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Bopp MHA, Grote A, Gjorgjevski M, Pojskic M, Saß B, Nimsky C. Enabling Navigation and Augmented Reality in the Sitting Position in Posterior Fossa Surgery Using Intraoperative Ultrasound. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1985. [PMID: 38893106 PMCID: PMC11171013 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16111985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite its broad use in cranial and spinal surgery, navigation support and microscope-based augmented reality (AR) have not yet found their way into posterior fossa surgery in the sitting position. While this position offers surgical benefits, navigation accuracy and thereof the use of navigation itself seems limited. Intraoperative ultrasound (iUS) can be applied at any time during surgery, delivering real-time images that can be used for accuracy verification and navigation updates. Within this study, its applicability in the sitting position was assessed. Data from 15 patients with lesions within the posterior fossa who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based navigation-supported surgery in the sitting position were retrospectively analyzed using the standard reference array and new rigid image-based MRI-iUS co-registration. The navigation accuracy was evaluated based on the spatial overlap of the outlined lesions and the distance between the corresponding landmarks in both data sets, respectively. Image-based co-registration significantly improved (p < 0.001) the spatial overlap of the outlined lesion (0.42 ± 0.30 vs. 0.65 ± 0.23) and significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the distance between the corresponding landmarks (8.69 ± 6.23 mm vs. 3.19 ± 2.73 mm), allowing for the sufficient use of navigation and AR support. Navigated iUS can therefore serve as an easy-to-use tool to enable navigation support for posterior fossa surgery in the sitting position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam H. A. Bopp
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.G.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (B.S.); (C.N.)
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Grote
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.G.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (B.S.); (C.N.)
| | - Marko Gjorgjevski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.G.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (B.S.); (C.N.)
| | - Mirza Pojskic
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.G.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (B.S.); (C.N.)
| | - Benjamin Saß
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.G.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (B.S.); (C.N.)
| | - Christopher Nimsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.G.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (B.S.); (C.N.)
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), 35043 Marburg, Germany
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Toma D, Buvala J, Šteňo A. Hyperechoic Area Under Insular Gliomas: A Potentially Hazardous Intraoperative Ultrasound Artifact. World Neurosurg 2024; 182:e899-e904. [PMID: 38141756 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) images can be distorted by various artifacts. During surgeries for insular low-grade gliomas (LGGs), we repeatedly observed a distinct hyperechoic artifact adjacent to medial tumor borders, localized in brain regions with normal appearance on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that has not been reported before. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated saved 3-dimensional (3D) IOUS images of 20 patients harboring insular LGGs. Twelve patients were operated on between 2010 and 2015 using an older navigated 3D IOUS system. Additionally, 3D-IOUS images of 8 patients operated on between 2021 and 2023 using a new high-end 3D-IOUS system were evaluated. The investigated region was the area under medial tumor borders, which were defined using preoperative MRI. RESULTS In 17 out of 20 cases (85%), a distinct hyperechoic area adjacent to medial tumor borders localized in brain regions with normal appearance on preoperative MRI was found; in the remaining 3 cases the saved images were suboptimal and did not allow evaluation of the area under the medial tumor borders. CONCLUSIONS Although the causes of this bright artifact are unclear, we can hypothesize that the reverberation in between different parallel layers of white and gray matter localized under the insula could play a role in its appearance. Importantly, as this hyperechoic area was depicted already before any tumor resection, it may lead to erroneous conclusion that the tumor spreads more medially. Potential resection in this region may cause significant neurologic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Toma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Buvala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Šteňo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Dixon L, Lim A, Grech-Sollars M, Nandi D, Camp S. Intraoperative ultrasound in brain tumor surgery: A review and implementation guide. Neurosurg Rev 2022; 45:2503-2515. [PMID: 35353266 PMCID: PMC9349149 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-022-01778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Accurate and reliable intraoperative neuronavigation is crucial for achieving maximal safe resection of brain tumors. Intraoperative MRI (iMRI) has received significant attention as the next step in improving navigation. However, the immense cost and logistical challenge of iMRI precludes implementation in most centers worldwide. In comparison, intraoperative ultrasound (ioUS) is an affordable tool, easily incorporated into existing theatre infrastructure, and operative workflow. Historically, ultrasound has been perceived as difficult to learn and standardize, with poor, artifact-prone image quality. However, ioUS has dramatically evolved over the last decade, with vast improvements in image quality and well-integrated navigation tools. Advanced techniques, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), have also matured and moved from the research field into actual clinical use. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and pragmatic guide to ioUS. A suggested protocol to facilitate learning ioUS and improve standardization is provided, and an outline of common artifacts and methods to minimize them given. The review also includes an update of advanced techniques and how they can be incorporated into clinical practice.
