1
|
Liu F, Xue H, Kang T, Lei Q, Chen J, Zuo Z, Han B, Lu X, Yang X, Shan X, Song X, Zhang Q, Yin Y, Cai Y. Efficient photodegradation of perfluoroalkyl substances under visible light by hexagonal ZnIn 2S 4 nanosheets. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 148:116-125. [PMID: 39095150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are typical persistent organic pollutants, and their removal is urgently required but challenging. Photocatalysis has shown potential in PFASs degradation due to the redox capabilities of photoinduced charge carriers in photocatalysts. Herein, hexagonal ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) nanosheets were synthesized by a one-pot oil bath method and were well characterized by a series of techniques. In the degradation of sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS), one kind of representative PFASs, the as-synthesized ZIS showed activity superior to P25 TiO2 under both simulated sunlight and visible-light irradiation. The good photocatalytic performance was attributed to the enhanced light absorption and facilitated charge separation. The pH conditions were found crucial in the photocatalytic process by influencing the OBS adsorption on the ZIS surface. Photogenerated e- and h+ were the main active species involved in OBS degradation in the ZIS system. This work confirmed the feasibility and could provide mechanistic insights into the degradation and defluorination of PFASs by visible-light photocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyu Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tingshuo Kang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qiupei Lei
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiazhe Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhihong Zuo
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bin Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xize Lu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiangcheng Shan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoyang Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qingzhe Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, A301 Virtual University Park in South District, Shenzhen 518057, China.
| | - Yongguang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10085, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao CS, Wang J, Yang L, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhu L. A review on the advancement in photocatalytic degradation of poly/perfluoroalkyl substances in water: Insights into the mechanisms and structure-function relationship. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174137. [PMID: 38909806 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Poly/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants and ubiquitous in aquatic environment, which are hazardous to organisms and human health. Several countries and regions have taken actions to regulate or limit the production and emission of some PFAS. Even though a series of water treatment technologies have been developed for removal of PFAS to eliminate their potential adverse effects, the removal and degradation performance are usually unsatisfactory. Photocatalytic degradation of PFAS is considered as one of the most effective approaches due to the mild operation conditions and environmental friendliness. This review systematically summarized the recent advances in photocatalytic degradation of PFAS based on heterogeneous photocatalysts, including TiO2-, Ga2O3-, In2O3-, ZnO-, Bi-based, and others. Overall, two mainly degradation mechanisms were involved, including photo-oxidation (involving the holes and oxidative radicals) and photo-reduction types (by e- and reductive radicals). The band structures of the photocatalysts, degradation pathways, structure-function relationship, and impacting factors were further discussed to elucidate the essential reasons for the enhanced degradation of PFAS. Furthermore, the review identified the major knowledge gaps to solve the issues of photocatalysis in real application. This paper also propounded several strategies to promote the design and optimization of high-efficient photocatalysts, and meet the challenges to remove PFAS through photodegradation technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Shuai Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yinqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeng Y, Dai Y, Yin L, Huang J, Hoffmann MR. Rethinking alternatives to fluorinated pops in aqueous environment and corresponding destructive treatment strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174200. [PMID: 38936705 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Alternatives are being developed to replace fluorinated persistent organic pollutants (POPs) listed in the Stockholm Convention, bypass environmental regulations, and overcome environmental risks. However, the extensive usage of fluorinated POPs alternatives has revealed potential risks such as high exposure levels, long-range transport properties, and physiological toxicity. Therefore, it is imperative to rethink the alternatives and their treatment technologies. This review aims to consider the existing destructive technologies for completely eliminating fluorinated POPs alternatives from the earth based on the updated classification and risks overview. Herein, the types of common alternatives were renewed and categorized, and their risks to the environment and organisms were concluded. The efficiency, effectiveness, energy utilization, sustainability, and cost of various degradation technologies in the treatment of fluorinated POPs alternatives were reviewed and evaluated. Meanwhile, the reaction mechanisms of different fluorinated POPs alternatives are systematically generalized, and the correlation between the structure of alternatives and the degradation characteristics was discussed, providing mechanistic insights for their removal from the environment. Overall, the review supplies a theoretical foundation and reference for the control and treatment of fluorinated POPs alternatives pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Yunrong Dai
