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Kang M, Le VV, Ko SR, Chun SJ, Choi DY, Shin Y, Kim K, Baek SH, Ahn CY. Effect of rainfall in shaping microbial community during Microcystis bloom in Nakdong River, Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172482. [PMID: 38621529 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Various environmental factors play a role in the formation and collapse of Microcystis blooms. This study investigates the impact of heavy rainfall on cyanobacterial abundance, microbial community composition, and functional dynamics in the Nakdong River, South Korea, during typical and exceptionally rainy years. The results reveal distinct responses to rainfall variations, particularly in cyanobacterial dominance and physicochemical characteristics. In 2020, characterized by unprecedented rainfall from mid-July to August, Microcystis blooms were interrupted significantly, exhibiting lower cell densities and decreased water temperature, compared to normal bloom patterns in 2019. Moreover, microbial community composition varied, with increases in Gammaproteobacteria and notably in genera of Limnohabitans and Fluviicola. These alterations in environmental conditions and bacterial community were similar to those of the post-bloom period in late September 2019. It shows that heavy rainfall during summer leads to changes in environmental factors, consequently causing shifts in bacterial communities akin to those observed during the autumn-specific post-bloom period in typical years. These changes also accompany shifts in bacterial functions, primarily involved in the degradation of organic matter such as amino acids, fatty acids, and terpenoids, which are assumed to have been released due to the significant collapse of cyanobacteria. Our results demonstrate that heavy rainfall in early summer induces changes in the environmental factors and subsequently microbial communities and their functions, similar to those of the post-bloom period in autumn, leading to the earlier breakdown of Microcystis blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyeong Kang
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ve Van Le
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Ko
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Chun
- LMO Research Team, National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon 33657, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yun Choi
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Shin
- Water Quality Assessment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghyun Kim
- Water Quality Assessment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- Ecological Risk Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Qiu X, Luo J, Li H, How SW, Wu D, He J, Cheng Z, Gao Y, Lu H. A review of the phosphorus removal of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms in natural and engineered systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169103. [PMID: 38065508 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Increasing eutrophication has led to a continuous deterioration of many aquatic ecosystems. Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) can provide insight into the human response to this challenge, as they initiate enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) through cyclical anaerobic phosphorus release and aerobic phosphorus uptake. Although the limiting environmental factors for PAO growth and phosphorus removal have been widely discussed, there remains a gap in the knowledge surrounding the differences in the type and phosphorus removal efficiencies of natural and engineered PAO systems. Furthermore, due to the limitations of PAOs in conventional wastewater treatment environments, there is an urgent need to find functional PAOs in extreme environments for better wastewater treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the effects of extreme conditions on the phosphorus removal efficiency of PAOs as well as the types, sources, and characteristics of PAOs. In this paper, we summarize the response mechanisms of PAOs, denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (D-PAOs), aerobic denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (AD-PAOs), and sulfur-related PAOs (S-PAOs). The mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in PAOs is related to the coupling cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. The genera of PAOs differ in natural and engineered systems, but PAOs have more diversity in aquatic environments and soils. Recent studies on the impact of several parameters (e.g., temperature, carbon source, pH, and dissolved oxygen) and extracellular polymer substances on the phosphorus removal efficiency of PAOs in natural and engineered systems are further discussed. Most of the PAOs screened under extreme conditions still had high phosphorus removal efficiencies (>80.0 %). These results provide a reference for searching for PAOs with different adaptations to achieve better wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Xiaoqing Qiu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Jiahao Luo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Huishi Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Seow-Wah How
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban REsource Recovery (CAPTURE), Ghent B9000, Belgium
| | - Di Wu
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban REsource Recovery (CAPTURE), Ghent B9000, Belgium
| | - Juhua He
