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Shayesteh H, Vadiveloo A, Bahri PA, Moheimani NR. Can CO2 addition improve the tertiary treatment of anaerobically digested abattoir effluent (ADAE) by Scenedesmus sp. (Chlorophyta)? ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Zhang D, Strawn M, Novak JT, Wang ZW. Kinetic modeling of the effect of solids retention time on methanethiol dynamics in anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 138:301-311. [PMID: 29614458 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The highly volatile methanethiol (MT) with an extremely low odor threshold and distinctive putrid smell is often identified as a major odorous compound generated under anaerobic conditions. As an intermediate compound in the course of anaerobic digestion, the extent of MT emission is closely related to the time of anaerobic reaction. In this study, lab-scale anaerobic digesters were operated at solids retention time (SRTs) of 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 and 50 days to investigate the effect of SRT on MT emission. The experimental results demonstrated a bell-shaped curve of MT emission versus SRT with a peak around 20 days SRT. In order to understand this SRT effect, a kinetic model was developed to describe MT production and utilization dynamics in the course of anaerobic digestion and calibrated with the experimental results collected from this study. The model outcome revealed that the high protein content in the feed sludge together with the large maintenance coefficient of MT fermenters are responsible for the peak MT emission emergence in the range of typical SRT used for anaerobic digestion. A further analysis of the kinetic model shows that it can be extensively simplified with reasonable approximation to a form that anaerobic digestion practitioners could easily use to predict the MT and SRT relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Zhang
- Occoquan Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 9408 Prince William Street, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Mary Strawn
- Arlington County Water Pollution Control Bureau, 3402 S Glebe Rd, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
| | - John T Novak
- Occoquan Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 9408 Prince William Street, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Zhi-Wu Wang
- Occoquan Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 9408 Prince William Street, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
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Kovalovszki A, Alvarado-Morales M, Fotidis IA, Angelidaki I. A systematic methodology to extend the applicability of a bioconversion model for the simulation of various co-digestion scenarios. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 235:157-166. [PMID: 28365343 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Detailed simulation of anaerobic digestion (AD) requires complex mathematical models and the optimization of numerous model parameters. By performing a systematic methodology and identifying parameters with the highest impact on process variables in a well-established AD model, its applicability was extended to various co-digestion scenarios. More specifically, the application of the step-by-step methodology led to the estimation of a general and reduced set of parameters, for the simulation of scenarios where either manure or wastewater were co-digested with different organic substrates. Validation of the general parameter set involved the simulation of laboratory-scale data from three continuous co-digestion experiments, treating mixtures of different organic residues either at thermophilic or mesophilic conditions. Evaluation of the results showed that simulations using the general parameter set fitted experimental data quite well, indicating that it offers a reliable reference point for future simulations of anaerobic co-digestion scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kovalovszki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet Bygning 115, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Merlin Alvarado-Morales
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet Bygning 115, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ioannis A Fotidis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet Bygning 115, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet Bygning 115, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Velázquez-Sánchez HI, Puebla-Nuñez HF, Aguilar-López R. Novel Feedback Control to Improve Biohydrogen Production by Desulfovibrio alaskensis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2016-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this paper, a novel control algorithm to increase biohydrogen production in a continuous reactor using the sulphate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio alaskensis with lactate as carbon source is proposed. This work was conducted via numerical simulations, based on an experimentally corroborated kinetic model, considered as a benchmark of the system. A bifurcation analysis to identify the reactor’s steady-state performance was done in order to identify feasible operating regions. The proposed controller cancels the upper bounds of the reactor, imposing a finite-time convergence to the selected set point. The closed-loop stability of the reactor is analysed via the dynamic of the regulation error. Finally, numerical experiments were conducted in order to compare the dynamic behaviour of the proposed closed-loop system versus its open-loop counterpart and a well-tuned classical PI controller one. The proposed methodology increases the hydrogen productivity controlling with a satisfactory performance the biomass concentration, which is considered as the control output.
