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Chen X, Wang G, Sheng Y, Liao F, Mao H, Li B, Zhang H, Qiao Z, He J, Liu Y, Lin Y, Yang Y. Nitrogen species and microbial community coevolution along groundwater flowpath in the southwest of Poyang Lake area, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138627. [PMID: 37031839 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate and ammonia overload in groundwater can lead to eutrophication of surface water in areas where surface water is recharged by groundwater. However, this process remained elusive due to the complicated groundwater N cycling, which is governed by the co-evolution of hydrogeochemical conditions and N-cycling microbial communities. Herein, this process was studied along a generalized groundwater flowpath in Ganjing Delta, Poyang Lake area, China. From groundwater recharge to the discharge area near the lake, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), NO3-N, and NO2-N decreased progressively, while NH3-N, total organic carbon (TOC), Fe2+, sulfide, and TOC/NO3- ratio accumulated in the lakeside samples. The anthropogenic influences such as sewage and agricultural activities drove the nitrate distribution, as observed by Cl- vs. NO3-/Cl- ratio and isotopic composition of nitrate. The hydrogeochemical evolution was intimately coupled with the changes in microbial communities. Variations in microbial community structures was significantly explained by Fe2+, NH3-N, and sulfide, while TOC/NO3- controlled the distribution of predicted N cycling gene. The absence of NH3-N in groundwater upstream was accompanied by the enrichment in Acinetobacter capable of nitrification and aerobic denitrification. These two processes were also supported by Ca2+ + Mg2+ vs. HCO3- ratio and isotopic composition of NO3-. The DNRA process downstream was revealed by both the presence of DNRA-capable microbes such as Arthrobacter and the isotopic composition of NH4+ in environments with high concentrations of NH3-N, TOC/NO3-, Fe2+, and sulfide. This coupled evolution of N cycling and microbial community sheds new light on the N biogeochemical cycle in areas where surface water is recharged by groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Guangcai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Yizhi Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Fu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Hairu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Jiahui He
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yingxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yilun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
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Retter A, Haas JC, Birk S, Stumpp C, Hausmann B, Griebler C, Karwautz C. From the Mountain to the Valley: Drivers of Groundwater Prokaryotic Communities along an Alpine River Corridor. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030779. [PMID: 36985351 PMCID: PMC10055094 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rivers are the “tip of the iceberg”, with the underlying groundwater being the unseen freshwater majority. Microbial community composition and the dynamics of shallow groundwater ecosystems are thus crucial, due to their potential impact on ecosystem processes and functioning. In early summer and late autumn, samples of river water from 14 stations and groundwater from 45 wells were analyzed along a 300 km transect of the Mur River valley, from the Austrian alps to the flats at the Slovenian border. The active and total prokaryotic communities were characterized using high-throughput gene amplicon sequencing. Key physico-chemical parameters and stress indicators were recorded. The dataset was used to challenge ecological concepts and assembly processes in shallow aquifers. The groundwater microbiome is analyzed regarding its composition, change with land use, and difference to the river. Community composition and species turnover differed significantly. At high altitudes, dispersal limitation was the main driver of groundwater community assembly, whereas in the lowland, homogeneous selection explained the larger share. Land use was a key determinant of the groundwater microbiome composition. The alpine region was more diverse and richer in prokaryotic taxa, with some early diverging archaeal lineages being highly abundant. This dataset shows a longitudinal change in prokaryotic communities that is dependent on regional differences affected by geomorphology and land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Retter
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | | | - Steffen Birk
- Institute of Earth Sciences, NAWI Graz Geocenter, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Stumpp
- Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), 1180 Wien, Austria
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, 1030 Wien, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Christian Griebler
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Clemens Karwautz
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, 1030 Wien, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Dai H, Zhang Y, Fang W, Liu J, Hong J, Zou C, Zhang J. Microbial community structural response to variations in physicochemical features of different aquifers. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1025964. [PMID: 36865779 PMCID: PMC9971630 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1025964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The community structure of groundwater microorganisms has a significant impact on groundwater quality. However, the relationships between the microbial communities and environmental variables in groundwater of different recharge and disturbance types are not fully understood. Methods In this study, measurements of groundwater physicochemical parameters and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology were used to assess the interactions between hydrogeochemical conditions and microbial diversity in Longkou coastal aquifer (LK), Cele arid zone aquifer (CL), and Wuhan riverside hyporheic zone aquifer (WH). Redundancy analysis indicated that the primary chemical parameters affecting the microbial community composition were NO3 -, Cl-, and HCO3 -. Results The species and quantity of microorganisms in the river-groundwater interaction area were considerably higher than those in areas with high salinity [Shannon: WH (6.28) > LK (4.11) > CL (3.96); Chao1: WH (4,868) > CL (1510) > LK (1,222)]. Molecular ecological network analysis demonstrated that the change in microbial interactions caused by evaporation was less than that caused by seawater invasion under high-salinity conditions [(nodes, links): LK (71,192) > CL (51,198)], whereas the scale and nodes of the microbial network were greatly expanded under low-salinity conditions [(nodes, links): WH (279,694)]. Microbial community analysis revealed that distinct differences existed in the classification levels of the different dominant microorganism species in the three aquifers. Discussion Environmental physical and chemical conditions selected the dominant species according to microbial functions. Gallionellaceae, which is associated with iron oxidation, dominated in the arid zones, while Rhodocyclaceae, which is related to denitrification, led in the coastal zones, and Desulfurivibrio, which is related to sulfur conversion, prevailed in the hyporheic zones. Therefore, dominant local bacterial communities can be used as indicators of local environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Environmental Studies, Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Environmental Studies, Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Environmental Studies, Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Environmental Studies, Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Hong
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaowang Zou
- Hubei Shuili Hydro Power Reconnaissance Design Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Ürümqi, China
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Chen J, Gui H, Guo Y, Li J. Spatial distributions of microbial diversity in the contaminated deep groundwater: A case study of the Huaibei coalfield. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120866. [PMID: 36529341 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of coal mining activities on the structure of groundwater microbial communities in coal mining areas has gradually received academic attention. In this study, hydrochemical analysis and sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene were carried out using groundwater samples from the fourth aquifer in the loose layer of Cenozoic, the sandstone fissure aquifer in the coal measure strata of Permian, the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation limestone aquifer, and the Ordovician limestone aquifer, at depths of 250 m, 600 m, 750 m, and 1000 m in monitoring wells. Results showed that the operational taxonomy units (OTUs) in the deep groundwater ecosystem were clustered distinguishably between the contaminated and the uncontaminated aquifers. The microbial community alpha-diversity of groundwater was significantly correlated with depth, and the richness of microbial community composition decreased with increasing depth. Proteobacteria (34.41%-97.41%), was found to be the dominant phylum, Gammaproteobacteria (10.05%-92.06%) was the dominant class and "Unassigned" (4.12%-64.72%) was dominant at the genus level. The number of endemic bacteria in the four aquifers was 1, 33, 99 and 11, respectively. It was also found that F-, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and TOC were the main environmental variables affecting the groundwater all OTUs, abundant OTUs, and rare OTUs, respectively. These results indicate that the activity of rare OTU subcommunities increases gradually with increasing aquifer depth and that mining significantly enriched Thiovirga in deep groundwater. In addition, it was found that with the increase of depth, the effect of ORP on microbial community abundance decreased. This study deepens our understanding of the evolution characteristics of microbial communities in deep groundwater in coal mining areas. The unique characteristics of microbial communities characteristics of four aquifers with different depths provide a microbial perspective for understanding the characteristics of deep aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China; National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling (Suzhou University), Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
| | - Herong Gui
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling (Suzhou University), Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling (Suzhou University), Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling (Suzhou University), Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
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5
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Merino N, Jackson TR, Campbell JH, Kersting AB, Sackett J, Fisher JC, Bruckner JC, Zavarin M, Hamilton-Brehm SD, Moser DP. Subsurface microbial communities as a tool for characterizing regional-scale groundwater flow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156768. [PMID: 35738377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Subsurface microbial community distribution patterns are influenced by biogeochemical and groundwater fluxes and may inform hydraulic connections along groundwater-flow paths. This study examined the regional-scale microbial community of the Death Valley Regional Flow System and evaluated whether subsurface communities can be used to identify groundwater-flow paths between recharge and discharge areas. Samples were collected from 36 sites in three groundwater basins: Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley (PMOV), Ash Meadows (AM), and Alkali Flat-Furnace Creek Ranch (AFFCR). Microbial diversity within and between communities varied by location, and communities were separated into two overall groups that affiliated with the AM and PMOV/AFFCR basins. Network analysis revealed patterns between clusters of common microbes that represented groundwaters with similar geochemical conditions and largely corroborated hydraulic connections between recharge and discharge areas. Null model analyses identified deterministic and stochastic ecological processes contributing to microbial community assemblages. Most communities were more different than expected and governed by dispersal limitation, geochemical differences, or undominating processes. However, certain communities from sites located within or near the Nevada National Security Site were more similar than expected and dominated by homogeneous dispersal or selection. Overall, the (dis)similarities between the microbial communities of DVRFS recharge and discharge areas supported previously documented hydraulic connections between: (1) Spring Mountains and Ash Meadows; (2) Frenchman and Yucca Flat and Amargosa Desert; and (3) Amargosa Desert and Death Valley. However, only a portion of the flow path between Pahute Mesa and Oasis Valley could be supported by microbial community analyses, likely due to well-associated artifacts in samples from the two Oasis Valley sites. This study demonstrates the utility of combining microbial data with hydrologic, geologic, and water-chemistry information to comprehensively characterize groundwater systems, highlighting both strengths and limitations of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Merino
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States.
