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Nie E, Wang W, Duan H, Zhang H, He P, Lü F. Emission of odor pollutants and variation in microbial community during the initial decomposition stage of municipal biowaste. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160612. [PMID: 36455726 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Odor pollution often occurs in the initial decomposition stage of municipal biowaste, including throwing/collection and transportation. However, this aspect of odor impact from municipal biowaste has not been well studied. In this study, a practical dustbin (120 L) equipped with flux chamber and filled with three types of municipal biowaste was used to simulate garbage storage conditions. The result indicated that the emission rate of odor pollutants for uncooked food waste (UFW) represented a nearly linear growth trend, reaching the maximum (3963 ± 149 μg kg-1 DM h-1) at 72 h. Cooked food waste (CFW) increased rapidly from 8 h to 24 h, and then remain fluctuated, reached the maximum (2026 ± 77 μg kg-1 DM h-1) at 72 h. Comparatively, household kitchen waste (HKW) reached the maximum emission rate (10,396 ± 363 μg kg-1 DM h-1) at 16 h. Sulfide and aldehydes ketones were identified as dominant odor contributor to UFW and CFW, respectively. While aldehydes ketones and sulfides were both dominant odor contributor to HKW. Moreover, the microbial diversity analysis suggests that Acinetobacter was the dominant genus in UFW, and Lactobacillus was the dominant genus in CFW and HKW. In addition, it was evident that each odorous pollutant was significantly associated with two or more bacterial genera, and most bacterial genera such as Acinetobacter, were also significantly associated with multiple odorous pollutants. The variation of odorants composition kept consistent with microbial composition. The present study could provide essential evidence for a comprehensive understanding of odorant generation in the initial decomposition stage of municipal biowaste. It could contribute to setting out strategies for odor control and abatement in municipal biowaste management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erqi Nie
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Haowen Duan
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
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Yang W, Ci M, Hu L, Shen Z, Fang C, Long Y. Sulfate-reduction behavior in waste-leachate transition zones of landfill sites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 428:128199. [PMID: 35030490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The sulfate reduction behavior of the waste-leachate transition zone of landfill was investigated at different temperatures and moisture contents. Marked differences in the sulfate reduction behavior were observed in the waste-leachate transition zone. The highest H2S concentration was observed when the solid-to-liquid ratio was 1:3 at both temperatures. Although more leachate led to higher H2S concentrations, the solid-to-liquid ratio was likely of subordinate significance compared with temperature. The microbial community was more unstable at 50 °C and more extensive mutualistic interactions among bacteria were observed, resulting in SRB showing a more violent response to changes in the solid-to-liquid ratio. At 25 °C, it's the opposite. A temperature of 25 °C was suitable for most SRB (such as Desulfomicrobium and Desulfobulbus), while some specific SRB that did not contain the functional genes (such as Dethiobacter and Anaerolinea) played a pivotal role in the significant differences in sulfate reduction behavior observed at 50 °C. This study provides a theoretical basis for controlling the release of H2S from landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Enginee ring, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Manting Ci
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Enginee ring, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, Institution of Industrial Carbon Metrology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Zhen Shen
- Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd., Winston Salem, NC 27109, United States
| | - Chengran Fang
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Enginee ring, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Jońca J, Pawnuk M, Arsen A, Sówka I. Electronic Noses and Their Applications for Sensory and Analytical Measurements in the Waste Management Plants-A Review. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22041510. [PMID: 35214407 PMCID: PMC8877425 DOI: 10.3390/s22041510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Waste management plants are one of the most important sources of odorants that may cause odor nuisance. The monitoring of processes involved in the waste treatment and disposal as well as the assessment of odor impact in the vicinity of this type of facilities require two different but complementary approaches: analytical and sensory. The purpose of this work is to present these two approaches. Among sensory techniques dynamic and field olfactometry are considered, whereas analytical methodologies are represented by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), single gas sensors and electronic noses (EN). The latter are the core of this paper and are discussed in details. Since the design of multi-sensor arrays and the development of machine learning algorithms are the most challenging parts of the EN construction a special attention is given to the recent advancements in the sensitive layers development and current challenges in data processing. The review takes also into account relatively new EN systems based on mass spectrometry and flash gas chromatography technologies. Numerous examples of applications of the EN devices to the sensory and analytical measurements in the waste management plants are given in order to summarize efforts of scientists on development of these instruments for constant monitoring of chosen waste treatment processes (composting, anaerobic digestion, biofiltration) and assessment of odor nuisance associated with these facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Jońca
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (J.J.); (M.P.)
| | - Marcin Pawnuk
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (J.J.); (M.P.)