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Yunan Gao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Redouane EM, Tazart Z, Lahrouni M, Mugani R, Elgadi S, Zine H, Zerrifi SEA, Haida M, Martins JC, Campos A, Oufdou K, Vasconcelos V, Oudra B. Health risk assessment of lake water contaminated with microcystins for fruit crop irrigation and farm animal drinking. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80234-80244. [PMID: 37294489 PMCID: PMC10344998 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The health risks linked to the consumption of microcystin-accumulating crops have been increasing worldwide in toxic cyanobloom-occurring regions. The bioaccumulation of microcystins (MCs) in agricultural produce at environmentally realistic concentrations is poorly investigated. In this field study, we assessed the health risks of MCs in raw water used for irrigating fruit crops (bioaccumulation) and watering farm animals in the Lalla Takerkoust agricultural region (Marrakesh, Morocco). Thus, MCs were extracted from water and fruit samples and quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in order to calculate the health risk indicators. MCs posed a high health-risk level to poultry and horses, with estimated daily intakes (EDI) being 14- and 19-fold higher than the recommended limits (3.1 and 2.3 μg MC-LR L-1), respectively. Furthermore, pomegranate posed the same level of risk, with EDI being 22- and 53-fold higher than the limit dose (0.04 μg MC-LR kg-1) for adults and children, respectively. There was an urgent need for guidelines regarding water use and management in MC-polluted areas, besides the setup of nature-based tools for toxin removal from raw water used in farming practices. Moreover, MCs could contaminate the human food chain, which implies further investigations of their potential accumulation in livestock- and poultry-based food.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Mahdi Redouane
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Zakaria Tazart
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Majida Lahrouni
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Richard Mugani
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Sara Elgadi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BioMAgE), Labeled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro. Food Technology and Quality, Regional Center for Agronomic Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA), 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Hamza Zine
- Geology and Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammad VI Polytechnic University, 43150, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nurses Professions and Health Techniques of Guelmim, 81000, Guelmim, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Haida
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - José Carlos Martins
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BioMAgE), Labeled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Brahim Oudra
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
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Ma N, Gao L, Ge Z, Li M. Hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in a plain river network region: Establishing linkages between source and water quality variables. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 331:138809. [PMID: 37127199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The chemical characteristics of groundwater can indicate water quality condition and provide useful information for pollution source identification. This study aimed to understand the effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on ionic composition of groundwater and identify the main ions and sources of pollution. The Lake Taihu is a typical eutrophic lake in China. In this study, the hydrochemical composition of groundwater in the surrounding aquifer of Lake Taihu Basin was analyzed. The results showed that the values of water quality index (WQI) range from 13.29 to 56.26 (good water quality). The dominant hydrochemical type of groundwater was Ca-Mg-HCO3 type, and the rock dominance was the major mechanism controlling the groundwater chemistry. With an increasing concentration in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the Na+, Mg2+, and HCO3- concentrations all showed a sharp increase followed by a slow increase, while the NO3- concentration showed an opposite trend, indicating the DOM can affect the ions composition. In addition, K+ was positively correlated with NO3-, As, and Cd. Hence, DOM input may directly or indirectly change the hydrochemistry of groundwater. Besides, the NO3- concentration in groundwater was much higher than that in Lake Taihu, indicating that the NO3- in groundwater mainly came from surface soil leaching. The anthropogenic sources are probably the main sources of different ions, including K+, NO3-, As, and Cd. This study can help to better understand the effects of lake eutrophication on groundwater and its pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Li Gao
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia
| | - Zhengkui Ge
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
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Mutoti MI, Edokpayi J, Mutileni N, Durowoju O, Munyai FL. Cyanotoxins in groundwater; occurrence, potential sources, health impacts and knowledge gap for public health. Toxicon 2023; 226:107077. [PMID: 36893989 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is a significant source of water across the world and constitutes about 30% of the earth's freshwater. This water source is likely to be contaminated by cyanobacteria that produce secondary metabolites called cyanotoxins. Studies on contamination of groundwater by cyanobacteria have been sketchy with limited information. There is a need for better evidence regarding groundwater contamination by cyanobacteria as their presence in surface water bodies could cause contamination of groundwater via infiltration and percolation during rainfall events or during groundwater-surface water interaction, bank infiltration or water quality exchange. Therefore, this review is aimed at exploring the occurrences and potential sources of cyanotoxins in groundwater. This was achieved by summarising the existing data on the occurrence of cyanobacteria in groundwater and their potential sources across the world. Groundwater cyanobacteria contamination can possibly pose threat to water quality because many of the cyanotoxins produced by cyanobacteria pose a severe threat to human health, animals and the environment. Concentrations of microcystins (MCs) in groundwater have been recorded in China (Chaohu), Saudi Arabia, and China (Huai River Basin), with concentrations of 1.446 μg/L, 1.8 μg/L and 1.07 μg/L, respectively. In humans, exposure to these cyanotoxins can cause symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and skin irritation, to mention a few. This work highlights the importance of providing information or knowledge regarding public health implications of exposure to groundwater contaminated with cyanotoxins and the need to undertake risk management actions through national and international regulation. This review also points out current knowledge gaps, which could lead to future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulalo Isaih Mutoti
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa.