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Del Bene M, Raspagliesi L, Carone G, Gaviani P, Silvani A, Solbiati L, Prada F, DiMeco F. Cranial sonolucent prosthesis: a window of opportunity for neuro-oncology (and neuro-surgery). J Neurooncol 2022; 156:529-540. [PMID: 35079911 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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5
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Application of Multiparametric Intraoperative Ultrasound in Glioma Surgery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6651726. [PMID: 33954192 PMCID: PMC8068524 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6651726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most invasive and fatal primary malignancy of the central nervous system that have poor prognosis, with maximal safe resection representing the gold standard for surgical treatment. To achieve gross total resection (GTR), neurosurgery relies heavily on generating continuous, real-time, intraoperative glioma descriptions based on image guidance. Given the limitations of currently available equipment, developing a real-time image-guided resection technique that provides reliable functional and anatomical information during intraoperative settings is imperative. Nowadays, the application of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) has been shown to improve resection rates and maximize brain function preservation. IOUS, which presents an attractive option due to its low cost, minimal operational flow interruptions, and lack of radiation exposure, is able to provide real-time localization and accurate tumor size and shape descriptions while helping distinguish residual tumors and addressing brain shift. Moreover, the application of new advancements in ultrasound technology, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, three-dimensional ultrasound, navigable ultrasound, ultrasound elastography, and functional ultrasound, could help to achieve GTR during glioma surgery. The current review describes current advancements in ultrasound technology and evaluates the role and limitation of IOUS in glioma surgery.
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Šteňo A, Buvala J, Šteňo J. Large Residual Pilocytic Astrocytoma After Failed Ultrasound-Guided Resection: Intraoperative Ultrasound Limitations Require Special Attention. World Neurosurg 2021; 150:140-143. [PMID: 33819702 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.03.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While benefits of neurosurgical intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) are reported frequently, this method still has some significant pitfalls, which are described less often. However, sufficient knowledge on dealing with IOUS drawbacks, particularly various image artifacts, is important for successful surgery. We report a case of failed IOUS-guided pediatric cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma resection, incorrectly evaluated as gross total resection according to IOUS. A large tumor residuum was left in place. Successful IOUS-guided reoperation using new IOUS technology and appropriate ultrasound imaging technique are described. The most probable reasons for initial resection failure and crucial points of reoperation, predominantly dealing with IOUS artifacts, are discussed. Neurosurgeons should be aware of IOUS limitations and have sufficient knowledge about how to overcome them before adopting routine use of this intraoperative imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Šteňo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ján Buvala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Šteňo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Šteňo A, Buvala J, Babková V, Kiss A, Toma D, Lysak A. Current Limitations of Intraoperative Ultrasound in Brain Tumor Surgery. Front Oncol 2021; 11:659048. [PMID: 33828994 PMCID: PMC8019922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.659048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
While benefits of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) have been frequently described, data on IOUS limitations are relatively sparse. Suboptimal ultrasound imaging of some pathologies, various types of ultrasound artifacts, challenging patient positioning during some IOUS-guided surgeries, and absence of an optimal IOUS probe depicting the entire sellar region during transsphenoidal pituitary surgery are some of the most important pitfalls. This review aims to summarize prominent limitations of current IOUS systems, and to present possibilities to reduce them by using ultrasound technology suitable for a specific procedure and by proper scanning techniques. In addition, future trends of IOUS imaging optimization are described in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Šteňo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Buvala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Babková
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adrián Kiss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - David Toma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alexander Lysak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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8
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La Rocca G, Ius T, Mazzucchi E, Simboli GA, Altieri R, Garbossa D, Acampora A, Auricchio AM, Vincitorio F, Cofano F, Vercelli G, Della Pepa GM, Pignotti F, Albanese A, Marchese E, Sabatino G. Trans-sulcal versus trans-parenchymal approach in supratentorial cavernomas. A multicentric experience. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 197:106180. [PMID: 32877767 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cavernous malformations (CM) are low-flow vascular lesions that can cause significant symptoms and neurological deficits. Different intraoperative surgical approaches have been developed. Aim of the present investigation is the comparison between the trans-sulcal approach (TS) and the trans-parenchymal neuronavigation-assisted approach (TPN) in a surgical series from two neurosurgical centers. The technique and clinical outcomes are discussed, with a specific focus on seizure outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical and radiological data from two neurosurgical centers ("A. Gemelli" Hospital in Rome and A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza in Turin) were retrospectively reviewed in order to evaluate the different outcome of TS and TPN approach for cavernous malformation treatment. RESULTS A total of 177 patients underwent surgical intervention for supratentorial CM, 130 patients with TPN approach and 47 with TS approach. TS approach was associated with higher rate of seizure in early post-operative period both in epileptic patients (p < 0,001) and in patients without history of seizures before surgery (p = 0,002). Moreover, length of incision (p < 0,001), area of craniotomy (p < 0,001) and corticectomy (p < 0,001) were bigger in TS than in TPN approach. Brain contusion (p < 0,001) and fluid collection (p < 0,001) were more likely to be discovered after TS approach. CONCLUSIONS TPN is a valuable approach for resection of CM. Minor complications are significantly lower in TPN approach when compared with TS approach. In addition, it is associated with lower rate of early post-operative seizure and shorter length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- G La Rocca
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy
| | - T Ius
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Santa Maria della Misericordia, University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - E Mazzucchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy.