| | - Adalbert Arsen
- calval.pl sp. z o.o., Emili Plater 7F/8, 65-395 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Izabela Sówka
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (J.J.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-320-25-60
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Characterizing Key Volatile Pollutants Emitted from Adhesives by Chemical Compositions, Odor Contributions and Health Risks. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031125. [PMID: 35164389 PMCID: PMC8839774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As one of the major sources of volatile pollutants in indoor air, gaseous emissions from adhesives during interior decoration have attracted increasing concern. Identifying major volatile pollutants and the risk in adhesive gaseous emissions is of great significance, but remains rarely reported. In the present research, we assessed the major volatile pollutants emitted from white emulsion adhesive and silicone adhesive samples (n = 30) from three aspects: chemical composition, odor and health risk contributions. The results showed that a total of 21 volatile pollutants were detected. Significantly, xylene was the most concentrated compound from white emulsion adhesives, accounting for 45.51% of the total concentrations. Butanone oxime was the most concentrated compound in silicone adhesives, accounting for 69.86% of the total concentrations. The trends in odor concentration (evaluated by the odor activity value method) over time were well correlated with the total chemical concentrations. Xylene (58.00%) and butanone oxime (76.75%) showed the highest odor contribution, respectively. Moreover, from an integrated perspective of chemical emissions, odor and health risk contributions, xylene, ethylbenzene, ethyl acetate and benzene were identified as the key volatile pollutants emitted from the white emulsion adhesives, while butanone oxime, butanone, and ethanol were the key volatile pollutants emitted from the silicone adhesives. This study not only identified the key volatile pollutants but also provided characteristics of odor and health risks of gas emitted from adhesives.
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Zhang Y, Ning X, Li Y, Wang J, Cui H, Meng J, Teng C, Wang G, Shang X. Impact assessment of odor nuisance, health risk and variation originating from the landfill surface. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 126:771-780. [PMID: 33892363 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many researchers are concerned that municipal solid waste (MSW) threatens public health, causing them to increasingly focus on odor pollution. In this study, the odor nuisance and health risk impacts of landfill surface gas on eight sensitive receptors were assessed. The emission rates of odor and 145 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were acquired by considering various landfilling operations, including high-density polyethylene (HDPE) membrane removal (MR), landfill tipping area (TA), temporary HDPE membrane cover (MC), top of the HDPE membrane (LM) and dumping platform (DP). Furthermore, differences in landfill surface geometry, such as emission height and source area, and variations in residential living floors were considered in odor assessment with the air dispersion model. Based on these uncertain factors, normal-, medial-, and worst-case scenarios were defined to elucidate the odor nuisance effect and health risk impact. Four of the eight sensitive receptors, which were 2.6 km away from the landfill surface, basically experienced odor nuisance and health risk impacts. Dichloromethane exerted an indelible and crucial impact on body health based on a comprehensive investigation of aromatics, halocarbons, and other chemicals. The odor nuisance and health risk impacts were notable near the landfill, and the local environment was remarkably damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China; Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ning
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Yaohuang Li
- GZEPI Environmental Service Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianzhuang Wang
- Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Huanwen Cui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China; Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jie Meng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China; Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Changyun Teng
- GZEPI Environmental Service Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gen Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xibin Shang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China; Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300191, China
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Liu Y, Yang H, Lu W. VOCs released from municipal solid waste at the initial decomposition stage: Emission characteristics and an odor impact assessment. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 98:143-150. [PMID: 33097146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nuisance from odor caused by municipal solid waste (MSW) is resulting in a growing number of public complaints and concerns. Odor pollution occurs in the initial decomposition stage of MSW, including waste collection, transportation and early pre-treatment. Furthermore, decomposition takes place in waste facilities that are often close to living areas, which can result in odor impacts on local inhabitants. However, this aspect of odor impact from MSW has not been well studied. In the current study, lab-scale waste cells were designed to simulate MSW storage conditions in the early stage. The characteristics of VOCs emissions with different waste compositions were analyzed. The odor concentration (CO, non-dimensional) method and odor intensity were used for the assessment of odor. Ethanol was the substance with highest emission rate. The release rate of VOCs increased with the growth easily biodegradable waste (EBW). VOCs emissions was reduced by 25% when the proportion of EBW decreased from 60% to 45%. Methyl sulfide, ethanol, dimethyl disulfide and ethyl acetate were identified as typical odorants. The EBW proportion in waste is the main factor significantly influencing odor pollution. The CO was 244.51 for the 60% EBW condition, which was only 61.46 for 15% EBW condition. These study results provide important information for the implementation of a garbage sorting policy and the monitoring of odor pollution from waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Huiyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Zhao Y, Xu Y, Xu A, Tan H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang H. Assessing transfer distances and separation areas of odorous compounds from probability analysis with numerical dispersion modeling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 268:110669. [PMID: 32383658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Odor pollution caused by volatile compounds from waste-treatment facilities is a typical nuisance, and assessing its potential impacts is crucial. Challenges in odor-dispersion simulation and impact assessment are attributed to the occasional and fluctuant emissions of odorous compounds and varying meteorological conditions for dispersion. This study established an approach to assessing the transfer distances and determining the separation areas of odor pollution by combining probability analysis and numerical dispersion simulation. With a waste transfer station as a case, we analyzed odorous compounds from 96 samples and performed 2190 simulation rounds with different meteorological parameters throughout an entire year by using a specialized model (ModOdor). Ethanol, dimethyl disulfide, and dimethyl sulfide were identified as typical odorous compounds in terms of source intensity and detection frequency. The concentration distribution, probability of transfer distances in terms of month and year, and separation area determination from cumulative probability were investigated. Under most studied conditions, the compound concentrations rapidly decreased after being released. From the year-round perspective, an ethanol concentration exceeding 1 μg/m3 was in approximately 80% probability limited in the area with a radius of 200 m. With a cutoff of 95% probability, the closest transfer distances towards all orientations can circle the odor separation area. The compound concentrations in the separation area had a probability higher than 5% throughout the year to exceed the assigned reference concentrations. The approach and demonstration can solve the mutability problem of odor pollution from a probability perspective and thus potentially improve odor pollution control in waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Yingjie Xu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ankun Xu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Haobo Tan
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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