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Lifeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Michael R Hoffmann
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lai Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Duan A. Kinetics and mechanism analysis of advanced oxidation degradation of PFOA/PFOS by UV/Fe 3+ and persulfate: A DFT study. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141951. [PMID: 38626815 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
UV/Fe3+ and persulfate are two promising advanced oxidative degradation systems for in situ remediation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), yet a lack of comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms. For the first time, we used density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the entire reaction pathways of the degradation of PFOA/PFOS in water by UV/Fe3+ and persulfate. In addition, we have deeply explored the different attack pathways driven by •OH and SO4-•, and found that SO4-• determines PFOA/PFOS to obtain PFOA/PFOS free radicals through single electron transfer to initiate the degradation reaction, while •OH determines the speed of PFOA/PFOS degradation reaction. Both degradation reactions were thermodynamically advantageous and kinetically feasible under calculated conditions. Based on the thermodynamic data, persulfate was found to be more favorable for the advanced oxidative degradation of Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Moreover, for SO4-• and •OH co-existing in the persulfate system, pH will affect the presence and concentration of these two types of free radicals, and low pH is not necessary for the degradation of PFOA/PFOS in the persulfate system. These results can considerably advance our understanding of the PFOA/PFOS degradation process in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which is driven by •OH and SO4-•. This study provides a DFT calculation process for the mechanism calculation of advanced oxidation degradation of other types of PFCs pollutants, hoping to elucidate the future development of PFCs removal. Further research should focus on determining the advanced oxidation degradation pathways of other types of PFCs, to support the development of computational studies on the advanced oxidation degradation of PFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineer of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Abing Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu Q, Sun Y, Luo Z, Li X, Wen Y, Shi Y, Wu X, Huang X, Zhu Y, Huang C. Application and development of zero-valent iron (ZVI)-based materials for environmental remediation: A scientometric and visualization analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117659. [PMID: 37980989 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron (ZVI)-based materials are among the most widely used engineered particles in the field of environmental remediation. To provide a comprehensive overview of the status and trend of the research on them, this study conducted a quantitative and visual analysis of 6296 relevant publications obtained from Web of Science between 1994 and 2022 using CiteSpace software. By using the bibliometric method, this work systematically analyzed the knowledge structure, research hotspots and trends of ZVI-based materials in this field. The results show that the research on ZVI-based materials in this field developed rapidly over the past 28 years. China is the greatest contributor with the most published articles and collaborations. Still, the USA has the most academic influence with the highest average citations per article. Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tongji University are the primary establishments that produced the greatest number of publications and had the highest h-index. Keyword cluster analysis indicates that the primary research topics are related to reductive dechlorination, sulfate radical, arsenic removal, graphene oxide, porous media, peroxymonosulfate, groundwater remediation, and permeable reactive barrier. Meanwhile, keyword burst analysis reveals that the primary research hotspots and frontiers of ZVI focus on its modification, the refractory and emerging contaminants treatment, persulfate activation, and electron transfer. However, no keywords or topics related to the environmental impact and toxicity of ZVI-based materials are available in the keyword clustering and burst analysis results, indicating this direction deserves more attention in future research. Through a comprehensive and in-depth bibliometric analysis, this paper provides new insight into the research hotspots and development trends of the research on ZVI-based materials in environmental remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yijie Sun
- China Offshore Environmental Services Ltd., Tianjin, 300452, China
