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Zhang C, Li Y, Yu Z, Liu Y, Dong L. Effectiveness of biological drying for citric acid dewatered sludge: Evaluating the impact of energy-efficient ventilation strategies. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 182:237-249. [PMID: 38677141 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The effectiveness of dehydration and utilization processes for citric acid dewatered sludge is hampered by its high concentrations of polysaccharides, proteins, and water-binding properties of microbial extracellular polymers (EPS). This research explores the efficacy and mechanisms involved in extracting water from this type of sludge using biological drying technology, with varying rates of ventilation. Especially pertinent was the use of low ventilation rates as control variables. Our results suggest that a scheduled intermittent ventilation at lower rates allows for the most efficient removal of water, achieving a rate of 41.71 % within eight days, according to the zero-order kinetic model. Remarkably, the peak temperature registered was 60 °C, reaching this threshold in just 0.1 days and maintaining high temperatures for approximately 5.9 days. Component analysis of organic matter illustrated a preferential degradation process for lipids under these ventilation conditions which is pivotal for releasing and transforming bound water for efficient extraction, as well as facilitating the breakdown of easily hydrolysable materials. Further, polysaccharide/protein (EPS) decomposition contributed to water removal, though less significantly. The periodic ventilation strategy allowed for the maximum cumulative temperature to be sustained, demonstrating superior efficiency in harnessing bio-generated heat (82.77 % for water evaporation), resulting in dry sludge suitable for self-sustained combustion at relatively low cost ($26.61/t). Highlighted by this study is the considerable potential of energy-efficient ventilation methods in the biological drying treatment of citric acid fermented sludge and similar industrial waste materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing, China
| | - YangYang Li
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - ZhanQiu Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing, China
| | - YanFeng Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing, China
| | - LiMing Dong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing, China.
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Yu B, Fu L, Chen T, Zheng G, Yang J, Cheng Y, Liu Y, Huang X. Environmental impacts of cement kiln co-incineration sewage sludge biodried products in a scale-up trial. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 177:24-33. [PMID: 38290345 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The biodrying technology as a pretreatment technology can overcome the limitations of cement kilns co-incineration sewage sludge (SS) on energy consumption. But the impact of SS biodried products on cement kilns and the route carbon reduction potential of biodrying + cement kilns have not been studied. In this study, SS biodrying and cement kiln co-incineration biodried product trials were conducted to highlight the matrix combustion characteristics, and the impact of biodried products on cement kilns (clinker capacity, coal consumption, and pollutant discharge). The carbon emissions of the four scenarios were assessed based on these results. The results showed that water removal rate reached 65.5 % after 11-day biodrying, and the wet-based lower heating value of the biodried product increased by 76.0 % compared with the initial matrix. Comprehensive combustibility index of the biodried product (0.745 × 10-7 %2℃-3min-2) was better than that of SS (0.433 × 10-7 %2℃-3min-2) although a portion of the organic matter was degraded. Cement kiln co-incineration of biodried products (150 t/d) resulted in per tonne of clinker saved 5.61 kg of coal due to the heat utilization efficiency of biodried products reached to 93.7 %. However, it led to an increase in the emission concentrations of NOX and SO2. Assessment results indicated that the biodrying + cement kiln pathway reduced CO2 emissions by 385.7 kg/t SS. Biodried products have greater potential to reduce emissions as alternative fuels than as fertilizers. This study indicated the advantages of SS biodrying + cement kiln co-incineration route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lili Fu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
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Xiong S, Liu Y, Zhang H, Xu S, Li S, Fan X, Chen R, Ding G, Li J, Wei Y. Effects of chemical additives and mature compost on reducing nitrogen loss during food waste composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:39000-39011. [PMID: 36593319 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at adding different types of mature compost and sulfur powder, as additives into food waste composting to investigate the effect on nitrogen loss and compost maturity. The composting experiment used the in-vessel composting method and was conducted continuously for 15 days. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the bacterial community during composting. Results showed that the secondary fermentation mature compost mixed with sulfur powder group had the most reduction of ammonia emission (56%) and the primary fermentation mature compost amendments were the most effective for nitrous oxide emission reduction (37%). The temperature, pH, and nitrogen forms of transformation of the pile significantly affect the nitrogen loss during composting. Firmicutes helped to promote the rapid warming of the pile, and Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria played an important role in decomposition of organic matter. Thermobifida and Ureibacillus had a main contribution to the rapid degradation of organic matter in the process of composting. The relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was higher, and the relative abundance of predominantly ammonifying and denitrifying bacteria was lower than the control group, with the addition of different additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangao Xiong
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China
- Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Yongdi Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shaoqi Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Songrong Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinqi Fan
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Guochun Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 215128, China.
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Yu B, Chen T, Wang X, Yang J, Zheng G, Fu L, Huang X, Wang Y. Insights into the effect mechanism of back-mixing inoculation on sewage sludge biodrying process: Biodrying characteristics and microbial community succession. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159460. [PMID: 36257443 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Back mixing was frequently used to replace conventional bulking agenting, however, however, the internal effect mechanism was unclear. This study compared four bulking agents: mushroom residue (MR), MR + primary BM (BM-P), BM-P, and secondary BM (BM-S). The effect mechanism of back mixing (BM) inoculation was assessed based on biodrying performance and microbial community succession. Four trials (Trial A, Trial B, Trial C, and Trial D) reached maximum temperatures of 61.9, 68.8, 73.7, and 69.9 °C on days 6, 3, 2, and 2, respectively. Application of BM increased pile warming rate and resulted in higher temperatures. Temperature changes and microbial competition lead to decline in microbial diversity and richness during the biodrying process. Microbial diversity increased of four biodried products. The number of microorganisms shared by Trial A, Trial B, Trial C, and Trial D were 90, 119, 224, and 300, respectively. The addition of BM improved microbial community stability, and facilitating the initiation of biodrying process. Microbial genera that played an important role in the biodrying process included Ureibacillus, Bacillus, Sphaerobacter, and Tepidimicrobium. Based on these results, it was concluded that BM was efficient method to enhanced the microbial activity and reduced the usage of bulking agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiankai Wang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lili Fu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
| | - Xue Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yagen Wang
- Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
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Yu B, Chen T, Zheng G, Yang J, Huang X, Fu L, Cai L. Water-heat balance characteristics of the sewage sludge bio-drying process in a full-scale bio-drying plant with circulated air. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 141:220-230. [PMID: 35149478 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge bio-drying technology has attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this study, we explored the water-heat balance under two ventilation strategies for the first time in bio-drying plants with circulated air, and examined the influence of air circulation on water removal and heat recovery. We want to obtain the relationships of pile temperature, ventilation, and water removal. Then, it provides support for optimizing the bio-drying process conditions and improving the efficiency through analysis of the water-heat relationship. In the low-ventilation and high-ventilation trials, water removed was mainly on Days 9-12 and 1-4, respectively. Ventilation and pile temperature jointly determine the water removed during the bio-drying process. Water balance indicated that more than 30% of the water was removed under the nonventilated process. More organic matter was degraded to maintain a higher pile temperature under low-ventilation than under high-ventilation, which also led to more radiation heat being lost. High-ventilation trial input less energy (3.36 MJ/kg water removed) but obtained a higher bio-drying index I (7.04) and heat utilization efficiency Qeffic (94.1%). Heat balance showed that lower energy consumption by dry air (Qdryair) was obtained due to circulation air with high temperature. Circulation air also has a higher carried capacity of water vapor but carries more water into the pile due to higher humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xue Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
| | - Lili Fu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
| | - Lu Cai
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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