| | - Tracie R Jackson
- Nevada Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Boulder City, NV 89005, United States
| | - James H Campbell
- Department of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO 64468, United States
| | - Annie B Kersting
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States
| | - Joshua Sackett
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States; School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, United States
| | - Jenny C Fisher
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States; Biology Department, Indiana University Northwest, Gary, IN 46408, United States
| | - James C Bruckner
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States
| | - Mavrik Zavarin
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States
| | - Scott D Hamilton-Brehm
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States; Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Duane P Moser
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States.
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Simona C, Laura L, Francesco V, Marianna V, Cristina MG, Barbara T, Mauro M, Simona R. Effect of the organic loading rate on the PHA-storing microbiome in sequencing batch reactors operated with uncoupled carbon and nitrogen feeding. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153995. [PMID: 35192819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, in a search for sustainable and biodegradable alternatives to petrol-based plastics, biotechnological applications turned to the potentialities of mixed microbial cultures (MMC) for producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Under a feast and famine regime, an uncoupled carbon (C) and nitrogen (N)-feeding strategy may be adopted by dosing the C-source at the beginning of the feast and the N-source at the beginning of the famine in order to stimulate a PHA storage response and microbial growth. Even though this strategy has been already successfully applied for the PHA production, very few information is to date available regarding the MMC operating in these systems and the influence of Organic Loading Rate (OLR) on their selection and enrichment. To fill the gap, this study investigated the effect of the OLR on the selection of PHA-accumulating microorganisms in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated with an uncoupled C and N feeding strategy. The SBR cycle length was set at 12 h and four OLRs values (4.25, 8.50, 12.75 and 18 gCOD L-1 d-1) were tested by changing the concentration of the feeding solution, made of a synthetic mixture of acetic (85% of the overall COD) and propionic (15%) acids. The PHA-storage yield increased by increasing the OLR (up to 0.69 COD/COD at 12.75 gCOD L-1 d-1) but significantly decreased (0.27 COD/COD) at 18 gCOD L-1 d-1 concomitantly with a longer feast phase and a lower PHA content in the biomass at the end of the feast phase. The selective pressure induced by the applied OLRs strongly influenced the microbiome composition revealing a high content of putative PHA-storing bacteria, such as Rhodobacter, Thauera and Paracoccus, in the SBR operated at OLRs 4.25, 8.50 and 12.75 g COD L-1 d-1 (up to 97.4% of total reads) and a low content (5.4%) in the SBR at 18 g COD L-1 d-1where the predominance of genus Nitrinicola was instead observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crognale Simona
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
| | - Lorini Laura
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentino Francesco
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, "Cà Foscari" University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Villano Marianna
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marzo Gago Cristina
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Tonanzi Barbara
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Majone Mauro
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossetti Simona
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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Zecchin S, Crognale S, Zaccheo P, Fazi S, Amalfitano S, Casentini B, Callegari M, Zanchi R, Sacchi GA, Rossetti S, Cavalca L. Adaptation of Microbial Communities to Environmental Arsenic and Selection of Arsenite-Oxidizing Bacteria From Contaminated Groundwaters. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:634025. [PMID: 33815317 PMCID: PMC8017173 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.634025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic mobilization in groundwater systems is driven by a variety of functionally diverse microorganisms and complex interconnections between different physicochemical factors. In order to unravel this great ecosystem complexity, groundwaters with varying background concentrations and speciation of arsenic were considered in the Po Plain (Northern Italy), one of the most populated areas in Europe affected by metalloid contamination. High-throughput Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing, CARD-FISH and enrichment of arsenic-transforming consortia showed that among the analyzed groundwaters, diverse microbial communities were present, both in terms of diversity and functionality. Oxidized inorganic arsenic [arsenite, As(III)] was the main driver that shaped each community. Several uncharacterized members of the genus Pseudomonas, putatively involved in metalloid transformation, were revealed in situ in the most contaminated samples. With a cultivation approach, arsenic metabolisms potentially active at the site were evidenced. In chemolithoautotrophic conditions, As(III) oxidation rate linearly correlated to As(III) concentration measured at the parental sites, suggesting that local As(III) concentration was a relevant factor that selected for As(III)-oxidizing bacterial populations. In view of the exploitation of these As(III)-oxidizing consortia in biotechnology-based arsenic bioremediation actions, these results suggest that contaminated aquifers in Northern Italy host unexplored microbial populations that provide essential ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Zecchin
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Crognale
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zaccheo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia (DiSAA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Casentini
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Callegari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Zanchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gian Attilio Sacchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia (DiSAA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Cavalca
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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8
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Direct Conversion of Food Waste Extract into Caproate: Metagenomics Assessment of Chain Elongation Process. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020327. [PMID: 33562834 PMCID: PMC7915914 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In a circular economy strategy, waste resources can be used for the biological production of high added-value substances, such as medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs), thus minimising waste and favouring a sustainable process. This study investigates single-stage fermentation processes for the production of MCFAs in a semi-continuous reactor treating the extract of real food waste (FW), without the addition of external electron donors. Two sequential acidogenic fermentation tests were carried out at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 5 and 15 gCOD L−1d−1 with a hydraulic retention time of 4 days and pH controlled at 6 ± 0.2. The highest level of caproate (4.8 g L−1) was observed at OLR of 15 gCOD L−1d−1 with a microbiome mainly composed by lactate-producing Actinomyces, Atopobium, and Olsenella species and caproate-producing Pseudoramibacter. Metagenomic analysis revealed the presence of key enzymes for the production of lactate, such as lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, as well as several enzymes involved in the reverse β-oxidation pathway, thus suggesting the occurrence of a lactate-based chain elongation process.
