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de Zwart B, Ruis C. An update on tests used for intraoperative monitoring of cognition during awake craniotomy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:204. [PMID: 38713405 PMCID: PMC11076349 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-06062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mapping higher-order cognitive functions during awake brain surgery is important for cognitive preservation which is related to postoperative quality of life. A systematic review from 2018 about neuropsychological tests used during awake craniotomy made clear that until 2017 language was most often monitored and that the other cognitive domains were underexposed (Ruis, J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 40(10):1081-1104, 218). The field of awake craniotomy and cognitive monitoring is however developing rapidly. The aim of the current review is therefore, to investigate whether there is a change in the field towards incorporation of new tests and more complete mapping of (higher-order) cognitive functions. METHODS We replicated the systematic search of the study from 2018 in PubMed and Embase from February 2017 to November 2023, yielding 5130 potentially relevant articles. We used the artificial machine learning tool ASReview for screening and included 272 papers that gave a detailed description of the neuropsychological tests used during awake craniotomy. RESULTS Comparable to the previous study of 2018, the majority of studies (90.4%) reported tests for assessing language functions (Ruis, J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 40(10):1081-1104, 218). Nevertheless, an increasing number of studies now also describe tests for monitoring visuospatial functions, social cognition, and executive functions. CONCLUSIONS Language remains the most extensively tested cognitive domain. However, a broader range of tests are now implemented during awake craniotomy and there are (new developed) tests which received more attention. The rapid development in the field is reflected in the included studies in this review. Nevertheless, for some cognitive domains (e.g., executive functions and memory), there is still a need for developing tests that can be used during awake surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beleke de Zwart
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institution, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Carla Ruis
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institution, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Bu L, Lu J, Zhang J, Wu J. Intraoperative Cognitive Mapping Tasks for Direct Electrical Stimulation in Clinical and Neuroscientific Contexts. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:612891. [PMID: 33762913 PMCID: PMC7982856 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.612891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct electrical stimulation (DES) has been widely applied in both guidance of lesion resection and scientific research; however, the design and selection of intraoperative cognitive mapping tasks have not been updated in a very long time. We introduce updated mapping tasks for language and non-language functions and provide recommendations for optimal design and selection of intraoperative mapping tasks. In addition, with DES becoming more critical in current neuroscientific research, a task design that has not been widely used in DES yet (subtraction and conjunction paradigms) was introduced for more delicate mapping of brain functions especially for research purposes. We also illustrate the importance of designing a common task series for DES and other non-invasive mapping techniques. This review gives practical updated guidelines for advanced application of DES in clinical and neuroscientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Bu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Zhangjiang Lab, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Zhangjiang Lab, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Zhangjiang Lab, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Zhangjiang Lab, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
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