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Goldman MJ, Baskin AM, Sharpe MA, Baskin DS. Advances in gene therapy for high-grade glioma: a review of the clinical evidence. Expert Rev Neurother 2024; 24:879-895. [PMID: 39090786 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2024.2376847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-grade glioma (HGG) is one of the most deadly and difficult cancers to treat. Despite intense research efforts, there has not been a significant breakthrough in treatment outcomes since the early 2000's. Anti-glioma gene therapy has demonstrated promise in preclinical studies and is under investigation in numerous clinical trials. AREAS COVERED This manuscript reviews the current landscape of clinical trials exploring gene therapy treatment of HGG. Using information from clinicaltrials.gov, all trials initiated within the past 5 years (2018-2023) as well as other important trials were cataloged and reviewed. This review discusses trial details, innovative methodologies, and concurrent pharmacological interventions. The review also delves into the subtypes of gene therapy used, trends over time, and future directions. EXPERT OPINION Trials are in the early stages (phase I or II), and there are reports of clinical efficacy in published results. Synergistic effects utilizing immunotherapy within or alongside gene therapy are emerging as a promising avenue for future breakthroughs. Considerable heterogeneity exists across trials concerning administration route, vector selection, drug combinations, and intervention timing. Earlier intervention in newly diagnosed HGG and avoidance of corticosteroids may improve efficacy in future trials. The results from ongoing trials demonstrate promising potential for molding the future landscape of HGG care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Goldman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra M Baskin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martyn A Sharpe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David S Baskin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Texas A & M Medical School
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Cruz-Garza JG, Bhenderu LS, Taghlabi KM, Frazee KP, Guerrero JR, Hogan MK, Humes F, Rostomily RC, Horner PJ, Faraji AH. Electrokinetic convection-enhanced delivery for infusion into the brain from a hydrogel reservoir. Commun Biol 2024; 7:869. [PMID: 39020197 PMCID: PMC11255224 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrokinetic convection-enhanced delivery (ECED) utilizes an external electric field to drive the delivery of molecules and bioactive substances to local regions of the brain through electroosmosis and electrophoresis, without the need for an applied pressure. We characterize the implementation of ECED to direct a neutrally charged fluorophore (3 kDa) from a doped biocompatible acrylic acid/acrylamide hydrogel placed on the cortical surface. We compare fluorophore infusion profiles using ECED (time = 30 min, current = 50 µA) and diffusion-only control trials, for ex vivo (N = 18) and in vivo (N = 12) experiments. The linear intensity profile of infusion to the brain is significantly higher in ECED compared to control trials, both for in vivo and ex vivo. The linear distance of infusion, area of infusion, and the displacement of peak fluorescence intensity along the direction of infusion in ECED trials compared to control trials are significantly larger for in vivo trials, but not for ex vivo trials. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of ECED to direct a solute from a surface hydrogel towards inside the brain parenchyma based predominantly on the electroosmotic vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus G Cruz-Garza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Neural Systems Restoration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Lokeshwar S Bhenderu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Neural Systems Restoration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Khaled M Taghlabi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neural Systems Restoration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kendall P Frazee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Engineering, Texas A&M, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jaime R Guerrero
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew K Hogan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neural Systems Restoration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frances Humes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert C Rostomily
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip J Horner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neural Systems Restoration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amir H Faraji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Neural Systems Restoration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
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Qiu L, Xu E, Chambule S, LaTourette P, Dyer CD, Wallace CK, Donocoff R, Wilson JM, Lucas TH, Chen HI. Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Frameless Stereotactic Injections of the Bilateral Cerebellar Dentate Nuclei in Nonhuman Primates: Technical Note. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2024:01787389-990000000-01040. [PMID: 38310346 DOI: 10.1227/ons.0000000000001050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are important preclinical models for evaluating therapeutics because of their anatomophysiological similarities to humans, and can be especially useful for testing new delivery targets. With the growing promise of cell and gene therapies for the treatment of neurological diseases, it is important to ensure the accurate and safe delivery of these agents to target structures in the brain. However, a standard guideline or method has not been developed for stereotactic targeting in NHPs. In this article, we describe the safe use of a magnetic resonance imaging-guided frameless stereotactic system to target bilateral cerebellar dentate nuclei for accurate, real-time delivery of viral vector in NHPs. METHODS Seventeen rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) underwent stereotactic surgery under real-time MRI guidance using the ClearPoint® system. Bilateral cerebellar dentate nuclei were targeted through a single parietal entry point with a transtentorial approach. Fifty microliters of contrast-impregnated infusate was delivered to each dentate nucleus, and adjustments were made as necessary according to real-time MRI monitoring of delivery. Perioperative clinical outcomes and postoperative volumes of distribution were recorded. RESULTS All macaques underwent bilateral surgery successfully. Superficial pin site infection occurred in 4/17 (23.5%) subjects, which resolved with antibiotics. Two episodes of transient neurological deficit (anisocoria and unilateral weakness) were recorded, which did not require additional postoperative treatment and resolved over time. Volume of distribution of infusate achieved satisfactory coverage of target dentate nuclei, and only 1 incidence (2.9%) of cerebrospinal fluid penetration was recorded. Mean volume of distribution was 161.22 ± 39.61 mm3 (left, 173.65 ± 48.29; right, 148.80 ± 23.98). CONCLUSION MRI-guided frameless stereotactic injection of bilateral cerebellar dentate nuclei in NHPs is safe and feasible. The use of this technique enables real-time modification of the surgical plan to achieve adequate target coverage and can be readily translated to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sydney Chambule
