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Liu Y, Zhou H, Wang J, Liu S, Xie GJ, Liu BF, Xing D. Regulatory Mechanisms of Quorum Sensing System of Bacteria in Response to Chlorine and Ozone Disinfection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38937254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Waterborne pathogens invariably present considerable threats to public health. The quorum sensing (QS) system is instrumental in coordinating bacterial growth and metabolisms. However, the responses and regulatory mechanisms of bacteria to various disinfection technologies through quorum sensing are still unclear. This study examines the inactivation effect of chlorination and ozonation on biofilms and planktonic cells of QS signaling-deficient mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cell counting and viability assessment revealed that the combined disinfection of chlorine and ozone was the most effective for inactivating planktonic P. aeruginosa within 10 min of exposure. Additionally, microfluidic chip culture demonstrated that the secretion of quinolone signals escalated biofilms' disinfection resistance. Disinfection exposure significantly altered the gene expression of wild-type strains and QS signaling-deficient mutants. Moreover, the QS system triggered multilayered gene expression programs as a responsive protection to disinfectant exposure, including oxidative stress, ribosome synthesis, and the nutrient absorption of bacteria. These insights broaden our understanding of bacterial QS in response to disinfection, promising potential strategies toward efficient disinfection processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Sitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
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Saleem F, Li E, Tran KL, Rudra B, Edge TA, Schellhorn HE, Gupta RS. Utilizing novel Escherichia coli-specific conserved signature proteins for enhanced monitoring of recreational water quality. Microbiologyopen 2024; 13:e1410. [PMID: 38682792 PMCID: PMC11057252 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli serves as a proxy indicator of fecal contamination in aquatic ecosystems. However, its identification using traditional culturing methods can take up to 24 h. The application of DNA markers, such as conserved signature proteins (CSPs) genes (unique to all species/strains of a specific taxon), can form the foundation for novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests that unambiguously identify and detect targeted bacterial taxa of interest. This paper reports the identification of three new highly-conserved CSPs (genes), namely YahL, YdjO, and YjfZ, which are exclusive to E. coli/Shigella. Using PCR primers based on highly conserved regions within these CSPs, we have developed quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for the evaluation of E. coli/Shigella species in water ecosystems. Both in-silico and experimental PCR testing confirmed the absence of sequence match when tested against other bacteria, thereby confirming 100% specificity of the tested CSPs for E. coli/Shigella. The qPCR assays for each of the three CSPs provided reliable quantification for all tested enterohaemorrhagic and environmental E. coli strains, a requirement for water testing. For recreational water samples, CSP-based quantification showed a high correlation (r > 7, p < 0.01) with conventional viable E. coli enumeration. This indicates that novel CSP-based qPCR assays for E. coli can serve as robust tools for monitoring water ecosystems and other critical areas, including food monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Saleem
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Enze Li
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Kevin L. Tran
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Bashudev Rudra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical SciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Thomas A. Edge
- Department of BiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Radhey S. Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical SciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
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Yang H, He D, Fan L, Cheng F, Zhou Y, Lei Y, Zhang YN, Yang X, Qu J. Evaluating the Impact of Cl 2•- Generation on Antibiotic-Resistance Contamination Removal via UV/Peroxydisulfate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5578-5588. [PMID: 38477971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) using sulfate anion radical (SO4•-)-based advanced oxidation processes has gained considerable attention recently. However, immense uncertainties persist in technology transfer. Particularly, the impact of dichlorine radical (Cl2•-) generation during SO4•--mediated disinfection on ARB/ARGs removal remains unclear, despite the Cl2•- concentration reaching levels notably higher than those of SO4•- in certain SO4•--based procedures applied to secondary effluents, hospital wastewaters, and marine waters. The experimental results of this study reveal a detrimental effect on the disinfection efficiency of tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli (Tc-ARB) during SO4•--mediated treatment owing to Cl2•- generation. Through a comparative investigation of the distinct inactivation mechanisms of Tc-ARB in the Cl2•-- and SO4•--mediated disinfection processes, encompassing various perspectives, we confirm that Cl2•- is less effective in inducing cellular structural damage, perturbing cellular metabolic activity, disrupting antioxidant enzyme system, damaging genetic material, and inducing the viable but nonculturable state. Consequently, this diminishes the disinfection efficiency of SO4•--mediated treatment owing to Cl2•- generation. Importantly, the results indicate that Cl2•- generation increases the potential risk associated with the dark reactivation of Tc-ARB and the vertical gene transfer process of tetracycline-resistant genes following SO4•--mediated disinfection. This study underscores the undesired role of Cl2•- for ARB/ARGs removal during the SO4•--mediated disinfection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Dongyang He
