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Wilcox GE. 'Hope' is the thing with feathers: Student midwifery outside the system. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 143:106396. [PMID: 39278182 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Midwifery in Australia, and across other high-income countries with Westernised care arrangements, is reaching crisis point; an overrun, overworked, and underfunded maternity system causing traumatised and disenfranchised midwives to leave the profession in droves. However, there is also an underreported student midwife retention crisis negatively affecting the profession. Student midwives, becoming disempowered and disillusioned after facing the climate of collective trauma within the system, are leaving their studies at unprecedented rates. The literature explores a number of tangible reasons for this attrition. However, Emily Dickinson's "Hope - the thing with feathers, That perches in the soul, And sings the tune without the words, And never stops - At all." may be a groundbreaking protective element in the retention of student midwives not only through their studies but also for long and prosperous careers. Hope is more pervasive than resilience, more substantial than tenacity, and more empowering than any other incentives. Hope hides in the relational aspects of midwifery, in women transitioning from maidenhood to motherhood in their power. Exposure to midwifery outside the system, may help student midwives find "the thing with feathers" and reinvigorate their egalitarianism, support their professional philosophy, and ultimately retain them through their studies and beyond.
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Moran L, Capper T, Gupta M, Meedya S, Mendez S. Financial hardship and Australian midwifery students: A scoping review and thematic analysis. Women Birth 2024; 37:101640. [PMID: 38959594 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2024.101640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM Despite the pressing need to grow the Australian midwifery workforce, the rising cost of living is making midwifery education programs unaffordable for many. Understanding of the financial hardships faced by Australian midwifery students is currently limited. BACKGROUND Attrition from midwifery programs is high and rising. In Australia, this is further compounded by the financial pressures brought about by the cost-of-living crisis. Attending compulsory unremunerated clinical placements and being 'on call' for continuity of care experiences contributes to the financial challenges of midwifery students. AIM To identify and synthesise available literature addressing financial hardship faced by Australian midwifery students during their studies. METHODS Arksey and O'Malley's framework guided this scoping review. Six databases were searched between January 2020 and April 2024. The key findings of eight included papers were thematically analysed. FINDINGS Four themes were identified; "Attending placements and supporting COCE's as key contributors to financial hardship", "Impacts of financial hardship on midwifery students and their wider family", "Impacts upon the future growth and diversity of the profession" and "The need for universal financial support". DISCUSSION The findings highlight the nature of financial challenges, causational factors and the consequences of financial hardship associated with completing midwifery programs in Australia. Appropriate universal financial support is urgently needed if we are to grow and sustain the midwifery workforce. CONCLUSION With no primary studies specifically exploring financial hardship faced by Australian midwifery students, further research is required to understand the challenges they face and evaluate the efficacy of funding initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnelle Moran
- Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
| | - Tanya Capper
- Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Rod, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia.
| | - Meena Gupta
- Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Shahla Meedya
- Australian Catholic University, 22 Main Street, Blacktown, NSW 2148, Australia
| | - Sarah Mendez
- Australian Catholic University, 22 Main Street, Blacktown, NSW 2148, Australia
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Prussing E, Kinsman L, Jacob A, Doust J, Guy F, Tierney O. Everyone should have their own midwife: Women's and staff experiences during the implementation of two midwifery continuity of care models in regional Australia. Women Birth 2024; 37:101807. [PMID: 39208507 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2024.101807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM Midwifery Continuity of Care (MCoC) remains inaccessible for most Australian women; this is especially true in rural and regional areas. BACKGROUND Strong evidence demonstrates MCoC models improve experiences for women and their babies and are also shown to improve midwifery workforce wellbeing. However, implementation and upscale remains limited. AIM To explore the views and experiences of implementing MCoC for both staff and women, understanding their experiences, concerns and solutions in a regional context. METHODS Qualitative data was collected via focus groups with women and healthcare staff, at six and twelve month post implementation. Data was thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke six step process. FINDINGS The findings support that 'women love it' and midwives working in the new MCoC model 'loved their job'. The major concern was that not all women could access the model and disconnected communication was problematic during implementation. 'Sharing stories' was a solution to overcoming these issues and promoting the positive impact of MCoC - in particular ways of working and adaption to an all-risk midwifery group practice. DISCUSSION This study supports widespread evidence that MCoC is valued by both women and staff. In a regional context it is important to recognise challenges faced during implementation and identifying solutions that other maternity services could consider when implementing MCoC. CONCLUSION The study offers strong recommendation for regional areas to consider MGP to maintain safe, quality local maternity services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysse Prussing
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Leigh Kinsman
- Centre for Rural and Remote Health, Latrobe University, Bendigo, Australia. https://twitter.com/@LDKinsman
| | - Alycia Jacob
- Centre for Rural and Remote Health, Latrobe University, Bendigo, Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Jenni Doust
