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Huangfu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ma C. The determination of thallium in the environment: A review of conventional and advanced techniques and applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142201. [PMID: 38692367 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a potential toxicity element that poses significant ecological and environmental risks. Recently, a substantial amount of Tl has been released into the environment through natural and human activities, which attracts increasing attention. The determination of this hazardous and trace element is crucial for controlling its pollution. This article summarizes the advancement and progress in optimizing Tl detection techniques, including atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), voltammetry, inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-based methods, spectrophotometry, and X-ray-based methods. Additionally, it introduces sampling and pretreatment methods such as diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, and cloud point extraction. Among these techniques, ICP-mass spectrometry (MS) is the preferred choice for Tl detection due to its high precision in determining Tl as well as its species and isotopic composition. Meanwhile, some new materials and agents are employed in detection. The application of novel work electrode materials and chromogenic agents is discussed. Emphasis is placed on reducing solvent consumption and utilizing pretreatment techniques such as ultrasound-assisted processes and functionalized magnetic particles. Most detection is performed in aqueous matrices, while X-ray-based methods applied to solid phases are summarized which provide non-destructive analysis. This work improves the understanding of Tl determination technology while serving as a valuable resource for researchers seeking appropriate analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yunzhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chengxue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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2
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Reyes-Umana V, Ewens SD, Meier DAO, Coates JD. Integration of molecular and computational approaches paints a holistic portrait of obscure metabolisms. mBio 2023; 14:e0043123. [PMID: 37855625 PMCID: PMC10746228 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00431-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are essential drivers of earth's geochemical cycles. However, the significance of elemental redox cycling mediated by microorganisms is often underestimated beyond the most well-studied nutrient cycles. Phosphite, (per)chlorate, and iodate are each considered esoteric substrates metabolized by microorganisms. However, recent investigations have indicated that these metabolisms are widespread and ubiquitous, affirming a need to continue studying the underlying microbiology to understand their biogeochemical effects and their interface with each other and our biosphere. This review focuses on combining canonical techniques of culturing microorganisms with modern omic approaches to further our understanding of obscure metabolic pathways and elucidate their importance in global biogeochemical cycles. Using these approaches, marker genes of interest have already been identified for phosphite, (per)chlorate, and iodate using traditional microbial physiology and genetics. Subsequently, their presence was queried to reveal the distribution of metabolic pathways in the environment using publicly available databases. In conjunction with each other, computational and experimental techniques provide a more comprehensive understanding of the location of these microorganisms, their underlying biochemistry and genetics, and how they tie into our planet's geochemical cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Reyes-Umana
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sophia D. Ewens
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - David A. O. Meier
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - John D. Coates
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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3
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Liu Q, Niu X, Zhang D, Ye X, Tan P, Shu T, Lin Z. Phototransformation of phosphite induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in aquatic environments. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120571. [PMID: 37683523 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphite, an essential component in the biogeochemical phosphorus cycle, may make significant contributions to the bioavailable phosphorus pool as well as water eutrophication. However, to date, the potential impacts of coexisting photochemically active substances on the environmental fate and transformation of phosphite in aquatic environments have been sparsely elucidated. In the present study, the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), a widely distributed photocatalyst in aquatic environments, on phosphite phototransformation under simulated solar irradiation was systematically investigated. The physicochemical characteristics of the pristine and reacted ZnO NPs were thoroughly characterized. The results showed that the presence of ZnO NPs induced the indirect phototransformation of phosphite to phosphate, and the reaction rate increased with increasing ZnO NPs concentration. Through experiments with quenching and trapping free radicals, it was proved that photogenerated reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide anion (O2•-), and singlet oxygen (1O2), made substantial contributions to phosphite phototransformation. In addition, the influencing factors such as initial phosphite concentration, pH, water matrixes (Cl-, F-, Br-, SO42-, NO3-, NO2-, HCO3-, humic acid (HA) and citric acid (CA)) were investigated. The component of generated precipitates after the phosphite phototransformation induced by ZnO NPs was still dominated by ZnO NPs, while the presence of amorphous Zn3(PO4)2 was identified. This work explored ZnO NPs-mediated phosphite phototransformation processes, indicating that nanophotocatalysts released into aquatic environments such as ZnO NPs may function as photosensitizers to play a beneficial role in the transformation of phosphite to phosphate, thereby potentially mitigating the toxicity of phosphite to aquatic organisms while exacerbating eutrophication. The findings of this study provide a novel insight into the comprehensive assessment of the environmental fate, potential ecological risk, and biogeochemical behaviors of phosphite in natural aquatic environments under the condition of combined pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Niu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China.