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Genome-resolved metagenomics reveals site-specific diversity of episymbiotic CPR bacteria and DPANN archaea in groundwater ecosystems. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:354-365. [PMID: 33495623 PMCID: PMC7906910 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-00840-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Candidate phyla radiation (CPR) bacteria and DPANN archaea are unisolated, small-celled symbionts that are often detected in groundwater. The effects of groundwater geochemistry on the abundance, distribution, taxonomic diversity and host association of CPR bacteria and DPANN archaea has not been studied. Here, we performed genome-resolved metagenomic analysis of one agricultural and seven pristine groundwater microbial communities and recovered 746 CPR and DPANN genomes in total. The pristine sites, which serve as local sources of drinking water, contained up to 31% CPR bacteria and 4% DPANN archaea. We observed little species-level overlap of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) across the groundwater sites, indicating that CPR and DPANN communities may be differentiated according to physicochemical conditions and host populations. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy imaging and genomic analyses enabled us to identify CPR and DPANN lineages that reproducibly attach to host cells and showed that the growth of CPR bacteria seems to be stimulated by attachment to host-cell surfaces. Our analysis reveals site-specific diversity of CPR bacteria and DPANN archaea that coexist with diverse hosts in groundwater aquifers. Given that CPR and DPANN organisms have been identified in human microbiomes and their presence is correlated with diseases such as periodontitis, our findings are relevant to considerations of drinking water quality and human health. Metagenomics and electron microscopy are combined to analyse the diversity of episymbiotic CPR bacteria and DPANN archaea in eight groundwater communities.
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10
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Amalfitano S, Levantesi C, Copetti D, Stefani F, Locantore I, Guarnieri V, Lobascio C, Bersani F, Giacosa D, Detsis E, Rossetti S. Water and microbial monitoring technologies towards the near future space exploration. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 177:115787. [PMID: 32315899 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Space exploration is demanding longer lasting human missions and water resupply from Earth will become increasingly unrealistic. In a near future, the spacecraft water monitoring systems will require technological advances to promptly identify and counteract contingent events of waterborne microbial contamination, posing health risks to astronauts with lowered immune responsiveness. The search for bio-analytical approaches, alternative to those applied on Earth by cultivation-dependent methods, is pushed by the compelling need to limit waste disposal and avoid microbial regrowth from analytical carryovers. Prospective technologies will be selected only if first validated in a flight-like environment, by following basic principles, advantages, and limitations beyond their current applications on Earth. Starting from the water monitoring activities applied on the International Space Station, we provide a critical overview of the nucleic acid amplification-based approaches (i.e., loop-mediated isothermal amplification, quantitative PCR, and high-throughput sequencing) and early-warning methods for total microbial load assessments (i.e., ATP-metry, flow cytometry), already used at a high readiness level aboard crewed space vehicles. Our findings suggest that the forthcoming space applications of mature technologies will be necessarily bounded by a compromise between analytical performances (e.g., speed to results, identification depth, reproducibility, multiparametricity) and detrimental technical requirements (e.g., reagent usage, waste production, operator skills, crew time). As space exploration progresses toward extended missions to Moon and Mars, miniaturized systems that also minimize crew involvement in their end-to-end operation are likely applicable on the long-term and suitable for the in-flight water and microbiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy.
| | - Caterina Levantesi
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Diego Copetti
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861, Brugherio, Monza-Brianza, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Stefani
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861, Brugherio, Monza-Brianza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Locantore
- Thales Alenia Space Italia SpA, Strada Antica di Collegno, 253 - 10146, Turin, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guarnieri
- Thales Alenia Space Italia SpA, Strada Antica di Collegno, 253 - 10146, Turin, Italy
| | - Cesare Lobascio
- Thales Alenia Space Italia SpA, Strada Antica di Collegno, 253 - 10146, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bersani
- Centro Ricerche SMAT, Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., C.so Unità d'Italia 235/3, 10127, Torino, Italy
| | - Donatella Giacosa
- Centro Ricerche SMAT, Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., C.so Unità d'Italia 235/3, 10127, Torino, Italy
| | - Emmanouil Detsis
- European Science Foundation, 1 quai Lezay Marnésia, BP 90015, 67080, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
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11
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Kirs M, Kisand V, Nelson CE, Dudoit T, Moravcik PS. Distinct bacterial communities in tropical island aquifers. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232265. [PMID: 32353009 PMCID: PMC7192444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The groundwater biome is a poorly characterized habitat hypothesized to harbor uniquely diverse bacterial communities; the degree to which these communities differ from associated soils is a central question in environmental microbiology. We characterized the Bacterial community composition in 37 aquifer and 32 surface soil samples across the island of O‘ahu, Hawaiʻi. Several bacterial phyla (Acetothermia, Omnitrophica, Parcubacteria, Peregrinibacteria) relatively abundant in the aquifer samples were rare to absent in the soils. Immense bacterial diversity detected in the deep aquifers indicates that these environments are not as homogenous as expected, but provide various niches and energy sources for wide variety of bacteria. A small proportion of OTUs were widespread in all the basal (0.63%) and all the dike aquifer (0.31%) samples. However, these core bacteria comprised an average of 31.8% (ranging 16.2%-62.0%) and 15.4% (0.1%-31.5%) of all sequences isolated from the basal and dike aquifers respectively. Bacterial community composition correlated significantly with the sodium, sulfate, potassium, total dissolved solids, nitrate, conductivity, and pH in the basal aquifers, while phosphate and bicarbonate levels were also highly important when dike water samples were included in the analyses. This was consistent with high relative abundance of putative chemolithoautoroph taxa in the aquifer communities relative to soils. Targeted molecular and culture-based fecal indicator microbial analyses indicated good water quality of aquifers. The dominance of unique, deeply branching lineages in tropical aquifers emphasizes a large adaptive potential in O‘ahu’s aquifers; variability among groundwater samples suggests that aquifer habitats are surprisingly variable potentially harboring a variety of chemolithotrophic energy sources. Although parallel analyses of conventional and alternative indicators indicated good groundwater quality, this study calls for groundwater monitoring programs which would consider public as well as ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kirs
- Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Veljo Kisand
- Institute of Technology, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Craig E. Nelson
- Department of Oceanography and UH Sea Grant, Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | - Tineill Dudoit
- Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | - Philip S. Moravcik
- Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
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12
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Physiological Profiling and Functional Diversity of Groundwater Microbial Communities in a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Area. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11122624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The disposal of municipal solid wastes in landfills represents a major threat for aquifer environments at the global scale. The aim of this study was to explore how groundwater geochemical characteristics can influence the microbial community functioning and the potential degradation patterns of selected organic substrates in response to different levels of landfill-induced alterations. Groundwaters collected from a landfill area were monitored by assessing major physical-chemical parameters and the microbiological contamination levels (total coliforms and fecal indicators—Colilert-18). The aquatic microbial community was further characterized by flow cytometry and Biolog EcoPlatesTM assay. Three groundwater conditions (i.e., pristine, mixed, and altered) were identified according to their distinct geochemical profiles. The altered groundwaters showed relatively higher values of organic matter concentration and total cell counts, along with the presence of fecal indicator bacteria, in comparison to samples from pristine and mixed conditions. The kinetic profiles of the Biolog substrate degradation showed that the microbial community thriving in altered conditions was relatively more efficient in metabolizing a larger number of organic substrates, including those with complex molecular structures. We concluded that the assessment of physiological profiling and functional diversity at the microbial community level could represent a supportive tool to understand the potential consequences of the organic contamination of impacted aquifers, thus complementing the current strategies for groundwater management.
