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Sinokki A, Miinalainen A, Kiander W, Kidron H. Preincubation-dependent inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 200:106852. [PMID: 39019347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Preincubation with inhibitor in organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) in vitro assays may increase the inhibition potency of inhibitors compared to conventional inhibition assays with only short inhibitor coincubation with substrate. The decrease in IC50 may affect prediction of drug-drug interactions (DDI) involving these transporters and inhibitors. Only few drugs, however, have been assessed for the preincubation-dependent inhibition of the OATP2B1 transporter. Therefore, we studied the effect of preincubation on OATP2B1 inhibition with five known OATP2B1 inhibitors (atorvastatin, erlotinib, ezetimibe, ticagrelor and simeprevir) in HEK293 cells transiently overexpressing OATP2B1. IC50 values were determined with and without inhibitor preincubation for 20 min with three different OATP2B1 substrates (dibromofluorescein, DBF; 5-carboxyfluorescein, 5-CF; estrone sulfate). Atorvastatin, ezetimibe, and simeprevir displayed more than 2-fold lower IC50 values after preincubation with at least one of the tested substrates. Altogether, 4 out of 15 inhibitor/substrate combinations exhibited more than 2-fold potentiation of IC50 after inhibitor preincubation. In addition, preincubation by itself, without inhibitor present with the substrate, resulted in more than 50% inhibition of OATP2B1-mediated uptake of DBF and/or 5-CF by atorvastatin, ticagrelor and simeprevir. Thus, erlotinib was the only inhibitor with no indication of potentiation of inhibition by preincubation with any of the tested substrates. In conclusion, preincubation resulted in inhibitor- and substrate-dependent inhibition of OATP2B1. These results support the conclusion that to reduce the risk of false negative DDI prediction, preincubation should be considered also in OATP2B1 inhibition assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alli Sinokki
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Annika Miinalainen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Wilma Kiander
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Heidi Kidron
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
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2
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Marin JJG, Serrano MA, Herraez E, Lozano E, Ortiz-Rivero S, Perez-Silva L, Reviejo M, Briz O. Impact of genetic variants in the solute carrier ( SLC) genes encoding drug uptake transporters on the response to anticancer chemotherapy. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:27. [PMID: 39143954 PMCID: PMC11322974 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2024.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer drug resistance constitutes a severe limitation for the satisfactory outcome of these patients. This is a complex problem due to the co-existence in cancer cells of multiple and synergistic mechanisms of chemoresistance (MOC). These mechanisms are accounted for by the expression of a set of genes included in the so-called resistome, whose effectiveness often leads to a lack of response to pharmacological treatment. Additionally, genetic variants affecting these genes further increase the complexity of the question. This review focuses on a set of genes encoding members of the transportome involved in drug uptake, which have been classified into the MOC-1A subgroup of the resistome. These proteins belong to the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily. More precisely, we have considered here several members of families SLC2, SLC7, SLC19, SLC22, SLCO, SLC28, SLC29, SLC31, SLC46, and SLC47 due to the impact of their expression and genetic variants in anticancer drug uptake by tumor cells or, in some cases, general bioavailability. Changes in their expression levels and the appearance of genetic variants can contribute to the Darwinian selection of more resistant clones and, hence, to the development of a more malignant phenotype. Accordingly, to address this issue in future personalized medicine, it is necessary to characterize both changes in resistome genes that can affect their function. It is also essential to consider the time-dependent dimension of these features, as the genetic expression and the appearance of genetic variants can change during tumor progression and in response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J. G. Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria A. Serrano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Elisa Herraez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Elisa Lozano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sara Ortiz-Rivero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Laura Perez-Silva
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Maria Reviejo
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
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3
