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Zhou B, Wang D, Zhao G, Zhang M, Liu X, Zhang D, Liang J, Zhou L. Effects of food waste hydrolysate as an external carbon source on defoaming in wastewater treatment with activated sludge process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 404:130900. [PMID: 38801956 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The activated sludge process is the most widely used technology for treating municipal wastewater. However, thick foam often occurs in activated sludge process. Here, we reported for the first time the effect of food waste hydrolysate (FWH) as an external carbon source on defoaming in activated sludge process. The study found that FWH was effective in defoaming at a wide dose range of 50-1600 mg/L total solids, as exhibiting that the foaming tendency of FWH-added foam mixed liquor was reduced to 0 mL-foam/mL-air·min from initial 0.171 mL-foam/mL-air·min in the control without adding FWH with 100 % of defoaming efficiency. Fatty acids, oils, and solid particles in FWH jointly contributed to the deformation. Among these factors, the concentration of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids was mainly responsible for the defoaming. This work provides a cost-effective strategy to solve the foaming problem in activated sludge process as well as providing external carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dianzhan Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guangliang Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingjiang Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dejin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianru Liang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lixiang Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China.
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2
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Tintrop LK, Lieske-Overgrand JR, Wickneswaran K, Abis R, Brunstermann R, Jochmann MA, Schmidt TC. Isotope-labeling in situ derivatization and HS-SPME arrow GC-MS/MS for simultaneous determination of fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters in aqueous matrices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6525-6536. [PMID: 37740751 PMCID: PMC10567957 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) co-occur in many samples, and analysis of both substance classes is frequently of high interest. To this end, this study introduces the first method for simultaneous determination of FAs and FAMEs including fully automated solvent-free solid-phase microextraction (SPME) arrow headspace extraction combined with isotope-labeling in situ FA derivatization with deuterated methanol (CD3OD). By using the chromatographic isotope effect (ΔRt = 0.03 min) and the + 3 m/z mass shift, FAs can be selectively differentiated from the FAMEs during gas chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) operated in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) aquisition mode. Additionally, an approach is presented to predict the retention times of deuterated compounds. Optimization of the derivatization conditions was accomplished by design of experiments and found to be 20 min, 50 °C, 4 v/v% CD3OD, and pH 2.1. During method validation, FAs and FAMEs were calibrated in different concentration ranges by standard addition in five real matrices and ultrapure water leading to good linearities and method detection limits for FAs ranging from 1-30 µg L-1 and for FAMEs from 0.003-0.72 µg L-1. FAs and FAMEs were detected in real samples from surface water, wastewater treatment plant effluent, and three different bioreactor samples and could be quantified in concentrations ranging from 2-1056 µg L-1 for FAs and 0.01-14 µg L-1 for FAMEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie K Tintrop
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Jana R Lieske-Overgrand
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Kaliyani Wickneswaran
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Rukiyye Abis
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Ruth Brunstermann
- Urban Water and Waste Management, Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 15, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Maik A Jochmann
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany.
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany.