| | - Joshua Edokpayi
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Ntwanano Mutileni
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Olatunde Durowoju
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, University Road, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Fhatuwani Linton Munyai
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, 1201, South Africa
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6
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Liu Z, Cui D, Liu Y, Wang H, Yang L, Chen H, Qiu G, Xiong Z, Shao P, Luo X. Enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal from actual rare earth element tailings (REEs) wastewater by microalgae-bacteria symbiosis system (MBS): Ratio optimization of microalgae to bacteria and mechanism analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128304. [PMID: 36370947 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-bacteria symbiosis system (MBS) appear to be a promising way for treating the rare earth elements (REEs) wastewater due to the natural symbiotic interactions between microalgae and bacteria. Herein, we investigated the effect of different inoculation ratios of microalgae and bacteria including 3:1 (MB_1), 1:1 (MB_2) and 1:3 (MB_3) on NH4+-N removal from REEs wastewater and analyzed the corresponding biological mechanism. The NH4+-N removal rate with MB_3 reached 17.69 ± 0.45 mg NH4+-N/L d-1, which was 2.58 times higher than that in single microalgae system. The results were further verified in continuous feeding photobioreactors and kept stable for 100 days. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the abundance of genes related to microalgae assimilation increased by 14 %-50 % in answer to photosynthesis and NH4+-N absorption, while that related to nitrification apparently dropped, indicating that MBS was a sustainable method capable of enhancing NH4+-N removal from REEs wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuochao Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Dan Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Haiyu Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Liming Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | | | - Genping Qiu
- ECO-ADVANCE CO., LED, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Zhensheng Xiong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Penghui Shao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Xubiao Luo
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
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Fan X, Gao S, Zhang Y, Qin B, Xu H, Ding S. Stimulation of high-concentration dissolved nitrogen and reactive phosphorus in Lake Taihu sediments on the initiation and maintenance of cyanobacterial blooms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158088. [PMID: 35987223 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spatio-temporal variation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN: NH4+-N, NO2--N, and NO3--N) and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu sediments and their potential effects on the cyanobacterial blooms were studied. Monthly sampling was performed using high-resolution dialysis sampling devices (HR-Peeper) and two important results were observed in April (the initiation period of cyanobacterial bloom) and June-August (the maintenance period of cyanobacterial blooms). In April, high concentrations of dissolved NO2--N and NO3--N, probably caused by the groundwater influx, were observed in deep anoxic sediments (below 110 mm). NO2--N and NO3--N are good electron acceptors for the mineralization of organic P under anaerobic conditions and should lead to an increase in DRP concentrations in sediments, DRP released from sediments thus further stimulating the cyanobacterial growth and the outbreak of severe cyanobacterial blooms in May due to the extremely low concentrations of DRP in the water body. From June to August, high concentrations of NO2--N, NO3--N, and DRP were observed in the surface sediment, which was caused by the release of NH4+-N from the mineralization of cyanobacterial debris. This should play an important role in maintaining cyanobacterial growth, especially in stimulating the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms during September, when N and P were co-limited. This study revealed high-concentration DIN and DRP in Lake Taihu sediments potentially stimulated the initiation and maintenance of cyanobacterial blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shuaishuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha 410009, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Water Conservancy Development Research Center of Taihu Basin Authority Ministry of Water Resource, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Zou Q, Teng J, Wang K, Huang Y, Hu Q, Chen S, Xu Q, Zhang H, Fang D, Yan H. Purification and Mechanism of Microcystinase MlrC for Catalyzing Linearized Cyanobacterial Hepatotoxins Using Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14090602. [PMID: 36136540 PMCID: PMC9506587 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial hepatotoxins, including microcystins (MCs) and nodularins (NODs), are widely produced, distributed and extremely hazardous to human beings and the environment. However, the catalytic mechanism of microcystinase for biodegrading cyanobacterial hepatotoxins is not completely understood yet. The first microcystinase (MlrA) catalyzes the ring opening of cyclic hepatotoxins, while being further hydrolyzed by the third microcystinase (MlrC). Based on the homology modeling, we postulated that MlrC of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 was a Zn2+-dependent metalloprotease including five active sites: Glu56, His150, Asp184, His186 and His208. Here, the active recombinant MlrC and five site-directed mutants were successfully obtained with heterologous expression and then purified for investigating the activity. The results indicated that the purified recombinant MlrC had high activity to catalyze linearized hepatotoxins. Combined with the biodegradation of linearized NOD by MlrC and its mutants, a complete enzymatic mechanism for linearized hepatotoxin biodegradation by MlrC was revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zou