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13
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Guo L, Wang G, Sheng Y, Shi Z, Sun X. Groundwater microbial communities and their connection to hydrochemical environment in Golmud, Northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 695:133848. [PMID: 31422331 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater microbial community normally co-varies with the associated geochemical transect in some hydrogeological sections along flowpath. However, in hydrogeological section with similar geochemical transect (e.g., salinity, ion compositions) how microbial community in groundwater varies are poorly understood. In this study, groundwater samples were collected at six boreholes vertically and horizontally along a generalized groundwater flowpath in the Golmud area, Qaidam Basin, northwest China. High-throughput sequencing and multivariate statistical analysis were applied to explore the underlying relationships between microbial community structure and hydrogeochemical environment. The result showed that microbial communities changed considerably at both horizontal and vertical scales, although the groundwater samples were of relatively stable ionic compositions and hydrochemical types. The dominant bacterial phyla in groundwater varied from Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia in 'phreatic and phreatic-like' groundwater in the recharge area to Gammaproteobacteria in the confined groundwater in the lacustrine plain. At both vertical and horizontal scale, Gammaproteobacteria increased while Alpha- and Betaproteobacteria decreased as the function of distance. Genera Roseateles, Aquabacterium, Sphingomonas, Acinetobacter, Acidovorax and Flavobacterium presented in phreatic groundwater, while Pseudomonas, Hydrogenophaga and Perlucidibaca presented in confined groundwater. Spatial distribution of microbial community was highly affected by the pH (for 'phreatic and phreatic-like' groundwater) and ORP (for confined groundwater) of groundwater that had similar salinity or ion compositions. This research extends our knowledge about microbial communities' variation along groundwater flowpath in studied area and similar arid or semi-arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guangcai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yizhi Sheng
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zheming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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14
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Crognale S, Tonanzi B, Valentino F, Majone M, Rossetti S. Microbiome dynamics and phaC synthase genes selected in a pilot plant producing polyhydroxyalkanoate from the organic fraction of urban waste. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:765-773. [PMID: 31280158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study analyses the bacterial population dynamics of a mixed microbial community (MMC) selected in a pilot plant producing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) from the fermentation of the organic fraction of urban waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS). 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing revealed the occurrence of a variety of PHA accumulating bacteria that ensured a stable PHA production in an open system operating with real substrates and without temperature control. The Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) changes in the feed and the temperature variation affected the dynamics of the PHA-accumulating bacteria over the plant operation. Remarkably, the higher PHA content was associated to a MMC largely comprising of Hydrogenophaga species during the operation at higher working temperature. The involvement of a heterogeneous PHA-accumulating MMC was associated with a high phaC synthase genes biodiversity confirming the occurrence of a functional redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Crognale
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Tonanzi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Majone
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy.
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15
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Fazi S, Ungaro F, Venturi S, Vimercati L, Cruz Viggi C, Baronti S, Ugolini F, Calzolari C, Tassi F, Vaselli O, Raschi A, Aulenta F. Microbiomes in Soils Exposed to Naturally High Concentrations of CO 2 (Bossoleto Mofette Tuscany, Italy). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2238. [PMID: 31681186 PMCID: PMC6797827 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct and indirect effects of extremely high geogenic CO2 levels, commonly occurring in volcanic and hydrothermal environments, on biogeochemical processes in soil are poorly understood. This study investigated a sinkhole in Italy where long-term emissions of thermometamorphic-derived CO2 are associated with accumulation of carbon in the topsoil and removal of inorganic carbon in low pH environments at the bottom of the sinkhole. The comparison between interstitial soil gasses and those collected in an adjacent bubbling pool and the analysis of the carbon isotopic composition of CO2 and CH4 clearly indicated the occurrence of CH4 oxidation and negligible methanogenesis in soils at the bottom of the sinkhole. Extremely high CO2 concentrations resulted in higher microbial abundance (up to 4 × 109 cell g-1 DW) and a lower microbial diversity by favoring bacteria already reported to be involved in acetogenesis in mofette soils (i.e., Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria). Laboratory incubations to test the acetogenic and methanogenic potential clearly showed that all the mofette soil supplied with hydrogen gas displayed a remarkable CO2 fixation potential, primarily due to the activity of acetogenic microorganisms. By contrast, negligible production of acetate occurred in control tests incubated with the same soils, under identical conditions, without the addition of hydrogen. In this study, we report how changes in diversity and functions of the soil microbial community - induced by high CO2 concentration - create peculiar biogeochemical profile. CO2 emission affects carbon cycling through: (i) inhibition of the decomposition of the organic carbon and (ii) promotion of CO2-fixation via the acetyl-CoA pathway. Sites naturally exposed to extremely high CO2 levels could potentially represent an untapped source of microorganisms with unique capabilities to catalytically convert CO2 into valuable organic chemicals and fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ungaro
- Institute of BioEconomy - National Research Council (IBE-CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Venturi
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council (IGG-CNR), Florence, Italy.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lara Vimercati
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | | | - Silvia Baronti
- Institute of BioEconomy - National Research Council (IBE-CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Ugolini
- Institute of BioEconomy - National Research Council (IBE-CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Costanza Calzolari
- Institute of BioEconomy - National Research Council (IBE-CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Franco Tassi
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council (IGG-CNR), Florence, Italy.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Orlando Vaselli
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council (IGG-CNR), Florence, Italy.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonio Raschi
- Institute of BioEconomy - National Research Council (IBE-CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Aulenta
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
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16
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Groundwater Autochthonous Microbial Communities as Tracers of Anthropogenic Pressure Impacts: Example from a Municipal Waste Treatment Plant (Latium, Italy). WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11091933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The groundwater behavior at a municipal solid waste disposal dump, located in Central Italy, was studied using a multi-parameter monitoring over 1 year consisting of 4 seasonal samples. The hydrological and hydrogeological dynamics of water circulation, microbiological parameters (microbial abundance and cell viability of the autochthonous microbial community), dissolved organic carbon, and several contaminants were evaluated and related to the geological structures in both two and three dimensions and used for geostatistical analysis in order to obtain 3D maps. Close relationships between geological heterogeneity, water circulation, pollutant diffusion, dissolved organic carbon, and cell viability were revealed. The highest cell viability values were found with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) values ≤0.5 mg/L; above this value, DOC negatively affected the microbial community. The highest DOC values were detected in groundwater at some sampling points within the site indicating its probable origin from the waste disposal dump. Although legislation limits for the parameters measured were not exceeded (except for a contaminant in one piezometer), the 1-year multi-parameter monitoring approach made it possible to depict both the dynamics and the complexity of the groundwater flux and, with “non-legislative parameters” such as microbial cell viability and DOC, identify the points with the highest vulnerability and their origin. This approach is useful for identifying the most vulnerable sites in a groundwater body.
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17
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Mining Rock Wastes for Water Treatment: Potential Reuse of Fe- and Mn-Rich Materials for Arsenic Removal. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11091897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide mining industry produces millions of tons of rock wastes, raising a considerable burden for managing both economic and environmental issues. The possible reuse of Fe/Mn-rich materials for arsenic removal in water filtration units, along with rock properties, was evaluated. By characterizing and testing 47 samples collected from the Joda West Iron and Manganese Mine in India, we found As removal up to 50.1% at 1 mg/L initial As concentration, with a corresponding adsorption capacity of 0.01–0.46 mgAs/g mining waste. The As removal potential was strictly related to spectral, mineralogical, and elemental composition of rock wastes. Unlike rock crystallinity due to quartz and muscovite, the presence of hematite, goethite, and kaolinite, in association with the amorphous fractions of Fe and Al, enhanced the As adsorption. The natural content of arsenic indicated itself the presence of active sorptive sites. The co-occurrence of site-specific competitors (i.e., phosphate) represented a consequent limitation, whereas the content of Ce, Cu, La, and Pb contributed positively to the As adsorption. Finally, we proposed a simplified multiple linear model as predictive tool to select promising rock wastes suitable for As removal by water filtration in similar mining environments: As predicted = 0.241 + 0.00929[As] + 0.000424[La] + 0.000139[Pb] − 0.00022[P].