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstrasse 26, 45476, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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3
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Fei X, Xi X, Gao J, Zhu S, Jiao X, Cao L, Liu L. Effects of silica fume powder modified by oleic acid on the settleability of bulking sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:2473-2480. [PMID: 35084288 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2034979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Modified silica fume powder with oleic acid through coupling agent was prepared based on the in situ utilizing long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) properties of Microthrix parvicella (M. parvicella) in the activated sludge system. The modification was confirmed by XRD and infrared spectrum. The contact angle analysis showed that the modification gave the silica fume powder a hydrophobic surface. The modified silica fume powder had a good combination with M. parvicella from the SEM and Gram staining measurements. The addition of modified silica powder has a certain effect on the settling capacity of sludge, but has little effect on the sludge treatment capacity, while the SVI dropped from 400.1 to 100.0 mL/g. These suggested that the modified silica fume powder could be used as an excellent weight-increasing agent to inhibit sludge bulking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Fei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuzhao Xi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhu
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Jiao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Cao
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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4
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Muniz Sacco FC, Frkova Z, Venditti S, Pastore C, Guignard C, Hansen J. Operation of a pilot-scale lipid accumulation technology employing parameters to select Microthrix parvicella for biodiesel production from wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128498. [PMID: 36535616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may play a crucial role in shifting to a zero-emission future by becoming more sustainable and contributing to the circular economy (CE). Recovered lipids from urban sewage can serve as a raw material for biofuel production contributing to a waste reduction, mitigation of natural resources depletion and reinforcing security and energy independence. A novel, pilot-scale lipid accumulation technology (LAT) employing parameters to select M. parvicella for the biofuel/biodiesel production was implemented on a side stream of an urban WWTP. The LAT proved its concept as the average amount of extracted lipids accumulated in the bioreactors was three-fold higher when compared to the lipids existing in activated sludge. The average transesterification of extracted lipids to biodiesel resulted in a 1.6 % yield, meaning that from 1 kg of dried sludge, 16 g of biodiesel could be formed. The biodiesel produced complies with European standard specifications (EN14214).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cristina Muniz Sacco
- University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi 6, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Zuzana Frkova
- University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi 6, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation Department, rue du Brill 41, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Silvia Venditti
- University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi 6, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Carlo Pastore
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), National Research Council, Via de Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Cedric Guignard
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation Department, rue du Brill 41, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Joachim Hansen
- University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi 6, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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5
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Szypulska D, Miodoński S, Janiak K, Muszyński-Huhajło M, Jurga A. Filamentous foam disintegration with free nitrous acid: Effect on anaerobic digestion. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 139:199-207. [PMID: 34974314 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sludge foaming is a common problem in wastewater treatment plants negatively affecting operation of anaerobic digestion reactors. Therefore, in common practice, foam is removed from reactors without being fermented, leading to increase in sludge mass for disposal. However, foam is rich in lipids and can be a good source of methane if operational problems can be overcome. In this paper, in a two-stage experiment, we show that foam disintegration with free nitrous acid (FNA) can boost methane production and decrease foaming potential. In the first stage, the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of foam was evaluated to be higher by 19-63% (191-263NmL/gVS) than the BMP of waste activated sludge (WAS) (161 ± 1NmL/gVS) confirming previous assumptions. The main findings of the second stage (continuous experiments) are: (1) foam and WAS co-digestion leads to sludge stratification and thickened biomass accumulation in the upper part of the reactor, (2) FNA disintegration destroyed foam structure, resulting in lower biomass stratification and 14% higher methane production (134 mL/gVS) than observed in the reference reactor, (3) FNA disintegration of both substrates (foam and WAS) does not provide noticeable benefits in terms of biomass stratification. However, it does enhance methane production to 140 mL/gVS and sludge mineralization efficiency. A significantly higher impact of FNA on methane yield from foam than WAS was attributed to the high content of M.parvicella and the ability of these bacteria to adsorb and accumulate lipids. Anaerobic digestion of FNA disintegrated foam leads to substantial benefits in terms of methane production, reactor volume, and reagents consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Szypulska