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Philip LaTourette
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Current Affiliation: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cecilia D Dyer
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chelsea K Wallace
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rachel Donocoff
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Current Affiliation: Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - James M Wilson
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy H Lucas
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - H Isaac Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Silant'ev VE, Shmelev ME, Belousov AS, Patlay AA, Shatilov RA, Farniev VM, Kumeiko VV. How to Develop Drug Delivery System Based on Carbohydrate Nanoparticles Targeted to Brain Tumors. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112516. [PMID: 37299315 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are the most difficult to treat, not only because of the variety of their forms and the small number of effective chemotherapeutic agents capable of suppressing tumor cells, but also limited by poor drug transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles are promising drug delivery solutions promoted by the expansion of nanotechnology, emerging in the creation and practical use of materials in the range from 1 to 500 nm. Carbohydrate-based nanoparticles is a unique platform for active molecular transport and targeted drug delivery, providing biocompatibility, biodegradability, and a reduction in toxic side effects. However, the design and fabrication of biopolymer colloidal nanomaterials have been and remain highly challenging to date. Our review is devoted to the description of carbohydrate nanoparticle synthesis and modification, with a brief overview of the biological and promising clinical outcomes. We also expect this manuscript to highlight the great potential of carbohydrate nanocarriers for drug delivery and targeted treatment of gliomas of various grades and glioblastomas, as the most aggressive of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir E Silant'ev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Processes, Institute of Chemistry, FEB RAS, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Mikhail E Shmelev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Andrei S Belousov
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Aleksandra A Patlay
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Roman A Shatilov
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vladislav M Farniev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vadim V Kumeiko
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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Markowicz-Piasecka M, Darłak P, Markiewicz A, Sikora J, Kumar Adla S, Bagina S, Huttunen KM. Current approaches to facilitate improved drug delivery to the central nervous system. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 181:249-262. [PMID: 36372271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Although many pharmaceuticals have therapeutic potentials for central nervous system (CNS) diseases, few of these agents have been effectively administered. It is due to the fact that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSF) restrict them from crossing the brain to exert biological activity. This article reviews the current approaches aiming to improve penetration across these barriers for effective drug delivery to the CNS. These issues are summarized into direct systemic delivery and invasive delivery, including the BBB disruption and convection enhanced delivery. Furthermore, novel drug delivery systems used at the nanoscale, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, and micelles are discussed. These nanocarriers could contribute to a breakthrough in the treatment of many different CNS diseases. However, further broadened studies are needed to assess the biocompatibility and safety of these medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Markowicz-Piasecka
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Darłak
- Students Research Group, Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agata Markiewicz
- Students Research Group, Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Sikora
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Santosh Kumar Adla
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, POB 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry (IOCB), Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 542/2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Sreelatha Bagina
- Charles River Discovery Research Services Finland Oy, Neulaniementie 4, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina M Huttunen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, POB 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Zelek WM, Morgan BP. Targeting complement in neurodegeneration: challenges, risks, and strategies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:615-628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ruiz-López E, Schuhmacher AJ. Transportation of Single-Domain Antibodies through the Blood-Brain Barrier. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081131. [PMID: 34439797 PMCID: PMC8394617 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-domain antibodies derive from the heavy-chain-only antibodies of Camelidae (camel, dromedary, llama, alpaca, vicuñas, and guananos; i.e., nanobodies) and cartilaginous fishes (i.e., VNARs). Their small size, antigen specificity, plasticity, and potential to recognize unique conformational epitopes represent a diagnostic and therapeutic opportunity for many central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. However, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) poses a challenge for their delivery into the brain parenchyma. Nevertheless, numerous neurological diseases and brain pathologies, including cancer, result in BBB leakiness favoring single-domain antibodies uptake into the CNS. Some single-domain antibodies have been reported to naturally cross the BBB. In addition, different strategies and methods to deliver both nanobodies and VNARs into the brain parenchyma can be exploited when the BBB is intact. These include device-based and physicochemical disruption of the BBB, receptor and adsorptive-mediated transcytosis, somatic gene transfer, and the use of carriers/shuttles such as cell-penetrating peptides, liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and nanoparticles. Approaches based on single-domain antibodies are reaching the clinic for other diseases. Several tailoring methods can be followed to favor the transport of nanobodies and VNARs to the CNS, avoiding the limitations imposed by the BBB to fulfill their therapeutic, diagnostic, and theragnostic promises for the benefit of patients suffering from CNS pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ruiz-López
- Molecular Oncology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Alberto J. Schuhmacher
- Molecular Oncology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Fundación Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo (ARAID), 500018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence:
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