- Mid North Coast Local Health District, New South Wales Health, Australia
| | - Frances Guy
- Mid North Coast Local Health District, New South Wales Health, Australia
| | - Olivia Tierney
- Mid North Coast Local Health District, New South Wales Health, Australia. https://twitter.com/@OliviaTierney9
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Donnelly E, Lee J, Donnellan-Fernandez R. Understanding attrition of early career midwives in Australia. Women Birth 2024; 37:101636. [PMID: 38917646 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2024.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM There is a lack of understanding of the experiences of early career midwives which lead to workforce attrition. BACKGROUND In the Australian midwifery setting, workforce attrition in conjunction with the ageing profile of the workforce is of increasing concern. Midwives in the earliest stages of their career are most vulnerable to career attrition, however limited research specifically engages with this cohort. AIM To understand the professional and social circumstances that led early career midwives to leave clinical practice, how their midwifery background influenced career trajectories, and what would compel them to return to clinical practice. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 early career midwives who had left the profession within 5 years of qualification. Transcripts underwent thematic analysis. FINDINGS Three themes described early career midwives' experiences: transition to professional practice, an untenable workplace culture, mental health impacts of early clinical midwifery practice. Two further themes emerged about experiences post-midwifery careers: influence of midwifery on subsequent career, and conditions for re-entry. DISCUSSION Challenges with transitioning to professional midwifery practice in conjunction with untenable workplace culture led to such deterioration in wellbeing that remaining within the profession became unfeasible for early career midwives. Desire to remain within health care was apparent, however re-entry to the profession was deemed by most to be out of the question. CONCLUSION Early workforce retention strategies should be the focus of future workforce planning and policy. Larger scale inquiry foregrounding early career midwives is necessary to inform strategies for midwifery workforce retention in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Donnelly
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jessica Lee
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
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Brundell K, Vasilevski V, Farrell T, Sweet L. Sustainability of rural Victorian maternity services: 'We can work together'. Women Birth 2024; 37:101596. [PMID: 38492507 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2024.101596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rural maternity service closures and service level reductions are continually increasing across Victoria. There is limited understanding of how rural board members and executives make decisions about their maternity service's operations and sustainability. AIM To examine perspectives of rural Victorian board members and executives on the sustainability of rural maternity services. METHODS This was a qualitative study. Interviews were conducted via Zoom™ with 16 rural Victorian hospital board members and executives. Data were thematically analysed. FINDINGS Severe shortages in the rural maternity workforce, primarily midwives, have contributed to service sustainability decisions. Challenges in offering midwifery workforce incentives cause difficulty in overcoming workforce shortages. A rural maternity workforce strategy harnessing connection with regional services was called for. Innovative models of maternity care were often actioned at the point of service suspension or closure. Participants requested a government policy position and funding for innovative, safe, and sustainable models of care in rural settings. DISCUSSION There is an opportunity for workforce planning to occur between regional and rural services to ensure the development of sustainable maternity models such as midwifery group practice and incentivise the workforce to address current deficits and sustain service provision. CONCLUSION Models of care developed with rural communities, in collaboration with regional services, have the potential to strengthen the delivery of safe, sustainable maternity services. Workforce modelling and centralised government policies aimed at arresting workforce deficits are suggested to provide rural health service leaders with strategic and operational directions to support the delivery of safe, sustainable maternity services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kath Brundell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Vidanka Vasilevski
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Western Health Partnership, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tanya Farrell
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Western Health Partnership, Victoria, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Latrobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Linda Sweet
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Western Health Partnership, Victoria, Australia
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Razavinia F, Abedi P, Iravani M, Mohammadi E, Cheraghian B, Jahanfar S, Najafian M. The effect of a midwifery continuity of care program on clinical competence of midwifery students and delivery outcomes: a mixed-methods protocol. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:338. [PMID: 38532384 PMCID: PMC10967075 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The midwifery continuity of care model is one of the care models that have not been evaluated well in some countries including Iran. We aimed to assess the effect of a program based on this model on the clinical competence of midwifery students and delivery outcomes in Ahvaz, Iran. METHODS This sequential embedded mixed-methods study will include a quantitative and a qualitative phase. In the first stage, based on the Iranian midwifery curriculum and review of seminal midwifery texts, a questionnaire will be developed to assess midwifery students' clinical competence. Then, in the second stage, the quantitative phase (randomized clinical trial) will be conducted to see the effect of continuity of care provided by students on maternal and neonatal outcomes. In the third stage, a qualitative study (conventional content analysis) will be carried out to investigate the students' and mothers' perception of continuity of care. Finally, the results of the quantitative and qualitative phases will be integrated. DISCUSSION According to the nature of the study, the findings of this research can be effectively used in providing conventional midwifery services in public centers and in midwifery education. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (IR.AJUMS.REC.1401.460). Also, the study protocol was registered in the Iranian Registry for Randomized Controlled Trials (IRCT20221227056938N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Razavinia