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Kataoka H, Akiyoshi T, Uchida Y, Imaoka A, Terasaki T, Ohtani H. The Effects of N-Glycosylation on the Expression and Transport Activity of OATP1A2 and OATP2B1. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1376-1384. [PMID: 38432624 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1A2 and OATP2B1 have potential N-glycosylation sites, but their influence remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the N-glycosylation sites of OATP1A2/2B1 and investigate their impact on the expression and function of OATP1A2/2B1. Human embryonic kidney cells expressing OATP1A2 or OATP2B1 (HEK293-OATP1A2/2B1) were exposed to tunicamycin, an N-glycosylation inhibitor, and a plasma membrane fraction (PMF) Western blot assay and an estrone 3-sulfate (E3S) uptake study were conducted. HEK293-OATP1A2/OATP2B1 cell lines with mutation(s) at potential N-glycosylation sites were established, and the Western blotting and uptake study were repeated. Tunicamycin reduced the PMF levels and E3S uptake of OATP1A2/OATP2B1. The Asn124Gln, Asn135Gln, and Asn492Gln mutations in OATP1A2 and Asn176Gln and Asn538Gln mutations in OATP2B1 reduced the molecular weights of the OATP molecules and their PMF levels. The PMF levels of OATP1A2 Asn124/135Gln, OATP1A2 Asn124/135/492Gln, and OATP2B1 Asn176/538Gln were further reduced. The maximum transport velocities of OATP1A2 Asn124Gln, OATP1A2 Asn135Gln, and OATP2B1 Asn176/538Gln were markedly reduced to 10 %, 4 %, and 10 % of the wild-type level, respectively. In conclusion, the N-glycans at Asn124 and Asn135 of OATP1A2 and those at Asn176 and Asn538 of OATP2B1 are essential for the plasma membrane expression of these molecules and also affect their transport function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kataoka
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akiyoshi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchida
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima city 734-0037, Japan
| | - Ayuko Imaoka
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Terasaki
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hisakazu Ohtani
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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4
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Sugiyama K, Shimano H, Takahashi M, Shimura Y, Shimura A, Furuya T, Tomabechi R, Shirasaka Y, Higuchi K, Kishimoto H, Inoue K. The Use of Carboxyfluorescein Reveals the Transport Function of MCT6/SLC16A5 Associated with CD147 as a Chloride-Sensitive Organic Anion Transporter in Mammalian Cells. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1113-1120. [PMID: 38160712 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Oral drug absorption involves drug permeation across the apical and basolateral membranes of enterocytes. Although transporters mediating the influx of anionic drugs in the apical membranes have been identified, transporters responsible for efflux in the basolateral membranes remain unclear. Monocarboxylate transporter 6 (MCT6/SLC16A5) has been reported to localize to the apical and basolateral membranes of human enterocytes and to transport organic anions such as bumetanide and nateglinide in the Xenopus oocyte expression system; however, its transport functions have not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we characterized the function of MCT6 expressed in HEK293T cells and explored fluorescent probes to more easily evaluate MCT6 function. The results illustrated that MCT6 interacts with CD147 to localize at the plasma membrane. When the uptake of various fluorescein derivatives was examined in NaCl-free uptake buffer (pH 5.5), the uptake of 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-CF) was significantly greater in MCT6 and CD147-expressing cells. MCT6-mediated 5-CF uptake was saturable with a Km of 1.07 mM and inhibited by several substrates/inhibitors of organic anion transporters and extracellular Cl ion with an IC50 of 53.7 mM. These results suggest that MCT6 is a chloride-sensitive organic anion transporter that can be characterized using 5-CF as a fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Sugiyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroe Shimano
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Takahashi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Shimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Shimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahito Furuya
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuto Tomabechi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kei Higuchi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisanao Kishimoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Inoue
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Chiang CW, Tang S, Boonstra JM, van Tilburg LP, Liu J, Chiang PC, Rich S, Wu N, Nguyen HQ, Zhang W, Hou HH, Leung DH. Development of an extemporaneous preparation formulation using a simple and non-solubilizing matrix for first in human clinical study. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123868. [PMID: 38309485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Extemporaneous preparation (EP) formulation is an attractive strategy to accelerate the formulation development of new chemical entities for first entry into human study. In this work, an EP suspension formulation for a development drug candidate GDC-6599 was successfully developed. The formulation spanned a wide concentration range from 0.1 to 2.0 mg/mL. A non-solubilizing vehicle, 0.6 % (w/v) methylcellulose solution was used to suspend GDC-6599. An aversive agent denatonium benzoate at an extremely low level (6 ppm) was applied as a taste masking agent. This enabled a simple matrix for the analysis of related substances from GDC-6599 during all stability studies. Microcrystalline cellulose at 10 mg/mL concentration was added to the EP formulation to generate a suspension appearance, leading to the success of using a single placebo for matching active formulation at all concentrations. The developed formulation demonstrated excellent homogeneity, sufficient stability and passed microbiological enumeration test. Rinsing performance test demonstrated that greater than 99.8 % amount of drug was successfully recovered by rinsing with water twice, providing guidance for clinical dosing. Biopharmaceutical assessment was conducted by both in silico simulation and in vitro tests. Greater than 90 % bioaccessibility of the EP suspension formulation was obtained via an in vitro system mimicking the human gastrointestinal absorption, consistent with the result from the in silico modeling. The developed EP formulation was successfully used to support the early single ascending dose (SAD) cohorts of GDC-6599 Phase I clinical study. The formulation matrix and assessment workflow developed in this work are generalizable as a platform for EP formulation development of new chemical entities for early phase clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng W Chiang
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Shijia Tang
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jasper Martijn Boonstra
- Early Clinical & Bioanalytical Services (Manufacturing Division), ICON plc. (formerly known as PRA Health Sciences), Van Swietenlaan 6, 9728 NZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leon Pascal van Tilburg
- Early Clinical & Bioanalytical Services (Quality & Control Division), ICON plc. (formerly known as PRA Health Sciences), Amerikaweg 18, 9407 TK Assen, the Netherlands
| | - Jia Liu
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Po-Chang Chiang
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sharyl Rich
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Newton Wu
- Small Molecule Discovery Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Huy Q Nguyen
- Small Molecule Discovery Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Hao Helen Hou
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Dennis H Leung
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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6
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Han SY, Yu JE, You BH, Kim SY, Bae M, Chae HS, Chin YW, Hong SH, Lee JH, Jung SH, Choi YH. No Interference of H9 Extract on Trastuzumab Pharmacokinetics in Their Combinations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16677. [PMID: 38068999 PMCID: PMC10706748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab is used to treat breast cancer patients overexpressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, but resistance and toxicity limit its uses, leading to attention to trastuzumab combinations. Recently, the synergistic effect of trastuzumab and H9 extract (H9) combination against breast cancer has been reported. Because drug exposure determines its efficacy and toxicity, the question of whether H9 changes trastuzumab exposure in the body has been raised. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize trastuzumab pharmacokinetics and elucidate the effect of H9 on trastuzumab pharmacokinetics at a combination dose that shows synergism in mice. As a result, trastuzumab showed linear pharmacokinetics after its intravenous administration from 1 to 10 mg/kg. In the combination of trastuzumab and H9, single and 2-week treatments of oral H9 (500 mg/kg) did not influence trastuzumab pharmacokinetics. In the multiple-combination treatments of trastuzumab and H9 showing their synergistic effect (3 weeks of trastuzumab with 2 weeks of H9), the pharmacokinetic profile of trastuzumab was comparable to that of 3 weeks of trastuzumab alone. In tissue distribution, the tissue to plasma ratios of trastuzumab below 1.0 indicated its limited distributions within the tissues, and these patterns were unaffected by H9. These results suggest that the systemic and local exposures of trastuzumab are unchanged by single and multiple-combination treatments of H9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yon Han
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.H.); (J.-E.Y.); (B.H.Y.); (S.-Y.K.); (M.B.); (H.-S.C.)
| | - Jeong-Eun Yu
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.H.); (J.-E.Y.); (B.H.Y.); (S.-Y.K.); (M.B.); (H.-S.C.)
| | - Byoung Hoon You
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.H.); (J.-E.Y.); (B.H.Y.); (S.-Y.K.); (M.B.); (H.-S.C.)
| | - Seo-Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.H.); (J.-E.Y.); (B.H.Y.); (S.-Y.K.); (M.B.); (H.-S.C.)
| | - Mingoo Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.H.); (J.-E.Y.); (B.H.Y.); (S.-Y.K.); (M.B.); (H.-S.C.)
| | - Hee-Sung Chae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.H.); (J.-E.Y.); (B.H.Y.); (S.-Y.K.); (M.B.); (H.-S.C.)
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soo-Hwa Hong
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Bundang Korean Medicine Hospital, Seongnam-si 13601, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju-si 38066, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (S.H.J.)
| | - Seung Hyun Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju-si 38066, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (S.H.J.)
| | - Young Hee Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.H.); (J.-E.Y.); (B.H.Y.); (S.-Y.K.); (M.B.); (H.-S.C.)