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Linyi Fan
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Fangyuan Cheng
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Yangjian Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
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Liang C, Lv H, Liu W, Wang Q, Yao X, Li X, Hu Z, Wang J, Zhu L, Wang J. Mechanism of the adverse outcome of Chlorella vulgaris exposure to diethyl phthalate: Water environmental health reflected by primary producer toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168876. [PMID: 38013100 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
As a ubiquitous contaminant in aquatic environments, diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a major threat to ecosystems because of its increasing utilization. However, the ecological responses to and toxicity mechanisms of DEP in aquatic organisms remain poorly understood. To address this environmental concern, we selected Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) as a model organism and investigated the toxicological effects of environmentally relevant DEP concentrations at the individual, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Results showed that the incorporation of DEP significantly inhibited the growth of C. vulgaris, with inhibition rates ranging from 10.3 % to 83.47 %, and disrupted intracellular chloroplast structure at the individual level, while the decrease in photosynthetic pigments, with inhibition rates ranging from 8.95 % to 73.27 %, and the imbalance of redox homeostasis implied an adverse effect of DEP at the physio-biochemical level. Furthermore, DEP significantly reduced the metabolic activity of algal cells and negatively altered the cell membrane integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, the apoptosis rate of algal cells presented a significant dose-effect relationship, which was mainly attributed to the fact that DEP pollutants regulated Ca2+ homeostasis and further increased the expression of Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3, which are associated with internal and external pathways. The gene transcriptional expression profile further revealed that DEP-mediated toxicity in C. vulgaris was mainly related to the destruction of the photosynthetic system, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, and DNA replication. Overall, this study offers constructive understandings for a comprehensive assessment of the toxicity risks posed by DEP to C. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunliu Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Huijuan Lv
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Wenrong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Yao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Zhuran Hu
- Shandong Green and Blue Bio-technology Co. Ltd, Tai'an, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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5
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Zhuang L, Gong J, Zhao Y, Yang J, Liu G, Zhao B, Song C, Zhang Y, Shen Q. Progress in methods for the detection of viable Escherichia coli. Analyst 2024; 149:1022-1049. [PMID: 38273740 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01750h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a prevalent enteric bacterium and a necessary organism to monitor for food safety and environmental purposes. Developing efficient and specific methods is critical for detecting and monitoring viable E. coli due to its high prevalence. Conventional culture methods are often laborious and time-consuming, and they offer limited capability in detecting potentially harmful viable but non-culturable E. coli in the tested sample, which highlights the need for improved approaches. Hence, there is a growing demand for accurate and sensitive methods to determine the presence of viable E. coli. This paper scrutinizes various methods for detecting viable E. coli, including culture-based methods, molecular methods that target DNAs and RNAs, bacteriophage-based methods, biosensors, and other emerging technologies. The review serves as a guide for researchers seeking additional methodological options and aiding in the development of rapid and precise assays. Moving forward, it is anticipated that methods for detecting E. coli will become more stable and robust, ultimately contributing significantly to the improvement of food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhuang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, P. R. China.
| | - Jiansen Gong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225125, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, P. R. China.
| | - Jianbo Yang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Guofang Liu
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Chunlei Song
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, P. R. China.
