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Clephane K, Wilson MC, Heiman JR, Craig AN, Lorenz T. Sexual violence history predicts changes in vaginal immune parameters during sexual arousal. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 104:171-180. [PMID: 35697156 PMCID: PMC9734281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of sexual arousal on vaginal mucosal inflammatory cytokine and antibody production in healthy women with and without histories of childhood and/or adult sexual violence. METHODS Ninety-one premenopausal healthy women (ages 18-42) attended a single laboratory session in which they provided vaginal fluid samples before and after viewing one neutral and one erotic film. While viewing the films, participants' vaginal sexual arousal was recorded using vaginal photoplethysmography. RESULTS Of the 91 participants, 41 (45%) reported no history of sexual violence, 17 (19%) reported a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) only, 19 (21%) reported a history of adult sexual assault (ASA) only, and 10 (11%) reported a history of both CSA and ASA, with 4 participants choosing not to provide information on their sexual violence history. For women with a history of ASA but not CSA, there was a significant increase in vaginal IL-1β following arousal, while for women with a history of CSA (with or without ASA), there was a significant decrease. Women without CSA histories had a significant increase in vaginal IgA following sexual arousal, while women with CSA histories had a decrease. CONCLUSION Sexual arousal possibly plays a role in modifying vaginal immune responses in young, healthy women. Moreover, these effects may vary depending upon sexual assault histories, such that relative to women without assault histories, women with a history of early life sexual trauma showed significantly altered vaginal immune responses following sexual arousal. If replicated, these findings may help explain the increased risk for sexually transmitted infections observed among women with sexual assault histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Clephane
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States; Center for Brain, Biology & Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States
| | - M Claire Wilson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, United States
| | - Julia R Heiman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, United States
| | - Amber N Craig
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, United States
| | - Tierney Lorenz
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States; Center for Brain, Biology & Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States.
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Pines HA, Semple SJ, Strathdee SA, Hendrix CW, Harvey-Vera A, Gorbach PM, Magis-Rodríguez C, Martinez G, Patterson TL. Vaginal washing and lubrication among female sex workers in the Mexico-US border region: implications for the development of vaginal PrEP for HIV prevention. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1009. [PMID: 30107833 PMCID: PMC6092873 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the potential acceptability and inform the development of behaviorally-congruent vaginal douche- or gel-based HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) products, we examined vaginal washing and lubrication practices among female sex workers (FSWs) in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, two northern Mexico cities bordering the United States (US). Methods Two hundred and ninety-five HIV-negative FSWs (145 Tijuana; 150 Ciudad Juarez) enrolled in a behavioral HIV prevention intervention trial completed surveys assessing vaginal washing and lubrication practices, as well as motivators and barriers to performing each practice. Logistic regression was used to identify potential predictors of each practice in the past month. Results In the past month, vaginal washing was performed by 56 and 22% of FSWs in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez (p < 0.0001), respectively, while vaginal lubrication was performed by 64 and 45% of FSWs in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez (p = 0.001), respectively. Vaginal washing was positively associated with living in Tijuana (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.60–7.30), older age (AOR = 1.04 per year, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06), and vaginal lubrication (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.67–5.35), while it was negatively associated with being born in the same state as the study site (AOR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.31–0.82), earning a monthly income ≥3500 pesos (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.28–1.00), and hazardous alcohol consumption (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33–0.95). Vaginal lubrication was positively associated with living in Tijuana (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.37–3.54) and vaginal washing (AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.64–5.18), while it was negatively associated with being born in the same state as the study site (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.29–0.75). Conclusions The moderate and high prevalence of vaginal washing and lubrication, respectively, suggest behaviorally-congruent, multi-purpose, vaginal douche- and gel-based PrEP products that simultaneously address FSWs’ needs and prevent HIV infection may be acceptable to many FSWs along the Mexico-US border. Future product development and implementation should also consider the link between vaginal washing and lubrication to ensure existing practices do not undermine vaginal PrEP product effectiveness. Trial registration ClincialTrials.gov (NCT02447484). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5946-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Pines
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0507, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Shirley J Semple
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0680, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Steffanie A Strathdee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0507, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Craig W Hendrix
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Alicia Harvey-Vera
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0507, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Pamina M Gorbach
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Drive S, BOX 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Carlos Magis-Rodríguez
- Centro Nacional para la Prevención y Control del VIH/SIDA (CENSIDA) Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Martinez
- Federacion Mexicana de Asociaciones Privadas, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Thomas L Patterson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0680, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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Seidman D, Rusch M, Abramovitz D, Stockman JK, Martinez G, Rangel G, Vera A, Ulibarri MD, Strathdee SA. Intravaginal practices among HIV-negative female sex workers along the US-Mexico border and their implications for emerging HIV prevention interventions. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2016; 133:212-6. [PMID: 26874868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe intravaginal practices (IVPs) among female sex workers (FSWs) who inject drugs in two cities-Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez-on the border between the USA and Mexico. METHODS Data for a secondary analysis were obtained from interviews conducted as part of a randomized controlled trial in FSWs who injected drugs between October 28, 2008, and May 31, 2010. Eligible individuals were aged at least 18years and reported sharing injection equipment and having unprotected sex with clients in the previous month. Descriptive statistics were used to assess frequency and type of IVPs. Logistic regression was used to assess correlates of IVPs. RESULTS Among 529 FSWs who completed both surveys, 229 (43.3%) had performed IVPs in the previous 6months. Factors independently associated with IVPs were reporting any sexually transmitted infection in the previous 6months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-3.1; P=0.03), three or more pregnancies (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.2; P=0.02), and having clients who became violent when proposing condom use (aOR 5.8, 95% CI 1.0-34.3; P=0.05), which are all factors related to inconsistent condom use. CONCLUSION Screening for IVPs could help to identify FSW at increased risk of HIV, and facilitate conversations about specific risk-reduction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Seidman
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Melanie Rusch
- Population Health and Epidemiology, Island Health, Victoria, BC, Canada; School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Daniela Abramovitz
- Division of Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jamila K Stockman
- Division of Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gustavo Martinez
- Community Health and Development of Ciudad Juarez and the Mexican Federation of Private Associations, Ciudad Juarez, Mexico
| | | | - Alicia Vera
- Division of Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Monica D Ulibarri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steffanie A Strathdee
- Division of Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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