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18
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Zheng T, Deng Y, Wang Y, Jiang H, O'Loughlin EJ, Flynn TM, Gan Y, Ma T. Seasonal microbial variation accounts for arsenic dynamics in shallow alluvial aquifer systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 367:109-119. [PMID: 30594709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Determining the temporal variation of microbial communities in groundwater systems is essential to improve our understanding of hydrochemical dynamics in aquifers, particularly as it relates to the fate of redox-sensitive contaminants like arsenic (As). Therefore, a high-resolution hydrobiogeochemical investigation was conducted in the As-affected alluvial aquifer systems of the Jianghan Plain. In two 25 m-deep monitoring wells, the seasonal variation in the composition of groundwater microbial communities was positively correlated with the change in groundwater level (R = 0.47 and 0.39 in NH03B and NH05B, respectively, P < 0.01), implying that the latter could be a primary driver of the seasonal microbial dynamics. In response to the fluctuating groundwater level, iron (Fe) reducers within the Desulfuromonadales were dominant (9.9 ± 4.7% among different sampling sites) in groundwater microbial communities during the monsoon season and associated with high concentrations of Fe(II) and As, while the predominance (16.7 ± 15.2% among different sampling sites) of iron-oxidizers the Gallionellaceae was accompanied by low Fe(II) and As in the non-monsoon season. These results suggest that microbially-mediated iron reduction/oxidation may have governed the seasonal mobilization/scavenging of As in groundwater. Our results provide new insights into mechanisms responsible for seasonal variations in groundwater As concentrations in similar aquifer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianliang Zheng
- Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yamin Deng
- Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Yanxin Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Hongchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Edward J O'Loughlin
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439-4843, United States
| | - Theodore M Flynn
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439-4843, United States
| | - Yiqun Gan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Teng Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
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19
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Crognale S, Casentini B, Amalfitano S, Fazi S, Petruccioli M, Rossetti S. Biological As(III) oxidation in biofilters by using native groundwater microorganisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:93-102. [PMID: 30227294 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination in drinking water represents a worldwide threat to human health. During last decades, the exploitation of microbial As-transformations has been proposed for bioremediation applications. Among biological methods for As-contaminated water treatment, microbial As(III)-oxidation is one of the most promising approaches since it can be coupled to commonly used adsorption removal technologies, without requiring the addition of chemicals and producing toxic by-products. Despite the As(III) oxidation capability has been described in several bacterial pure or enrichment cultures, very little is known about the real potentialities of this process when mixed microbial communities, naturally occurring in As contaminated waters, are used. This study highlighted the contribution of native groundwater bacteria to As(III)-oxidation in biofilters, under conditions suitable for a household-scale treatment system. This work elucidated the influence of a variety of experimental conditions (i.e., various filling materials, flow rates, As(III) inflow concentration, As(III):As(V) ratio, filter volumes) on the microbially-mediated As(III)-oxidation process in terms of oxidation efficiency and rate. The highest oxidation efficiencies (up to 90% in 3 h) were found on coarse sand biofilters treating total initial As concentration of 100 μg L-1. The detailed microbial characterization of the As(III) oxidizing biofilms revealed the occurrence of several OTUs affiliated with families known to oxidize As(III) (e.g., Burkholderiaceae, Comamonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Xanthomonadaceae). Furthermore, As-related functional genes increased in biofilter systems in line with the observed oxidative performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Crognale
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, Rome 00015, Italy
| | - Barbara Casentini
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, Rome 00015, Italy
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, Rome 00015, Italy
| | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, Rome 00015, Italy
| | - Maurizio Petruccioli
- Department for Innovation in Agroforestry and Biological systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, Rome 00015, Italy.
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20
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Preziosi E, Frollini E, Zoppini A, Ghergo S, Melita M, Parrone D, Rossi D, Amalfitano S. Disentangling natural and anthropogenic impacts on groundwater by hydrogeochemical, isotopic and microbiological data: Hints from a municipal solid waste landfill. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 84:245-255. [PMID: 30691899 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Within human-impacted areas, high levels of inorganic compounds in groundwater are broadly and preventively attributed to local anthropogenic pollution, thoroughly disregarding geogenic natural background levels. Particularly in landfills, a proper evaluation of the significant adverse environmental effects should be completed through a detailed groundwater characterization, and appropriate reference values established prior to landfill onset. However, the monitoring network may lack a full hydrogeological representativeness of the site and of the background conditions of groundwater. This study aimed at disentangling natural and anthropogenic impacts through a synoptic analysis of hydrogeochemical, isotopic and microbiological characteristics of groundwaters from a municipal solid waste landfill area in Central Italy. Samples were collected during four seasonal monitoring surveys from the mostly anoxic aquifer underlying the target area. Field parameters, inorganic and organic compounds, environmental isotopes, faecal contamination, and microbial community characteristics were determined, along with a detailed hydrogeological conceptual model. Key inorganic contaminants (As, Fe and Mn) exceeded the local threshold values in most of the sampling points, while organic contamination was generally very low. Stable isotopes suggested that groundwater originated mainly from local rainfall, except at one monitoring points where tritium levels might indicate moderate impact. Microbiological data and the microbial community characterization, assessed by flow cytometry and BIOLOG assays, provided further supportive information, also highlighting fundamental effects of groundwater quality alterations. Overall, an integrated multi-parametric approach proved suitable to distinguish geogenic and anthropogenic impacts, thus improving strategies and schemes for protection and management of groundwaters in landfills and waste related industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Preziosi
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Frollini
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Zoppini
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Ghergo
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Melita
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniele Parrone
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - David Rossi
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
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Amalfitano S, Levantesi C, Garrelly L, Giacosa D, Bersani F, Rossetti S. Water Quality and Total Microbial Load: A Double-Threshold Identification Procedure Intended for Space Applications. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2903. [PMID: 30574126 PMCID: PMC6291452 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During longer-lasting future space missions, water renewal by ground-loaded supplies will become increasingly expensive and unmanageable for months. Space exploration by self-sufficient spacecrafts is thus demanding the development of culture-independent microbiological methods for in-flight water monitoring to counteract possible contamination risks. In this study, we aimed at evaluating total microbial load data assessed by selected early-warning techniques with current or promising perspectives for space applications (i.e., HPC, ATP-metry, qPCR, flow cytometry), through the analysis of water sources with constitutively different contamination levels (i.e., chlorinated and unchlorinated tap waters, groundwaters, river waters, wastewaters). Using a data-driven double-threshold identification procedure, we presented new reference values of water quality based on the assessment of the total microbial load. Our approach is suitable to provide an immediate alert of microbial load peaks, thus enhancing the crew responsiveness in case of unexpected events due to water contamination and treatment failure. Finally, the backbone dataset could help in managing water quality and monitoring issues for both space and Earth-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute – National Research Council of Italy, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Caterina Levantesi
- Water Research Institute – National Research Council of Italy, Monterotondo, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Giacosa
- Centro Ricerche SMAT, Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bersani
- Centro Ricerche SMAT, Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute – National Research Council of Italy, Monterotondo, Italy
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22
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Zoppini A, Ademollo N, Patrolecco L, Langone L, Lungarini S, Dellisanti W, Amalfitano S. Distribution patterns of organic pollutants and microbial processes in marine sediments across a gradient of anthropogenic impact. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:1860-1870. [PMID: 30126737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine sediments are part of the hydrological cycle and the ultimate storage compartment of land-derived organic matter, including pollutants. Since relevant microbially-driven processes occurring at benthic level may affect the quality of the overall aquatic system, the necessity for incorporating information about microbial communities functioning for ecosystem modelling is arising. The aim of this field study was to explore the links occurring between sediment contamination patterns by three selected class of organic pollutants (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PAHs, Nonylphenols, NPs, Bisphenol A, BPA) and major microbial properties (Prokaryotic Biomass, PB; total living biomass, C-ATP; Prokaryotic C Production rate, PCP; Community Respiration rate, CR) across a gradient of anthropogenic pollution. Sediments were sampled from 34 sites selected along 700 km of the western coastline of the Adriatic Sea. Organic contamination was moderate (PAHs <830 ng g-1; NPs <350 ng g-1; BPA <38 ng g-1) and decreased southward. The amount of PAHs-associated carbon (C-PAHs) increased significantly with sediment organic carbon (OC), along with microbial functional rates. The negative relation between PCP/CR ratio and OC indicated the shift toward oxidative processes in response to organic pollution and potential toxicity, estimated as Toxic Equivalents (TEQs). Our outcomes showed that sediment organic contamination and benthic microbial processes can be intimately linked, with potential repercussions on CO2 emission rates and C-cycling within the detritus-based trophic web.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zoppini
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Montelibretti, Rome, Italy.