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Miodoński
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Janiak
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; Wroclaw Municipal Water and Sewage Company, Na Grobli 14/16 50-421 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Muszyński-Huhajło
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jurga
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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6
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Wang Z, Gao J, Dai H, Zhao Y, Li D, Duan W, Guo Y. Microplastics affect the ammonia oxidation performance of aerobic granular sludge and enrich the intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124981. [PMID: 33387747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as emerging pollutants, are frequently detected in wastewater treatment plants, and their threats to the environment have received extensive attentions. However, the effects of MPs on the nitrification of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and the spread patterns of intracellular and extracellular ARGs (iARGs and eARGs) in AGS were still unknown. In this study, the responses of AGS to the exposure of 1, 10 and 100 mg/L of typical MPs (polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE)) and tetracycline were focused on in 3 L nitrifying sequencing batch reactors. 10 mg/L MPs decreased the nitrification function, but nitrification could recover. Furthermore, MPs inhibited ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and enriched nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, leading partial nitrification to losing stability. PVC, PA and PS stimulated the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances and reactive oxygen species. PE had less negative effect on AGS than PVC, PA and PS. The abundances of iARGs and eARGs (tetW, tetE and intI1) increased significantly and the intracellular and extracellular microbial communities obviously shifted in AGS system under MPs stress. Potential pathogenic bacteria might be the common hosts of iARGs and eARGs in AGS system and were enriched in AGS and MPs biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jingfeng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Huihui Dai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dingchang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wanjun Duan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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7
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Fan NS, Qi R, Huang BC, Jin RC, Yang M. Factors influencing Candidatus Microthrix parvicella growth and specific filamentous bulking control: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125371. [PMID: 31835053 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Candidatus Microthrix parvicella has been frequently detected as the dominant filamentous bacteria in bulking sludge and thus seriously affects the stable operation of activated sludge processes. The extremely low growth rate of Ca. M. parvicella and its sensitivity to environmental variations greatly limit the development of effective techniques to control filamentous bulking. Based on previous investigations, a variety of restrictive substrates, operating and culture conditions, environmental factors and other potential inhibitors have varying degrees of impact on the growth of this microorganism. This review systematically summarizes the key factors affecting Ca. M. parvicella growth with a focus on the influencing mechanism. Recent filamentous bulking control strategies are also critically reviewed and discussed. Additionally, research needs for the next few years are proposed with the aim of establishing effective and specific control strategies for filamentous sludge bulking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Si Fan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Rong Qi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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8
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Weggler BA, Gruber B, Teehan P, Jaramillo R, Dorman FL. Inlets and sampling. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813745-1.00005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Li S, Fei X, Chi Y, Cao L. Impact of the acetate/oleic acid ratio on the performance, quorum sensing, and microbial community of sequencing batch reactor system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122279. [PMID: 31677408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study comprehensively investigated the impact of acetate/oleic acid ratios (80%/20%, 60%/40%, 40%/60%, and 20%/80%) on sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with respect to the variations in performance, quorum sensing (QS), and microbial community. Results showed that NH+4-N removal was not affected by the acetate/oleic acid ratios, while the COD, total nitrogen (TN), and PO3-4-P removal was considerably affected. The increasing oleic acid ratios led to severe sludge bulking, which was significantly positively correlated with proteins/polysaccharides (p < 0.001). The correlation of QS with the performance and sludge properties was also observed. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that microbial compositions considerably shifted with varying acetate/oleic acid ratios. Moreover, the potential correlation of bacterial genera with the SBR performance and QS was proposed. This study elucidated the effect of acetate/oleic acid ratios on SBR from microbial viewpoint, which provided insights into fully understanding the essential roles of carbon source on wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songya Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuening Fei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Yongzhi Chi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lingyun Cao
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China
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10