- Midwifery Department, Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Midwifery Department, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parvin Abedi
- Midwifery Department, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundisahpur University of Medical Sciences, Golestan BLvd, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mina Iravani
- Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Midwifery Department, Nursing and Midwifery School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Eesa Mohammadi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- MPH Program, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Mahin Najafian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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McKellar L, Fleet JA, Adelson P. 'There is no other option': Exploring health care providers' experiences implementing regional multisite midwifery model of care in South Australia. Aust J Rural Health 2024; 32:67-79. [PMID: 37983900 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the past 30 years, 60% of South Australia's rural maternity units have closed. Evidence demonstrates midwifery models of care offer regional Australia sustainable birthing services. Five birthing sites within the York and Northern Region of South Australia, designed in collaboration with key stakeholders, offered a new all-risk midwifery continuity of care model (MMoC). All pregnant women in the region were allocated to a known midwife once pregnancy was confirmed. In July 2019, the pilot program was implemented and an evaluation undertaken. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, acceptability, and sustainability of the new midwifery model of care from the perspective of health care providers. DESIGN The evaluation utilised a mixed methods design using focus groups and surveys to explore experiences of health care providers impacted by the implementation of the MMoC. This paper reports on midwives, doctors and nurses experiences at different time points, to gain insight into the model of care from the care providers impacted by the change to services. FINDINGS The first round of focus groups included 14 midwives, 6 hospital nurses/midwives and 5 doctors with the overarching theme that the 'MMoC was working well.' The second round of focus groups were undertaken across the five sites with 10 midwives, 9 hospital nurses/midwives and 5 doctors. The overarching theme captured all participants commitment to the MMoC, with agreement that 'there is no other option - it has to work'. DISCUSSION All participants reported positive outcomes and a strong commitment to navigate the changes required to implement the new model of care. Collaboration and communication was expressed as key elements for success. Specific challenges and complexities were evident including a need to clarify expectations and the workload for midwives, and for nurses who were accustomed to having midwives 24 hours a day in hospitals. CONCLUSION This innovative model responds to challenges in providing rural maternity care and offers a sustainable model for maternity services and workforce. There is an overwhelming commitment and consensus that there is 'no other option-it has to work'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois McKellar
- Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Julie-Anne Fleet
- Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Pamela Adelson
- Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Pelak H, Dahlen HG, Keedle H. A content analysis of women's experiences of different models of maternity care: the Birth Experience Study (BESt). BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:864. [PMID: 38102547 PMCID: PMC10722666 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-06130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy, birth, and early parenthood are significant life experiences impacting women and their families. Growing evidence suggests models of maternity care impact clinical outcomes and birth experiences. The aim of this study was to explore the strengths and limitations of different maternity models of care accessed by women in Australia who had given birth in the past 5 years. METHODS The data analysed and presented in this paper is from the Australian Birth Experience Study (BESt), an online national survey of 133 questions that received 8,804 completed responses. There were 2,909 open-ended comments in response to the question on health care provider/s. The data was analysed using content analysis and descriptive statistics. RESULTS In models of fragmented care, including standard public hospital care (SC), high-risk care (HRC), and GP Shared care (GPS), women reported feelings of frustration in being unknown and unheard by their health care providers (HCP) that included themes of exhaustion in having to repeat personal history and the difficulty in navigating conflicting medical advice. Women in continuity of care (CoC) models, including Midwifery Group Practice (MGP), Private Obstetric (POB), and Privately Practising Midwifery (PPM), reported positive experiences of healing past birth trauma and care extending for multiple births. Compared across models of care in private and public settings, comments in HRC contained the lowest percentage of strengths (11.94%) and the highest percentage of limitations (88.06%) while comments in PPM revealed the highest percentage of strengths (95.93%) and the lowest percentage of limitations (4.07%). CONCLUSIONS Women across models of care in public and private settings desire relational maternity care founded on their unique needs, wishes, and values. The strengths of continuity of care, specifically private midwifery, should be recognised and the limitations for women in high risk maternity care investigated and prioritised by policy makers and managers in health services. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is part of a larger project that has been retrospectively registered with OSF Registries Registration DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4KQXP .