| | - Xingyao Ye
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Peibing Tan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Ting Shu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Yu M, Xu J, Du H, Zhang R, Wu D, Xie X. Role of phosphite in the environmental phosphorus cycle. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163463. [PMID: 37062315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In modern geochemistry, phosphorus (P) is considered synonymous with phosphate (Pi) because Pi controls the growth of organisms as a limiting nutrient in many ecosystems. The researchers therefore realised that a complete P cycle is essential. Limited by thermodynamic barriers, P was long believed to be incapable of redox reactions, and the role of the redox cycle of reduced P in the global P cycling system was thus not ascertained. Nevertheless, the phosphite (Phi) form of P is widely present in various environments and participates in the global P redox cycle. Herein, global quantitative evidences of Phi are enumerated and the early origin and modern biotic/abiotic sources of Phi are elaborated. Further, the Phi-based redox pathway for P reduction is analysed and global multienvironmental Phi redox cycle processes are proposed on the basis of this pathway. The possible role of Phi in controlling algae in eutrophic lakes and its ecological benefits to plants are proposed. In this manner, the important role of Phi in the P redox cycle and global P cycle is systematically and comprehensively identified and confirmed. This work will provide scientific guidance for the future production and use of Phi products and arouse attention and interest on clarifying the role of Phi in the environmental phosphorus cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Mengqin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jinying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hu Du
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Daishe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337000, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
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Zheng Y, Sun Y, Zhang Z, Han C, Wang Z, Liu C, Ke F, Zhang L, Shen Q. Evaluation of the distribution and mobility of labile phosphorus in sediment profiles of Lake Nansi, the largest eutrophic freshwater lake in northern China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137756. [PMID: 36610514 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding various biogeochemical processes, especially in eutrophic sediments, necessitates fine-scale phosphorus (P) measurements in pore waters. To the best of our knowledge, the fine-scale distributions of P across the sediment profiles of Lake Nansi have rarely been investigated. Herein we evaluated the dynamic distributions of labile P and Fe across the sediment-water interface (SWI) of Lake Nansi at two-dimensional (2D) and sub-millimeter resolution, using well-established colorimetric diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) methodology. The concentrations of labile P in all investigated sediment profiles exhibited strong spatial variations, ranging from 0 to 1.50 mg/L with a considerable number of hotspots. Lake Nanyang (0.55 ± 0.21 mg/L) had the highest mean concentration of labile P, followed by Lake Dushan (0.38 ± 0.19 mg/L), Lake Weishan (0.28 ± 0.21 mg/L), and Lake Zhaoyang (0.18 ± 0.09 mg/L). The highest concentrations of labile P were always detected in Lake Dushan, which had been subjected to excessive exogenous P pollution. The co-distributions of labile P and Fe in the majority of the sediment of Lake Nansi confirmed highly positive correlations (P < 0.01), suggesting that the mobility of labile P throughout the SWI was likely governed by iron redox processes. The apparent diffusion fluxes of P across the SWI ranged from -7.7 to 33.6 μg/m2·d, with a mean value of 5.26 ± 7.80 μg/m2·d. Positive apparent fluxes for labile P were recorded in most sediment cores, demonstrating the strong upward mobility of P from the sediment to the overlying water. Our results provided accurate and extensive information regarding the micro-distribution and dynamic exchange of labile P across the SWI. This allows for a better understanding of eutrophication processes and the implementation of P management strategies in Lake Nansi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; School of Civil & Architecture Engineering, Xi' an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- School of Civil & Architecture Engineering, Xi' an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qiushi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
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Wang B, Shen Q, Han C, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Liu C, Zhang L, Ren J. New insights into the growth response of the macrophyte Vallisneria natans exposed to phosphite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158189. [PMID: 35995166 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Renewed interest in phosphite, an analog of phosphate, has increased due to its widespread distribution and increasing abundance in many waterbodies. However, up until recently very little is known about their ecological effects on aquatic organisms. Herein we studied the effects of phosphite via root and foliar exposure on the growth responses of the dominant pioneer macrophyte V. natans. Overall, both exposures of phosphite to V. natans resulted in significant reductions in the leaf length, root length, relative growth rate (RGR) and photosynthetic pigments, suggesting phosphite had an inhibitory effect on the plant growth. Our results further confirmed phosphite could induce the oxidative stresses in the V. natans cells, as indicated by the significantly increased intracellular enzyme activities i.e. superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Microscopic evidence also showed phosphite penetrated the cell membrane and destroyed membrane integrity under high phosphite stress. Besides, V. natans leaves exhibited intuitive deterioration symptoms, which seemed to be more sensitive to phosphite toxicity than roots. It is concluded that the increased abundance of phosphite in waterbodies cannot be utilized as a bioavailable P source but impose adverse physiological and metabolic limitations to plant growth, which should be receive more attention in the ecological risk assessment. Our result is necessary to build a comprehensive understanding of phosphite biogeochemical behaviors in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qiushi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Ye Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Ministry of Natural Resources, Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