| | - N Ademollo
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - L Patrolecco
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - L Langone
- Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council (ISMAR-CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - S Lungarini
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - W Dellisanti
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - S Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
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23
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Crognale S, Venturi S, Tassi F, Rossetti S, Rashed H, Cabassi J, Capecchiacci F, Nisi B, Vaselli O, Morrison HG, Sogin ML, Fazi S. Microbiome profiling in extremely acidic soils affected by hydrothermal fluids: the case of the Solfatara Crater (Campi Flegrei, southern Italy). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:5105751. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Crognale
- IRSA - CNR Water Research Institute, Via Salaria km 29.300 – CP10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Venturi
- IGG − CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Franco Tassi
- IGG − CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- IRSA - CNR Water Research Institute, Via Salaria km 29.300 – CP10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Heba Rashed
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Jacopo Cabassi
- IGG − CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Capecchiacci
- IGG − CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Nisi
- IGG – CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Orlando Vaselli
- IGG − CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Fazi
- IRSA - CNR Water Research Institute, Via Salaria km 29.300 – CP10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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24
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Conte A, Papale M, Amalfitano S, Mikkonen A, Rizzo C, De Domenico E, Michaud L, Lo Giudice A. Bacterial community structure along the subtidal sandy sediment belt of a high Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Islands). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:203-211. [PMID: 29149744 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Open fjords are subject to contrasting environmental conditions, owing to meltwater glacial inputs, terrestrial runoff, and marine water mass exchanges, which are exacerbated by anthropogenic and climate perturbations. Following a slope-dependent water circulation, the subtidal sandy sediment belt regulates the convergent transport of nutrients downward the fjord depths, and the effective entrapment of suspended particles and microorganisms. In this study, we aimed at testing how glacial and seawater inputs may influence the bacterial community structure of subtidal sand deposits in the Kongsfjorden. Through total and viable cell counting and an amplicon sequencing approach, we found relevant differences in bacterial community structure along the glacio-marine sampling transect. Viable and high nucleic acid content (HNA) cells represented an important fraction of the total community, generally decreasing toward the glacier front. Besides the predominance of Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Parcubacteria, the bacterial community structure was likely affected by the glacial activity in the inner fjord, with the occurrence of distinctive phylotypes belonging to Gemmatimonadates, Nitrospirae, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi. Overall, our outcomes highlighted that exploring the bacterial community distribution and structure can provide new insights into the active role of sand deposits in coastal cold environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Conte
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Papale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Anu Mikkonen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Carmen Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Emilio De Domenico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Michaud
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angelina Lo Giudice
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment, National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Messina, Italy.
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25
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Tassi F, Fazi S, Rossetti S, Pratesi P, Ceccotti M, Cabassi J, Capecchiacci F, Venturi S, Vaselli O. The biogeochemical vertical structure renders a meromictic volcanic lake a trap for geogenic CO2 (Lake Averno, Italy). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193914. [PMID: 29509779 PMCID: PMC5839588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Volcanic lakes are characterized by physicochemical favorable conditions for the development of reservoirs of C-bearing greenhouse gases that can be dispersed to air during occasional rollover events. By combining a microbiological and geochemical approach, we showed that the chemistry of the CO2- and CH4-rich gas reservoir hosted within the meromictic Lake Averno (Campi Flegrei, southern Italy) are related to the microbial niche differentiation along the vertical water column. The simultaneous occurrence of diverse functional groups of microbes operating under different conditions suggests that these habitats harbor complex microbial consortia that impact on the production and consumption of greenhouse gases. In the epilimnion, the activity of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria and photosynthetic biota, together with CO2 dissolution at relatively high pH, enhanced CO2- and CH4 consumption, which also occurred in the hypolimnion. Moreover, results from computations carried out to evaluate the dependence of the lake stability on the CO2/CH4 ratios, suggested that the water density vertical gradient was mainly controlled by salinity and temperature, whereas the effect of dissolved gases was minor, excepting if extremely high increases of CH4 are admitted. Therefore, biological processes, controlling the composition of CO2 and CH4, contributed to stabilize the lake stratification of the lake. Overall, Lake Averno, and supposedly the numerous worldwide distributed volcanic lakes having similar features (namely bio-activity lakes), acts as a sink for the CO2 supplied from the hydrothermal/magmatic system, displaying a significant influence on the local carbon budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Tassi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
- IGG-CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council of Italy, Via La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Stefano Fazi
- IRSA-CNR Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via Salaria, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- IRSA-CNR Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via Salaria, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Pratesi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Ceccotti
- IRSA-CNR Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via Salaria, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Cabassi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
- IGG-CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council of Italy, Via La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Venturi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
- IGG-CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council of Italy, Via La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
| | - Orlando Vaselli
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
- IGG-CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council of Italy, Via La Pira 4, Florence, Italy
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26
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Amalfitano S, Fazi S, Ejarque E, Freixa A, Romaní AM, Butturini A. Deconvolution model to resolve cytometric microbial community patterns in flowing waters. Cytometry A 2017; 93:194-200. [PMID: 29265528 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry is suitable to discriminate and quantify aquatic microbial cells within a spectrum of fluorescence and light scatter signals. Using fixed gating and operational settings, we developed a finite distribution mixture model, followed by the Voronoi tessellation, to resolve bivariate cytometric profiles into cohesive subgroups of events. This procedure was applied to outline recurrent patterns and quantitative changes of the aquatic microbial community along a river hydrologic continuum. We found five major subgroups within each of the commonly retrieved populations of cells with Low and High content of Nucleic Acids (namely, LNA, and HNA cells). Moreover, the advanced analysis allowed assessing changes of community patterns perturbed by a wastewater feed. Our approach for cytometric data deconvolution confirmed that flow cytometry could represent a prime candidate technology for assessing microbial community patterns in flowing waters. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Freixa
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain
| | - Anna M Romaní
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Andrea Butturini