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7
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Murray M. Mechanisms and Clinical Significance of Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions Mediated by FDA and EMA-approved Hepatitis C Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents. Clin Pharmacokinet 2023; 62:1365-1392. [PMID: 37731164 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-023-01302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been revolutionised by the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) that target specific HCV proteins involved in viral replication. The first DAAs were associated with clinical problems such as adverse drug reactions and pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Current FDA/EMA-approved treatments are combinations of DAAs that simultaneously target the HCV N5A-protein, the HCV N5B-polymerase and the HCV NS3/4A-protease. Adverse events and DDIs are less likely with these DAA combinations but several DDIs of potential clinical significance remain. Much of the available information on the interaction of DAAs with CYP drug-metabolising enzymes and influx and efflux transporters is contained in regulatory summaries and is focused on DDIs of likely clinical importance. Important DDIs perpetrated by current DAAs include increases in the pharmacokinetic exposure to statins and dabigatran. Some mechanistic information can be deduced. Although the free concentrations of DAAs in serum are very low, a number of these DDIs are likely mediated by the inhibition of systemic influx transporters, especially OATP1B1/1B3. Other DDIs may arise by DAA-mediated inhibition of intestinal efflux transporters, which increases the systemic concentrations of some coadministered drugs. Conversely, DAAs are victims of DDIs mediated by cyclosporin, ketoconazole, omeprazole and HIV antiretroviral drug combinations, especially when boosted by ritonavir and, to a lesser extent, cobicistat. In addition, concurrent administration of inducers, such as rifampicin, carbamazepine and efavirenz, decreases exposure to some DAAs. Drug-drug interactions that increase the accumulation of HCV N3/4A-protease inhibitors like grazoprevir may exacerbate hepatic injury in HCV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Murray
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
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8
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Maeda K. Quantitative Prediction of Intestinal Absorption of Drugs from In Vitro Study: Utilization of Differentiated Intestinal Epithelial Cells Derived from Intestinal Stem Cells at Crypts. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1136-1144. [PMID: 37142427 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediction of intestinal absorption of drugs in humans is one of the critical elements in the development process for oral drugs. However, it remains challenging, because intestinal absorption of drugs is influenced by multiple factors, including the function of various metabolic enzymes and transporters, and large species differences in drug bioavailability hinder the prediction of human bioavailability directly from in vivo animal experiments. For the screening of intestinal absorption properties of drugs, a transcellular transport assay with Caco-2 cells is still routinely used by pharmaceutical companies because of its convenience, but the predictability of the fraction of the oral dose that goes to the portal vein of metabolic enzyme/transporter substrate drugs was not always good because the cellular expression of metabolic enzymes and transporters is different from that in the human intestine. Recently, various novel in vitro experimental systems have been proposed such as the use of human-derived intestinal samples, transcellular transport assay with induced pluripotent stem-derived enterocyte-like cells, or differentiated intestinal epithelial cells derived from intestinal stem cells at crypts. Crypt-derived differentiated epithelial cells have an excellent potential to characterize species differences and regional differences in intestinal absorption of drugs because a unified protocol can be used for the proliferation of intestinal stem cells and their differentiation into intestinal absorptive epithelial cells regardless of the animal species and the gene expression pattern of differentiated cells is maintained at the site of original crypts. The advantages and disadvantages of novel in vitro experimental systems for characterizing intestinal absorption of drugs are also discussed. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Among novel in vitro tools for the prediction of human intestinal absorption of drugs, crypt-derived differentiated epithelial cells have many advantages. Cultured intestinal stem cells are rapidly proliferated and easily differentiated into intestinal absorptive epithelial cells simply by changing the culture media. A unified protocol can be used for the establishment of intestinal stem cell culture from preclinical species and humans. Region-specific gene expression at the collection site of crypts can be reproduced in differentiated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Maeda
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Dagar N, Kale A, Jadhav HR, Gaikwad AB. Nutraceuticals and network pharmacology approach for acute kidney injury: A review from the drug discovery aspect. Fitoterapia 2023; 168:105563. [PMID: 37295755 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has become a global health issue, with ~12 million reports yearly, resulting in a persistent increase in morbidity and mortality rates. AKI pathophysiology is multifactorial involving oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, inflammation, and eventually, cell death. Hence, therapies able to target multiple pathomechanisms can aid in AKI management. To change the drug discovery framework from "one drug, one target" to "multicomponent, multitarget," network pharmacology is evolving as a next-generation research approach. Researchers have used the network pharmacology approach to predict the role of nutraceuticals against different ailments including AKI. Nutraceuticals (herbal products, isolated nutrients, and dietary supplements) belong to the pioneering category of natural products and have shown protective action against AKI. Nutraceuticals have recently drawn attention because of their ability to provide physiological benefits with less toxic effects. This review emphasizes the nutraceuticals that exhibited renoprotection against AKI and can be used either as monotherapy or adjuvant with conventional therapies to boost their effectiveness and lessen the adverse effects. Additionally, the study sheds light on the application of network pharmacology as a cost-effective and time-saving approach for the therapeutic target prediction of nutraceuticals against AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dagar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Ajinath Kale
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Hemant R Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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10