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7
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Han C, Ren J, Wang B, Wang Z, Yin H, Ke F, Xu D, Zhang L, Si X, Shen Q. Ignored effects of phosphite (P +III) on the growth responses of three typical algae species. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118672. [PMID: 34896401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the ubiquitous distribution and increasing abundance of P+III in waterbodies have caused serious concerns regarding its bioavailability and potential toxicity. However, our knowledge on these issues is relatively limited. We addressed previously unknown effects of P+III on three dominate algae species i.e. Microcystic aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), Chlorella pyrenoidesa (C. pyrenoidesa) and Cyclotella. sp in eutrophic waterbodies in China. Remarkable declines in biomass, specific growth rate and Chl-a of algae cells treated with 0.01-0.7 mg/L P+III as sole or an alternative P source were observed, indicating P+III had an inhibitory effect on the algal growth. Besides, the intracellular enzyme activities e.g superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased with P+III stress. M. aeruginosa and Cyclotella. sp cells seemed to be more sensitive to P+III toxicity than C. pyrenoidesa since cell membrane suffered more serious stress and destruction. These findings combined, it confirmed P+III could not be utilized as bioavailable P, but had certain toxicity to the tested algae. It indicated that the increased P+III abundance in eutrophic waterbodies would accelerate the algal cell death, which could have a positive effect against algal blooms. Our results provide new insights into assessing the ecological risks of P+III in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Ministry of Natural Resources, Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Baoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Di Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaoxia Si
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiushi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
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Developments in the diffusive gradients in thin-films technique for the speciation of oxyanions and platinum group elements in aquatic systems. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gorny J, Jardin C, Diez O, Galceran J, Gourgiotis A, Happel S, Coppin F, Février L, Simonucci C, Cazala C. Dissolved iodide in marine waters determined with Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films technique. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1177:338790. [PMID: 34482898 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, Diffusive Gradient in Thin-films (DGT) focuses on the inorganic iodine species iodate (IO3-) and iodide (I-). A silver-doped Cl resin (AgdCl), which is known to selectively accumulate I-, was used to make a binding gel. Laboratory investigations were designed to verify the suitability of the AgdCl-DGT method to measure the total I- concentration in environmental waters. Total recovery of I- was obtained using an elution solution containing 100 mmol L-1 KCN. DGT validation experiments in 10 mmol L-1 NaCl showed linear accumulation of I- over time, contrary to IO3-, thus confirming the selectivity of AgdCl-binding gel. The AgdCl-DGT measurement of total I- concentration was independent of pH (4.5-8.8) and was not impacted by the presence of bicarbonate (1-5 mmol L-1). Finally, the performance of AgdCl-DGT samplers were tested in two continental waters and a synthetic seawater. The AgdCl-DGT samplers measured 27-33% of the total I- concentration in the two continental waters up to 24 h of deployment time, whereas the AgdCl-DGT response retrieved the total I- concentration in seawater up to 72 h (106 ± 7%). The difference in DGT response was attributed to the low ionic strength of the two continental waters, limiting the application of AgdCl-DGT method to media with higher ionic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Gorny
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEDRE, LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Cyrielle Jardin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEDRE, LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Olivier Diez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEDRE, LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Josep Galceran
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Lleida and AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Alkiviadis Gourgiotis
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEDRE, LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Fréderic Coppin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE, LR2T, Cadarache, France
| | - Laureline Février
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE, LR2T, Cadarache, France
| | - Caroline Simonucci
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEDRE, LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SIRSE, LER-NORD, France
| | - Charlotte Cazala