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pelak
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, 167 Great Western Highway, Blackheath, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Hannah G Dahlen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, 167 Great Western Highway, Blackheath, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Hazel Keedle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, 167 Great Western Highway, Blackheath, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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Aleshin O, Donnellan-Fernandez R. The role of part-time arrangements in the sustainability of midwifery continuity of care models in Australia: An integrative review. Eur J Midwifery 2023; 7:27. [PMID: 37840866 PMCID: PMC10571291 DOI: 10.18332/ejm/171359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION International maternity care experts have called for expanding midwiferyled continuity of care (MCoC) models. However, the number of models need augmentation as the number of women receiving this care is small. The majority of the midwifery workforce in Australian public health systems comprises women who work part-time. This aspect of the midwifery workforce demands careful consideration when attempting to change a maternity care system and sustain new models of care. Sparse research has been undertaken to explore whether part-time factors could play a role in the growth and sustainability of MCoC in Australia. This integrative review aims to analyze the role of parttime practice arrangements in the sustainability of MCoC models in Australia. METHODS Following a systematic search of research databases (CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Proquest) and screening the literature with eligibility criteria including keywords related to midwifery continuity of care, workforce arrangements and full-time equivalent (FTE), eight Australian research articles were identified for evaluation. The articles were appraised for bias using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and data were analyzed using an integrated convergent narrative synthesis method. RESULTS The resulting themes from the synthesis suggest that part-time MCoC roles may support the sustainability of the MCoC workforce without reducing quality of care to women. In various studies, midwives reported that FTE (full-time equivalent) of 0.5 may not meet the job's demands. However, this is likely influenced by local context and caseload size rather than the quantum of each midwife's FTE. The quality of the studies is limited due to the small scale of the studies; however, the qualitative results give a depth of understanding to the strengths and challenges that part-time arrangements in MCoC add to the midwifery workforce. CONCLUSIONS This review recommends that part-time arrangements in MCoC models in Australia be evaluated in conjunction with other routinely analyzed workforce data. Further considerations should be made by midwifery managers, leaders, stakeholders, and decision makers responsible for developing and supporting part-time job arrangements in caseload models of care in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Aleshin
- The Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Roslyn Donnellan-Fernandez
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
- Transforming Maternity Care Collaborative, Griffith University, Meadowbrook, Australia
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Moncrieff G, Martin CH, Norris G, MacVicar S. "It's no ordinary job": Factors that influence learning and working for midwifery students placed in continuity models of care. Women Birth 2023; 36:e328-e334. [PMID: 36208992 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternity policy and guidelines increasingly recommend or stipulate the increased provision of midwifery continuity of carer as a priority model of care. The scale up and sustainability of this model will require that student midwives are competent to provide continuity of carer at the point of qualification. Guidance relating to how to optimally prepare student midwives to work within continuity models is lacking. AIM To explore perspectives and experiences of working within and learning from student placement within continuity models of care. METHODS An online mixed methods survey aimed at midwifery students and qualified midwives with experience of working within or providing education relating to continuity models. Quantitative results were analysed through descriptive statistics while free text responses were brought together in themes. FINDINGS Benefits and challenges to placement within continuity models were identified. These provide recommendations that will enhance learning from and skill development within continuity models of care. CONCLUSION There is a need for continuity of mentorship and strong relationships between education and practice, and the provision of flexible curriculum content around this to enable students to prioritise appointments with women in their care. System level evaluation and support is needed to guide the optimal provision of continuity models, so that they are effective in improving outcomes and experiences. Foregrounding woman centred care as foundational to education and facilitating the critical deconstruction of dominant discourses that conflict with, and may prevent this form of practice, will promote the provision of care that is integral to these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gill Moncrieff
- School of Health & Social Care, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh Napier University, EH11 4BN, United Kingdom.
