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Fu J, Chen Y, Ma R, Huang H, Luo J, Zheng H, Sun S. Microwave-modulated graded porous carbon for supercapacitors: Pore size matching and operating voltage expansion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 673:163-177. [PMID: 38871624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Optimizing the pore structure and its interaction with the electrolytes was vital for enhancing the performance of supercapacitors based on the electrical double layer mechanism. In this study, graded porous carbon material (STP) with outstanding properties was prepared by adjusting the activation temperature and KOH dosage in the microwave pyrolysis process of sargassum thunbergii. The results demonstrated that better electrochemical performance was obtained when 1 M NaNO3 was used as electrolyte and STP-800-3 was employed as electrode material, attributed to its excellent specific surface area (SSA) of 2011.8 m2 g-1, high micropore ratio, and the optimal matching degree between micropore size and electrolyte ion diameter. Moreover, the operating voltage window was expanded to 2.0 V in supercapacitors assembled with 6 M NaNO3 high-concentration electrolyte. Simultaneously, the symmetric supercapacitors exhibited a remarkable specific capacitance of 290.0 F g-1, a high energy density of 39.0 W h kg-1, and outstanding capacity retention at 70.9% after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles based on 6 M NaNO3 electrolyte. Consequently, the results provided valuable technical support and theoretical basis to foster progress of novel and high-performance supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemei Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huimin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Juan Luo
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Huihai Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shichang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Yang T, Xiao Y, Zhao X, Li D, Ma Z, Li W, Gong T, Zhang T, Huang N, Xi B. Transformation pathways of the carbon-containing group compounds during municipal sludge pyrolysis treatment. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 178:26-34. [PMID: 38377766 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Municipal sludge contains abundant amounts of carbon, with contents ranging from 14 % to 38 %. The various carbon-containing group compounds can be converted into beneficial products, but pollutants and greenhouse gases are also released through the municipal sludge pyrolysis process. Ascertaining the pathways by which carbon-containing group compounds is converted and transformed is crucial for addressing pollution concerns and promoting recycling. This study explored the transformation pathways of carbon-containing group compounds during the pyrolysis process of municipal sludge. The results showed that the three major carbon-containing group compounds including protein (61 %), cellulose (9 %), and hemicellulose (7 %), had significantly different pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, 400 °C and 300 °C. In terms of gas pollution, most carbon was fully pyrolyzed into CO2. While the temperature raised up to 500 °C, a part of the CO2 converted into CO. Meanwhile, the various carbon-containing compounds exhibited distinct effects on gas production, which CH4 was produced more with cellulose and protein presenting in the sludge. When temperature increased to 700 °C, the 60 % of the carbon-containing group compounds were transformed into liquid and solid. The pyrolysis liquid in the low-temperature stage (30-300 °C) contained a relatively high aliphatics content and lower organooxygen species (OOSs) content (at 200 °C), suggesting a potential for resource utilization. The yield of CO in the gas rapidly increased as the temperature increased in the high-temperature stage (500-700 °C). The insights from this study hold practical implications for enhancing municipal sludge pyrolysis efficiency, reducing pollution, and facilitating more sustainable and resource-efficient practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710000, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Dongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Zhifei Ma
- School of Resources Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Tiancheng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Nannan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
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Zhao L, Li Q, Wang H, Zhou Z, Li N, Pan H, Liu Y, Liu X. Enhanced Adsorptive Removal of Tetracycline by Phosphomolybdic Acid-Modified Low-Temperature Sludge Biochar. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:751-760. [PMID: 38109683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the adsorption capacity and reducing the energy consumption of sludge biochar during preparation is important. In this study, a new modification method was developed to prepare phosphomolybdic acid-modified sludge biochar through the low-temperature pyrolysis of sewage sludge using phosphomolybdic acid as a modifier. Tetracycline was used to assess the adsorption performance of sludge biochar, and phosphomolybdic acid-modified sludge biochar was prepared at different temperatures. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of sludge biochar improved from 84.49 to 120.86 mg/g through modification with phosphomolybdic acid at 200 °C. The maximum adsorption capacities of phosphomolybdic acid-modified sludge biochar (200 °C pyrolysis temperature) at 298, 308, and 318 K were 283.87, 421.39, and 545.48 mg/g, respectively. Both liquid film and intraparticle diffusion were the main rate-limiting steps of tetracycline adsorption by phosphomolybdic acid-modified sludge biochar. Furthermore, the adsorption of tetracycline by phosphomolybdic acid-modified sludge biochar was mainly attributed to π-π interactions, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and pore filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Zhao
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and New Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Research Center for Soil and Groundwater Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Qian Li
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and New Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Research Center for Soil and Groundwater Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Hengyi Wang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and New Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Research Center for Soil and Groundwater Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Huahong Water Group Co. Ltd., Nanning 530000, China
| | - Nan Li
- Huahong Water Group Co. Ltd., Nanning 530000, China