| | - Zijing Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yi Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yuning Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xuejia Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xinni Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yiyan Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liang J, Guo L, Xiang B, Wang X, Tang J, Liu Y. Research Updates on the Mechanism and Influencing Factors of the Photocatalytic Degradation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in Water Environments. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114489. [PMID: 37298966 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid is ubiquitous in water bodies and is detrimental to the health of organisms. Effectively removing perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a persistent organic pollutant, has been a hot topic around the world. With traditional physical, chemical, and biological methods, it is difficult to effectively and completely remove PFOA, the costs are high, and it is easy to cause secondary pollution. There are difficulties in applying some technologies. Therefore, more efficient and green degradation technologies have been sought. Photochemical degradation has been shown to be a low-cost, efficient, and sustainable technique for PFOA removal from water. Photocatalytic degradation technology offers great potential and prospects for the efficient degradation of PFOA. Most studies on PFOA have been conducted under ideal laboratory conditions at concentrations that are higher than those detected in real wastewater. This paper summarizes the research status of the photo-oxidative degradation of PFOA, and it summarizes the mechanism and kinetics of PFOA degradation in different systems, as well as the influence of key factors on the photo-oxidative degradation and defluoridation process, such as system pH, photocatalyst concentration, etc. PFOA photodegradation technology's existing problems and future work directions are also presented. This review provides a useful reference for future research on PFOA pollution control technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, 47 Zhonghua Road, Xihe District, Fuxin 123000, China
| | - Lingling Guo
- Microbial Research Institute of Liaoning Province, Chaoyang 122000, China
| | - Biao Xiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, 47 Zhonghua Road, Xihe District, Fuxin 123000, China
| | - Xueyi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, 47 Zhonghua Road, Xihe District, Fuxin 123000, China
| | - Jiaxi Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, 47 Zhonghua Road, Xihe District, Fuxin 123000, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, 47 Zhonghua Road, Xihe District, Fuxin 123000, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Y, Lv L, Yang L, He L, Chen Y, Wu L, Zhang Z. Boosting degradation and defluorination efficiencies of PFBS in a vacuum-ultraviolet/S(Ⅳ) process with iodide involvement. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137531. [PMID: 36509188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) is considered to be a promising alternative of perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS), while it is also hazardous. The UV/S (Ⅳ) system has been confirmed to be effective for PFOS removal from water, while it is inefficient for PFBS decomposition. A hybrid vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV)/S (Ⅳ)/KI process was investigated for the degradation of PFBS in aqueous solution. With KI involvement, the degradation rate of PFBS was boosted from 1.8802 μg h-1 up to 3.5818 μg h-1 in the VUV/S (Ⅳ) process. Alkaline conditions significantly increased the degradation efficiency of PFBS, which can be explained that S (Ⅳ) was dominated by SO32- rather than HSO3- and H2SO3 in alkaline conditions. Cl-, HCO3-, NO3-, NO2-, and HA would inhibit the performance of the VUV/S (Ⅳ)/KI process via various reactions. In addition, the toxicity of PFBS was significantly reduced by the VUV/S (Ⅳ)/KI process. Even in actual waters, the VUV/S (Ⅳ)/KI process also presented a satisfying performance in the degradation of PFBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Lixin Lv
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Lie Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Liuyang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Li Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zulin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, ABI5 8QH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao Y, Zhang C, Chu L, Zhou Q, Huang B, Ji R, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Hydrated electron based photochemical processes for water treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119212. [PMID: 36223677 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrated electron (eaq-) based photochemical processes have emerged as a promising technology for contaminant removal in water due to the mild operating conditions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date summary on eaq- based photochemical processes for the decomposition of various oxidative contaminants. Specifically, the characteristics of different photo-reductive systems are first elaborated, including the environment required to generate sufficient eaq-, the advantages and disadvantages of each system, and the comparison of the degradation efficiency of contaminants induced by eaq-. In addition, the identification methods of eaq- (e.g., laser flash photolysis, scavenging studies, chemical probes and electron spin resonance techniques) are summarized, and the influences of operating conditions (e.g., solution pH, dissolved oxygen, source chemical concentration and UV type) on the performance of contaminants are also discussed. Considering the complexity of contaminated water, particular attention is paid to the influence of water matrix (e.g., coexisting anions, alkalinity and humic acid). Moreover, the degradation regularities of various contaminants (e.g., perfluorinated compounds, disinfection by-products and nitrate) by eaq- are summarized. We finally put forward several research prospects for the decomposition of contaminants by eaq- based photochemical processes to promote their practical application in water treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Chaojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Liquan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Baorong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Ruixin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu F, Guan X, Xiao F. Photodegradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water: A review of fundamentals and applications. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129580. [PMID: 35905606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent, mobile, and toxic chemicals that are hazardous to human health and the environment. Several countries, including the United States, plan to set an enforceable maximum contamination level for certain PFAS compounds in drinking water sources. Among the available treatment options, photocatalytic treatment is promising for PFAS degradation and mineralization in the aqueous solution. In this review, recent advances in the abatement of PFAS from water using photo-oxidation and photo-reduction are systematically reviewed. Degradation mechanisms of PFAS by photo-oxidation involving the holes (hvb+) and oxidative radicals and photo-reduction using the electrons (ecb-) and hydrated electrons (eaq-) are integrated. The recent development of innovative heterogeneous photocatalysts and photolysis systems for enhanced degradation of PFAS is highlighted. Photodegradation mechanisms of alternative compounds, such as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX) and chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B), are also critically evaluated. This paper concludes by identifying major knowledge gaps and some of the challenges that lie ahead in the scalability and adaptability issues of photocatalysis for natural water treatment. Development made in photocatalysts design and system optimization forges a path toward sustainable treatment of PFAS-contaminated water through photodegradation technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Liu
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of North Dakota, 243 Centennial Drive Stop 8115, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qi Y, Cao H, Pan W, Wang C, Liang Y. The role of dissolved organic matter during Per- and Polyfluorinated Substance (PFAS) adsorption, degradation, and plant uptake: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129139. [PMID: 35605500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The negative effects of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on the environment and health have recently attracted much attention. This article reviews the influence of soil- and water-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the environmental fate of PFAS. In addition to being co-adsorped with PFAS to increase the adsorption capacity, DOM competes with PFAS for adsorption sites on the surface of the material, thereby reducing the removal rate of PFAS or increasing water solubility, which facilitates desorption of PFAS in the soil. It can quench some active species and inhibit the degradation of PFAS. In contrast, before DOM in water self-degrades, DOM has a greater promoting effect on the degradation of PFAS because DOM can complex with iron, iodine, among others, and act as an electron shuttle to enhance electron transfer. In soil aggregates, DOM can prevent microorganisms from being poisoned by direct exposure to PFAS. In addition, DOM increases the desorption of PFAS in plant root soil, affecting its bioavailability. In general, DOM plays a bidirectional role in adsorption, degradation, and plant uptake of PFAS, which depends on the types and functional groups of DOM. It is necessary to enhance the positive role of DOM in reducing the environmental risks posed by PFAS. In future, attention should be paid to the DOM-induced reduction of PFAS and development of a green and efficient continuous defluorination technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weijie Pan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Facile Synthesis and Environmental Applications of Noble Metal-Based Catalytic Membrane Reactors. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticle-loaded catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs) have emerged as a promising method for water decontamination. In this study, we proposed a convenient and green strategy to prepare gold nanoparticle (Au NPs)-loaded CMRs. First, the redox-active substrate membrane (CNT-MoS2) composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was prepared by an impregnation method. Water-diluted Au(III) precursor (HAuCl4) was then spontaneously adsorbed on the CNT-MoS2 membrane only through filtration and reduced into Au(0) nanoparticles in situ, which involved a “adsorption–reduction” process between Au(III) and MoS2. The constructed CNT-MoS2@Au membrane demonstrated excellent catalytic activity and stability, where a complete 4-nitrophenol transformation can be obtained within a hydraulic residence time of <3.0 s. In addition, thanks to the electroactivity of CNT networks, the as-designed CMR could also be applied to the electrocatalytic reduction of bromate (>90%) at an applied voltage of −1 V. More importantly, by changing the precursors, one could further obtain the other noble metal-based CMR (e.g., CNT-MoS2@Pd) with superior (electro)catalytic activity. This study provided new insights for the rational design of high-performance CMRs toward various environmental applications.