| | - Caroline Hollins Martin
- School of Health & Social Care, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh Napier University, EH11 4BN, United Kingdom
| | - Gail Norris
- School of Health & Social Care, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh Napier University, EH11 4BN, United Kingdom
| | - Sonya MacVicar
- School of Health & Social Care, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh Napier University, EH11 4BN, United Kingdom
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11
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McKellar L, Graham K, Sheehan A, Fleet JA, Sidebotham M, Sweet L. Examining the transformation of midwifery education in Australia to inform future directions: An integrative review. Women Birth 2023; 36:155-166. [PMID: 36473797 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integral to quality midwifery practice is the education of midwives. Like other countries, Australia faces ongoing challenges in delivering midwifery education programs. Reasons include escalating program costs, challenges in securing meaningful clinical experiences, subsumption of midwifery with nursing, and associated loss of identity in some institutions. AIM To critically examine the literature exploring the historical and current drivers, supports and impediments for entry-to-practice midwifery programs to identify strategies to strengthen midwifery education in Australia. METHODS A structured integrative literature review using Whittemore and Knafl's five-stage framework was undertaken; 1) problem identification, 2) literature search, 3) data evaluation, 4) data analysis, and 5) presentation of results. FINDINGS The literature search identified 50 articles for inclusion. The thematic analysis identified four key themes: i. a commitment to educational reform, ii. building a midwifery workforce, iii. quality maternity care through midwifery education, and iv. progressing excellence in midwifery education. DISCUSSION Extensive literature describes the evolution of midwifery education in Australia over the last 30 years. Through collaboration and amidst opposition, quality midwifery education has been established in Australia. Identification of midwifery as a distinct profession and transformative leadership have been integral to this evolution and must be grown and sustained to prevent a decline in standards or quality. CONCLUSION There is a need to address priorities in midwifery education and for the evaluation of midwifery programs and pedagogy. The provision and maintenance of quality education and practice require shared responsibility between education providers and health care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois McKellar
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, UK.
| | - Kristen Graham
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Australia
| | - Athena Sheehan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Australia
| | - Julie-Anne Fleet
- Clinical & Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Mary Sidebotham
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Australia
| | - Linda Sweet
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Australia; Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Western Health Partnership, Australia
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Susanti AI, Ali M, Hernawan AH, Rinawan FR, Purnama WG, Puspitasari IW, Stellata AG. Midwifery Continuity of Care in Indonesia: Initiation of Mobile Health Development Integrating Midwives' Competency and Service Needs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13893. [PMID: 36360772 PMCID: PMC9653760 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Midwives' competence in providing continuity of care using mobile health (mHealth) applications is limited in developing countries. This study identified and explored midwives' competency and service needs to develop mHealth in Midwifery Continuity of Care (MCOC) education and training. It used an explanatory sequential mixed method, and was conducted from August to December 2021. A cross-sectional approach was used to find the characteristics and competency scope of 373 midwives in West Java, and continued with a qualitative design through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) of 13 midwives. Descriptive data analysis (frequency, mean, deviation standard) and qualitative data analysis (coding, sub-themes, and theme) were conducted. In terms of the midwives who participated in this study, more than half were aged ≤ 35 years (58.98%), with a working period > 10 years (56.30%), had diploma degrees (71.12%), and used smartphones on average 1-12 h/day (78.28%). Most midwives needed to develop competency in the MCOC scope, including its early detection of the risk factor of complications and treatment management. They were concerned about the purposes, benefits, and design of mHealth. In summary, midwives' competency indicators for early detection are more needed in MCOC using mHealth. Further research is required to evaluate midwives' competence in MCOC using mHealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Indra Susanti
- Faculty of Education Science, Indonesia University of Education, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, Isola, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Ir. Soekarno KM. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Center for Health System Study and Health Workforce Education Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Faculty of Education Science, Indonesia University of Education, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, Isola, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Asep Herry Hernawan