| | - Honghui Pan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and New Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Research Center for Soil and Groundwater Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Guangxi Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Nanning 530001, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and New Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Research Center for Soil and Groundwater Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Xixiang Liu
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Materials and New Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Research Center for Soil and Groundwater Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
- Guangxi Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Nanning 530001, China
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Chen J, Zhang H, Farooq U, Zhang Q, Ni J, Miao R, Chen W, Qi Z. Transport of dissolved organic matters derived from biomass-pyrogenic smoke (SDOMs) and their effects on mobility of heavy metal ions in saturated porous media. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 336:139247. [PMID: 37330067 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-pyrogenic smoke-derived dissolved organic matter (SDOMs) percolating into the underground environment profoundly impacts the transport and fate of environmental pollutants in groundwater systems. Herein, SDOMs were produced by pyrolyzing wheat straw at 300-900 °C to explore their transport properties and effects on Cu2+ mobility in quartz sand porous media. The results indicated that SDOMs exhibited high mobility in saturated sand. Meanwhile, the mobility of SDOMs was enhanced at a higher pyrolysis temperature due to the decrease in their molecular sizes and the declined H-bonding interactions between SDOM molecules and sand grains. Furthermore, the transport of SDOMs was elevated as pH values were raised from 5.0 to 9.0, which resulted from the strengthened electrostatic repulsion between SDOMs and quartz sand particles. More importantly, SDOMs could facilitate Cu2+ transport in the quartz sand, which stemmed from forming soluble Cu-SDOM complexes. Intriguingly, the promotional function of SDOMs for the mobility of Cu2+ was strongly dependent on the pyrolysis temperature. Generally, SDOMs generated at higher temperatures exhibited superior effects. The phenomenon was mainly due to the differences in the Cu-binding capacities of various SDOMs (e.g., cation-π attractive interactions). Our findings highlight that the high-mobility SDOM can considerably affect heavy metal ions' environmental fate and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China; Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Usman Farooq
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Ecology Institute of the Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Renhui Miao
- Dabieshan National Observation and Research Field Station of Forest Ecosystem at Henan, International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China.
| | - Zhichong Qi
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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Zhu A, Bian X, Han W, Wen Y, Ye K, Wang G, Yan J, Cao D, Zhu K, Wang S. Microwave-ultra-fast recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries by deep eutectic solvents. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 156:139-147. [PMID: 36462344 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The large-scale use of electric vehicles produced massive discarded lithium-ion batteries, containing many recyclable valuable metals and toxic and harmful substances. Biodegradable and recyclable deep eutectic solvent (DES) is considered a green recycling technology for spent LIBs. Herein, we proposed a microwave-enhanced approach to shorten the leaching time in the urea/lactic acid: choline chloride: ethylene glycol DES system. The dipole moments induced by urea or lactic acid on LiCoO2 surface increased over two orders of magnitude under the high electric field. Because of this, over 90 % of Li and Co can be fast leached at 4 min and 160 W in the urea/lactic acid: choline chloride: ethylene glycol DES system. Meanwhile, we established two models to explain the leaching mechanism of metal ions from their leaching kinetics and micro-level behavior, and named them dot-etching and layer-peeling processes, respectively. By further analyzing, we found that the dot-etching can be attributed to the synergistic effect of reduction and coordination, which caused the surface of leaching residues porous. The layer-peeling process depends on neutralization, and the leaching residues had a smooth surface in this process. This work highlights the effect of microwave-enhanced strategy and DES surface chemistry on spent electrode materials recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahui Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou 510655, China; Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinyu Bian
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Weijiang Han
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yong Wen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Ke Ye
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dianxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Shubin Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou 510655, China; Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
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Chang H, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Damgaard A, Christensen TH. Review of inventory data for the thermal treatment of sewage sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 146:106-118. [PMID: 35588648 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The thermal treatment of sewage sludge has gained much interest in recent years, as exemplified by the 269 papers found in the scientific literature for the period 2010-2021. We identified 140 datasets in 57 papers presenting inventory data related to mass flows, energy and emissions for the incineration, gasification and pyrolysis of sewage sludge. Sewage sludge incineration (excess oxygen, 850-950 ℃) is an established technology; however, data on flue gas cleaning and air emissions are scarce. The recovery of energy is close to the amount of energy used for incinerating dried sludge (0.2 kWh/kg TS), while dewatered sludge incineration uses more energy (1-2 kWh/kg TS) than what can be recovered. Sewage sludge gasification (limited oxygen, 650-950 ℃) is an experimental technology with four outputs (kg/kg sludge TS): char 0.43, tar 0.02, fly ash 0.06 and syngas 0.53. The data vary significantly in this regard, suggesting than many factors affect the performance of the gasification process. Sewage sludge pyrolysis (no oxygen, 400-800 ℃) is an experimental technology with five outputs (kg/kg sludge TS): char 0.53, tar 0.21, water < 0.05, fly ash set to zero and syngas 0.21. The values are somewhat different for digested sludge. Energy consumption for the pyrolysis of sewage sludge cannot be estimated from the literature. The current literature provides useful data on the main flows of thermal technologies, although large variations are in evidence. However, data are limited on energy consumption and recovery in general, and they are scarce on direct emissions to the air from incineration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Silan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Anders Damgaard
