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Gu J, Liu L, Zhu R, Song Q, Yu H, Jiang P, Miao C, Du Y, Fu R, Wang Y, Hao Y, Sai H. Recycling Coal Fly Ash for Super-Thermal-Insulating Aerogel Fiber Preparation with Simultaneous Al 2O 3 Extraction. Molecules 2023; 28:7978. [PMID: 38138468 PMCID: PMC10746117 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A large quantity of coal fly ash is generated worldwide from thermal power plants, causing a serious environmental threat owing to disposal and storage problems. In this work, for the first time, coal fly ash is converted into advanced and novel aerogel fibers and high-purity α-Al2O3. Silica-bacterial cellulose composite aerogel fibers (CAFs) were synthesized using an in situ sol-gel process under ambient pressure drying. Due to the unique "nanoscale interpenetrating network" (IPN) structure, the CAFs showed wonderful mechanical properties with an optimum tensile strength of 5.0 MPa at an ultimate elongation of 5.8%. Furthermore, CAFs with a high porosity (91.8%) and high specific surface area (588.75 m2/g) can inherit advanced features, including excellent thermal insulation, stability over a wide temperature range, and hydrophobicity (contact angle of approximately 144°). Additionally, Al2O3 was simultaneously extracted from the coal fly ash to ensure that the coal fly ash was fully exploited. Overall, low-cost woven CAFs fabrics are suitable for wearable applications and offer a great approach to comprehensively use coal fly ash to address environmental threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Lipeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Qiqi Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Hanqing Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Pengjie Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Changqing Miao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Yuxiang Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Rui Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Yaxiong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Yan Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Huazheng Sai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; (J.G.); (L.L.); (R.Z.); (Q.S.); (H.Y.); (P.J.); (C.M.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Engineering & Comprehensive Utilization, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
- Aerogel Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
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Zheng W, Li Y, Zhu Y, Wang F, Zhao D, Yang Y, Li H. Preparation of a Novel Structure-Designed Porous Ceramsite for Water Retention. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:42753-42763. [PMID: 37646737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Ceramsites can be used as water storage materials, but the challenges of low water absorption and short water-retention time are restricted to their application. In this paper, a novel multilayer powder coatings method was used to prepare a structure-designed ceramsite. The results showed that the structure-designed ceramsite can be prepared by a multilayer powder coating method. A ceramsite with large internal and small external pores has superior properties, with a water absorption rate of 51.3% at 24 h and a water-retention time of 56 h at 50 °C and 55% RH. This work not only broadens the new way of solid waste resource utilization but also has great significance in promoting the construction of sponge cities and overcoming the urban heat island effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wukui Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
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Yu X, Cui Y, Chen Y, Chang IS, Wu J. The drivers of collaborative innovation of the comprehensive utilization technologies of coal fly ash in China: a network analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:56291-56308. [PMID: 35334046 PMCID: PMC8948057 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19816-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Coal consumption brings a lot of coal fly ash (CFA). It requires interdisciplinary efforts in research, policy, and practice to improve the utilization of CFA. Although there have been a lot of achievements in technological innovation, the utilization of CFA is still difficult to match its output. So, it is urgent to explore how to guide its effective innovation. This paper uses social network analysis to discuss the characteristics of the collaborative innovation network of CFA comprehensive utilization technology in China. Then, this paper uses regression analysis to explore the differences in innovation performance under different research and development (R&D) backgrounds. The results show that (1) based on the network-level indicators, the collaborative innovation scale has an obvious trend of expanding. Partnerships increased from 20 to 574. Meanwhile, the network shows obvious scale-free and "small-world" characteristics, indicating that innovation resources are concentrated in a few organizations. (2) Based on the node-level indicators, the major contributor has shifted from universities and research institutions to enterprises. Enterprises account for the highest proportion (73%) and have the highest centrality (8.3). The betweenness centrality of the universities is 265, and only 14% of the organizations are universities which means universities play an important role in connecting different organizations in the network, but their participation in the collaborative innovation is insufficient. (3) Based on the collaborative relationship-level indicators, the cooperation is lack of depth. Only a small number of organizations, especially enterprises, have stable partners, showing the characteristic of "low cooperation width and high cooperation depth," which means fewer partners but more frequently collaborative innovation. (4) Based on the innovation performance, the innovation performance under the category of cooperative R&D, especially industry-academy cooperation, is better than that of independent R&D. But, industry-academy cooperation only occupied 43% of collaborative relationships in the network. Finally, this paper puts forward suggestions for governments from five aspects: decentralization, defining roles of enterprise and university, encouraging collaboration, changing the idea of the patent application, and promoting deeper cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yue Cui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - I-Shin Chang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Effect of Chlorides Content on the Structure and Properties of Porous Glass Ceramics Obtained from Siliceous Rock. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093268. [PMID: 35591602 PMCID: PMC9099654 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Porous glass-ceramic materials are used in the construction engineering and repair of various objects. The article investigates the method for obtaining porous glass ceramics from siliceous rock with a high calcite content. To obtain samples with an even fine porous structure, a small amount (≤0.386%) of chloride (NaCl, KCl, MgCl2·6H2O, CaCl2) was added to the charge mixture. At the first stage, mechanochemical activation of raw materials was carried out. Siliceous rock, Na2CO3 and additives (chlorides) were grinded together in a planetary ball mill. The resulting charge was annealed at a temperature of 850 °C. The influence of the type and amount of chloride on the properties of the charge mixture and glass ceramics has been defined by thermal analysis (TA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. The chlorides in the charge mixture decreased the calcite’s decarbonization temperature and had an effect on the macro- and microstructure of the material. As a result, samples of glass ceramics with an even finely porous structure in the form of blocks were obtained. The samples consist of quartz, wollastonite, devitrite, anorthoclase and an amorphous phase. On average, 89–90% of the resulting material consists of with small pores. The apparent density of the samples is in the range of 245–267 kg/m3. Bending and compressive strength reaches 1.75 MPa and 3.8 MPa, respectively. The minimum thermal conductivity of the modified samples is 0.065 W/(m∙°C). The limiting operating temperature is 860 °C, and the minimum thermal shock resistance is 170 °C. The material has a high chemical stability. They can be used as thermal insulation for some types of industrial and civil facilities.