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEDRE, LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Sadeghi S, Anderson TA, Jackson WA. Determination of phosphite (HPO 3-2) by a new IC/MS/MS method using an 18O-labeled HPO 3-2 internal standard. Talanta 2021; 230:122198. [PMID: 33934758 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new method has been developed to determine trace amounts of phosphite (HPO3-2) in environmental samples using ion chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (IC-ESI/MS/MS). The method includes the production and use of an 18O-labeled HPO3-2 internal standard (IS). This isotopically labeled IS significantly improved sensitivity and could account for matrix suppression. The method detection limit (MDL) was determined as 0.017 and 0.034 μg L-1 of HPO3-2 (6.5 and 13 ng P L-1) using a 500 and 25 μL injection loop, respectively. Precision (1-10%) and accuracy (recoveries = 96-106%) were established for a range of environmental samples using known (spiked) addition. The impact of ionic interferences was investigated by evaluating the response of the internal standard in the presence of common anions with respect to distilled deionized water. The most significant interference was due to nitrate (100 mg-NO3- L-1) with a 99.99% reduction in IS intensity. The method was successfully applied to wastewater effluent, surface water, tap water, and soil samples. Relatively low concentrations <0.25 μg HPO3-2 L-1 were measured in tap water, surface water and wastewater effluent, and ~1.6 μg kg-1 HPO3-2 in soil samples, using both injection loops. Limited suppression was observed for all matrices. The largest IS peak area suppression (~98%) was observed in WW effluent with 500 μL injection loop; however, this method was able to quantify HPO3-2 with good recoveries and precision despite the mentioned suppression, supporting the ability of the proposed method to quantify HPO3-2 in different environmental matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Sadeghi
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Box 41023, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1023, USA.
| | - Todd A Anderson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Box 41163, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1163, USA.
| | - W Andrew Jackson
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Box 41023, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1023, USA.
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Fang Z, Li Y, Li Y, Yang D, Zhang H, Jones KC, Gu C, Luo J. Development and Applications of Novel DGT Passive Samplers for Measuring 12 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Natural Waters and Wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:9548-9556. [PMID: 33710858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extensive and long-term use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has caused their widespread distribution in aquatic systems. A new diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) passive sampling method based on weak anion exchanger (WAX) binding layer is developed here for monitoring five perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), five perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs) and two PFASs (6:2 FTSA and GenX) in waters. Performance of WAX-DGTs was independent of environmental conditions, namely pH (3.03-8.96), ionic strength (1-500 mM), and DOM content (4-30 mg L-1). Diffusion coefficients (D) of the 12 PFASs in the diffusive gels were measured, 9 for the first time. Linear correlations between D and perfluoroalkyl chain lengths (CF2) were established to obtain D for congener chemicals with the similar functional group and structure. The binding capacity of the WAX-DGT sampler was at least 440 μg PFASs per sampler, sufficient for applications in waters across a wide range of conditions and PFASs concentrations. Successful applications of WAX based DGT samplers in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and three rivers has demonstrated that DGT is a powerful tool for monitoring, surveillance and research of these 12 PFASs in aquatic systems, and can be extended to wider suites of PFs in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yanying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Danxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C Jones
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
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12
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Preparation of environmental samples for chemical speciation of metal/metalloids: A review of extraction techniques. Talanta 2021; 226:122119. [PMID: 33676674 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemical speciation is a relevant topic in environmental chemistry since the (eco)toxicity, bio (geo)chemical cycles, and mobility of a given element depend on its chemical forms (oxidation state, organic ligands, etc.). Maintaining the chemical stability of the species and avoiding equilibrium disruptions during the sample treatment is one of the biggest challenges in chemical speciation, especially in environmental matrices where the level of concomitants/interferents is normally high. To achieve this task, strategies based on chemical properties of the species can be carried out and pre-concentration techniques are often needed due to the low concentration ranges of many species (μg L-1 - ng L-1). Due to the significance of the topic and the lack of reviews dealing with sample preparation of metal (loid)s (usually, sample preparation reviews focus on the total metal content), this work is presented. This review gives an up-to-date overview of the most common sample preparation techniques for environmental samples (water, soil, and sediments), with a focus on speciation of metal/metalloids and determination by spectrometric techniques. Description of the methods is given, and the most recent applications (last 10 years) are presented.