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Li S, Fei X, Cao L, Chi Y. Insights into the effects of carbon source on sequencing batch reactors: Performance, quorum sensing and microbial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:799-809. [PMID: 31326803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effects of carbon source on the performance, quorum sensing (QS) and microbial communities in the sequencing batch reactors were investigated in this work. Among the chosen carbon source, sodium acetate (R1), glucose (R2), starch (R3) and Tween 80 (R4), sodium acetate was the best carbon source for nutrient removal, while starch was favorable for inducing the sludge bulking, and Tween 80 was beneficial to the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and proliferation of Microthrix parvicella. Additionally, the R2 value of linear correlation between sludge settleability and particle size in four reactors followed an order of R1 > R2 > R3 > R4. Moreover, Person correlation analysis showed that various significant correlations were observed in reactors fed with different carbon sources and the QS mainly mediated the production and component of EPS. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the carbon source affected microbial communities and the Canonical correspondence analysis results indicated that QS related to microbial communities. It was inferred that the interactions between microbial communities and QS affected system performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songya Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuening Fei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Lingyun Cao
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yongzhi Chi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
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11
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Gu Y, Lin D, Fei X, Wang C, Yang Q, Tang Y, Ren X. A novel fluorescent long-chain fatty acid-substituted dye: labeling and biodegrading of Microthrix parvicella. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35855-35862. [PMID: 35547900 PMCID: PMC9088196 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06986g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microthrix parvicella (M. parvicella) is a filamentous bacterium that induces bulking in activated sludge. Here, we used the affinity of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) for M. parvicella to create a novel fluorescent probe of carbazole modified by LCFA. The structure was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The spectral properties, photostability, and hydrophobic properties of the probe were also characterized. Fluorescent-labeling results showed that it can label M. parvicella in situ and could be biodegraded via metabolism. The stable docking mode of carbazole probes with different fatty acid chains and lipases was also docked by the density functional tight-binding (DFTB) method. M. parvicella in situ could be biodegraded by a novel fluorescent probe of carbazole modified by LCFA(FP1).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Gu
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 China
| | - Dayong Lin
- Anda Duosen New Material Technology CO., LTD Heilongjiang Province 151400 China
| | - Xuening Fei
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 China
| | - Cuihong Wang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 China
| | - Qi Yang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 China
| | - Yalin Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xueling Ren
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University Henan Province 450001 China
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12
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Belinato JR, Dias FFG, Caliman JD, Augusto F, Hantao LW. Opportunities for green microextractions in comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography / mass spectrometry-based metabolomics - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1040:1-18. [PMID: 30327098 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Microextractions have become an attractive class of techniques for metabolomics. The most popular technique is solid-phase microextraction that revolutionized the field of modern sample preparation in the early nineties. Ever since this milestone, microextractions have taken on many principles and formats comprising droplets, fibers, membranes, needles, and blades. Sampling devices may be customized to impart exhaustive or equilibrium-based characteristics to the extraction method. Equilibrium-based approaches may rely on additional methods for calibration, such as diffusion-based or on-fiber kinetic calibration to improve bioanalysis. In addition, microextraction-based methods may enable minimally invasive sampling protocols and measure the average free concentration of analytes in heterogeneous multiphasic biological systems. On-fiber derivatization has evidenced new opportunities for targeted and untargeted analysis in metabolomics. All these advantages have highlighted the potential of microextraction techniques for in vivo and on-site sampling and sample preparation, while many opportunities are still available for laboratory protocols. In this review, we outline and discuss some of the most recent applications using microextractions techniques for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-based metabolomics, including potential research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R Belinato
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis (INCTBio), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F G Dias
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis (INCTBio), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline D Caliman
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis (INCTBio), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Fabio Augusto
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis (INCTBio), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Leandro W Hantao