| | - G A Simboli
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - R Altieri
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Policlinico "G.Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - D Garbossa
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A Acampora
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Auricchio
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Vincitorio
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F Cofano
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G Vercelli
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G M Della Pepa
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Pignotti
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy
| | - A Albanese
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - E Marchese
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Sabatino
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy
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9
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Verburg N, de Witt Hamer PC. State-of-the-art imaging for glioma surgery. Neurosurg Rev 2020; 44:1331-1343. [PMID: 32607869 PMCID: PMC8121714 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse gliomas are infiltrative primary brain tumors with a poor prognosis despite multimodal treatment. Maximum safe resection is recommended whenever feasible. The extent of resection (EOR) is positively correlated with survival. Identification of glioma tissue during surgery is difficult due to its diffuse nature. Therefore, glioma resection is imaging-guided, making the choice for imaging technique an important aspect of glioma surgery. The current standard for resection guidance in non-enhancing gliomas is T2 weighted or T2w-fluid attenuation inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and in enhancing gliomas T1-weighted MRI with a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Other MRI sequences, like magnetic resonance spectroscopy, imaging modalities, such as positron emission tomography, as well as intraoperative imaging techniques, including the use of fluorescence, are also available for the guidance of glioma resection. The neurosurgeon’s goal is to find the balance between maximizing the EOR and preserving brain functions since surgery-induced neurological deficits result in lower quality of life and shortened survival. This requires localization of important brain functions and white matter tracts to aid the pre-operative planning and surgical decision-making. Visualization of brain functions and white matter tracts is possible with functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetoencephalography, and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation. In this review, we discuss the current available imaging techniques for the guidance of glioma resection and the localization of brain functions and white matter tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Verburg
- Department of Neurosurgery and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hill Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Philip C de Witt Hamer
- Department of Neurosurgery and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Saß B, Bopp M, Nimsky C, Carl B. Navigated 3-Dimensional Intraoperative Ultrasound for Spine Surgery. World Neurosurg 2019; 131:e155-e169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.07.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Del Bene M, Perin A, Casali C, Legnani F, Saladino A, Mattei L, Vetrano IG, Saini M, DiMeco F, Prada F. Advanced Ultrasound Imaging in Glioma Surgery: Beyond Gray-Scale B-mode. Front Oncol 2018; 8:576. [PMID: 30560090 PMCID: PMC6287020 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Glioma surgery is aimed at obtaining maximal safe tumor resection while preserving or improving patient's neurological status. For this reason, there is growing interest for intra-operative imaging in neuro-oncological surgery. Intra-operative ultrasound (ioUS) provides the surgeon with real-time, anatomical and functional information. Despite this, in neurosurgery ioUS mainly relies only on gray-scale brightness mode (B-mode). Many other ultrasound imaging modalities, such as Fusion Imaging with pre-operative acquired magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Doppler modes, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS), and elastosonography have been developed and have been extensively used in other organs. Although these modalities offer valuable real-time intra-operative information, so far their usage during neurosurgical procedures is still limited. Purpose: To present an US-based multimodal approach for image-guidance in glioma surgery, highlighting the different features of advanced US modalities: fusion imaging with pre-operative acquired MRI for Virtual Navigation, B-mode, Doppler (power-, color-, spectral-), CEUS, and elastosonography. Methods: We describe, in a step-by-step fashion, the applications of the most relevant advanced US modalities during different stages of surgery and their implications for surgical decision-making. Each US modality is illustrated from a technical standpoint and its application during glioma surgery is discussed. Results: B-mode offers dynamic morphological information, which can be further implemented with fusion imaging to improve image understanding and orientation. Doppler imaging permits to evaluate anatomy and function of the vascular tree. CEUS allows to perform a real-time angiosonography, providing valuable information in regards of parenchyma and tumor vascularization and perfusion. This facilitates tumor detection and surgical strategy, also allowing to characterize tumor grade and to identify residual tumor. Elastosonography is a promising tool able to better define tumor margins, parenchymal infiltration, tumor consistency and permitting differentiation of high grade and low grade lesions. Conclusions: Multimodal ioUS represents a valuable tool for glioma surgery being highly informative, rapid, repeatable, and real-time. It is able to differentiate low grade from high grade tumors and to provide the surgeon with relevant information for surgical decision-making. ioUS could be integrated with other intra-operative imaging and functional approaches in a synergistic manner to offer the best image guidance for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Del Bene
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Perin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Casali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Legnani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Saladino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mattei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Saini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco DiMeco
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Francesco Prada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Focused Ultrasound Foundation, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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12
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New Hope in Brain Glioma Surgery: The Role of Intraoperative Ultrasound. A Review. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8110202. [PMID: 30463249 PMCID: PMC6266135 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8110202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Maximal safe resection represents the gold standard for surgery of malignant brain tumors. As regards gross-total resection, accurate localization and precise delineation of the tumor margins are required. Intraoperative diagnostic imaging (Intra-Operative Magnetic Resonance-IOMR, Intra-Operative Computed Tomography-IOCT, Intra-Operative Ultrasound-IOUS) and dyes (fluorescence) have become relevant in brain tumor surgery, allowing for a more radical and safer tumor resection. IOUS guidance for brain tumor surgery is accurate in distinguishing tumor from normal parenchyma, and it allows a real-time intraoperative visualization. We aim to evaluate the role of IOUS in gliomas surgery and to outline specific strategies to maximize its efficacy. We performed a literature research through the Pubmed database by selecting each article which was focused on the use of IOUS in brain tumor surgery, and in particular in glioma surgery, published in the last 15 years (from 2003 to 2018). We selected 39 papers concerning the use of IOUS in brain tumor surgery, including gliomas. IOUS exerts a notable attraction due to its low cost, minimal interruption of the operational flow, and lack of radiation exposure. Our literature review shows that increasing the use of ultrasound in brain tumors allows more radical resections, thus giving rise to increases in survival.
