with 1400 W reversed attenuated Notch3 (but not Jag1 and MLCK) expression in septic mouse aorta. In conclusion, sepsis significantly attenuated the Notch (especially Notch3) signaling in mouse aorta along with reduction in contractile gene expression and vasoconstriction response. Further, iNOS/NO pathway was involved in sepsis-induced down-regulation of Notch3 receptor. Thus systemic inhibition of Notch signaling during sepsis may have serious impact on sepsis-induced vascular hyporeactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Singh
- Smooth Muscle Pharmacology and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Raut Akash
- Smooth Muscle Pharmacology and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Gaurav Chaudhary
- Smooth Muscle Pharmacology and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Rajneesh Singh
- Smooth Muscle Pharmacology and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Smooth Muscle Pharmacology and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India.
| | - Amit Shukla
- Smooth Muscle Pharmacology and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Shyama N Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Neeraj Gangwar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Satish K Garg
- Smooth Muscle Pharmacology and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
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3
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Yadav P, Iqbal H, Kumar K, Kumar P, Mishra D, Singh A, Pal A, Mukhopadhyay P, Vamadevan B, Singh D, Negi AS, Chanda D. 2-Benzyllawsone protects against polymicrobial sepsis and vascular hyporeactivity in swiss albino mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 917:174757. [PMID: 35032484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel naphthoquinone, 2-benzyllawsone (LT-9) was evaluated against vascular hyporeactivity and sepsis in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in mice in view of its preliminary antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and to explore whether pretreatment with the molecule could restore vascular tone and contractile response to norepinephrine. METHODS Evaluation of LT-9 against vascular hyporeactivity, hypotension, and sepsis-related inflammation and infection was carried out in the CLP model in Swiss albino mice and aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro. RESULTS LT-9 showed potent reversal of the vascular hyporeactivity in CLP mice aorta. The increased contraction response to norepinephrine in CLP mouse aorta by LT-9 was mediated by opening of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) verified by ex vivo experiment where LT-9 enhanced contraction response to CaCl2 in the aorta while abolishing the contraction response of known VDCC opener Bay K8644. LT-9 in aortic smooth muscle cells showed Fluo-4 mediated increase in calcium fluorescence. Oral administration of LT-9 at 50 and 100 mg kg-1 day-1 for 15 days significantly enhanced the mean survival time, improved hemodynamic and Electrocardiogram (ECG) profile, and aortic tissue reactivity in CLP mice. Further, LT-9 significantly reversed the perturbation of the expression profile of inflammatory cytokines, reduced the splenic microbial load, and was well tolerated in oral toxicity. CONCLUSIONS LT-9 showed potent biological activity against sepsis and was found to be well tolerated in the toxicity study in Swiss albino mice and showed promise for the benzyllawsone class of molecules against sepsis for the development of novel pharmacophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Yadav
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Hina Iqbal
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Kapil Kumar
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Parmanand Kumar
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Divya Mishra
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Arjun Singh
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Pradipto Mukhopadhyay
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Beena Vamadevan
- Regulatory Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- Regulatory Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Arvind Singh Negi
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
| | - Debabrata Chanda
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Nakade UP, Sharma A, Kumari P, Bhatiya S, Nair SV, Karikaran KN, Sharma V, Choudhury S, Garg SK. Functional and molecular characterization of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxant pathways in uterine artery of non-pregnant buffaloes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:225-241. [PMID: 31494705 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Present study was undertaken to unravel the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxant pathways in uterine artery of non-pregnant buffaloes. Isometric tension of arterial rings was recorded using data acquisition system based polyphysiograph. Acetylcholine (ACh) produced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by releasing nitric oxide (NO), and inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by L-NAME (300 μM) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the NO release and thereby the vasorelaxant effect of ACh. However, L-NMMA, another NOS inhibitor, and PTIO, a NO scavenger, did not have any additional inhibitory effect on NO and ACh-induced vasorelaxation. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor (indomethacin) alone did not have any inhibitory action on vasorelaxant response to ACh; however, simultaneous inhibition of COX and NOS enzymes significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated the relaxant response indicating the concurrent release of these two mediators in regulating ACh-induced relaxation. Besides NOS and COX-derived metabolites (EDRF), small (SKCa) and intermediate (IKCa) conductance K+ channels being the members of EDHF play predominant role in mediating ACh-induced vasorelaxation. Using different molecular tools, existence of eNOS, COX-1, and,IKCa in the endothelium, BKCa in vascular smooth muscle, and SKCa in both endothelium and vascular smooth muscle was demonstrated in buffalo uterine artery. Gene sequencing of COX-1 and SKCa genes in uterine artery of buffaloes showed more than 97% structural similarity with ovine (Ovis aries), caprine (Capra hircus), and Indian cow (Bos indicus). Endothelium-independent nitrovasodilator, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), produced vasorelaxation which was sensitive to blockade by soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor (ODQ), thus suggesting the important role of cGMP/PKG pathways in uterine vasorelaxation in buffaloes. Taken together, it is concluded that both endothelium-dependent (EDHF and EDRF) and endothelium-independent (sGC-cGMP) relaxant pathways are present in uterine arteries of non-pregnant buffaloes, and they differently contribute to vasorelaxation during non-pregnant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayraj P Nakade
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Priyambada Kumari
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Shirish Bhatiya
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Sooraj V Nair
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - K N Karikaran
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Vipin Sharma
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Satish Kumar Garg
- Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India.
