1
|
Sun X, Hou X, Dong A, Tian C, Yin L, Huang J, Cui T, Yuan E. Fabrication of Fe-Zr, Co-Zr, and Ni-Zr Catalysts to Boost CNTs Synthesis from Plastic Wastes and the Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39018430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The efficient conversion of plastic wastes to high-value carbon materials like carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is one important issue about the rational recycling, reduction, and reuse of solid wastes. Herein, Fe-, Co-, and Ni-Zr catalysts were prepared and used for CNTs synthesis from polyethylene (PE) waste via a two-stage reaction system. At the same time, the effects of the PE/catalyst ratio and reaction temperature on CNTs synthesis have been studied. Compared with Co-Zr and Ni-Zr, Fe-Zr exhibited the best activity in CNTs synthesis from PE, and it achieved the highest CNTs yield of 806.3 mg/g (per gram of Fe-Zr) at 800 °C with a PE/catalyst ratio of 4. Furthermore, the obtained Fe-Zr/CNTs composite exhibited a low overpotential of 267 mV for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 20 mA/cm2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte solution, which was 21 mV lower than commercial RuO2 (288 mV) and 50 mV lower than Fe-Zr (317 mV). It was deduced that the in situ growth of CNTs reduced the charge transfer resistance and improved the electron transport efficiency of the Fe-Zr/CNTs composite, leading to superior activity in the electrocatalytic OER. This work provided detailed information for the preparation of the metal/CNTs composite from plastic wastes, which contributed positively to alleviate the environment and energy crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xu Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ao Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Changchang Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Li Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Cui
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P. R. China
| | - Enxian Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu S, Hou X, Tian C, Dong A, Sun X, Yin L, Huang J, Yuan E. Role of the hydrocarbon molecular structure in CNT growth on Fe-Al catalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:19187-19194. [PMID: 38956985 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01395f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Upgrading plastic wastes into high-value products via the thermochemical process is one of the most attractive topics. Although carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been successfully synthesized from plastic pyrolysis gas over Fe-, Co-, or Ni-based catalysts, a deep discussion about the reaction mechanism was seldom mentioned in the literature. Herein, this work was intended to study the growth mechanism of CNTs from hydrocarbons on Fe-Al2O3 catalysts. C5-C7 hydrocarbons were used to synthesize CNTs in a high-temperature fixed-bed reactor, and the carbon products and cracked gas were analyzed in detail. The CNT yield was in the order of cyclohexane, cyclohexene > n-hexane > n-heptane > n-pentane, 1-hexene. It was proposed that CNT growth on Fe-Al2O3 catalysts was mainly determined by the yield and structure of six-membered cyclic species, which was tailored by the carbon chain length, C-C/CC bonds, and linear/cyclic structures of C5-C7 hydrocarbons. Compared with n-hexane, the six-membered rings of cyclohexane and cyclohexene promoted six-membered cyclic species formation, increasing CNT and benzene yields; the seven-membered carbon chain of n-heptane promoted methyl-six-membered cyclic species formation, decreasing CNT and benzene yields while increasing the toluene yield; the five-membered carbon chain of n-pentane and the CC bond of 1-hexene inhibited six-membered cyclic species formation, decreasing CNT and benzene yields. This work revealed the structure-activity relationship between C5-C7 hydrocarbons and CNT growth, which may direct the process design and optimization of CNT synthesis from plastic pyrolysis gas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
| | - Xu Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Changchang Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
| | - Ao Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyao Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
| | - Li Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
| | - Enxian Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cheng Y, Wang J, Fang C, Du Y, Su J, Chen J, Zhang Y. Recent Progresses in Pyrolysis of Plastic Packaging Wastes and Biomass Materials for Conversion of High-Value Carbons: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1066. [PMID: 38674986 PMCID: PMC11054047 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The recycling of plastic packaging wastes helps to alleviate the problems of white pollution and resource shortage. It is very necessary to develop high-value conversion technologies for plastic packaging wastes. To our knowledge, carbon materials with excellent properties have been widely used in energy storage, adsorption, water treatment, aerospace and functional packaging, and so on. Waste plastic packaging and biomass materials are excellent precursor materials of carbon materials due to their rich sources and high carbon content. Thus, the conversion from waste plastic packaging and biomass materials to carbon materials attracts much attention. However, closely related reviews are lacking up to now. In this work, the pyrolysis routes of the pyrolysis of plastic packaging wastes and biomass materials for conversion to high-value carbons and the influence factors were analyzed. Additionally, the applications of these obtained carbons were summarized. Furthermore, the limitations of the current pyrolysis technology are put forward and the research prospects are forecasted. Therefore, this review can provide a useful reference and guide for the research on the pyrolysis of plastic packaging wastes and biomass materials and the conversion to high-value carbon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Cheng
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.C.); (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.C.); (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Changqing Fang
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.C.); (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yanli Du
- Shaanxi Zhonghe Dadi Industrial Limited Company, Xianyang 712099, China;
| | - Jian Su
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.C.); (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jing Chen
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.C.); (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yingshuan Zhang