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen Y, Bhati M, Walls BW, Wang B, Wong MS, Senftle TP. Mechanistic Insight into the Photo-Oxidation of Perfluorocarboxylic Acid over Boron Nitride. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8942-8952. [PMID: 35617117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) can photocatalytically oxidize and degrade perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCA), a common member of the per/polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) family of water contaminants. However, the reaction mechanism governing PFCA activation on hBN is not yet understood. Here, we apply electronic grand canonical density functional theory (GC-DFT) to assess the thermodynamic and kinetic favorability of PFCA photo-oxidative activation on hBN: CnF2n+1COO- + h+ → CnF2n+1· + CO2. The oxidation of all PFCA chains is exothermic under illumination with a moderate barrier. However, the longer-chain PFCAs are degraded more effectively because they adsorb on the surface more strongly as a result of increased van der Waals interactions with the hBN surface. The ability of hBN to act as a photocatalyst is unexpected because of its wide band gap. Therefore, we apply both theoretical and experimental analyses to examine possible defects on hBN that could account for its activity. We find that a nitrogen-boron substitutional defect (NB), which generates a mid-gap state, can enhance UVC (ultraviolet C) absorption and PFCA oxidation. This work provides insight into the PFCA oxidation mechanism and reveals engineering strategies to design better photocatalysts for PFCA degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Manav Bhati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Benjamin W Walls
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Michael S Wong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Thomas P Senftle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu X, Zhu C, Yin J, Li J, Zhang Z, Li J, Shui F, You Z, Shi Z, Li B, Bu XH, Nafady A, Ma S. Installation of synergistic binding sites onto porous organic polymers for efficient removal of perfluorooctanoic acid. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2132. [PMID: 35440580 PMCID: PMC9019033 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a strategy to construct highly efficient perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) adsorbents by installing synergistic electrostatic/hydrophobic sites onto porous organic polymers (POPs). The constructed model material of PAF-1-NDMB (NDMB = N,N-dimethyl-butylamine) demonstrates an exceptionally high PFOA uptake capacity over 2000 mg g-1, which is 14.8 times enhancement compared with its parent material of PAF-1. And it is 32.0 and 24.1 times higher than benchmark materials of DFB-CDP (β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-based polymer network) and activated carbon under the same conditions. Furthermore, PAF-1-NDMB exhibits the highest k2 value of 24,000 g mg-1 h-1 among all reported PFOA sorbents. And it can remove 99.99% PFOA from 1000 ppb to <70 ppt within 2 min, which is lower than the advisory level of Environmental Protection Agency of United States. This work thus not only provides a generic approach for constructing PFOA adsorbents, but also develops POPs as a platform for PFOA capture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongli Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Changjia Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas 1508W Mulberry St, Denton, TX, 76201, USA
| | - Jun Yin
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jinli Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Feng Shui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zifeng You
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Baiyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, TKL of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Ayman Nafady
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas 1508W Mulberry St, Denton, TX, 76201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang J, Zhang H, Liu X, Cui F, Zhao Z. Efficient reductive and oxidative decomposition of haloacetic acids by the vacuum-ultraviolet/sulfite system. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 210:117974. [PMID: 35032895 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Haloacetic acids (HAAs), as a representative category of halogenated disinfection byproducts, are widely detected in disinfected water. In this work, the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)/sulfite process under N2 saturated conditions was proposed to eliminate a series of HAAs (i.e., monochloroacetic acid (MCAA), difluoroacetic acid (DFAA), trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA), etc.). The in situ generated hydrated electron (eaq-) demonstrated to be the main species to fulfill the initial degradation and dechlorination of MCAA, while hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) were in charge of the mineralization of MCAA. This means that the VUV/sulfite system is a combination of advanced reduction and oxidation processes (ARPs and AOPs). A significant enhancement of MCAA removal was observed with increasing pH values from 6.0 to 10.0, and surprisingly, kobs correlated well with the proportion of SO32- as the pH changed. This can be explained by the production of eaq- from VUV irradiation of SO32- rather than HSO3- and also due to eaq- being more stable under alkaline conditions. Increasing the sulfite dosage also elevated the degradation of MCAA. However, the addition of certain anions (i.e., chloride (Cl-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), and nitrate (NO3-)) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) inhibited the removal of MCAA to varying degrees. The VUV/sulfite system was effective toward various types of halogenated disinfection byproducts, supporting its broad applicability. Nevertheless, even in real waters, the VUV/sulfite system was also promising for the simultaneous abatement of HAAs and other oxyanions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China