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Abstract
For the neurosurgical oncologist, a specialty practice in gliomas represents an intersection of tailored surgical approaches, emerging intraoperative technologies, expanding surgical trial portfolios, and new paradigms in glioma biology. Assembling these disparate pieces into a cohesive career trajectory is a difficult task but ultimately enables the subspecialist to navigate all domains relevant to improving glioma patient outcomes. Within the larger clinical and basic science community, thoughtful integration and intensive collaborations are essential mechanisms when building a multidisciplinary glioma program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Sanai
- Division of Neurosurgical Oncology, Ivy Brain Tumor Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 2910 North Third Avenue, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
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14
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Coburger J, Scheuerle A, Pala A, Thal D, Wirtz CR, König R. Histopathological Insights on Imaging Results of Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 5-Aminolevulinic Acid, and Intraoperative Ultrasound in Glioblastoma Surgery. Neurosurgery 2018; 81:165-174. [PMID: 28204539 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyw143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For appropriate use of available intraoperative imaging techniques in glioblastoma (GB) surgery, it is crucial to know the potential of the respective techniques in tumor detection. OBJECTIVE To assess histopathological basis of imaging results of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI), 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), and linear array intraoperative ultrasound (lioUS). METHODS We prospectively compared the imaging findings of iMRI, 5-ALA, and lioUS at 99 intraoperative biopsy sites in 33 GB patients during resection control. Histological classification of specimens, tumor load, presence of necrosis, presence of vascular malformations, and O6-methylguanin-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter state was correlated with imaging findings. RESULTS Solid tumor was found in 57%, infiltration zone in 42%, and no tumor in 1% of specimens. However, imaging was negative in iMRI in 49%, using 5-ALA in 17%, and in lioUS in 21%. In positive imaging results, share of solid tumor was highest in 5-ALA (65%) followed by lioUS (60%) and lowest in iMRI (55%). In comparison to 5-ALA, iMRI had a high share of solid tumor in specimens when showing intermediate results. Sensitivity for invasive tumor was higher in 5-ALA (84%) and lioUS (80%) than in iMRI (50%). We found a significant correlation of 5-ALA with classification of specimen, presence of necrosis, and microproliferations. Methylated MGMT promoter correlated with positive findings in 5-ALA. lioUS and iMRI showed no correlations with histopathological findings. CONCLUSION All of the assessed established imaging techniques detect infiltrating tumor only to a certain extent. Only 5-ALA showed a significant correlation with histopathological findings. Interestingly, tumor remnants in an MGMT-methylated tumor are more likely to be visible using 5-ALA as in unmethylated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Coburger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
| | | | - Andrej Pala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Thal
- Research Group Experimental Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Ralph König
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
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Experimental study of sector and linear array ultrasound accuracy and the influence of navigated 3D-reconstruction as compared to MRI in a brain tumor model. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 13:471-478. [PMID: 29368236 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently, intraoperative ultrasound in brain tumor surgery is a rapidly propagating option in imaging technology. We examined the accuracy and resolution limits of different ultrasound probes and the influence of 3D-reconstruction in a phantom and compared these results to MRI in an intraoperative setting (iMRI). METHODS An agarose gel phantom with predefined gel targets was examined with iMRI, a sector (SUS) and a linear (LUS) array probe with two-dimensional images. Additionally, 3D-reconstructed sweeps in perpendicular directions were made of every target with both probes, resulting in 392 measurements. Statistical calculations were performed, and comparative boxplots were generated. RESULTS Every measurement of iMRI and LUS was more precise than SUS, while there was no apparent difference in height of iMRI and 3D-reconstructed LUS. Measurements with 3D-reconstructed LUS were always more accurate than in 2D-LUS, while 3D-reconstruction of SUS showed nearly no differences to 2D-SUS in some measurements. We found correlations of 3D-reconstructed SUS and LUS length and width measurements with 2D results in the same image orientation. CONCLUSIONS LUS provides an accuracy and resolution comparable to iMRI, while SUS is less exact than LUS and iMRI. 3D-reconstruction showed the potential to distinctly improve accuracy and resolution of ultrasound images, although there is a strong correlation with the sweep direction during data acquisition.