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13
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Yuan ZF, Gustave W, Sekar R, Bridge J, Wang JY, Feng WJ, Guo B, Chen Z. Simultaneous measurement of aqueous redox-sensitive elements and their species across the soil-water interface. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 102:1-10. [PMID: 33637235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The redox-sensitive elements, such as iron, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, and arsenic, shift their speciation every millimeter (mm) across the soil-water interface in the flooded soil environments. Monitoring of element speciation at this high-resolution (HR) within the SWI is still difficult. The key challenge lies in obtaining sufficient porewater samples at specific locations along the soil gradient for downstream analysis. Here with an optimized inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method and a HR porewater sampler, we demonstrate mm-scale element profiles mapping across the SWI in paddy soils. High-concentrations of iron and manganese (> 10 mg/L) were measured by ICP-MS in an extended dynamic range mode to avoid signal overflow. The iron profile along the SWI generated by the ICP-MS method showed no significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to that measured independently using a colorimetric method. Furthermore, four arsenic (arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic and dimethylarsinic acid), two phosphorus (phosphite and phosphate) and two sulfur (sulfide and sulfate) species were separated in 10 min by ion chromatography -ICP-MS with the NH4HCO3 mobile phase. We verified the technique using paddy soils collected from the field, and present the mm-scale profiles of iron, manganese, and arsenic, phosphorus, sulfur species (relative standard deviation < 8%). The technique developed in this study will significantly promote the measurement throughput in limited samples (e.g. 100 μL) collected by HR samplers, which would greatly facilitate redox-sensitive elements biogeochemical cycling in saturated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Feng Yuan
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK; Department of Plant Science, Tarim University, Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Williamson Gustave
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK; Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas
| | - Raju Sekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jonathan Bridge
- Department of Natural and Built Environment, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Jia-Yue Wang
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wei-Jia Feng
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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14
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Zhu X, Ma J. Recent advances in the determination of phosphate in environmental water samples: Insights from practical perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Fang W, Shi X, Yang D, Hu X, Williams PN, Shi B, Liu Z, Luo J. In Situ Selective Measurement Based on Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique with Mercapto-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica for High-Resolution Imaging of Sb III in Soil. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3581-3588. [PMID: 31916433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In situ monitoring of Sb speciation improves the understanding of Sb biogeochemistry and toxicity in ecosystems. Precise measurement of Sb is a challenge due to its instability of oxidation and ultratrace concentration. The development of simple and reliable methods specific to SbIII measurement is not only appealing but essential for implementing regulations. Here, we present an in situ speciation analysis method for SbIII, using the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique, combined with mercapto-functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSBA). Laboratory performance tests confirmed MSBA-DGT uptake was independent of pH (4-9) and ionic strength (0.1-200 mmol L-1). DGT devices equipped with MSBA-based binding gels showed a theoretically linear accumulation of SbIII and exhibited a high capacity for SbIII at 65 μg/gel disc, with negligible accumulation of SbV over a 72 h deployment. Compared with commercial 3-mercaptopropyl-functionalized silica (MFS), the nanosized MSBA facilitate its even distribution in the binding gels. Furthermore, the good selectivity and high homogeneity of the MSBA gel enabled it to be applied in a rice rhizosphere in conjunction with AgI gel to investigate the effects of sulfur application on the SbIII solubility. In summary, the newly developed MSBA-DGT provides a selective measurement of SbIII, showing potential for environmental monitoring and further application in understanding the biogeochemical process of Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xinyao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Danxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Bingqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
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16
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Chang Y, Liu M, Liu J. Highly Selective Fluorescent Sensing of Phosphite through Recovery of Poisoned Nickel Oxide Nanozyme. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3118-3124. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Meng Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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17