| | - Qiuping Shen
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
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Ye C, Chen C, Feng M, Ou R, Yu X. Emerging contaminants in the water environment: Disinfection-induced viable but non-culturable waterborne pathogens. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132666. [PMID: 37793257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection is essential for the control of waterborne pathogens (WPs), especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. WP can enter the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state to evade disinfection, seriously threatening water safety. VBNC WPs should be considered as an emerging contaminant to ensure a higher level of safety of the water environment. Here, this study systematically reviewed the water disinfection methods that could induce WPs into the VBNC state, and clarified the risks of different species of VBNC WPs in the relevant water environment. The physicochemical and physiological properties of VBNC cells (e.g., morphology, physiology, and resuscitation potential) were then evaluated to better understand their potential health risks. In addition, the dominant detection methods of VBNC WPs were discussed, and real-time and label-free technologies were recommended for the study of VBNC WPs in the aquatic environment. The possible mechanisms of formation and persistence at the genetic level were highlighted. It concluded that the VBNC state has a deeper level of dormancy than the persistent state, which is associated with the general stress response and stringent response systems, and its persistence is also associated with the active efflux of harmful substances. Finally, the current shortcomings and research perspectives of VBNC bacteria were summarized. This review provides new insights into the characteristics, detection methods, persistence mechanisms, and potential health risks of VBNC WPs induced by water disinfection processes, and also serves as a basis for microbial risk control in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengsong Ye
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chenclan Chen
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ranwen Ou
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Han C, Du S, Zhang W, Zhang D, Wen Z, Chai J, Zhao K, Sun S. Exploration of optimal disinfection model based on groundwater risk assessment in disinfection process. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 261:115107. [PMID: 37290298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Under the influence of different types of disinfectants and disinfection environments, the removal level of pathogens and the formation potential of disinfection by-products (DBPs) will have a dual impact on the groundwater environment. The key points for sustainable groundwater safety management are how to balance the positive and negative relationship and formulate a scientific disinfection model in combination with risk assessment. In this study, the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and peracetic acid (PAA) concentrations on pathogenic E. coli and DBPs were investigated using static-batch and dynamic-column experiments, as well as the optimal disinfection model for groundwater risk assessment was explored using quantitative microbial risk assessment and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) models. Compared to static disinfection, deposition and adsorption were the dominant factors causing E. coli migration at lower NaClO levels of 0-0.25 mg/L under dynamic state, while disinfection was its migration factor at higher NaClO levels of 0.5-6.5 mg/L. In contrast, E. coli removed by PAA was the result of the combined action of deposition, adsorption, and disinfection. The disinfection effects of NaClO and PAA on E. coli differed under dynamic and static conditions. At the same NaClO level, the health risk associated with E. coli in groundwater was higher, whereas, under the same PAA conditions, the health risk was lower. Under dynamic conditions, the optimal disinfectant dosage required for NaClO and PAA to reach the same acceptable risk level was 2 and 0.85 times (irrigation) or 0.92 times (drinking) of static disinfection, respectively. The results may help prevent the misuse of disinfectants and provide theoretical support for managing twin health risks posed by pathogens and DBPs in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Han
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shanghai Du
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Dayi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Juanfen Chai
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kaichao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Simiao Sun
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
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Current Perspectives on Viable but Non-Culturable Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061179. [PMID: 36981106 PMCID: PMC10048424 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne diseases caused by foodborne pathogens pose risks to food safety. Effective detection and efficient inactivation of pathogenic bacteria has always been a research hotspot in the field of food safety. Complicating these goals, bacteria can be induced to adopt a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state under adverse external environmental stresses. When in the VBNC state, pathogens cannot form visible colonies during traditional culture but remain metabolically active and toxic. The resulting false negative results in growth-related assays can jeopardize food safety. This review summarizes the latest research on VBNC foodborne pathogens, including induction conditions, detection methods, mechanism of VBNC formation, and possible control strategies. It is hoped that this review can provide ideas and methods for future research on VBNC foodborne pathogenic bacteria.