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Moreda IL. Determining anaerobic degradation kinetics from batch tests. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:2468-2474. [PMID: 27191569 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Data obtained from a biomethane potential (BMP) test were used in order to obtain the parameters of a kinetic model of solid wastes anaerobic degradation. The proposed model considers a hydrolysis step with a first order kinetic, a Monod kinetic for the soluble organic substrate degradation and a first order decay of microorganisms. The instantaneous release of methane was assumed. The parameters of the model are determined following a direct search optimization procedure. A 'multiple-shooting' technique was used as a first step of the optimization process. The confidence interval of the parameters was determined by using Monte Carlo simulations. Also, the distribution functions of the parameters were determined. Only the hydrolysis first order constant shows a normal distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván López Moreda
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, J. Herrera y Ressig 565, Montevideo, Uruguay E-mail:
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López I, Passeggi M, Borzacconi L. Variable kinetic approach to modelling an industrial waste anaerobic digester. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Madani-Hosseini M, Mulligan CN, Barrington S. Microbial kinetic for In-Storage-Psychrophilic Anaerobic Digestion (ISPAD). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 146:59-68. [PMID: 25156266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In-Storage-Psychrophilic-Anaerobic-Digestion (ISPAD) is a wastewater storage tank converted into an anaerobic digestion (AD) system by means of an airtight floating geo-membrane. For process optimization, ISPAD requires modelling with well-established microbial kinetics coefficients. The present objectives were to: obtain kinetics coefficients for the modelling of ISPAD; compare the prediction of the conventional and decomposition fitting approach, an innovative fitting technique used in other fields of science, and; obtain equations to predict the maximum growth rate (μmax) of microbial communities as a function of temperature. The method consisted in conducting specific Substrate Activity Tests (SAT) using ISPAD inoculum to monitor the rate of degradation of specific substrates at 8, 18 and 35 °C. Microbial kinetics coefficients were obtained by fitting the Monod equations to SAT. The statistical procedure of Least Square Error analysis was used to minimize the Sum of Squared Errors (SSE) between the measured ISPAD experimental data and the Monod equation values. Comparing both fitting methods, the decomposition approach gave higher correlation coefficient (R) for most kinetics values, as compared to the conventional approach. Tested to predict μmax with temperature, the Square Root equation better predicted temperature dependency of both acidogens and propionate degrading acetogens, while the Arrhenius equation better predicted that of methanogens and butyrate degrading acetogens. Increasing temperature from 18 to 35 °C did not affect butyrate degrading acetogens, likely because of their dominance, as demonstrated by microbial population estimation. The estimated ISPAD kinetics coefficients suggest a robust psychrophilic and mesophilic coexisting microbial community demonstrating acclimation to ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Madani-Hosseini
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve, Montréal H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Catherine N Mulligan
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve, Montréal H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Suzelle Barrington
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve, Montréal H3G 1M8, Canada.
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Hublin A, Schneider DR, Džodan J. Utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial waste: Energy, economic and environmental effects. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2014; 32:626-633. [PMID: 24963093 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x14539789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial waste is of significant interest in order to facilitate a sustainable development of energy supply. Using of material and energy potentials of agro-industrial waste, in the framework of technical, economic, and ecological possibilities, contributes in increasing the share of energy generated from renewable energy sources. The paper deals with the benefits arising from the utilization of biogas produced by co-digestion of whey and cow manure. The advantages of this process are the profitability of the plant and the convenience in realizing an anaerobic digestion plant to produce biogas that is enabled by the benefits from the sale of electric energy at favorable prices. Economic aspects are related to the capital cost (€ 2,250,000) of anaerobic digestion treatment in a biogas plant with a 300 kW power and 510 kW heating unit in a medium size farm (450 livestock units). Considering the optimum biogas yield of 20.7 dm(3) kg(-1) of wet substrate and methane content in the biogas obtained of 79%, the anaerobic process results in a daily methane production of 2,500 kg, with the maximum power generation of 2,160,000 kWh y(-1) and heat generation of 2,400,000 kWh y(-1) The net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback period for implementation of profitable anaerobic digestion process is evaluated. Ecological aspects related to carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emission reduction are assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hublin
- EKONERG - Energy and Environmental Protection Institute, Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Janko Džodan
- EKONERG - Energy and Environmental Protection Institute, Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