- Faculty of Education Science, Indonesia University of Education, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, Isola, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Fedri Ruluwedrata Rinawan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Ir. Soekarno KM. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Center for Health System Study and Health Workforce Education Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
- Indonesian Society for Remote Sensing branch West Java, Gedung 2, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelau-tan, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno KM. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Wanda Gusdya Purnama
- Center for Health System Study and Health Workforce Education Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
- Informatics Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pasundan, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No.193, Bandung 40153, Indonesia
| | - Indriana Widya Puspitasari
- Center for Health System Study and Health Workforce Education Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Alyxia Gita Stellata
- Center for Health System Study and Health Workforce Education Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
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A pilot study: Transitioning into a new graduate midwife - perspectives about a unique student-led practice. Women Birth 2022; 36:e369-e377. [PMID: 36175297 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore midwifery students' (and as new graduates') experiences and level of satisfaction about a student-led midwifery model of care. METHODS This was a qualitative study to elicit rich descriptive data from the participants. Thematic analysis was used. The students were interviewed at the end of their final year of study and they were subsequently interviewed at the end of their graduate year. RESULTS Two overarching themes were identified from the qualitative findings from the first and second interviews including the students building and sustaining important relationships and transitioning from a student to new graduate. CONCLUSIONS The midwifery students valued the opportunity to spend one year in a student-led model of care so that they could build and sustain important relationships with women and their team including the mentor midwife as new graduates. The students developed confidence by being respected by midwives and enabled them to advocate for women.
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Burns E, Triandafilidis Z, Hargreaves A, Keedle H, Hitchick M, Campbell O, Elmir R. Hospital-based Assistant in Midwifery role for undergraduate midwifery students: A survey exploration. Midwifery 2022; 110:103319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Peter KA, Meier-Kaeppeli B, Pehlke-Milde J, Grylka-Baeschlin S. Work-related stress and intention to leave among midwives working in Swiss maternity hospitals - a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:671. [PMID: 34238313 PMCID: PMC8264983 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health systems around the globe are struggling to recruit qualified health professionals. Work-related stress plays an important role in why health professionals leave their profession prematurely. However, little is known about midwives’ working conditions and intentions to leave their profession, although this knowledge is key to work force retention. Therefore, we aimed to investigate work-related stress among midwives working in Swiss maternity hospitals, as well as differences between midwives and other health professionals and the stressors associated with midwives’ intention to leave the profession. Methods We conducted a data analysis of two cross-sectional studies encompassing midwives working in labour, postpartum and/or gynaecology wards of 12 public Swiss maternity hospitals. Data was collected by self-report questionnaire assessing potential stressors and long-term consequences of stress at work. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal Wallis tests and logistic regression modelling. Results A total of 98 midwives took part in the study and one in three midwives reported doing overtime sometimes-always. Also, the score for work-private life conflicts was significantly higher among midwives than among other health professionals, with the exception of physicians (M = 37.0 versus 50.2, p < .001). Midwives’ meaning of work score (M = 89.4) was significantly higher than that of other health professionals (e.g. nurses (M = 83.0, p < .001) or physicians (M = 82.5, p < .01)). Generation Y midwives showed a significantly higher intention to leave their organisation than did the baby boomers (Mean scores 29.3 versus 10.0, p < .01). Results of the regression model revealed that if midwives could compensate for their overtime in the same month, their intention to leave the profession was lower (OR = 0.23, p < .05). Additionally, the more midwives were affected by work-private life conflicts (OR = 3.01, p < .05) and thoughts about leaving their organisation (OR = 6.81, p < .05), the higher was their intention to leave their profession prematurely. Conclusions The comparison with other health professions and the higher intention to leave the profession of younger midwife generations are important findings for heads of institutions as well as policy makers, and should stimulate them to develop strategies for keeping midwives on their staff. More extensive studies should implement and test interventions for reducing work-related stress and increasing the job and occupational satisfaction of midwives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Anne Peter