- Departament de Biología Evolutiva, Ecología i Ciencias Ambientales, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Crognale S, Zecchin S, Amalfitano S, Fazi S, Casentini B, Corsini A, Cavalca L, Rossetti S. Phylogenetic Structure and Metabolic Properties of Microbial Communities in Arsenic-Rich Waters of Geothermal Origin. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2468. [PMID: 29312179 PMCID: PMC5732945 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic element released in aquatic environments by geogenic processes or anthropic activities. To counteract its toxicity, several microorganisms have developed mechanisms to tolerate and utilize it for respiratory metabolism. However, still little is known about identity and physiological properties of microorganisms exposed to natural high levels of As and the role they play in As transformation and mobilization processes. This work aims to explore the phylogenetic composition and functional properties of aquatic microbial communities in As-rich freshwater environments of geothermal origin and to elucidate the key microbial functional groups that directly or indirectly may influence As-transformations across a natural range of geogenic arsenic contamination. Distinct bacterial communities in terms of composition and metabolisms were found. Members of Proteobacteria, affiliated to Alpha- and Betaproteobacteria were mainly retrieved in groundwaters and surface waters, whereas Gammaproteobacteria were the main component in thermal waters. Most of the OTUs from thermal waters were only distantly related to 16S rRNA gene sequences of known taxa, indicating the occurrence of bacterial biodiversity so far unexplored. Nitrate and sulfate reduction and heterotrophic As(III)-oxidization were found as main metabolic traits of the microbial cultivable fraction in such environments. No growth of autotrophic As(III)-oxidizers, autotrophic and heterotrophic As(V)-reducers, Fe-reducers and oxidizers, Mn-reducers and sulfide oxidizers was observed. The ars genes, involved in As(V) detoxifying reduction, were found in all samples whereas aioA [As(III) oxidase] and arrA genes [As(V) respiratory reductase] were not found. Overall, we found that As detoxification processes prevailed over As metabolic processes, concomitantly with the intriguing occurrence of novel thermophiles able to tolerate high levels of As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Crognale
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Zecchin
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Casentini
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Corsini
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Cavalca
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Rome, Italy
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28
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Brouchkov A, Kabilov M, Filippova S, Baturina O, Rogov V, Galchenko V, Mulyukin A, Fursova O, Pogorelko G. Bacterial community in ancient permafrost alluvium at the Mammoth Mountain (Eastern Siberia). Gene 2017; 636:48-53. [PMID: 28916375 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Permanently frozen (approx. 3.5Ma) alluvial Neogene sediments exposed in the Aldan river valley at the Mammoth Mountain (Eastern Siberia) are unique, ancient, and poorly studied permafrost environments. So far, the structure of the indigenous bacterial community has remained unknown. Use of 16S metagenomic analysis with total DNA isolation using DNA Spin Kit for Soil (MO-Bio) and QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit (Qiagen) has revealed the major and minor bacterial lineages in the permafrost alluvium sediments. In sum, 61 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) with 31,239 reads (Qiagen kit) and 15,404 reads (Mo-Bio kit) could be assigned to the known taxa. Only three phyla, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, comprised >5% of the OTUs abundance and accounted for 99% of the total reads. OTUs pertaining to the top families (Chitinophagaceae, Caulobacteraceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Bradyrhizobiaceae, Halomonadaceae) held >90% of reads. The abundance of Actinobacteria was less (0.7%), whereas members of other phyla (Deinococcus-Thermus, Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast, Fusobacteria, and Acidobacteria) constituted a minor fraction of reads. The bacterial community in the studied ancient alluvium differs from other permafrost sediments, mainly by predominance of Bacteroidetes (>52%). The diversity of this preserved bacterial community has the potential to cause effects unknown if prompted to thaw and spread with changing climate. Therefore, this study elicits further reason to study how reintroduction of these ancient bacteria could affect the surrounding ecosystem, including current bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoli Brouchkov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo 6, Tyumen 625003, Russia
| | - Marsel Kabilov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Lavrentiev Avenue 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Svetlana Filippova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 33, bld. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Olga Baturina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Lavrentiev Avenue 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Victor Rogov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valery Galchenko
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 33, bld. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Andrey Mulyukin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 33, bld. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Oksana Fursova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Gennady Pogorelko
- NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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29
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Whaley-Martin KJ, Mailloux BJ, van Geen A, Bostick BC, Silvern RF, Kim C, Ahmed KM, Choudhury I, Slater GF. Stimulation of Microbially Mediated Arsenic Release in Bangladesh Aquifers by Young Carbon Indicated by Radiocarbon Analysis of Sedimentary Bacterial Lipids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7353-63. [PMID: 27333443 PMCID: PMC5711398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The sources of reduced carbon driving the microbially mediated release of arsenic to shallow groundwater in Bangladesh remain poorly understood. Using radiocarbon analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and potential carbon pools, the abundance and carbon sources of the active, sediment-associated, in situ bacterial communities inhabiting shallow aquifers (<30 m) at two sites in Araihazar, Bangladesh, were investigated. At both sites, sedimentary organic carbon (SOC) Δ(14)C signatures of -631 ± 54‰ (n = 12) were significantly depleted relative to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of +24 ± 30‰ and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of -230 ± 100‰. Sediment-associated PLFA Δ(14)C signatures (n = 10) at Site F (-167‰ to +20‰) and Site B (-163‰ to +21‰) were highly consistent and indicated utilization of carbon sources younger than the SOC, likely from the DOC pool. Sediment-associated PLFA Δ(14)C signatures were consistent with previously determined Δ(14)C signatures of microbial DNA sampled from groundwater at Site F indicating that the carbon source for these two components of the subsurface microbial community is consistent and is temporally stable over the two years between studies. These results demonstrate that the utilization of relatively young carbon sources by the subsurface microbial community occurs at sites with varying hydrology. Further they indicate that these young carbon sources drive the metabolism of the more abundant sediment-associated microbial communities that are presumably more capable of Fe reduction and associated release of As. This implies that an introduction of younger carbon to as of yet unaffected sediments (such as those comprising the deeper Pleistocene aquifer) could stimulate microbial communities and result in arsenic release.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Whaley-Martin
- School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - B. J. Mailloux
- Environmental Sciences Department, Barnard College, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - A. van Geen
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisides, New York 10964, United States
| | - B. C. Bostick
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisides, New York 10964, United States
| | - R. F. Silvern
- Environmental Sciences Department, Barnard College, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - C. Kim
- Environmental Sciences Department, Barnard College, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - K. M. Ahmed
- Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh 10964
| | - I. Choudhury
- Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh 10964
| | - G. F. Slater
- School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Corresponding Author:
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30
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Fazi S, Crognale S, Casentini B, Amalfitano S, Lotti F, Rossetti S. The Arsenite Oxidation Potential of Native Microbial Communities from Arsenic-Rich Freshwaters. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2016; 72:25-35. [PMID: 27090902 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-016-0768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play an important role in speciation and mobility of arsenic in the environment, by mediating redox transformations of both inorganic and organic species. Since arsenite [As(III)] is more toxic than arsenate [As(V)] to the biota, the microbial driven processes of As(V) reduction and As(III) oxidation may play a prominent role in mediating the environmental impact of arsenic contamination. However, little is known about the ecology and dynamics of As(III)-oxidizing populations within native microbial communities exposed to natural high levels of As. In this study, two techniques for single cell quantification (i.e., flow cytometry, CARD-FISH) were used to analyze the structure of aquatic microbial communities across a gradient of arsenic (As) contamination in different freshwater environments (i.e., groundwaters, surface and thermal waters). Moreover, we followed the structural evolution of these communities and their capacity to oxidize arsenite, when experimentally exposed to high As(III) concentrations in experimental microcosms. Betaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria were the main groups retrieved in groundwaters and surface waters, while Beta and Gammaproteobacteria dominated the bacteria community in thermal waters. At the end of microcosm incubations, the communities were able to oxidize up to 95 % of arsenite, with an increase of Alphaproteobacteria in most of the experimental conditions. Finally, heterotrophic As(III)-oxidizing strains (one Alphaproteobacteria and two Gammaproteobacteria) were isolated from As rich waters. Our findings underlined that native microbial communities from different arsenic-contaminated freshwaters can efficiently perform arsenite oxidation, thus contributing to reduce the overall As toxicity to the aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, RM, 00015, Italy.