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Thomas H Christensen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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Ali L, Palamanit A, Techato K, Baloch KA, Jutidamrongphan W. Valorization of rubberwood sawdust and sewage sludge by pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis using agitated bed reactor for producing biofuel or value-added products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1338-1363. [PMID: 34355326 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated experimentally pyrolysis of rubberwood sawdust (RWS), sewage sludge (SS), and their blends (25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 by weight) in an agitated bed pyrolysis reactor. The yields and characteristics of liquid product and biochar were determined for pyrolysis at 450, 500, and 550 °C and were affected both by temperature and feedstock type. The liquid and biochar yields were in the ranges 27.30-52.42 and 21.43-49.66 (wt%). Pyrolysis of RWS at 550 °C provided the highest liquid yield, while SS gave a high biochar yield. Co-pyrolysis of SS with RWS improved yield and quality of liquid and biochar products. The liquid product had 57.54-70.70 wt% of water and a low hydrocarbon content. The higher heating value (HHV) of water-free liquid product was 14.73-22.45 MJ/kg. The major compounds of liquid product included acetic acid, 2-propanone, 1-hydroxy, and phenols according to GC-MS. The biochar from RWS had a high carbon content (83.37 wt%) and a high HHV (33.57 MJ/kg), while SS biochar was mainly ash (67.62 wt%) with low carbon content. The SS biochar also had high contents of Si, Ca, Fe, K, and Mg as determined by XRF. Co-pyrolysis of SS with RWS improved the biochar by increasing its carbon content and reducing ash and inorganic elements. The surface of RWS biochar was more porous, while SS biochar had the larger specific surface according to SEM and BET. Based on these results, co-pyrolysis of 75:25 feedstock mix is recommended for further studies on applications of liquid product and biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liaqat Ali
- Sustainable Energy Management Program, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Arkom Palamanit
- Energy Technology Program, Department of Specialized Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
| | - Kuaanan Techato
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Khurshid Ahmed Baloch
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
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Waste-Based Intermediate Bioenergy Carriers: Syngas Production via Coupling Slow Pyrolysis with Gasification under a Circular Economy Model. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14217366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Waste-based feedstocks and bioenergy intermediate carriers are key issues of the whole bioenergy value chain. Towards a circular economy, changing upcycling infra-structure systems takes time, while energy-from-waste (EfW) technologies like waste pyrolysis and gasification could play an integral part. Thus, the aim of this study is to propose a circular economy pathway for the waste to energy (WtE) thermochemical technologies, through which solid biomass waste can be slowly pyrolyzed to biochar (main product), in various regionally distributed small plants, and the pyro-oils, by-products of those plants could be used as an intermediate energy carrier to fuel a central gasification plant for syngas production. Through the performed review, the main parameters of the whole process chain, from waste to syngas, were discussed. The study develops a conceptual model that can be implemented for overcoming barriers to the broad deployment of WtE solutions. The proposed model of WtE facilities is changing the recycling economy into a circular economy, where nothing is wasted, while a carbon-negative energy carrier can be achieved. The downstream side of the process (cleaning of syngas) and the economic feasibility of the dual such system need optimization.
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Chen X, Ma R, Luo J, Huang W, Fang L, Sun S, Lin J. Co-microwave pyrolysis of electroplating sludge and municipal sewage sludge to synergistically improve the immobilization of high-concentration heavy metals and an analysis of the mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126099. [PMID: 34229391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To improve the harmless treatment of high-concentration heavy metals (HMs) in electroplating sludge (ES), this study tried to combine the microwave pyrolysis technology and the addition of municipal sewage sludge (MS) to synergistically improve the immobilization of high-concentration HMs in ES. The results showed that the immobilization rate of HMs was less than 75% in ES pyrolysis biochar. Notably, the immobilization rate of HMs up to 98.00% in co-pyrolysis biochar. Finally, it was found by various characterizations that the organic carbon and inorganic minerals in MS played an important role in the immobilization of HMs through physical and chemical effects. HMs reacted with inorganic minerals to form HMs crystalline minerals (e.g., CuCl, Cu2NiSnS4, and NiSi2, ZnS) to realize the immobilization of HMs. The addition of organic carbon was conducive to the formation of biochar with higher carbon crystallinity (ID/IG = 0.96) and larger specific surface area (52.50 m2 g-1), thereby enhancing the physical adsorption to HMs. Meanwhile, the complexation reaction between HMs and functional groups such as -OH, Si-O-Si could also further improve the immobilization of HMs. Therefore, this study provided a technical and theoretical basis for the harmless disposal of waste containing multiple HMs with high-concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Juan Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wentao Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lin Fang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shichang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Center for Water Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518055, China.
| | - Junhao Lin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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