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Németh K, László Z, Biró A, Szatmári Á, Cserép GB, Várady G, Bakos É, Özvegy-Laczka C, Kele P. Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 3A1 (OATP3A1)-Gated Bio-Orthogonal Labeling of Intracellular Proteins. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062521. [PMID: 36985493 PMCID: PMC10055104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) were found to readily deliver membrane impermeable, tetrazine bearing fluorescent probes into cells. This feature was explored in OATP3A1 conditioned bio-orthogonal labeling schemes of various intracellular proteins in live cells. Confocal microscopy and super-resolution microscopy (STED) studies have shown that highly specific and efficient staining of the selected intracellular proteins can be achieved with the otherwise non-permeable probes when OATP3A1 is present in the cell membrane of cells. Such a transport protein linked bio-orthogonal labeling scheme is believed to be useful in OATP3A1 activity-controlled protein expression studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Németh
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (K.N.); (P.K.)
| | - Zsófia László
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Biró
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szatmári
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely B. Cserép
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Várady
- Molecular Cell Biology Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Bakos
- Membrane Protein Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Özvegy-Laczka
- Membrane Protein Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Kele
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (K.N.); (P.K.)
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11
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Kambayashi A, Shirasaka Y. Food effects on gastrointestinal physiology and drug absorption. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:100488. [PMID: 36737277 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2022.100488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Food ingestion affects the oral absorption of many drugs in humans. In this review article, we summarize the physiological factors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that affect the in vivo performance of orally administered solid dosage forms in fasted and fed states in humans. In particular, we discuss the effects of food ingestion on fluid characteristics (pH, bile concentration, and volume) in the stomach and small intestine, GI transit of water and dosage forms, and microbiota. Additionally, case examples of food effects on GI physiology and subsequent changes in oral drug absorption are provided. Furthermore, the effects of food, especially fruit juices (e.g., grapefruit, orange, apple) and green tea, on transporter-mediated permeation and enzyme-catalyzed metabolism of drugs in intestinal epithelial cells are also summarized comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kambayashi
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 425-0072, Japan; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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12
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Han H, Akiyoshi T, Morita T, Tsuchitani T, Nabeta M, Yajima K, Imaoka A, Ohtani H. The Effects of Jabara Juice on the Intestinal Permeation of Fexofenadine. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1745-1752. [PMID: 38044133 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Jabara juice and its component narirutin inhibit the activity of organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) 1A2 and OATP2B1, which are considered to play significant roles in the intestinal absorption of fexofenadine. In this study, we investigated the effects of jabara juice on the intestinal absorption of fexofenadine in mice and the inhibitory effects of jabara juice and narirutin on the permeation of fexofenadine using Caco-2 cell monolayers and LLC-GA5-COL300 cell monolayers. In the in vivo study, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of fexofenadine in mice was increased 1.8-fold by jabara juice. In the permeation study, 5% jabara juice significantly decreased the efflux ratio (ER) of fexofenadine for Caco-2 monolayers. Furthermore, the ERs of fexofenadine and digoxin, which is a typical substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), for LLC-GA5-COL300 cell monolayers were decreased in a concentration-dependent manner by jabara juice extract, suggesting that jabara juice may increase the intestinal absorption of fexofenadine by inhibiting P-gp, rather than by narirutin inhibiting OATPs. The present study showed that jabara juice increases the intestinal absorption of fexofenadine both in vivo and in vitro. The intestinal absorption of fexofenadine may be altered by the co-administration of jabara juice in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Han
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
| | - Takeshi Akiyoshi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, School of Medicine, Keio University
| | - Tokio Morita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
| | | | - Momoko Nabeta
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
| | - Kodai Yajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
| | - Ayuko Imaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
| | - Hisakazu Ohtani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, School of Medicine, Keio University
- Department of Pharmacy, Keio University Hospital
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13
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Comparative Modelling of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides: Structural Insights and Comparison of Binding Modes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238531. [PMID: 36500622 PMCID: PMC9738416 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the functionality of organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) and to design new ligands, reliable structural data of each OATP is needed. In this work, we used a combination of homology model with molecular dynamics simulations to generate a comprehensive structural dataset, that encompasses a diverse set of OATPs but also their relevant conformations. Our OATP models share a conserved transmembrane helix folding harbouring a druggable binding pocket in the shape of an inner pore. Our simulations suggest that the conserved salt bridges at the extracellular region between residues on TM1 and TM7 might influence the entrance of substrates. Interactions between residues on TM1 and TM4 within OATP1 family shown their importance in transport of substrates. Additionally, in transmembrane (TM) 1/2, a known conserved element, interact with two identified motifs in the TM7 and TM11. Our simulations suggest that TM1/2-TM7 interaction influence the inner pocket accessibility, while TM1/2-TM11 salt bridges control the substrate binding stability.