- Division of Applied Research & Development in Nursing, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Barbara Meier-Kaeppeli
- Division of Women's Health and Newborn Care, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, CH-8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Pehlke-Milde
- Research Unit for Midwifery Science, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, CH-8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Grylka-Baeschlin
- Research Unit for Midwifery Science, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, CH-8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
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Newton M, Faulks F, Bailey C, Davis J, Vermeulen M, Tremayne A, Kruger G. Continuity of care experiences: A national cross-sectional survey exploring the views and experiences of Australian students and academics. Women Birth 2021; 35:e253-e262. [PMID: 34120862 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuity of Care Experiences (CoCEs) are a component of all entry-to-practice midwifery programs in Australia and facilitate an understanding of the central midwifery philosophy of woman-centred care and continuity of the therapeutic relationship. The aim of this research was to explore how CoCEs are viewed and experienced by students and academics across Australia. METHODS Students enrolled in Australian midwifery programs and academics who teach into these programs were invited to participate in a cross sectional, web-based survey. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and free text responses were analysed using content analysis. FINDINGS Four hundred and five students and 61 academics responded to the survey. The CoCE was viewed as a positive and unique learning experience, preparing students to work in midwifery-led continuity models and developing confidence in their midwifery role. Challenges in recruitment, participation in care, and balancing the workload with other course requirements were evident in reports from students, but less understood by academics. Significant personal impact on finances, health and wellbeing of students were also reported. DISCUSSION The value of CoCEs as an experiential learning opportunity is clear, however, many students report being challenged by elements of the CoCE within current models as they try to maintain study-work-life balance. CONCLUSION Innovative course structure that considers and embeds the CoCE requirements within the curricula, in addition to a collective commitment from regulatory bodies, the maternity care sector and Universities to facilitate CoCEs for students may address some of the significant student impacts that are reported by this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Newton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Fiona Faulks
- Rural Department of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Carolyn Bailey
- Nursing and Midwifery, Federation University, Gippsland, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jenny Davis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Monique Vermeulen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Anne Tremayne
- Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Gina Kruger
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Australia.
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Carter J, Sidebotham M, Dietsch E. Prepared and motivated to work in midwifery continuity of care? A descriptive analysis of midwifery students' perspectives. Women Birth 2021; 35:160-171. [PMID: 33832870 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internationally, midwifery education and maternity services are evolving to promote midwifery continuity of care. It is unclear whether current Australian midwifery education programs are graduating a midwifery workforce prepared and motivated to work in this way. AIM To discover how well midwifery students in Australia feel they have been prepared and motivated to work in midwifery continuity of care when they enter practice. METHODS A pragmatist approach was used. Participants were final year midwifery students at one Australian university participating in the Midwifery Student Evaluation of Practice (MidSTEP) project over three consecutive years. Descriptive analysis of selected scaled and free text responses was undertaken to ascertain how students' clinical practice experiences had influenced their learning, development and career aspirations. RESULTS Exposure to midwifery continuity of care had profound impact on students' learning, enabling them to provide woman-centred midwifery care whilst increasing confidence and preparedness for practice. The majority were motivated to work in midwifery continuity of care upon graduation. A small minority of participants felt unprepared to work in midwifery continuity of care, attributing this to their family commitments, a sense of needing more experience or unsupportive workplace cultures. SUMMARY Midwifery continuity of care experiences are highly valued by midwifery students and positively influence confidence, preparation and motivation for beginning practice. It is necessary to review education standards to ensure quality, consistency, and adequacy of these experiences throughout pre-registration midwifery education. This will assist in generating a midwifery workforce prepared and motivated to deliver the goals of maternity service reform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Carter
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Logan Campus, 68 University Dr, Meadowbrook, Queensland 4131, Australia; Transforming Maternity Care Collaborative, Australia.