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Effect of preliminary stresses on the induction of viable but non-culturable Escherichia coli O157:H7 NCTC 12900 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112710. [PMID: 37087272 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
As a novel non-thermal pasteurization technology, high pressure carbon dioxide (HPCD) has been used in food processing. However, it could induce microorganisms into a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, posing a potential risk to food safety and public health. In this study, we attempted to investigate the effect of various preliminary stresses including cold, heat, osmosis, acidity and oxidation on HPCD-induced VBNC formation. The results indicated that there was no effect of preliminary stresses on VBNC Staphylococcus aureus induction. However, heat, acidity and long-term (24 h) cultivation preadaptation could significantly increase the VBNC E. coli production induced by HPCD. Transcriptome analysis revealed that genes involved in ATP production were significantly decreased in these three stress-treated cells, and further ATP levels determination revealed that the ATP levels of the cell were significantly decreased after heat, acidity and long-term cultivation preadaptation, implying the decrease of ATP level caused by these stresses might be the reason for increasing VBNC production. To further study the relationship between ATP level and VBNC cell ratios after preadaptation. We artificially decreased the ATP levels, and detect their VBNC ratios after HPCD treatment. We found that with the ATP concentration decreasing after exposure to carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazine (CCCP), the VBNC ratios were increased after HPCD treatment, indicating that the ATP contents were highly negatively correlated with VBNC ratios. This study proved that the preadaptation of heat, acidity and long-term cultivation could promote VBNC induction by decreasing the intracellular ATP level. In general, the obtained result gave the instruction about the storage environment for food materials, helped to further develop and optimize the HPCD processing to prevent VBNC formation and accelerate the development of HPCD technology in food industry.
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Liu L, Wang N, Laghari AA, Li H, Wang C, Zhao Z, Gao X, Zeng Q. A Review and Perspective of Environmental Disinfection Technology Based on Microwave Irradiation. CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2023; 9:46-59. [PMID: 36743476 PMCID: PMC9885074 DOI: 10.1007/s40726-022-00247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the context of COVID-19 sweeping the world, the development of microbial disinfection methods in gas, liquid, and solid media has received widespread attention from researchers. As a disinfection technology that can adapt to different environmental media, microwave-assisted disinfection has the advantages of strong permeability, no secondary pollution, etc. The purpose of this review is to put forward new development requirements for future microwave disinfection strategies by summarizing current microwave disinfection methods and effects. From the perspective of the interaction mechanism of microwave and microorganisms, this review provides a development direction for more accurate and microscopic disinfection mechanism research. RECENT FINDINGS Compared to other traditional environmental disinfection techniques, microwave-assisted disinfection means have the advantages of being more destructive, free of secondary contamination, and thorough. Currently, researchers generally agree that the efficiency of microwave disinfection is the result of a combination of thermal and non-thermal effects. However, the performance of microwave disinfection shows the differences in the face of different environmental media as well as different types of microorganisms. SUMMARY This review highlights the inactivation mechanism of microwave-assisted disinfection techniques used in different scenarios. Suggestions for promoting the efficiency and overcoming the limitations of low energy utilization, complex reactor design, and inaccurate monitoring methods are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Azhar Ali Laghari
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011 China
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11
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Wake Up! Resuscitation of Viable but Nonculturable Bacteria: Mechanism and Potential Application. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010082. [PMID: 36613298 PMCID: PMC9818539 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state is a survival strategy for bacteria when encountered with unfavorable conditions. Under favorable environments such as nutrient supplementation, external stress elimination, or supplementation with resuscitation-promoting substances, bacteria will recover from the VBNC state, which is termed "resuscitation". The resuscitation phenomenon is necessary for proof of VBNC existence, which has been confirmed in different ways to exclude the possibility of culturable-cell regrowth. The resuscitation of VBNC cells has been widely studied for the purpose of risk control of recovered pathogenic or spoilage bacteria. From another aspect, the resuscitation of functional bacteria can also be considered a promising field to explore. To support this point, the resuscitation mechanisms were comprehensively reviewed, which could provide the theoretical foundations for the application of resuscitated VBNC cells. In addition, the proposed applications, as well as the prospects for further applications of resuscitated VBNC bacteria in the food industry are discussed in this review.