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junhui Teng
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kunyan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiming Huang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingbei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Hai Yan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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9
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Cao J, Chen F, Fang Z, Gu Y, Wang H, Lu J, Bi Y, Wang S, Huang W, Meng F. Effect of filamentous algae in a microalgal-bacterial granular sludge system treating saline wastewater: Assessing stability, lipid production and nutrients removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127182. [PMID: 35439564 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study modified microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) was constructed and employed to compare the performance for treating 1%-5% saline wastewater with aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Filamentous algae were found to flourish at 1% salinity when nutrients were temporarily restricted to low level (COD 0, N 10 mg/L, P 0.5 mg/L). A significant improvement of granule stability was detected as the integrity coefficients of MBGS was only 0.12-0.24 rather than 0.19-0.48 of AGS under 1%-5% salinities, which reduced the risk of particle disintegration. Filamentous algae including Leptolyngbya and Geitlerinema occupied 91.2% of identified algae, and were beneficial for enhancing the biomass content and lipid production to about 1.27-1.37, 3.1-5.0 times than AGS. The MBGS had best nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies of 93.4% and 64.6% at 1% salinity, and showed higher resistance to 3%-5% salinities. This study could provide meaningful information for using this modified MBGS technology in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Cao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Fanzhen Chen
- Tianjin Huabo Water Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300040, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Tianjin Huabo Water Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300040, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Tianjin Huabo Water Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300040, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Tianshui Zhixin Operation Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300404, China
| | - Jingfang Lu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yanmeng Bi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Shaopo Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fansheng Meng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
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Cai D, Wei J, Huang F, Feng H, Peng T, Luo J, Yang F. The detoxification activities and mechanisms of microcystinase towards MC-LR. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113436. [PMID: 35367885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are the most common and toxic cyanotoxins that are hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Microcystinase is the enzyme in charge of the initial step in the biodegradation of MCs. The characterization, application conditions, and detoxification mechanisms of microcystinase from an indigenous bacterium Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 towards MC-LR were investigated in the current study. The microcystinase gene of strain YF1 was most similar to Sphingomonas sp. USTB-05 and contained a CAAX-family conversed abortive Infection (ABI) domain. The microcystinase was successful obtained and purified by overexpression in Escherichia coli. The highest degradation rate of MC-LR was 1.0 μg/mL/min under the optimal condition of 30 ℃, pH 7, 20 μg/mL MC-LR, and 400 μg/mL microcystinase. The MC-degrading product was identified as linearized MC-LR, which possessed a much lower inhibitory activity against protein phosphatase 2A than MC-LR. Microcystinase interacted with MC-LR via amino acid residues involved in through the formation of conventional Hydrogen Bond, Pi-Pi T-shapes, Van der Waals force, and so on. The optimal MC-degrading condition of pure microcystinase and its detoxification mechanisms against MC-LR were revealed. The toxicity of purified linearized MC-LR was explored for the first time. These findings suggest that pure microcystinase may efficiently detoxify MCs and it is promising in the bioremediation of MC-polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Cai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
| | - Jia Wei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Feiyu Huang
- The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, China.
| | - Hai Feng
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Tangjian Peng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
| | - Jiayou Luo
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China; Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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