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14
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Jin Y, Li Y, Eisenmann ED, Figg WD, Baker SD, Sparreboom A, Hu S. Determination of the endogenous OATP1B biomarkers glycochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate and chenodeoxycholate-24-glucuronide in human and mouse plasma by a validated UHPLC-MS/MS method. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1210:123437. [PMID: 36054985 PMCID: PMC9588625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate (GCDCA-S) and chenodeoxycholate-24-glucuronide (CDCA-24G) are bile acid metabolites that potentially serve as endogenous biomarkers for drug-drug interactions mediated by the hepatic uptake transporters OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. We developed and validated a novel UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantitative determination of GCDCA-S and CDCA-24G in mouse and human plasma with a lower limit of quantitation of 0.5 ng/mL. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Accucore aQ column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, dp = 2.6 μm) maintained at 20 °C and a gradient mobile phase comprising 2 mM ammonium acetate in water and methanol. The extraction recoveries of GCDCA-S and CDCA-24G were >80 %, and linear (r2 > 0.99) calibration curves ranged 0.5-100 ng/mL (CDCA-24G and GCDCA-S in mouse plasma) or 0.5-1000 ng/mL (GCDCA-S in mouse plasma). Values for precision (CV < 11.6 %) and accuracy bias (10.9 %) of analyte-spiked quality control samples verified that water was an acceptable matrix to prepare calibrators. This method was successfully applied to establish baseline activity of OATP1B1/OATP1B3 in humans and mice and establish the in vivo effects of OATP1B1/OATP1B3 inhibitors rifampin and micafungin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eric D Eisenmann
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Office of the Clinical Director, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharyn D Baker
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alex Sparreboom
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shuiying Hu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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15
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Turco L, Santori N, Buratti FM, Dorne JLCM, Testai E. Congeners-Specific Intestinal Absorption Of Microcystins In An In Vitro 3D Human Intestinal Epithelium: The Role Of Influx/Efflux Transporters. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:883063. [PMID: 35990858 PMCID: PMC9388863 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.883063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystins constitute a group of over 200 variants and are increasingly considered as emerging toxins in food and feed safety, particularly with regards to sea-food and fish consumption. Toxicity of MCs is congener-specific, being characterised by different acute potencies, likely related to the differential activity of metabolic enzymes and transporters proteins involved in their cellular uptake. However, the active transport of MCs across intestinal membranes has not been fully elucidated. Our results, obtained using a fit for purpose 3D human reconstructed intestinal epithelium, provide new information on the complex mechanisms involved in the absorption of 5 MC variants’: it is indeed characterised by the equilibrium between uptake and extrusion, since the selected congeners are substrates of both influx and efflux proteins. In the range of tested nominal concentrations (10–40 µM) fully representative of relevant exposure scenarios, none of the active tested transporters were saturated. The comparison of permeability (Papp) values of MCs variants highlighted a dose independent relationship for MC-LR, -YR and -RR (Papp x 10–7 ranged from 2.95 to 3.54 cm/s), whereas -LW and–LF showed a dose dependent increase in permeability reaching Papp values which were similar to the other congeners at 40 µM. MC-RR, -LR, -YR show absorption values around 5% of the administered dose. Due to their lipophilicity, MC-LW and -LF were also detected within the cellular compartment. The intestinal uptake was only partially attributable to OATPs, suggesting the involvement of additional transporters. Regarding the efflux proteins, MCs are not P-gp substrates whereas MRP2 and to a lesser extent Breast cancer resistance protein are active in their extrusion. Despite the presence of GST proteins, as an indication of metabolic competence, in the intestinal tissue, MC-conjugates were never detected in our experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Turco
- Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Environment & Health Dept, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Laura Turco,
| | - Nicoletta Santori
- Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Environment & Health Dept, Rome, Italy
| | - Franca M. Buratti
- Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Environment & Health Dept, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Testai
- Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Environment & Health Dept, Rome, Italy
