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Perng PS, Chang Y, Sun YT, Wang HK, Jiang YS, Lee JS, Wang LC, Huang CY. Endovascular treatment in bilateral cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7108. [PMID: 37528115 PMCID: PMC10394050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31864-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have discussed the disease nature and treatment outcomes for bilateral cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (CSDAVF). This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of bilateral CSDAVF. Embase, Medline, and Cochrane library were searched for studies that specified the outcomes of bilateral CSDAVF from inception to April 2022. The classification, clinical presentation, angiographic feature, surgical approach, and treatment outcomes were collected. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model. Eight studies reporting 97 patients were included. The clinical presentation was mainly orbital (n = 80), cavernous (n = 52) and cerebral (n = 5) symptoms. The most approached surgical route was inferior petrosal sinus (n = 80), followed by superior orbital vein (n = 10), and alternative approach (n = 7). Clinical symptoms of 88% of the patients (95% CI 80-93%, I2 = 0%) were cured, and 82% (95% CI 70-90%, I2 = 7%) had angiographic complete obliteration of fistulas during follow up. The overall complication rate was 18% (95% CI 11-27%, I2 = 0%). Therefore, endovascular treatment is an effective treatment for bilateral CSDAVF regarding clinical or angiographic outcomes. However, detailed evaluation of preoperative images and comprehensive surgical planning of the approach route are mandatory owing to complexity of the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang-Shuo Perng
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ting Sun
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Kuang Wang
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Jiang
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Shun Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chao Wang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Huang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.
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Lee SH, Park H, Lee K, Hwang SH, Lee CH, Kang DH, Go KO. Venous outflow-targeted coil embolization of direct carotid-cavernous fistulas. Interv Neuroradiol 2023; 29:251-259. [PMID: 35238235 PMCID: PMC10369117 DOI: 10.1177/15910199221084787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coil embolization is the mainstay treatment for carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs). However, few studies have reported entire occlusion of engorged veins to interrupt venous outflow. We report our experience with venous outflow-targeted coil embolization of direct CCFs. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all the patients diagnosed with direct CCFs treated with venous outflow-targeted coil embolization between November 2013 and February 2020. Venous outflow-targeted coil embolization of the CCFs was performed as follows. First, transarterial stent-assisted coil embolization of CCFs was performed. If the venous outflow to the engorged veins persisted after transarterial stent-assisted coil embolization, entire occlusion of the engorged veins and additional coil packing within the cavernous sinus were performed to interrupt the venous outflow. RESULTS Ten patients had undergone venous outflow-targeted coil embolization, 6 women (60%) and 4 men (40%). Transfemoral cerebral angiography showed high-flow, direct CCFs in all the patients. Venous outflow occurred through the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) in all the patients and was completely interrupted by the entire occlusion of the engorged veins with fibered coils. Three patients (30%) had undergone additional treatment in a supplementary manner because of recurrent symptoms (chemosis in 1 patient, faint tinnitus in 2 patients) in the early postprocedural period (1 to 4 weeks). All the symptoms were resolved on follow-up. No additional recurrence was found during follow-up (1-75 months). No peri-procedural complications were encountered. CONCLUSIONS Venous outflow-targeted coil embolization of CCFs would be a safe and effective treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyub Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Graduate School of Medicine, Jinju-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hee Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-O Go
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
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Satow T. Endovascular Treatment of Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae: Review of the Literature and Current Status. JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOVASCULAR THERAPY 2020; 14:572-582. [PMID: 37502143 PMCID: PMC10370658 DOI: 10.5797/jnet.ra.2020-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulae (CSdAVFs) are characterized by the shunts between dural arteries and dural veins surrounding the cavernous sinus (CS), causing ocular symptoms in addition to intracranial hemorrhage and infarction. As surgical access is difficult, endovascular treatment (EVT) has been considered and performed as the first-line therapy for decades. Although there have been recent advances in techniques and devices, transvenous embolization (TVE) with platinum coils remains the most common procedure. There are multiple access routes to the CS, such as the inferior petrosal sinus, superior ophthalmic vein (SOV), and intercavernous sinus from the contralateral CS. To extirpate the shunt, packing the entire sinus with coils is adopted, occasionally resulting in persistent cranial nerve palsy (CNP) due to compression of the coil mass. To avoid this complication, selective shunt occlusion (SSO), in which the coils are placed in the shunted pouch (SP) defined by the small restricted space where the arterial flow converges, is an effective and safe method. Transarterial embolization (TAE) is another option and use of liquid embolic materials, such as Onyx may be promising; however, the potential risk of ischemic nerve injury due to undesirable ante/retrograde influx of the liquid materials is of concern. In conclusion, EVT, especially TVE, is a safe and effective method for managing CSdAVFs. Understanding the angioanatomy consisting of the feeding artery, shunt point, and the drainage route, including the latent vessels, is essential for a good outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Satow
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Hou K, Li G, Luan T, Xu K, Yu J. Endovascular treatment of the cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula: current status and considerations. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1121-1130. [PMID: 32410842 PMCID: PMC7211155 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (CS-DAVF) is an abnormal arteriovenous communication involving the dura mater within or near the CS wall. The dural arteries from the internal carotid artery and external carotid artery supply the CS-DAVF, and the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) and inferior petrous sinus (IPS) are frequent venous drainers. In CS-DAVF cases, high-risk lesions require treatment. Endovascular treatment (EVT) has been the first-line option for CS-DAVFs. To our knowledge, a review of the EVT of CS-DAVFs is lacking. Therefore, in this paper, we review the available literature on this issue. In addition, some illustrative cases are also provided to more concisely expound the EVT of CS-DAVFs. According to the recent literature, transvenous embolization via the IPS is considered the most effective method for EVT of CS-DAVFs. In addition, the transorbital approach is another reasonable choice. Other venous approaches can also be tried. Because of the low cure rate, transarterial embolization for CS-DAVFs is limited to only highly selected patients. In the EVT of CS-DAVFs, various agents have been used, including coil, Onyx, and n-butyl cyanoacrylate, with coil being the preferred one. In addition, when EVT cannot obliterate the CS-DAVF, stereotactic radiotherapy may be considered. In general, despite various complications, EVT is a feasible and effective method to manage CS-DAVFs by way of various access routes and can yield a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guichen Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Tengfei Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Kan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinlu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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