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Wang J, Rong H, Zhang C. Evaluation of the impact of dissolved oxygen concentration on biofilm microbial community in sequencing batch biofilm reactor. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:532-542. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Jiao X, Fei X, Li S, Lin D, Ma H, Zhang B. Design Mechanism and Property of the Novel Fluorescent Probes for the Identification of Microthrix Parvicella In Situ. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10070804. [PMID: 28773166 PMCID: PMC5551847 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two novel fluorescent probes, probe A and probe B were designed, synthesized and characterized, based on Microthrix parvicella (M. parvicella) preferring to utilize long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), for the labeling of M. parvicella in activated sludge. The molecular structure of probe A and probe B include long-chain alkane and LCFA, respectively. The results indicated that probe A and probe B had a large stokes shift of 118 nm and 120 nm and high quantum yield of 0.1043 and 0.1058, respectively, which were significantly helpful for the fluorescent labeling. As probe A was more stable than probe B in activated sludge, and the fluorescence intensity keep stable during 24 h, probe A was more suitable for labeling M. parvicella in situ. In addition, through the Image Pro Plus 6 (IPP 6) analysis, a quantitative relationship was established between sludge volume index (SVI) and integral optical density (IOD) of the labeled M. parvicella in activated sludge samples. The relationship between IOD and SVI conforms to Logistic curve (R2 = 0.94).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Jiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Xuening Fei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Songya Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Dayong Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Huaji Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Baolian Zhang
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
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15
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Zou H, Wang Y. Azo dyes wastewater treatment and simultaneous electricity generation in a novel process of electrolysis cell combined with microbial fuel cell. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 235:167-175. [PMID: 28365344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new process of electrolysis cell (EC) coupled with microbial fuel cell (MFC) was developed here and its feasibility in methyl red (MR) wastewater treatment and simultaneous electricity generation was assessed. Results indicate that an excellent MR removal and electricity production performance was achieved, where the decolorization and COD removal efficiencies were 100% and 89.3%, respectively and a 0.56V of cell voltage output was generated. Electrolysis voltage showed a positive influence on decolorization rate (DR) but also cause a rapid decrease in current efficiency (CE). Although a low COD removal rate of 38.5% was found in EC system, biodegradability of MR solution was significantly enhanced, where the averaged DR was 85.6%. Importantly, COD removal rate in EC-MFC integrated process had a 50.8% improvement compared with the single EC system. The results obtained here would be beneficial to provide a prospective alternative for azo dyes wastewater treatment and power production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Zou
- Department of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture, Bengbu 234000, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Donghua Road, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture, Bengbu 234000, China
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16
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Yang Q, Zhao H, Du B. Bacteria and bacteriophage communities in bulking and non-bulking activated sludge in full-scale municipal wastewater treatment systems. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Wang P, Yu Z, Qi R, Zhang H. Detailed comparison of bacterial communities during seasonal sludge bulking in a municipal wastewater treatment plant. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 105:157-166. [PMID: 27614036 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, pyrosequencing combined with clone library analysis, qPCR, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to identify detailed changes of bacterial and filamentous bacterial communities in activated sludge (AS) in 3 types of typical AS samples: sludge bulking (B-AS), excessive bulking (EB-AS), and non-bulking (N-AS). Sludge bulking resulted in a decrease in total bacterial numbers from (6.4 ± 0.18) × 108 gene copies/mL in N-AS to (2.4 ± 0.22) × 108 in EB-AS and a decrease in bacterial diversity from 2757 OTUs in N-AS to 2217 OTUs in EB-AS. With the occurrence of sludge bulking, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes increased sharply, whereas Proteobacteria, which was the predominant phylum in N-AS, decreased markedly. In addition, Nitrospirae, a major lineage of the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, had quite a low abundance in EB-AS (0.15%), while it was relatively high in N-AS (1.17%). On the other hand, filamentous bacteria accounted for 28.77% and 5.72% of total sequences in EB-AS and N-AS, respectively. More interestingly, 11 types of filamentous bacteria were always present in 3 types of typical AS samples from different stages of sludge bulking, and most of them enriched in EB-AS compared to N-AS. It is noteworthy that, in addition to the frequently reported filamentous bacteria such as Candidatus M. parvicella and Tetrasphaera, novel filamentous species of Trichococcus might exist in this bulking WWTP. Our results reveal that sludge bulking are derived from diverse taxa, which expands previous understanding and provides new insight into the underlying complications of the bulking phenomenon in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Rong Qi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Hongxun Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
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18