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16
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Contemporary use of intraoperative imaging in glioma surgery: A survey among EANS members. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2017; 163:133-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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18
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Riva M, Hennersperger C, Milletari F, Katouzian A, Pessina F, Gutierrez-Becker B, Castellano A, Navab N, Bello L. 3D intra-operative ultrasound and MR image guidance: pursuing an ultrasound-based management of brainshift to enhance neuronavigation. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2017; 12:1711-1725. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-017-1578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Moiyadi AV, Shetty P. Direct navigated 3D ultrasound for resection of brain tumors: a useful tool for intraoperative image guidance. Neurosurg Focus 2016; 40:E5. [PMID: 26926063 DOI: 10.3171/2015.12.focus15529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Navigated 3D ultrasound is a novel intraoperative imaging adjunct permitting quick real-time updates to facilitate tumor resection. Image quality continues to improve and is currently sufficient to allow use of navigated ultrasound (NUS) as a stand-alone modality for intraoperative guidance without the need for preoperative MRI. METHODS The authors retrospectively analyzed cases involving operations performed at their institution in which a 3D ultrasound navigation system was used for control of resection of brain tumors in a "direct" 3D ultrasound mode, without preoperative MRI guidance. The usefulness of the ultrasound and its correlation with postoperative imaging were evaluated. RESULTS Ultrasound was used for resection control in 81 cases. In 53 of these 81 cases, at least 1 intermediate scan (range 1-3 intermediate scans) was obtained during the course of the resection, and in 50 of these 53 cases, the result prompted further resection. In the remaining 28 cases, intermediate scans were not performed either because the first ultrasound scan performed after resection was interpreted as showing no residual tumor (n = 18) and resection was terminated or because the surgeon intentionally terminated the resection prematurely due to the infiltrative nature of the tumor and extension of disease into eloquent areas (n = 10) and the final ultrasound scan was interpreted as showing residual disease. In an additional 20 cases, ultrasound navigation was used primarily for localization and not for resection control, making the total number of NUS cases where radical resection was planned 101. Gross-total resection (GTR) was planned in 68 of these 101 cases and cytoreduction in 33. Ultrasound-defined GTR was achieved in 51 (75%) of the cases in which GTR was planned. In the remaining 17, further resection had to be terminated (despite evidence of residual tumor on ultrasound) because of diffuse infiltration or proximity to eloquent areas. Of the 33 cases planned for cytoreduction, NUS guidance facilitated ultrasound-defined GTR in 4 cases. Overall, ultrasound-defined GTR was achieved in 50% of cases (55 of 111). Based on the postoperative imaging (MRI in most cases), GTR was achieved in 58 cases (53%). Final (postresection) ultrasonography was documented in 78 cases. The findings were compared with the postoperative imaging to ascertain concordance in detecting residual tumor. Overall concordance was seen in 64 cases (82.5%), positive concordance was seen in 33 (42.5%), and negative in 31 (40%). Discordance was seen in 14 cases-with ultrasound yielding false-positive results in 7 cases and false-negative results in 7 cases. Postoperative neurological worsening occurred in 15 cases (13.5%), and in most of these cases, it was reversible by the time of discharge. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that 3D ultrasound can be effectively used as a stand-alone navigation modality during the resection of brain tumors. The ability to provide repeated, high-quality intraoperative updates is useful for guiding resection. Attention to image acquisition technique and experience can significantly increase the quality of images, thereby improving the overall utility of this modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliasgar V Moiyadi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Prakash Shetty
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
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Prada F, Bene MD, Fornaro R, Vetrano IG, Martegani A, Aiani L, Sconfienza LM, Mauri G, Solbiati L, Pollo B, DiMeco F. Identification of residual tumor with intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound during glioblastoma resection. Neurosurg Focus 2016; 40:E7. [PMID: 26926065 DOI: 10.3171/2015.11.focus15573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the capability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to identify residual tumor mass during glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) surgery, to increase the extent of resection. METHODS The authors prospectively evaluated 10 patients who underwent surgery for GBM removal with navigated ultrasound guidance. Navigated B-mode and CEUS were performed prior to resection, during resection, and after complete tumor resection. Areas suspected for residual tumors on B-mode and CEUS studies were localized within the surgical field with navigated ultrasound and samples were sent separately for histopathological analysis to confirm tumor presence. RESULTS In all cases tumor remnants were visualized as hyperechoic areas on B-mode, highlighted as CEUS-positive areas, and confirmed as tumoral areas on histopathological analysis. In 1 case only, CEUS partially failed to demonstrate residual tumor because the residual hyperechoic area was devascularized prior to ultrasound contrast agent injection. In all cases CEUS enhanced B-mode findings. CONCLUSIONS As has already been shown in other neoplastic lesions in other organs, CEUS is extremely specific in the identification of residual tumor. The ability of CEUS to distinguish between tumor and artifacts or normal brain on B-mode is based on its capacity to show the vascularization degree and not the echogenicity of the tissues. Therefore, CEUS can play a decisive role in the process of maximizing GBM resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luca Aiani
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale Valduce, Como
| | | | - Giovanni Mauri
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan
| | - Luigi Solbiati
- Department of Radiology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy; and
| | - Bianca Pollo
- Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan
| | - Francesco DiMeco
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland
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21