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5
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Nwafor DC, Brichacek AL, Mohammad AS, Griffith J, Lucke-Wold BP, Benkovic SA, Geldenhuys WJ, Lockman PR, Brown CM. Targeting the Blood-Brain Barrier to Prevent Sepsis-Associated Cognitive Impairment. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2019; 11:1179573519840652. [PMID: 31007531 PMCID: PMC6456845 DOI: 10.1177/1179573519840652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease resulting from an infection. This disorder affects 750 000 people annually in the United States and has a 62% rehospitalization rate. Septic symptoms range from typical flu-like symptoms (eg, headache, fever) to a multifactorial syndrome known as sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Patients with SAE exhibit an acute altered mental status and often have higher mortality and morbidity. In addition, many sepsis survivors are also burdened with long-term cognitive impairment. The mechanisms through which sepsis initiates SAE and promotes long-term cognitive impairment in septic survivors are poorly understood. Due to its unique role as an interface between the brain and the periphery, numerous studies support a regulatory role for the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the progression of acute and chronic brain dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the current body of literature which supports the BBB as a nexus which integrates signals from the brain and the periphery in sepsis. We highlight key insights on the mechanisms that contribute to the BBB's role in sepsis which include neuroinflammation, increased barrier permeability, immune cell infiltration, mitochondrial dysfunction, and a potential barrier role for tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Finally, we address current drug treatments (eg, antimicrobials and intravenous immunoglobulins) for sepsis and their potential outcomes on brain function. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms may enable clinicians to target specific aspects of BBB function as a therapeutic tool to limit long-term cognitive impairment in sepsis survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divine C Nwafor
- Graduate Programs in Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Allison L Brichacek
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Afroz S Mohammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jessica Griffith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brandon P Lucke-Wold
- Graduate Programs in Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stanley A Benkovic
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Werner J Geldenhuys
- Graduate Programs in Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Paul R Lockman
- Graduate Programs in Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Candice M Brown
- Graduate Programs in Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Kyriazopoulou E, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ. Pharmacological management of sepsis in adults with a focus on the current gold standard treatments and promising adjunctive strategies: evidence from the last five years. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:991-1007. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1589451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evdoxia Kyriazopoulou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
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7
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Rungsung S, Singh TU, Rabha DJ, Kumar T, Cholenahalli Lingaraju M, Parida S, Paul A, Sahoo M, Kumar D. Luteolin attenuates acute lung injury in experimental mouse model of sepsis. Cytokine 2018; 110:333-343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Xu C, Wang Z, Lu K, Jin H. Hotspot Analysis of Sepsis Literature. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5427-5436. [PMID: 30078031 PMCID: PMC6091165 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a common life-threatening pathological process. However, the transformation efficiency of studies on the treatment of sepsis is relatively low. Therefore, a hotspot and trend development study was attempted on the treatment area of sepsis in accordance with the literature. We selected 2511 studies most related to the treatment of sepsis within the past 5 years as research samples. Text and co-word matrix were established by analyzing and selecting high-frequency words using BICOMB software. Classifications in hotspot areas were obtained through biclustering and visual analysis of high-frequency words using Ggluto software. Strategy coordinates for hotspot research were conducted using a co-word matrix. A total of 41 high-frequency words, text, and co-word matrix were conducted within the 2511 studies. A peak map was drawn based on biclustering analysis. The density and concentricity of each hotspot were calculated using the result of the co-word matrix and biclustering analysis. The research concluded 4 categories and 9 aspects for the treatment of sepsis. Additionally, calculation results showed that the relationship between the prognosis of sepsis and the hematological prognosis was in the fourth quadrant of the strategic diagram, that means it was the potential hotspot area for the treatment of sepsis. This conclusion provides potential value for future exploratory stages of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhai Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Kaining Lu