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; (Y.C.); (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miao J, Zhu Y, Wei Y, Wen X, Shao Z, Zhou B, Wu C, Long M. Plastic wastes-derived N-doped carbon nanotubes for efficient removal of sulfamethoxazole in high salinity wastewater via nonradical peroxymonosulfate activation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133344. [PMID: 38147749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) catalytic activation is effective to eliminate organic pollutants from water, thus the development of low-cost and efficient catalysts is significant in applications. The resource conversion of plastic wastes (PWs) into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a promising candidate for PMS-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and also a sustainable strategy to realize plastic management and reutilization. Herein, cost-effective PWs-derived N-doped CNTs (N-pCNTs) were synthesized, which displayed efficient activity for PMS activation through an electron transfer pathway (ETP) for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation in high salinity water. The pyrrolic N induced the positively charged surface of N-pCNTs, favoring the electrostatic adsorption of PMS and subsequent generation of active PMS* . A galvanic oxidation process was developed to prove the electron-shuttle dominated ETP for SMX oxidation. Combined with theoretical calculations, the efficiency of ETP was determined by the potential difference between HOMO of SMX and LUMO of N-pCNTs. Such oxidation produced low-toxicity intermediates and resulted in selective degradation of specific sulfonamide antibiotics. This work reveals the feasibility of low-cost N-pCNTs catalysts from PWs serving as an appealing candidate for PMS-AOPs in water remediation, providing a new solution to alleviate environmental issues caused by PWs and also advances the understanding of ETP during PMS activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Yan Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xue Wen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zongping Shao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Baoxue Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunfei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK.
| | - Mingce Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Q, Peng B, Cai N, Su Y, Wang S, Wu P, Cao Q, Zhang H. Simultaneous production of high-valued carbon nanotubes and hydrogen from catalytic pyrolysis of waste plastics: The role of cellulose impurity. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:420-428. [PMID: 38104414 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Upcycling waste plastics into valuable carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and hydrogen via catalytic pyrolysis is a sustainable strategy to mitigate white pollution. However, real-world plastics are complex and generally contain organic impurities, such as cellulose, which have a non-negligible impact on the catalytic pyrolysis process and product distribution. In this study, cellulose was chosen as a model compound to distinguish the effects of oxygen-containing components on the CNTs and hydrogen production during the catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene. Different amounts of cellulose were mixed with polypropylene to regulate the O/C mass ratio of the feedstock, and the relationship between the O/C mass ratio and the yield of products has been built quantificationally. The results revealed that the relative content of CNTs increased to over 95%, and the stability and purity of carbon deposition increased accordingly when the O/C mass ratio is 0.05. This could be ascribed to the etching effects caused by small amounts of H2O and CO2 on amorphous carbon. However, further increasing the amount of cellulose caused the deactivation of the Fe-Ni catalyst. This not only decreased the carbon yield but had an adverse impact on its morphology and graphitization, leading to the increase of amorphous carbon. This study can provide fundamental guidance for the efficient utilization of waste plastics that take advantage of organic impurities in waste plastic to promote the formation of high-purity CNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Bo Peng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Ning Cai
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yinhai Su
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Peng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Qi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Huiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li H, Tang KY, Yao D, Ye E, Wang CH. Fe-Co Bimetallic Catalysts for Pyrolysis of Disposable Face Masks and Nitrile Gloves: Synthesis and Characterization of N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:41586-41594. [PMID: 37970016 PMCID: PMC10633827 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has led to a widespread surge in the use of disposable medical face masks (DFMs) and waste nitrile gloves (WNGs). To address the immense disruption in waste management systems, the catalytic pyrolysis of DFMs and WNGs was undertaken to yield multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Two MgO-supported bimetallic catalysts, Fe-Co and Fe-Ni, were synthesized for catalytic pyrolysis. The MgO-supported Fe and Co catalysts showed a good yield of N-doped CNTs (N-CNTs) above 33 wt %, while the percentage of WNGs did not exceed 20 wt %. The pyrolysis process resulted in the formation of Fe-Co microspinels, which were subsequently encapsulated within N-CNTs, ultimately yielding FeCo-NCNTs. The synthesized FeCo-NCNTs were approximately 25 nm in diameter and were extended over several micrometers in length. Subsequent evaluations included testing several acid-washed FeCo-NCNTs as catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. The FeCo-NCNTs exhibited remarkable catalytic performance, with a half-wave potential at 0.831 V (vs RHE) and exceptional resistance to methanol poisoning. These remarkable findings have the potential to contribute to the sustainable recycling of waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic and to the utilization of waste-derived materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- NUS
Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Energy
and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise
(CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Karen Yuanting Tang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Dingding Yao
- NUS
Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
- School
of Engineering, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|