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Intraoperative Ultrasound Technology in Neuro-Oncology Practice—Current Role and Future Applications. World Neurosurg 2016; 93:81-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Mahboob S, McPhillips R, Qiu Z, Jiang Y, Meggs C, Schiavone G, Button T, Desmulliez M, Demore C, Cochran S, Eljamel S. Intraoperative Ultrasound-Guided Resection of Gliomas: A Meta-Analysis and Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg 2016; 92:255-263. [PMID: 27178235 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Image-guided surgery has become standard practice during surgical resection, using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Intraoperative ultrasound (IoUS) has attracted interest because of its perceived safety, portability, and real-time imaging. This report is a meta-analysis of intraoperative ultrasound in gliomas. METHODS Critical literature review and meta-analyses, using the MEDLINE/PubMed service. The list of references in each article was double-checked for any missing references. We included all studies that reported the use of ultrasound to guide glioma-surgery. The meta-analyses were conducted according to statistical heterogeneity between the studies using Open MetaAnalyst Software. If there was no heterogeneity, fixed effects model was used for meta-analysis; otherwise, a random effect model was used. Statistical heterogeneity was explored by χ(2) and inconsistency (I(2)) statistics; an I(2) value of 50% or more represented substantial heterogeneity. RESULTS A wide search yielded 19,109 studies that might be relevant, of which 4819 were ultrasound in neurosurgery; 756 studies used ultrasound in cranial surgery, of which 24 studies used intraoperative ultrasound to guide surgical resection and 74 studies used it to guide biopsy. Fifteen studies fulfilled our stringent inclusion criteria, giving a total of 739 patients. The estimated average gross total resection rate was 77%. Furthermore, the relationship between extent of surgical resection and study population was not linear. Gross total resection was more likely under IoUS when the lesion was solitary and subcortical, with no history of surgery or radiotherapy. IoUS image quality, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values deteriorated as surgical resection proceeded. CONCLUSION IoUS-guided surgical resection of gliomas is a useful tool for guiding the resection and for improving the extent of resection. IoUS can be used in conjunction with other complementary technologies that can improve anatomic orientation during surgery. Real-time imaging, improved image quality, small probe sizes, repeatability, portability, and relatively low cost make IoUS a realistic, cost-effective tool that complements any existing tools in any neurosurgical operating environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Mahboob
- Division of Neuroscience, University of Dundee and Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael McPhillips
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Yun Jiang
- Applied Functional Materials Ltd, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carl Meggs
- Applied Functional Materials Ltd, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Schiavone
- Research Institute in Signals, Sensors and Systems, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Button
- Applied Functional Materials Ltd, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Desmulliez
- Research Institute in Signals, Sensors and Systems, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Demore
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sandy Cochran
- Division of Imaging and Technology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Eljamel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Dundee and Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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Rueckriegel SM, Linsenmann T, Kessler AF, Homola GA, Bartsch AJ, Ernestus RI, Westermaier T, Löhr M. Feasibility of the Combined Application of Navigated Probabilistic Fiber Tracking and Navigated Ultrasonography in Brain Tumor Surgery. World Neurosurg 2016; 90:306-314. [PMID: 26968447 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.02.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection of intra-axial tumors is a challenging procedure because of indistinct tumor margins, infiltration, and displacement of white matter tracts surrounding the lesion. Hence, gross total tumor resection without causing new neurologic deficits is demanding, especially in tumor sites adjoining eloquent structures. Feasibility of the combination of navigated probabilistic fiber tracking to identify eloquent fiber pathways and navigated ultrasonography to control brain shift was tested. METHODS Eleven patients with lesions adjacent to eloquent white matter structures (pyramidal tract, optic radiation and arcuate fascicle) were preoperatively subjected to magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted imaging on a 3-T magnetic resonance system (Trio [Siemens, Erlangen, Germany]). Probabilistic fiber tracking was performed using the tools of the FMRIB Software Library (FSL). Results of probabilistic fiber tracking and high-resolution anatomic images were integrated into the neuronavigation system Stealth Station (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA) together with the navigated ultrasonography (SonoNav [Medtronic]). RESULTS FSL-based probabilistic fiber tracking depicted the pyramidal tract, the optic radiation, and arcuate fascicle anatomically plausibly. Integration of the probabilistic fiber tracking into neuronavigation was technically feasible and allowed visualization of the reconstructed fiber pathways. Navigated ultrasonography controlled brain shift. CONCLUSIONS Integration of probabilistic fiber tracking and navigated ultrasonography into intraoperative neuronavigation facilitated anatomic orientation during glioma resection. FSL-based probabilistic fiber tracking integrated sophisticated fiber tracking algorithms, including modeling of crossing fibers. Combination with navigated ultrasonography provided a three-dimensional estimation of intraoperative brain shift and, therefore, improved the reliability of neuronavigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Linsenmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - György A Homola
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas J Bartsch
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Center for Radiology, Bamberg, Germany; FMRIB Centre, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf-Ingo Ernestus
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Westermaier
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mario Löhr
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Roessler K, Hofmann A, Sommer B, Grummich P, Coras R, Kasper BS, Hamer HM, Blumcke I, Stefan H, Nimsky C, Buchfelder M. Resective surgery for medically refractory epilepsy using intraoperative MRI and functional neuronavigation: the Erlangen experience of 415 patients. Neurosurg Focus 2016; 40:E15. [DOI: 10.3171/2015.12.focus15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Intraoperative overestimation of resection volume in epilepsy surgery is a well-known problem that can lead to an unfavorable seizure outcome. Intraoperative MRI (iMRI) combined with neuronavigation may help surgeons avoid this pitfall and facilitate visualization and targeting of sometimes ill-defined heterogeneous lesions or epileptogenic zones and may increase the number of complete resections and improve seizure outcome.