- Department of Urology, China Medical University, Hospital 1, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Hongxu Jin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Endocannabinoid-mediated modulation of Gq protein-coupled receptor mediates vascular hyporeactivity to nor-adrenaline during polymicrobial sepsis. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:1150-1157. [PMID: 30317131 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocannabinoids level are reported to increase in sepsis, however, the role of vascular cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) in sepsis-induced vascular hyporeactivity is yet to be unravelled. METHODS Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture in mice. Isometric tension in isolated aortic rings during early (6 h) and late (20 h) phases of sepsis was recorded and expression of mRNA of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) was investigated. RESULTS Sepsis significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the mean survival time in mice along with increase in bacterial load in blood and peritoneal lavage. Compared to Sham-operated (SO) mice, vascular reactivity to nor-adrenaline (NA) was significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated in both early and late phases of sepsis. NA-induced vasoconstriction was significantly (p < 0.05) potentiated by inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) and attenuated by inhibition of MAGL in SO mice. Pre-incubation with KT 109, a DAGL inhibitor, significantly (p < 0.05) improved the vascular hypo-reactivity to NA during both the phases of sepsis. mRNA expression of MAGL in aorta was significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated during both the phases of sepsis. But in the presence of AM 251, specific antagonist of CB1R, vascular reactivity to NA was significantly (p < 0.05) restored along with significant (p < 0.05) increase in mRNA expression of CB1R in aortic rings from both early and late phases of septic mice. CONCLUSION 2-AG regulates vascular response to NA and increased aortic expression of CB1R is responsible for vascular hyporeactivity to NA in sepsis, and in vitro inhibition of this receptor by AM 251 restored the vascular reactivity.
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Yang J, Zhang S, Wu J, Zhang J, Dong J, Guo P, Tang S, Zhang W, Wu F. Imipenem and normal saline with cyclophosphamide have positive effects on the intestinal barrier in rats with sepsis. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2018; 162:90-98. [PMID: 29935492 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused the dysregulation of host inflammatory response and immunosuppression to infection Early recognition and intervention are hence of paramount importance. In this respect the "sepsis bundle" was proposed in 2004 to be instituted in cases of suspected sepsis. OBJECTIVE AND HYPOTHESIS We hypothesised that a combination treatment of the sepsis bundle with cyclophosphamide would improve the function of the intestinal mucosa and enhance survival in rats with induced sepsis. METHODS AND RESULTS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 different groups: sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), cyclophosphamide (CTX), imipenem+normal saline (NS) and imipenem+NS+CTX. Cecal ligation and puncture were used for inducing the polymicrobial sepsis. Western-blot was used to measure the occludin protein, and ELISA for examining the plasma level of cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α. TUNEL assay for testing the intestinal mucosal apoptosis, and hematoxylin-eosin staining for observing the intestinal mucosal changes. The permeability of intestinal mucosa was determined by the plasma level of FD-70. The results showed that the combination treatment of the sepsis bundle with cyclophosphamide attenuated cytokine levels, inhibited epithelial cell apoptosis and improved the function of the intestinal barrier. The survival rate of the group treated with the combined therapy was significantly higher than that of the other groups. CONCLUSION The combination treatment of sepsis bundle with cyclophosphamide improves the function of the intestinal barrier and enhances survival in septic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Shunwen Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211166, China
| | - Jiangdong Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Jiangtao Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Peng Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Suyu Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Wanjiang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 3 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
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Treatment with Atorvastatin Provides Additional Benefits to Imipenem in a Model of Gram-Negative Pneumonia Induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in Mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00764-17. [PMID: 29463546 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00764-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae is a relevant cause of nosocomial infections, and resistance to current treatment with carbapenem antibiotics is becoming a significant problem. Statins are inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) used for controlling plasma cholesterol levels. There is clinical evidence showing other effects of statins, including decrease of lung inflammation. In the current study, we show that pretreatment with atorvastatin markedly attenuated lung injury, which was correlated with a reduction in the cellular influx into the alveolar space and lungs and downmodulation of the production of proinflammatory mediators in the initial phase of infection in C57BL/6 mice with K. pneumoniae However, atorvastatin did not alter the number of bacteria in the lungs and blood of infected mice, despite decreasing local inflammatory response. Interestingly, mice that received combined treatment with atorvastatin and imipenem displayed better survival than mice treated with vehicle, atorvastatin, or imipenem alone. These findings suggest that atorvastatin could be an adjuvant in host-directed therapies for multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae, based on its powerful pleiotropic immunomodulatory effects. Together with antimicrobial approaches, combination therapy with anti-inflammatory compounds could improve the efficiency of therapy during acute lung infections.
