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Chen X, Chen Y, Lin H, Liu Z, Peng C, Xu X, Jia J, Zhang M, Liu C. In situ and self-adaptive BOD bioreaction sensing system based on environmentally domesticated microbial populations. Talanta 2023; 261:124671. [PMID: 37201342 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is a water quality parameter of vital importance. Rapid BOD analysis methods have emerged to simplify the five-day BOD (BOD5) measurement protocol. However, their universal implementations are restricted by the tricky environmental matrix (including environmental microbes, contaminants, ionic compositions, etc.). Here, an in situ and self-adaptive BOD bioreaction sensing system consisting of a "gut-like" microfluidic coil bioreactor with self-renewed biofilm was proposed for the establishment of a rapid, resilient and reliable BOD determination method. With the spontaneous surface adhesion of environmental microbial populations, the biofilm was colonized in situ on the inner surface of the microfluidic coil bioreactor. Exploiting the environmental domestication during every real sample measurement, the biofilm was capable of self-renewal to adapt to the environmental changes and exhibited representative biodegradation behaviors. The aggregated abundant, adequate and adapted microbial populations in the BOD bioreactor rendered a total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate of 67.7% within a short hydraulic retention time of 99 s. As validated by an online BOD prototype, exceptional analytical performance was achieved in terms of reproducibility (relative standard deviation of 3.7%), survivability (inhibition by pH and metal ion interference of <20%) and accuracy (relative error of -5.9% to 9.7%). This work rediscovered the interactive effects of the environmental matrix on BOD assays and demonstrated an instructive attempt by making use of the environment to develop practical online BOD monitoring devices for water quality assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Yiyuan Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Huizhen Lin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Ziye Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Ci'en Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Mengchen Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Changyu Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
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Kim S, Quiroz-Arita C, Monroe EA, Siccardi A, Mitchell J, Huysman N, Davis RW. Application of attached algae flow-ways for coupling biomass production with the utilization of dilute non-point source nutrients in the Upper Laguna Madre, TX. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 191:116816. [PMID: 33476801 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the potential for an attached algae flow-way system to efficiently produce algal biomass in estuarine surface waters by utilizing dilute non-point source nutrients from local urban, industrial, and agricultural discharges into the Upper Laguna Madre, Corpus Christi, Texas. The study was conducted over the course of two years to establish seasonal base-line biomass productivity and composition for bioproducts applications, and to identify key environmental factors and flow-way cohorts impacting biomass production. For the entire cultivation period, continuous ash-free biomass production at 4 to 10 g/m2/day (corresponding to nutrient recovery at 300 to 500 mg of nitrogen/m2/day and 15 to 30 mg of phosphorus/m2/day) was successfully achieved without system restart. Upon start-up, a latency period was observed which indicates roles for species succession from relatively low productivity, high ash content pioneer periphytic culture composed primarily of benthic diatoms from the source waters to higher productivity, reduced ash content, and more resilient culture mainly composed of filamentous chlorophyta, Ulva lactuca. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify environmental factors driving biomass production, and machine learning (ML) models were constructed to assess the predictive capability of the data set for system performance using the local multi-season environmental variations. Environmental datasets were segregated for ML training, validation, and testing using three methods: regression tree, ensemble regression, and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The predicted ash-free biomass productivity using ML models resulted in root-squared-mean-errors (RSME) from 1.78 to 1.86 g/m2/day, and R2 values from 0.67 to 0.75 using different methods. The greatest contributor to net productivity was total solar irradiation, followed by air temperature, salinity, and pH. The results of the study should be useful as a decision-making tool to application of attached algae flow-ways for biomass production while preventing algal blooms in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwhan Kim
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, United States
| | - Carlos Quiroz-Arita
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, United States
| | - Eric A Monroe
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, United States
| | - Anthony Siccardi
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, 4324 Old Register Road, Statesboro, GA 30460, United States
| | - Jacqueline Mitchell
- Department of Fisheries and Mariculture, Texas A&M-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Dr., Corpus Christi, TX 78412, United States
| | - Nathan Huysman
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 100 Centeq Building A, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Ryan W Davis
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Security, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, United States.
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