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Martinez SL, Torretta V, Minguelac JV, Siñeriz F, Raboni M, Copelli S, Rada EC, Ragazzi M. Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewaters using anaerobic filters. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2014; 35:322-332. [PMID: 24600871 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.827729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a laboratory-scale experimentation allowed comparing the performances of two upflow anaerobic packed-bed filters filled with different packing materials and operating at mesophilic conditions (30 degreeC) for treating slaughterhouse wastewaters. Methane production was experimentally evaluated considering different volumetric organic loading rates as well as feeding overloading conditions. Although filter performances declined with loading rates higher than 6 kg CODin m-3 d-1 , the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency remained always above 60%. The experimental results allowed for determining kinetic parameters for bacterial growth rate and methane production, following Monod and Chen-Hashimoto models, respectively. Results demonstrated that the reactors reached a cellular retention time significantly greater than the hydraulic retention time. The kinetic parameter values (Ks, l/max) revealed the low microorganisms' affinity for the substrate and confirmed the moderate biodegradability of slaughterhouse wastewater. The kinetic analysis also allowed the comparison of the filters performances with another anaerobic system and the assessment of the parameters useful for real-scale plant design. The system design, applied to a medium-sized Argentinean slaughterhouse, demonstrated to (i) be energetically self-sufficient and (ii) contribute to the plant's water heating requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Luz Martinez
- National University of Santiago del Estero, Av. Belgrano 1912, Santiago del Estero 4200, Argentina
| | - Vincenzo Torretta
- Department of Science and High Technology, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico, 46, Varese 1-21100, Italy
| | - Jésus Vázquez Minguelac
- Department of Rural Engineering, Politechnic of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Faustino Siñeriz
- National Council of Technical and Scientific Research (PROIMI-CONICET), Av.Belgrano y pje. Caseros, San Miguel deTucumcn 4000, Argentina
| | - Massimo Raboni
- Department of Science and High Technology, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico, 46, Varese 1-21100, Italy
| | - Sabrina Copelli
- Department of Science and High Technology, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico, 46, Varese 1-21100, Italy
| | - Elena Cristina Rada
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, Trento 1-38123, Italy
| | - Marco Ragazzi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, Trento 1-38123, Italy
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Hublin A, Zelic B. Modelling of the whey and cow manure co-digestion process. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2013; 31:353-360. [PMID: 22851538 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x12455088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The production of renewable energy, a reduction of waste and prevention of environmental pollution promote the industrial application of anaerobic co-digestion for the treatment of agro-industrial organic waste. In this paper production of biogas/methane was studied by performing a series of laboratory batch experiments using whey and cow manure as substrates. The influence of substrate concentration, temperature and pH on biogas production was analysed. A mathematical model has been developed that describes the co-digestion process. The hydrolysis of proteins, lipids and cellulose has been modelled using first-order kinetics. Fermentation of sugars and amino acids, anaerobic oxidation of long chain fatty acids (LCFA), acetogenesis and methanogenesis have been described using an unstructured model based on Monod kinetic equations taking into account different inhibitory effects. Model applicability was demonstrated by comparing experimental results with the model simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hublin
- EKONERG - Energy and Environmental Protection Institute, Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
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Donoso-Bravo A, Mailier J, Martin C, Rodríguez J, Aceves-Lara CA, Vande Wouwer A. Model selection, identification and validation in anaerobic digestion: a review. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:5347-64. [PMID: 21920578 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion enables waste (water) treatment and energy production in the form of biogas. The successful implementation of this process has lead to an increasing interest worldwide. However, anaerobic digestion is a complex biological process, where hundreds of microbial populations are involved, and whose start-up and operation are delicate issues. In order to better understand the process dynamics and to optimize the operating conditions, the availability of dynamic models is of paramount importance. Such models have to be inferred from prior knowledge and experimental data collected from real plants. Modeling and parameter identification are vast subjects, offering a realm of approaches and methods, which can be difficult to fully understand by scientists and engineers dedicated to the plant operation and improvements. This review article discusses existing modeling frameworks and methodologies for parameter estimation and model validation in the field of anaerobic digestion processes. The point of view is pragmatic, intentionally focusing on simple but efficient methods.
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Donoso-Bravo A, García G, Pérez-Elvira S, Fdz-Polanco F. Initial rates technique as a procedure to predict the anaerobic digester operation. Biochem Eng J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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