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16
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Han H, Akiyoshi T, Morita T, Kataoka H, Katayama K, Yajima K, Imaoka A, Ohtani H. Comparison of the transport kinetics of fexofenadine and its pH dependency among OATP1A2 genetic variants. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 47:100470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2022.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Zakaria M, Hassan T, Fawzy A, Fathy M, Abdelazeem M, Magdy Abdelnour H, Abdelstar E, Nafea A, Ali AA. Association between ATP binding cassette gene member 1 polymorphism and glucocorticoid response in children with immune thrombocytopenia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29894. [PMID: 35839018 PMCID: PMC11132344 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP binding Cassette gene member 1 (ABCB1) polymorphism has been incriminated in susceptibility to many malignant, infectious and autoimmune diseases. Recently, it was reported that ABCB1 polymorphisms might have a link to disease progression as well as response to therapy. We aimed to study the association between ABCB1 gene polymorphism and glucocorticoid response in children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). A case control study was conducted on 90 newly diagnosed children with ITP and 90 healthy controls over a period of 1 year. ABCB1 (C3435T) polymorphism was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) in patients and controls. There was no significant difference between patients and controls as regards to frequency of different ABCB1 genotypes (CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 44.4%, 36.7%, and 18.9% respectively in patients and 48.9%, 38.9%, and 12.2% respectively in controls, P value = 0.18). 80% of patients who received steroids alone or steroids in combination with intravenous immunoglobulin showed complete recovery. There was highly significant relationship between ABCB1 genotypes and response to steroids where 55 % of responders had CC (wild) genotype while 40 % of nonresponders had TT (mutant) genotype. We concluded that ABCB1 gene polymorphism may contribute to the response to steroids in Egyptian children with ITP where patients with homozygous CC genotype responded better to steroids than patients with homozygous TT genotype. These results may help us choose the appropriate initial treatment in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Zakaria
- Pediatric Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tamer Hassan
- Pediatric Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amal Fawzy
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Manar Fathy
- Pediatric Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | | | - Eman Abdelstar
- Pediatric Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Alaa Nafea
- Pediatric Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Ali
- Pediatric Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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18
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Korzekwa K, Radice C, Nagar S. A Permeability- and Perfusion-based PBPK model for Improved Prediction of Concentration-time Profiles. Clin Transl Sci 2022; 15:2035-2052. [PMID: 35588513 PMCID: PMC9372417 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve predictions of concentration‐time (C‐t) profiles of drugs, a new physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling framework (termed ‘PermQ’) has been developed. This model includes permeability into and out of capillaries, cell membranes, and intracellular lipids. New modeling components include (i) lumping of tissues into compartments based on both blood flow and capillary permeability, and (ii) parameterizing clearances in and out of membranes with apparent permeability and membrane partitioning values. Novel observations include the need for a shallow distribution compartment particularly for bases. C‐t profiles were modeled for 24 drugs (7 acidic, 5 neutral, and 12 basic) using the same experimental inputs for three different models: Rodgers and Rowland (RR), a perfusion‐limited membrane‐based model (Kp,mem), and PermQ. Kp,mem and PermQ can be directly compared since both models have identical tissue partition coefficient parameters. For the 24 molecules used for model development, errors in Vss and t1/2 were reduced by 37% and 43%, respectively, with the PermQ model. Errors in C‐t profiles were reduced (increased EOC) by 43%. The improvement was generally greater for bases than for acids and neutrals. Predictions were improved for all 3 models with the use of parameters optimized for the PermQ model. For five drugs in a test set, similar results were observed. These results suggest that prediction of C‐t profiles can be improved by including capillary and cellular permeability components for all tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Korzekwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Casey Radice