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Zhang B, Fu Y, Wang F, Yang J, Pan Z, Huang M, Shen K, Shen C. Multidrug-resistant enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) enters dormant state during heat treatment: A potential hazard in municipal sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119312. [PMID: 35439600 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reuse of sewage sludge is a general trend and land application is an essential way to reuse sludge. The outbreak of coronavirus disease has raised concerns about human pathogens and their serious threat to public health. The risk of pathogenic bacterial contamination from land application of municipal sludge has not been well assessed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of pathogenic bacteria in municipal sewage sludge and to examine the survival potential of certain multidrug-resistant enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strain isolated from sewage sludge during heat treatment. The sewage sludge produced in the two wastewater treatment plants contained pathogenic bacteria such as pathogenic E. coli, Shigella flexneri, and Citrobacter freundii. The environmental strain of EAEC isolated from the sludge was resistant to eight types of antibiotics. It could also enter the dormant state after 4.5 h of treatment at 55 °C and regrow at 37 °C, while maintaining its antibiotic resistance. Our results indicate that the dormancy of EAEC might be why it is heat-resistant and could not be killed completely during the sludge heat treatment process. Owing to the regrowth of the dormant pathogenic bacteria, it is risky to apply the sludge to land even if the sludge is heat-treated, and there is also a risk of spreading antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingni Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yulong Fu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feiyu Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiawen Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Grande Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Zhiyu Pan
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meiling Huang
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kewei Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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He Q, Liu Y, Liu D, Guo M. Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches unveils the molecular mechanism of membrane disintegration in Escherichia coli O157:H7 with ultrasonic treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148366. [PMID: 34139494 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic disinfection in wastewater treatment has been studied for years at the phenotypic level, while the understanding of the molecular inactivation mechanism is still not clear. Here, the responses of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to ultrasound treatment were investigated using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and tandem mass tags (TMT) based quantitative proteomics methods. The analyses revealed that 770 genes and 201 proteins were significantly changed upon ultrasound treatment. Moreover, the integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses uncovered a set of 59 genes or proteins were differentially expressed in ultrasound-treated cells, providing an overview of the cellular responses to ultrasonic field. According to the bioinformatic analyses, genes and proteins that may be involved in lipid asymmetry preservation and outer membrane homeostasis maintenance (including phospholipid metabolism, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and transport, and fatty acid metabolism) were specifically up-regulated. Therefore, we proposed that the metabolism disorder of cellular membrane lipids (lipopolysaccharide, phospholipid, and fatty acid included) was one of the main challenges for the bacteria upon ultrasonic stress. In this study, we initially proposed a novel mechanism regarding the ultrasound-induced membrane disintegration from a multi-omics perspective, which may present an important step toward deciphering the molecular inactivation mechanism of ultrasonic field and provide a theoretical foundation for the application of ultrasound technology for the control of waterborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Mingming Guo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Han Z, Lu J, An W, Zhang Y, Yang M. Removal efficacy of opportunistic pathogen gene markers in drinking water supply systems: an in situ and large-scale molecular investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:54153-54160. [PMID: 34389952 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and interactions with biofilm and disinfectant of opportunistic pathogens in drinking water supply systems (DWSSs) have been extensively interpreted. In contrast, the large geographical distribution and in situ removal of opportunistic pathogens are overlooked aspects. Here, paired source and tap water samples of 36 parallel DWSSs across China were collected, with five common waterborne pathogens characterized by qPCR. From source to tap, the removal of bacterial biomass (16S rRNA gene copy number) was 1.10 log, and gene marker removal of five opportunistic pathogens ranged from 0.66 log to 2.27 log, with the order of Escherichia coli > Mycobacterium spp. > Clostridium perfringens > Bacillus cereus > Aeromonas hydrophila. Different with bacterial community, geographical location and source water types (river or reservoir) were not key contributor to variation of opportunistic pathogens. Gene marker removal efficacies of E. coli, Mycobacterium spp., and C. perfringens from source to tap were restricted to removal efficacy of overall bacterial biomass, while abundance of B. cereus in tap water linked to the input of B. cereus from source water. Although culture-dependent approach is important for pathogen enumeration in drinking water, qPCR-based molecular survey shows advantages of quantifiable high-throughput and easy operation, providing abundant and timely information on pathogen occurrence in water. This study provides the in situ, molecular-level evidence toward differential propagation features of multiple opportunistic pathogens in DWSSs and suggests the source protection and early warning of treatment-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wei An
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Min Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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