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12
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Mishra SK, Choudhury S. Experimental Protocol for Cecal Ligation and Puncture Model of Polymicrobial Sepsis and Assessment of Vascular Functions in Mice. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1717:161-187. [PMID: 29468592 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7526-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the systemic inflammatory response syndrome that occurs during infection and is exacerbated by the inappropriate immune response encountered by the affected individual. Despite extensive research, sepsis in humans is one of the biggest challenges for clinicians. The high mortality rate in sepsis is primarily due to hypoperfusion-induced multiorgan dysfunctions , resulting from a marked decrease in peripheral resistance. Vascular dysfunctions are further aggravated by sepsis-induced impairment in myocardial contractility. Circulatory failure in sepsis is characterized by refractory hypotension and vascular hyporeactivity (vasoplegia) to clinically used vasoconstrictors. To investigate the complex pathophysiology of sepsis and its associated multiple organ dysfunction, several animal models have been developed. However, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of murine sepsis is still considered as 'gold standard' in sepsis research. In this protocol we have described the standard surgical procedure to induce polymicrobial sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture. Further, we have described the protocol to study the molecular mechanisms underlying vascular dysfunctions in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Mishra
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- , Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Overview of Antagonists Used for Determining the Mechanisms of Action Employed by Potential Vasodilators with Their Suggested Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2016; 21:495. [PMID: 27092479 PMCID: PMC6274436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper is a review on the types of antagonists and the signaling mechanism pathways that have been used to determine the mechanisms of action employed for vasodilation by test compounds. Thus, we exhaustively reviewed and analyzed reports related to this topic published in PubMed between the years of 2010 till 2015. The aim of this paperis to suggest the most appropriate type of antagonists that correspond to receptors that would be involved during the mechanistic studies, as well as the latest signaling pathways trends that are being studied in order to determine the route(s) that atest compound employs for inducing vasodilation. The methods to perform the mechanism studies were included. Fundamentally, the affinity, specificity and selectivity of the antagonists to their receptors or enzymes were clearly elaborated as well as the solubility and reversibility. All the signaling pathways on the mechanisms of action involved in the vascular tone regulation have been well described in previous review articles. However, the most appropriate antagonists that should be utilized have never been suggested and elaborated before, hence the reason for this review.
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14
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Choudhury S, Kandasamy K, Maruti BS, Addison MP, Kasa JK, Darzi SA, Singh TU, Parida S, Dash JR, Singh V, Mishra SK. Atorvastatin along with imipenem attenuates acute lung injury in sepsis through decrease in inflammatory mediators and bacterial load. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:447-56. [PMID: 26375251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Lung is one of the vital organs which is affected during the sequential development of multi-organ dysfunction in sepsis. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether combined treatment with atorvastatin and imipenem could attenuate sepsis-induced lung injury in mice. Sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture. Lung injury was assessed by the presence of lung edema, increased vascular permeability, increased inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine levels in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Treatment with atorvastatin along with imipenem reduced the lung bacterial load and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNFα) level in BALF. The markers of pulmonary edema such as microvascular leakage and wet-dry weight ratio were also attenuated. This was further confirmed by the reduced activity of MPO and ICAM-1 mRNA expression, indicating the lesser infiltration and adhesion of inflammatory cells to the lungs. Again, expression of mRNA and protein level of iNOS in lungs was also reduced in the combined treatment group. Based on the above findings it can be concluded that, combined treatment with atorvastatin and imipenem dampened the inflammatory response and reduced the bacterial load, thus seems to have promising therapeutic potential in sepsis-induced lung injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Choudhury
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kannan Kandasamy
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhojane Somnath Maruti
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Pule Addison
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jaya Kiran Kasa
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sazad A Darzi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Thakur Uttam Singh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subhashree Parida
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jeevan Ranjan Dash
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vishakha Singh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Mishra
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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