| | - Simona Crognale
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, RM, 00015, Italy
| | - Barbara Casentini
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, RM, 00015, Italy
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, RM, 00015, Italy
| | - Francesca Lotti
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, RM, 00015, Italy
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Liu F, Song X, Yang L, Han D, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Bu H. The role of anthropogenic and natural factors in shaping the geochemical evolution of groundwater in the Subei Lake basin, Ordos energy base, Northwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 538:327-340. [PMID: 26312407 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater resources are increasingly exploited for industrial and agricultural purposes in many arid regions globally, it is urgent to gain the impact of the enhanced anthropogenic pressure on the groundwater chemistry. The aim of this study was to acquire a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of groundwater chemistry and to identify the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the groundwater chemistry in the Subei Lake basin, Northwestern China. A total of 153 groundwater samples were collected and major ions were measured during the three campaigns (August and December 2013, May 2014). At present, the major hydrochemical facies in unconfined groundwater are Ca-Mg-HCO3, Ca-Na-HCO3, Na-Ca-HCO3, Na-HCO3, Ca-Mg-SO4 and Na-SO4-Cl types, while the main hydrochemical facies in confined groundwater are Ca-Mg-HCO3, Ca-Na-HCO3, Na-Ca-HCO3, Ca-HCO3 and Na-HCO3 types. Relatively greater seasonal variation can be observed in the chemical constituents of confined groundwater than that of unconfined groundwater. Rock weathering predominates the evolution of groundwater chemistry in conjunction with the cation exchange, and the dissolution/precipitation of gypsum, halite, feldspar, calcite and dolomite are responsible for the chemical constituents of groundwater. Anthropogenic activities can be classified as: (1) groundwater overexploitation; (2) excessive application of fertilizers in agricultural areas. Due to intensive groundwater pumping, the accelerated groundwater mineralization resulted in the local changes in hydrochemical facies of unconfined groundwater, while the strong mixture, especially a large influx of downward leakage from the unconfined aquifer into the confined aquifer, played a vital role in the fundamental variation of hydrochemical facies in confined aquifer. The nitrate contamination is mainly controlled by the local hydrogeological settings coupled with the traditional flood irrigation. The deeper insight into geochemical evolution of groundwater obtained from this study can be beneficial to improving groundwater management for sustainable development in the rapidly industrialized areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xianfang Song
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Lihu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dongmei Han
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongmei Bu
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
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Beyer A, Rzanny M, Weist A, Möller S, Burow K, Gutmann F, Neumann S, Lindner J, Müsse S, Brangsch H, Stoiber-Lipp J, Lonschinski M, Merten D, Büchel G, Kothe E. Aquifer community structure in dependence of lithostratigraphy in groundwater reservoirs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:19342-19351. [PMID: 26002361 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater microbiology with respect to different host rocks offers new possibilities to describe and map the habitat harboring approximately half of Earths' biomass. The Thuringian Basin (Germany) contains formations of the Permian (Zechstein) and Triassic (Muschelkalk and Buntsandstein) with outcrops and deeper regions at the border and central part. Hydro(geo)chemistry and bacterial community structure of 11 natural springs and 20 groundwater wells were analyzed to define typical patterns for each formation. Widespread were Gammaproteobacteria, while Bacilli were present in all wells. Halotolerant and halophilic taxa were present in Zechstein. The occurrence of specific taxa allowed a clear separation of communities from all three lithostratigraphic groups. These specific taxa could be used to follow fluid movement, e.g., from the underlying Zechstein or from nearby saline reservoirs into Buntsandstein aquifers. Thus, we developed a new tool to identify the lithostratigraphic origin of sources in mixed waters. This was verified with entry of surface water, as species not present in the underground Zechstein environments were isolated from the water samples. Thus, our tool shows a higher resolution as compared to hydrochemistry, which is prone to undergo fast dilution if water mixes with other aquifers. Furthermore, the bacteria well adapted to their respective environment showed geographic clustering allowing to differentiate regional aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Beyer
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Rzanny
- Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Aileen Weist
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Silke Möller
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Burow
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany
| | - Falko Gutmann
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Neumann
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Lindner
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Steffen Müsse
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Hanka Brangsch
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stoiber-Lipp
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Lonschinski
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Merten
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Büchel
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany
| | - Erika Kothe
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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33
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Unno T, Kim J, Kim Y, Nguyen SG, Guevarra RB, Kim GP, Lee JH, Sadowsky MJ. Influence of seawater intrusion on microbial communities in groundwater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 532:337-343. [PMID: 26081736 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is the sole source of potable water on Jeju Island in the Republic of (South) Korea. Groundwater is also used for irrigation and industrial purposes, and it is severely impacted by seawater intrusion in coastal areas. Consequently, monitoring the intrusion of seawater into groundwater on Jeju is very important for health and environmental reasons. A number of studies have used hydrological models to predict the deterioration of groundwater quality caused by seawater intrusion. However, there is conflicting evidence of intrusion due to complicated environmental influences on groundwater quality. Here we investigated the use of next generation sequencing (NGS)-based microbial community analysis as a way to monitor groundwater quality and detect seawater intrusion. Pristine groundwater, groundwater from three coastal areas, and seawater were compared. Analysis of the distribution of bacterial species clearly indicated that the high and low salinity groundwater differed significantly with respect to microbial composition. While members of the family Parvularculaceae were only identified in high salinity water samples, a greater percentage of the phylum Actinobacteria was predominantly observed in pristine groundwater. In addition, we identified 48 shared operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with seawater, among which the high salinity groundwater sample shared a greater number of bacterial species with seawater (6.7%). In contrast, other groundwater samples shared less than 0.5%. Our results suggest that NGS-based microbial community analysis of groundwater may be a useful tool for monitoring groundwater quality and detect seawater intrusion. This technology may also provide additional insights in understanding hydrological dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Unno
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungman Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Son G Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Robin B Guevarra
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Gee Pyo Kim
- Jeju Water Resources Headquarters, Jeju 695-962, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J Sadowsky
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
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34
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Groundwater chemical status assessment considering geochemical background: an example from Northern Latium (Central Italy). RENDICONTI LINCEI-SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-015-0473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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35
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Arsenic removal from naturally contaminated waters: a review of methods combining chemical and biological treatments. RENDICONTI LINCEI-SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-015-0461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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36
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Putative Effect of Aquifer Recharge on the Abundance and Taxonomic Composition of Endemic Microbial Communities. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129004. [PMID: 26083532 PMCID: PMC4471229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought events and the overexploitation of freshwater resources have led to the increased need to manage groundwater reserves. Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR), whereby artificial water is injected into aquifers for storage, is one of the proposed methods by which freshwater supplies can be increased. Microbial clogging following injection, however, is a major issue. Here, during laboratory simulations of ASR, we used flow cytometry and bar-coded pyrosequencing to investigate changes in microbial abundance and community dynamics. Bacterial abundance ranged from 5.0 × 104 to 1.4 × 107 cells ml-1 before the addition of synthetic wastewater. Following wastewater addition, a 25-fold decrease in abundance was observed, coinciding with a 12-fold increase in viral abundance. Taxa shifted from an overrepresentation of Sphingomonadales, Sphingobacteriales, Rhodospirillales, Caulobacterales, Legionellales, Bacillales, Fusobacteriales and Verrucomicrobiales prior to the addition of synthetic wastewater to Burkholderiales, Actinomycetales, Pseudomonadales, Xanthomonadales, Rhodobacterales, Thizobiales and Thiotrichales following the addition of synthetic wastewater. Furthermore, a significant difference in overall taxonomic composition between the groundwater samples before and after the addition of synthetic wastewater was observed, with water samples exhibiting more similarity to sediment samples after wastewater was added. Collectively, these results suggest that ASR may alter the taxonomic composition of endemic microbial communities and that complete profiles of groundwater properties, including microbial community abundance and composition need to be taken into consideration when selecting aquifers for ASR practices.
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