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Dias PA, Dunkel T, Fajado DAS, Gallegos EDL, Denecke M, Wiedemann P, Schneider FK, Suhr H. Image processing for identification and quantification of filamentous bacteria in in situ acquired images. Biomed Eng Online 2016; 15:64. [PMID: 27287755 PMCID: PMC4902998 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-016-0197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the activated sludge process, problems of filamentous bulking and foaming can occur due to overgrowth of certain filamentous bacteria. Nowadays, these microorganisms are typically monitored by means of light microscopy, commonly combined with staining techniques. As drawbacks, these methods are susceptible to human errors, subjectivity and limited by the use of discontinuous microscopy. The in situ microscope appears as a suitable tool for continuous monitoring of filamentous bacteria, providing real-time examination, automated analysis and eliminating sampling, preparation and transport of samples. In this context, a proper image processing algorithm is proposed for automated recognition and measurement of filamentous objects. Methods This work introduces a method for real-time evaluation of images without any staining, phase-contrast or dilution techniques, differently from studies present in the literature. Moreover, we introduce an algorithm which estimates the total extended filament length based on geodesic distance calculation. For a period of twelve months, samples from an industrial activated sludge plant were weekly collected and imaged without any prior conditioning, replicating real environment conditions. Results Trends of filament growth rate—the most important parameter for decision making—are correctly identified. For reference images whose filaments were marked by specialists, the algorithm correctly recognized 72 % of the filaments pixels, with a false positive rate of at most 14 %. An average execution time of 0.7 s per image was achieved. Conclusions Experiments have shown that the designed algorithm provided a suitable quantification of filaments when compared with human perception and standard methods. The algorithm’s average execution time proved its suitability for being optimally mapped into a computational architecture to provide real-time monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipe A Dias
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Federal University of Technology Paraná, Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, 80230-901, Brazil. .,Department of Information Technology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Thiemo Dunkel
- Institute for Urban Water and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 15, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Diego A S Fajado
- Department of Information Technology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Erika de León Gallegos
- Institute for Urban Water and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 15, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Denecke
- Institute for Urban Water and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 15, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp Wiedemann
- Department of Biotechnology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabio K Schneider
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Federal University of Technology Paraná, Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, 80230-901, Brazil
| | - Hajo Suhr
- Department of Information Technology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
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Stokdyk JP, Firnstahl AD, Spencer SK, Burch TR, Borchardt MA. Determining the 95% limit of detection for waterborne pathogen analyses from primary concentration to qPCR. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 96:105-13. [PMID: 27023926 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The limit of detection (LOD) for qPCR-based analyses is not consistently defined or determined in studies on waterborne pathogens. Moreover, the LODs reported often reflect the qPCR assay alone rather than the entire sample process. Our objective was to develop an approach to determine the 95% LOD (lowest concentration at which 95% of positive samples are detected) for the entire process of waterborne pathogen detection. We began by spiking the lowest concentration that was consistently positive at the qPCR step (based on its standard curve) into each procedural step working backwards (i.e., extraction, secondary concentration, primary concentration), which established a concentration that was detectable following losses of the pathogen from processing. Using the fraction of positive replicates (n = 10) at this concentration, we selected and analyzed a second, and then third, concentration. If the fraction of positive replicates equaled 1 or 0 for two concentrations, we selected another. We calculated the LOD using probit analysis. To demonstrate our approach we determined the 95% LOD for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, adenovirus 41, and vaccine-derived poliovirus Sabin 3, which were 11, 12, and 6 genomic copies (gc) per reaction (rxn), respectively (equivalent to 1.3, 1.5, and 4.0 gc L(-1) assuming the 1500 L tap-water sample volume prescribed in EPA Method 1615). This approach limited the number of analyses required and was amenable to testing multiple genetic targets simultaneously (i.e., spiking a single sample with multiple microorganisms). An LOD determined this way can facilitate study design, guide the number of required technical replicates, aid method evaluation, and inform data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel P Stokdyk
- Wisconsin Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Middleton, WI, USA; Laboratory for Infectious Disease and the Environment, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Aaron D Firnstahl
- Wisconsin Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Middleton, WI, USA; Laboratory for Infectious Disease and the Environment, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Susan K Spencer
- Environmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Marshfield, WI, USA; Laboratory for Infectious Disease and the Environment, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Tucker R Burch
- Environmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Marshfield, WI, USA; Laboratory for Infectious Disease and the Environment, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Mark A Borchardt
- Environmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Marshfield, WI, USA; Laboratory for Infectious Disease and the Environment, Marshfield, WI, USA.
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