METHODS
To investigate this hypothesis, the authors conducted a retrospective clinical study of consecutive surgical procedures performed during a 10-year period for epilepsy in which they used neuronavigation combined with iMRI and functional imaging (functional MRI for speech and motor areas; diffusion tensor imaging for pyramidal, speech, and visual tracts; and magnetoencephalography and electrocorticography for spike detection). Altogether, there were 415 patients (192 female and 223 male, mean age 37.2 years; 41% left-sided lesions and 84.9% temporal epileptogenic zones). The mean preoperative duration of epilepsy was 17.5 years. The most common epilepsy-associated pathologies included hippocampal sclerosis (n = 146 [35.2%]), long-term epilepsy-associated tumor (LEAT) (n = 67 [16.1%]), cavernoma (n = 45 [10.8%]), focal cortical dysplasia (n = 31 [7.5%]), and epilepsy caused by scar tissue (n = 23 [5.5%]).
RESULTS
In 11.8% (n = 49) of the surgeries, an intraoperative second-look surgery (SLS) after incomplete resection verified by iMRI had to be performed. Of those incomplete resections, LEATs were involved most often (40.8% of intraoperative SLSs, 29.9% of patients with LEAT). In addition, 37.5% (6 of 16) of patients in the diffuse glioma group and 12.9% of the patients with focal cortical dysplasia underwent an SLS. Moreover, iMRI provided additional advantages during implantation of grid, strip, and depth electrodes and enabled intraoperative correction of electrode position in 13.0% (3 of 23) of the cases. Altogether, an excellent seizure outcome (Engel Class I) was found in 72.7% of the patients during a mean follow-up of 36 months (range 3 months to 10.8 years). The greatest likelihood of an Engel Class I outcome was found in patients with cavernoma (83.7%), hippocampal sclerosis (78.8%), and LEAT (75.8%). Operative revisions that resulted from infection occurred in 0.3% of the patients, from hematomas in 1.6%, and from hydrocephalus in 0.8%. Severe visual field defects were found in 5.2% of the patients, aphasia in 5.7%, and hemiparesis in 2.7%, and the total mortality rate was 0%.
CONCLUSIONS
Neuronavigation combined with iMRI was beneficial during surgical procedures for epilepsy and led to favorable seizure outcome with few specific complications. A significantly higher resection volume associated with a higher chance of favorable seizure outcome was found, especially in lesional epilepsy involving LEAT or diffuse glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hajo M. Hamer
- 3Neurology, Epilepsy Centre, University Hospital Erlangen; and
| | | | - Hermann Stefan
- 3Neurology, Epilepsy Centre, University Hospital Erlangen; and
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25
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The influence of intraoperative resection control modalities on survival following gross total resection of glioblastoma. Neurosurg Rev 2016; 39:401-9. [PMID: 26860420 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-015-0698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to analyze the impact of intraoperative resection control modalities on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) following gross total resection (GTR) of glioblastoma. We analyzed data of 76 glioblastoma patients (30f, mean age 57.4 ± 11.6 years) operated at our institution between 2009 and 2012. Patients were only included if GTR was achieved as judged by early postoperative high-field MRI. Intraoperative technical resection control modalities comprised intraoperative ultrasound (ioUS, n = 48), intraoperative low-field MRI (ioMRI, n = 22), and a control group without either modality (n = 11). The primary endpoint of our study was OS, and the secondary endpoint was PFS-both analyzed in Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards models. Median OS in all 76 glioblastoma patients after GTR was 20.4 months (95 % confidence interval (CI) 18.5-29.0)-median OS in patients where GTR was achieved using ioUS was prolonged (21.9 months) compared to those without ioUS usage (18.8 months). A multiple Cox model adjusting for age, preop Karnofsky performance status, tumor volume, and the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid showed a beneficial effect of ioUS use, and the estimated hazard ratio was 0.63 (95 % CI 0.31-1.2, p = 0.18) in favor of ioUS, however not reaching statistical significance. A similar effect was found for PFS (hazard ratio 0.59, p = 0.072). GTR of glioblastoma performed with ioUS guidance was associated with prolonged OS and PFS. IoUS should be compared to other resection control devices in larger patient cohorts.