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Zeng L, Sun H, Peng T. Effect of Borax On Sintering Kinetics, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Porous Glass-Ceramics From Coal Fly Ash by Direct Overfiring. Front Chem 2022; 10:839680. [PMID: 35372276 PMCID: PMC8968146 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.839680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct sintering process of coal fly ash for the preparation of glass-ceramics is the liquid-phase sintering process, from non-densification to densification. When the temperature exceeds the densification temperature point, the porosity of glass-ceramics on the contrary increases and the pore diameter increases. This provides a basis to prepare porous glass-ceramics by direct overfiring. Adding borax to coal fly ash can reduce the temperature of liquid phase formation, reduce the preparing temperature of porous glass-ceramics, achieve the purpose of energy saving. The effects of borax on the structure, properties and sintering kinetics of porous glass-ceramics prepared from coal fly ash by overfiring were investigated. It is found that the introduction of B-O bond can change the network structure of non-crystalline vitreous in coal fly ash, reduce the melting temperature, promote the formation of liquid phase, and thus increase the porosity of porous glass-ceramics. This paper provides a certain experimental basis for the preparation of porous glass-ceramics by direct overfiring of coal fly ash at low temperature without adding pore-forming agent, and provides a new possibility for the high-value resource utilization of coal fly ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Li Zeng,
| | - Hongjuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Tongjiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
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Luo B, Peng T, Sun H, Hui T. Preparation and Crystallization of Magnetic Glass-Ceramics from the Residues after Sulfur Release and Iron Recovery from Copper Ore Tailings with Varied CaO Content. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:986-996. [PMID: 34608766 PMCID: PMC8490944 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
To comprehensively reuse copper ore tailings (COT), the fabrication of glass-ceramics by the direct sintering method was investigated, where the residues after sulfur release and iron recovery from copper ore tailings were used as raw materials. The effect of the CaO added on the fabrication of glass-ceramics was emphasized. After analysis of chemical composition and thermodynamics, crystallization kinetics were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and fitted to the Kissinger equation. The crystal phase and microstructure of sintered glass-ceramics heated between 1080 °C and 1100 °C were estimated by X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. Furthermore, the effects of the addition of CaO on the properties of the sintered glass-ceramics have been discussed. The results showed that the magnetic glass-ceramics were sintered by the residues successfully, the color of which was lighter than that of glass-ceramics sintered by raw materials before iron recovery. According to the XRD analysis, hedenbergite, wollastonite and sekaninaite were formed with traces of maghemite and quartz. In terms of crystallization kinetics and sintering results, a decrease in the activation energies of crystallization and in sintering temperature were observed for an increase in the addition of CaO of up to 10 wt.%. Moreover, the properties of the sintered glass-ceramics, including bulk density, linear shrinkage and flexural strength, were enhanced, while water absorption and true density were reduced with the increase of the amount of CaO added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource RecycleMinistry of EducationMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
- Institute of Mineral Materials and ApplicationsSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
- City CollegeSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan621000P. R. China
| | - Tongjiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource RecycleMinistry of EducationMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
- Analytical and Testing CenterSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
- Institute of Mineral Materials and ApplicationsSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource RecycleMinistry of EducationMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
- Institute of Mineral Materials and ApplicationsSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
| | - Tao Hui
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource RecycleMinistry of EducationMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
- Institute of Mineral Materials and ApplicationsSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan621010P. R. China
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Zhu L, Tang Y, Mao M, Wu Z, Zhao K. Dendritic porous alumina with high porosity by directional freeze casting using a binary solution for bacterial removal. Ann Ital Chir 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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