| | - Honglong Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China
| | - Fuyi Cui
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang X, Chen Z, Wang Y, Sun W. A review on degradation of perfluorinated compounds based on ultraviolet advanced oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118014. [PMID: 34517179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), as emerging persistent pollutants, can exist for a long time in the environment due to their high stability. PFCs have been detected in drinking water, wastewater, and the human body. Studies have shown that PFCs pose a threat to human health and the ecological environment, which is expected to be listed in new drinking water regulations. Traditional processes, including coagulation, biological filtration, chlorination, ozonolysis, and ultraviolet light have ineffective removal efficiency on PFCs; however, advanced oxidation processes (AOP) based on ultraviolet (UV) light have good application prospects for the removal of PFCs. This study provides an overview of the removal of PFCs by UV-based AOPs; systematically introduces the research status of various UV-based AOPs from the perspectives of degradation pathways, degradation efficiency, influencing factors, formation of by-products; and comprehensively compares these different UV-based AOPs. Finally, the limitations of existing research and future research needs are discussed. This review aims to provide an overview for a better understanding of the degradation status and prospects of UV-based AOPs for the degradation of PFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Zhongyun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yonglei Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215163, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
He H, Li Y, Shen R, Shim H, Zeng Y, Zhao S, Lu Q, Mai B, Wang S. Environmental occurrence and remediation of emerging organohalides: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118060. [PMID: 34479159 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As replacements for "old" organohalides, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), "new" organohalides have been developed, including decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), and perfluorobutyrate (PFBA). In the past decade, these emerging organohalides (EOHs) have been extensively produced as industrial and consumer products, resulting in their widespread environmental distribution. This review comprehensively summarizes the environmental occurrence and remediation methods for typical EOHs. Based on the data collected from 2015 to 2021, these EOHs are widespread in both abiotic (e.g., dust, air, soil, sediment, and water) and biotic (e.g., bird, fish, and human serum) matrices. A significant positive correlation was found between the estimated annual production amounts of EOHs and their environmental contamination levels, suggesting the prohibition of both production and usage of EOHs as a critical pollution-source control strategy. The strengths and weaknesses, as well as the future prospects of up-to-date remediation techniques, such as photodegradation, chemical oxidation, and biodegradation, are critically discussed. Of these remediation techniques, microbial reductive dehalogenation represents a promising in situ remediation method for removal of EOHs, such as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haozheng He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Shen
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hojae Shim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yanhong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Siyan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qihong Lu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shanquan Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Reductive and Oxidative UV Degradation of PFAS—Status, Needs and Future Perspectives. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13223185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) consist of a group of environmentally persistent, toxic and bio-accumulative organic compounds of industrial origin that are widely present in water and wastewater. Despite restricted use due to current regulations on their use, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) remain the most commonly detected long-chain PFAS. This article reviews UV-based oxidative and reductive studies for the degradation of PFAS. Most of the UV-based processes studied at lab-scale include low pressure mercury lamps (emitting at 254 and 185 nm) with some studies using medium pressure mercury lamps (200–400 nm). A critical evaluation of the findings is made considering the degradation of PFAS, the impact of water quality conditions (pH, background ions, organics), types of oxidizing/reducing species, and source of irradiation with emphasis given to mechanisms of degradation and reaction by-products. Research gaps related to understanding of the factors influencing oxidative and reductive defluorination, impact of co-existing ions from the perspective of complexation with PFAS, and post-treatment toxicity are highlighted. The review also provides an overview of future perspectives regarding the challenges in relation to the current knowledge gaps, and future needs.
