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Zhu J, Wang J, Zhong H, Hu Y, Hu L, Rao P, Liu R, Zhu J, Li G. New method for measuring the pore sizes and pore size distributions of filter membranes-the fluorescence probe method. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:469. [PMID: 37971627 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel, simple, and rapid method is demonstrated for measuring the pore size and pore size distribution of filtration membranes (FMs) used in aqueous applications with fluorescence probes. Because the selected fluorescent probes are mixable and have strong signals, combined with the operation of dead-end filtration, this method only requires small amounts of reagents; additionally, it is time-efficient by avoiding multiple rounds of filtration. This method detects the size of a FM pore throat (i.e., the narrowest position of a pore tunnel), which is more consistent with the actual filtration situation. The conditions, such as probe concentration, temperature, transmembrane pressure difference, and types of surfactants, have been optimized. The experimental results show that the fluorescence probe method has good accuracy and reproducibility for measuring the pore size and pore size distribution of both organic and inorganic FMs. The method is particularly suitable for rapid testing of the filtration performance (nominal pore size≥0.02 μm) of purchased or synthetic membranes in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinhua Rao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 East Jiangchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
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Alebrahim E, Moreau C. A Comparative Study of the Self-Cleaning and Filtration Performance of Suspension Plasma-Sprayed TiO 2 Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:750. [PMID: 37755172 PMCID: PMC10534907 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the performance of photocatalytic titanium dioxide microfiltration membranes with an average pore size of approximately 180 nm and ultrafiltration membranes with an average pore size of around 40 nm fabricated with the suspension plasma spray process. The membranes were evaluated for their filtration performance using SiO2 particles of different sizes and polyethylene oxide with molecular weights of 20 kDa to 1000 kDa, and the fouling parameters were characterized. The rejection rate was enhanced by increasing the thickness of the membranes. This effect was more pronounced with the ultrafiltration membranes. The rejection rate of the ultrafiltration membrane was improved significantly after filling the larger pores on the surface with agglomerates of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The self-cleaning performance of the membranes was assessed under visible light. Both ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes showed a flux recovery under visible light illumination due to the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide. The membranes also show a flux recovery of more than 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Moreau
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada;
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Nguyen DT, Lee S, Lopez KP, Lee J, Straub AP. Pressure-driven distillation using air-trapping membranes for fast and selective water purification. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg6638. [PMID: 37450594 PMCID: PMC10348675 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg6638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane technologies that enable the efficient purification of impaired water sources are needed to address growing water scarcity. However, state-of-the-art engineered membranes are constrained by a universal, deleterious trade-off where membranes with high water permeability lack selectivity. Current membranes also poorly remove low-molecular weight neutral solutes and are vulnerable to degradation from oxidants used in water treatment. We report a water desalination technology that uses applied pressure to drive vapor transport through membranes with an entrapped air layer. Since separation occurs due to a gas-liquid phase change, near-complete rejection of dissolved solutes including sodium chloride, boron, urea, and N-nitrosodimethylamine is observed. Membranes fabricated with sub-200-nm-thick air layers showed water permeabilities that exceed those of commercial membranes without sacrificing salt rejection. We also find the air-trapping membranes tolerate exposure to chlorine and ozone oxidants. The results advance our understanding of evaporation behavior and facilitate high-throughput ultraselective separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duong T. Nguyen
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Sangsuk Lee
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Kian P. Lopez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jongho Lee
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anthony P. Straub
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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Yuan S, Mai Z, Yang Z, Jin P, Zhang G, Zhu J, Matsuyama H, Van der Bruggen B. Incorporating tertiary amine and thioether in polyarylene sulfide sulfone membranes for multiple separations. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Fu ZJ, Jiang SK, Chao XY, Zhang CX, Shi Q, Wang ZY, Liu ML, Sun SP. Removing miscellaneous heavy metals by all-in-one ion exchange-nanofiltration membrane. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118888. [PMID: 35907304 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The composition of wastewater containing heavy metal mixtures is often complex and poses a serious threat to human and environmental health. Effective removal of a variety of heavy metal ions with a single technology is challenging, and the conventional split integrated technologies require multi-step processing and a massive footprint. For the first time, we achieve hierarchically integrating ion exchange and nanofiltration into all-in-one "iNF" membranes. The iNF membrane has a hierarchical structure with an interfacial polymerization layer and an ion exchange layer, which can achieve highly efficient indiscriminate heavy metal ion removal, overcoming the defect that traditional nanofiltration membranes can only remove single metal cations or oxyanions. The ion exchange layer can remove heavy metal ions through sulfonic acid groups and quaternary amine groups. In addition, the ion exchange layer can be regenerated by electro-deionization, which is meaningful for sustainable membrane usage. This facile, scalable, and compact integrated process shows outstanding potential and universal applicability in complex wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shang-Kun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xin-Yi Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chun-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qixun Shi
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mei-Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shi-Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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