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Deng H, Luo M, Shi X, Williams PN, Li K, Liu M, Fan W, Xiao T, Chen Y, Ma LQ, Luo J. In Situ Measurement of Thallium in Natural Waters by a Technique Based on Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Containing a δ-MnO2 Gel Layer. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1344-1352. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinyao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Paul N. Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Kexin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Lena Q. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Shi X, Fang W, Tang N, Williams PN, Hu X, Liu Z, Yin D, Ma LQ, Luo J. In Situ Selective Measurement of Se IV in Waters and Soils: Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Films with Bi-Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:14140-14148. [PMID: 30431268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The speciation of selenium (Se) controls its fate and behavior, determining both its biological and environmental activities. However, in situ monitoring of SeIV presents a significant challenge due to its sensitivity to redox change. A novel diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique containing mercapto-, amino-bifunctionalized SBA15 mesoporous silica nanoparticles was developed and evaluated in a series of laboratory and field deployment tests. The SBA-DGT exhibited a linear accumulation of SeIV ( r2 > 0.997) over a 72 h deployment, with negligible accumulation of SeVI(<5%). Consistent prediction of SeIV occurred within ionic strength and pH ranges of 0.1-200 mmol L-1 and 3.6-8, respectively. Limits of detection of the SBA-DGT were 0.03 μg SeIV L-1, which is suitable for natural waters. Moreover, the properties of the bifunctionalized SBA15 enable it to be fabricated within ultrathin (0.05 mm) gel layers for use in conjunction with O2 planar optode imaging. This new sandwich sensor technology with SBA-DGT was validated by mapping the two-dimensional distribution of SeIV and oxygen simultaneously in rice rhizospheres. This study shows that SBA-DGT provides a selective measurement of SeIV in situ, demonstrating its potential for both environmental monitoring and as a research tool for improving our understanding of Se biogeochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Ni Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 7BL , United Kingdom
| | - Xuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Zhaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Daixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
- Soil and Water Science Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
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19
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Guan DX, Li YQ, Yu NY, Yu GH, Wei S, Zhang H, Davison W, Cui XY, Ma LQ, Luo J. In situ measurement of perfluoroalkyl substances in aquatic systems using diffusive gradients in thin-films technique. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 144:162-171. [PMID: 30025267 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the environmental impact of ubiquitous perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in waters, reliable and robust measurement techniques are needed. As one of the most widely used passive sampling approaches, diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) is not only easy to handle but also provides time-weighted analyte concentrations. Based on DGT with XAD18 as a binding agent, we developed a new methodology to measure two frequently detected PFASs in surface waters and wastewaters, i.e. perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Their diffusion coefficients in the diffusive gel, measured using an independent diffusion cell, were 4.37 × 10-6 and 5.08 × 10-6 cm2 s-1 at 25 °C, respectively. DGT had a high capacity for PFOA and PFOS at 196 and 246 μg per gel disk, suggesting the DGT sampler was suitable for deployment of several weeks. Time-integrated concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in a natural lake and river, and a municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent using DGT samplers deployed in situ for 12-33 d were comparable to those measured by a solid-phase extraction method coupled with high-frequency grab sampling. This study demonstrates that DGT is an effective tool for in situ monitoring of PFASs in natural waters and wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Ya-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Nan-Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Guang-Hui Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Si Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - William Davison
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Xin-Yi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China.
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20
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Zou YT, Fang Z, Li Y, Wang R, Zhang H, Jones KC, Cui XY, Shi XY, Yin D, Li C, Liu ZD, Ma LQ, Luo J. Novel Method for in Situ Monitoring of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in Waters. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10016-10023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Runmei Wang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C. Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Xin-Yi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Daixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lena Q. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
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