| | - Mary Sidebotham
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Logan Campus, 68 University Dr, Meadowbrook, Queensland 4131, Australia; Transforming Maternity Care Collaborative, Australia
| | - Elaine Dietsch
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Logan Campus, 68 University Dr, Meadowbrook, Queensland 4131, Australia; Transforming Maternity Care Collaborative, Australia
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Moncrieff G, MacVicar S, Norris G, Hollins Martin CJ. Optimising the continuity experiences of student midwives: an integrative review. Women Birth 2021; 34:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Albendín‐García L, Suleiman‐Martos N, Cañadas‐De la Fuente GA, Ramírez‐Baena L, Gómez‐Urquiza JL, De la Fuente‐Solana EI. Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Among Midwives: A Systematic Review. J Midwifery Womens Health 2021; 66:24-44. [DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nora Suleiman‐Martos
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Granada Campus Universitario de Ceuta Ceuta Spain
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Tickle N, Gamble J, Creedy DK. Women’s reports of satisfaction and respect with continuity of care experiences by students: Findings from a routine, online survey. Women Birth 2020; 34:e592-e598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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McKellar L, Newnham E, Fleet JA, Adelson P. Midwifery-led care in South Australia: Looking back to move forward. Women Birth 2020; 34:e537-e545. [PMID: 33168494 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND From the 1980s to the turn of the century, Australia saw an evolution of midwifery-led models of care, in part due to legislative reform and federal funding, but largely owing to the efforts of strong midwifery leaders and consumers who rallied for the implementation of alternative models of care. Through persistence and extensive collaboration, the first South Australian birth centres were established. AIM To better understand the evolution of midwifery-led care in South Australia and identify the drivers and impediments to inform the upscaling of midwifery models into the future. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten midwifery leaders and/or those instrumental in setting up birth centres and midwifery-led care in South Australia. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. FINDINGS Three overarching themes and several sub-themes were identified, these included: 'Midwifery suffragettes' which explored 'activism', 'adversity' and 'advocacy'; 'Building bridges' captured the importance of 'gathering midwives', a 'movement of women' and 'champions and influencers'; and 'Recognising midwifery' identified the strong 'sense of identity' needed to outface 'ignorance and opposition' and the importance of 'role reformation'. CONCLUSION These midwifery leaders provide insight into an era of change in the history of midwifery in South Australia and contribute valuable learnings. In order to move forward, midwives must continue to embrace the political nature of midwifery, enact authentic, transformational leadership and engage women across all levels of influence. It is critical that midwives pursue equity in professional recognition, work collaboratively to provide quality, woman-centred maternity care and expand midwifery continuity of care models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois McKellar
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth Newnham
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, University Drive, Meadowbrook, QU 4131, Australia
| | - Julie-Anne Fleet
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Pamela Adelson
- Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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Kuliukas L, Bayes S, Geraghty S, Bradfield Z, Davison C. Graduating midwifery students' preferred model of practice and first job decisions: A qualitative study. Women Birth 2020; 34:61-68. [PMID: 32814673 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore and describe the preferred model of practice and first job decisions of final stage midwifery students from three Western Australian universities. DESIGN Qualitative descriptive. SETTING Three Western Australian (WA) universities offering courses leading to registration as a midwife. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-seven midwifery students from undergraduate and postgraduate (pre-registration) courses. METHODS Data were collected from recorded interviews and focus groups. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts was used to identify commonalities. Data saturation guided when recruitment ceased and final sample size was achieved. FINDINGS Participants' preferred model of maternity care was influenced by learning about and witnessing both autonomous midwifery practice and collaborative care during their studies. The greatest influence was clinical experience, with most preferring a continuity of midwifery model (CoM) but first consolidating their practice in a public hospital. Most students reported that they would not choose a private hospital as their first option. Work/life balance was also considered, with some accepting that family commitments and a need to work close to home may prevent them from choosing a CoM model. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Although many Australian midwifery students start their midwifery course with preconceived ideology of their eventual workplace, the influences of their educators, clinical placement environment, preceptors and continuity of care experience relationships with women helped determine their final direction. To provide students with the experiences to become woman-centred autonomous practitioners it is important for universities and all maternity care providers to carefully consider their responsibility in how they influence midwifery students in education and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Kuliukas
- Curtin University School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
| | - Sara Bayes
- Edith Cowan University, School of Nursing & Midwifery, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia.
| | - Sadie Geraghty
- Edith Cowan University, School of Nursing & Midwifery, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia.
| | - Zoe Bradfield
- Curtin University School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
| | - Clare Davison
- Edith Cowan University, School of Nursing & Midwifery, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia.
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Gamble J, Sidebotham M, Gilkison A, Davis D, Sweet L. Acknowledging the primacy of continuity of care experiences in midwifery education. Women Birth 2020; 33:111-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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