Collapse
|
18
|
Deng Y, Liang Z, Lu X, Chen D, Li Z, Wang F. The degradation mechanisms of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) by different chemical methods: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131168. [PMID: 34182635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of artificial compounds comprised of a perfluoroalkyl main chain and a terminal functional group. With them being applied in a wide range of applications, PFASs have drawn increasing regulatory attention and research interests on their reductions and treatments due to their harmful effects on environment and human beings. Among numerous studies, chemical treatments (e.g., photochemical, electrochemical, and thermal technologies) have been proved to be important methods to degradation PFASs. However, the pathways and mechanisms for the degradation of PFASs through these chemical methods still have not been well documented. This article therefore provides a comprehensive review on the degradation mechanisms of two important PFASs (perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS)) with photochemical, electrochemical and thermal methods. Different decomposition mechanisms of PFOA and PFOS are reviewed and discussed. Overall, the degradation pathways of PFASs are associated closely with their head groups and chain lengths, and H/F exchange and chain shortening were found to be predominant degradation mechanisms. The clear study on the degradation mechanisms of PFOA and PFOS should be very useful for the complete degradation or mineralization of PFASs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Deng
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhihong Liang
- The Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510611, China
| | - Xingwen Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li YW, Ma WL. Photocatalytic oxidation technology for indoor air pollutants elimination: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130667. [PMID: 34162075 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As more people are spending the majority of their daily lives indoors, indoor air quality has been acknowledged as an important factor influencing human health, with increasing research attention in recent decades. Indoor air pollutants (IAPs), such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), can cause acute irritation and chronic diseases. Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) technology is an efficient approach for eliminating IAPs. In this review, the development of PCO technology was explained and discussed to promote future development of PCO technology for IAP elimination. First, the health effects and the measured concentrations of typical VOCs and SVOCs in indoor environments worldwide were briefly introduced. Subsequently, the development and limitations of some typical photocatalytic reactors (including packed-bed reactors, monolithic reactors, optical fiber reactors, and microreactors) were summarized and compared. Then, the influences of operating parameters (including initial concentration of contaminants, relative humidity, space velocity, light source and intensity, catalyst support materials, and immobilization method) and the degradation pathways as well as intermediates of PCO technology were elucidated. Finally, the possible challenges and future development directions regarding PCO technology for IAP elimination were critically proposed and addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Wan-Li Ma
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Light-Induced Advanced Oxidation Processes as PFAS Remediation Methods: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PFAS substances, which have been under investigation in recent years, are certainly some of the most critical emerging contaminants. Their presence in drinking water, correlated with diseases, is consistently being confirmed by scientific studies in the academic and health sectors. With the aim of developing new technologies to mitigate the water contamination problem, research activity based on advanced oxidation processes for PFAS dealkylation and subsequent mineralization is active. While UV radiation could be directly employed for decontamination, there are nevertheless considerable problems regarding its use, even from a large-scale perspective. In contrast, the use of cheap, robust, and green photocatalytic materials active under near UV-visible radiation shows interesting prospects. In this paper we take stock of the health problems related to PFAS, and then provide an update on strategies based on the use of photocatalysts and the latest findings regarding reaction mechanisms. Finally, we detail some brief considerations in relation to the economic aspects of possible solutions.
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu B, Liu S, Zhou JL, Zheng C, Weifeng J, Chen B, Zhang T, Qiu W. PFAS and their substitutes in groundwater: Occurrence, transformation and remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125159. [PMID: 33951855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are increasingly investigated due to their global occurrence and potential human health risk. The ban on PFOA and PFOS has led to the use of novel substitutes such as GenX, F-53B and OBS. This paper reviews the studies on the occurrence, transformation and remediation of major PFAS i.e. PFOA, PFNA, PFBA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFBS and the three substitutes in groundwater. The data indicated that PFOA, PFBA, PFOS and PFBS were present at high concentrations up to 21,200 ng L-1 while GenX and F-53B were found up to 30,000 ng L-1 and 0.18-0.59 ng L-1, respectively. PFAS in groundwater are from direct sources e.g. surface water and soil. PFAS remediation methods based on membrane, redox, sorption, electrochemical and photocatalysis are analyzed. Overall, photocatalysis is considered to be an ideal technology with low cost and high degradation efficacy for PFAS removal. Photocatalysis could be combined with electrochemical or membrane filtration to become more advantageous. GenX, F-53B and OBS in groundwater treatment by UV/sulfite system and electrochemical oxidation proved effective. The review identified gaps such as the immobilization and recycling of materials in groundwater treatment, and recommended visible light photocatalysis for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bentuo Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Research Institute of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Chunmiao Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jin Weifeng
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361013, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|