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26
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Sanai N, Berger MS. Techniques in the Resection of Gliomas. Neurooncol Pract 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/nop/npv048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Miller D, Sure U. Current Standards and Future Perspectives in Intraoperative Ultrasound. Neurooncol Pract 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/nop/npv047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Kazanci A, Gurcan O, Gurcay A, Bozkurt I, Algin O, Turkoglu O, Bavbek M. A simple, safe and effective surface marking and targeting method combined with intraoperative ultrasonography for small subcortical intracranial lesions. J Neurosurg Sci 2015; 63:270-279. [PMID: 26173480 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.16.03336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurately locating small subcortical brain lesions is very important for maximal surgical resection with minimal neurological damage. Intraoperative MRI has proved to be more precise than ultrasound, it is relatively expensive and is not available in all centers. Herein we describe a new, simple, safe and effective method for determining a small skin incision and craniotomy via skin staples combined with intraoperative ultrasonography to determine the margins, vascularity and residue of the lesion. METHODS Thirty-three patients with small subcortical lesions were admitted into the study. The maximum diameter of the lesions ranged between 18 and 30 mm. The depth of the lesion was described as the distance between the cortical surface and most outer point of the lesion. The mean of the depth of the lesions was 10.56 mm ranging between 3.3 and 18.7 mm. Multiple skin staples were used as irremovable skin markers. Before and after dural incision, ultrasound was used to assess the lesion size and location, its relationship with the surrounding tissue and the Doppler function to reveal the blood supply to the lesion. RESULTS In this study mean craniotomy diameter was 44 mm ranging between 32-55 mm. The location, extent, characteristics and adjacent tissue of the lesion were observed by high frequency ultrasonography during the operation. CONCLUSIONS We describe a simple, safe and effective method for determining a small skin incision and craniotomy combined with intraoperative ultrasound for small subcortical intracranial lesions for health center that does not have intraoperative MRI and navigation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Kazanci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey -
| | - Oktay Gurcan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gurcay
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Bozkurt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oktay Algin
- Department of Radiology, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Omer Turkoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murad Bavbek
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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29
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Moiyadi AV. Linear intraoperative ultrasound probes and phased-array probes: two sides of the same coin. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015; 157:957-8. [PMID: 25762190 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-015-2386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aliasgar V Moiyadi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC) and Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India,
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30
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Coburger J, Scheuerle A, Kapapa T, Engelke J, Thal DR, Wirtz CR, König R. Sensitivity and specificity of linear array intraoperative ultrasound in glioblastoma surgery: a comparative study with high field intraoperative MRI and conventional sector array ultrasound. Neurosurg Rev 2015; 38:499-509; discussion 509. [DOI: 10.1007/s10143-015-0627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Coburger J, Scheuerle A, Thal DR, Engelke J, Hlavac M, Wirtz CR, König R. Linear array ultrasound in low-grade glioma surgery: histology-based assessment of accuracy in comparison to conventional intraoperative ultrasound and intraoperative MRI. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015; 157:195-206. [PMID: 25559430 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-014-2314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In low-grade glioma (LGG) surgery, intraoperative differentiation between tumor and most likely tumor-free brain tissue can be challenging. Intraoperative ultrasound can facilitate tumor resection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of linear array ultrasound in comparison to conventional intraoperative ultrasound (cioUS) and intraoperative high-field MRI (iMRI). METHODS We prospectively enrolled 13 patients harboring a LGG of WHO Grade II. After assumed near total removal, a resection control was performed using navigated cioUS, navigated lioUS, and iMRI. We harvested 30 navigated biopsies from the resection cavity and compared the histopathological findings with the respective imaging results. Spearman's rho was calculated to test for significant correlations. Sensitivity and specificity as well as receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were calculated to assess test performance of each imaging modality. RESULTS Imaging results of lioUS correlated significantly (p < 0.009) with iMRI. Both iMRI and lioUS correlated significantly with final histopathological diagnosis (p < 0.006, p < 0.014). cioUS did not correlate with other imaging findings or with final diagnosis. The highest sensitivity for residual tumor detection was found in iMRI (83 %), followed by lioUS (79 %). The sensitivity of cioUS was only 21 %. Specificity was highest in cioUS (100 %), whereas iMRI and lioUS both achieved 67 %. ROC curves showed fair results for iMRI and lioUS and a poor result for cioUS. CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative resection control in LGGs using lioUS reaches a degree of accuracy close to iMRI. Test results of lioUS are superior to cioUS. cioUS often fails to discriminate solid tumors from "normal" brain tissue during resection control. Only in lesions <10 cc cioUS does show good accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Coburger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Ludwig Heilmeyerstr. 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany,
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