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Swati Nagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Sangha V, Shen H, Feng B, Wittwer MB, Varma MVS, Liang X, Sugiyama Y, Zhang L, Bendayan R. Transporters in drug development: International transporter consortium update on emerging transporters of clinical importance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022; 112:485-500. [PMID: 35561119 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
During its 4th transporter workshop in 2021, the International Transporter Consortium (ITC) provided updates on emerging clinically relevant transporters for drug development. Previously highlighted and new transporters were considered based on up-to-date clinical evidence of their importance in drug-drug interactions and potential for altered drug efficacy and safety, including drug-nutrient interactions leading to nutrient deficiencies. For the first time, folate transport pathways (PCFT, RFC, and FRα) were examined in-depth as a potential mechanism of drug-induced folate deficiency and related toxicities (e.g., neural tube defects, megaloblastic anemia). However, routine toxicology studies conducted in support of drug development appear sufficient to flag such folate deficiency toxicities, while prospective prediction from in vitro folate metabolism and transport inhibition is not well enough established to inform drug development. Previous suggestion of retrospective study of intestinal OATP2B1 inhibition to explain unexpected decreases in drug exposure were updated. Furthermore, when the absorption of a new molecular entity is more rapid and extensive than can be explained by passive permeability, evaluation of OATP2B1 transport may be considered. Emerging research on hepatic and renal OAT2 is summarized, but current understanding of the importance of OAT2 was deemed insufficient to justify specific consideration for drug development. Hepatic, renal, and intestinal MRPs (MRP2, MRP3, MRP4) were revisited. MRPs may be considered when they are suspected to be the major determinant of drug disposition (e.g., direct glucuronide conjugates); MRP2 inhibition as a mechanistic explanation for drug-induced hyperbilirubinemia remains justified. There were no major changes in recommendations from previous ITC whitepapers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vishal Sangha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Hong Shen
- Drug Metabolism and PK, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ, 08543, USA
| | - Bo Feng
- Drug Metabolism and PK, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Matthias B Wittwer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manthena V S Varma
- PK, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Worldwide R&D, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Xiaomin Liang
- Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Quantitative System PK/Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmacy, Josai International University, Kioicho Campus, Tokyo, 102-0093, Japan
| | - Lei Zhang
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Reina Bendayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
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20
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Abd El-Aziz NM, Khalifa I, Darwish AMG, Badr AN, Aljumayi H, Hafez ES, Shehata MG. Docking Analysis of Some Bioactive Compounds from Traditional Plants against SARS-CoV-2 Target Proteins. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092662. [PMID: 35566014 PMCID: PMC9100219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is still a global pandemic that has not been stopped. Many traditional medicines have been demonstrated to be incredibly helpful for treating COVID-19 patients while fighting the disease worldwide. We introduced 10 bioactive compounds derived from traditional medicinal plants and assessed their potential for inhibiting viral spike protein (S-protein), Papain-like protease (PLpro), and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) using molecular docking protocols where we simulate the inhibitors bound to target proteins in various poses and at different known binding sites using Autodock version 4.0 and Chimera 1.8.1 software. Results found that the chicoric acid, quinine, and withaferin A ligand strongly inhibited CoV-2 S -protein with a binding energy of -8.63, -7.85, and -7.85 kcal/mol, respectively. Our modeling work also suggested that curcumin, quinine, and demothoxycurcumin exhibited high binding affinity toward RdRp with a binding energy of -7.80, -7.80, and -7.64 kcal/mol, respectively. The other ligands, namely chicoric acid, demothoxycurcumin, and curcumin express high binding energy than the other tested ligands docked to PLpro with -7.62, -6.81, and -6.70 kcal/mol, respectively. Prediction of drug-likeness properties revealed that all tested ligands have no violations to Lipinski's Rule of Five except cepharanthine, chicoric acid, and theaflavin. Regarding the pharmacokinetic behavior, all ligand predicted to have high GI-absorption except chicoric acid and theaflavin. At the same way chicoric acid, withaferin A, and withanolide D predicted to be substrate for multidrug resistance protein (P-gp substrate). Caffeic acid, cepharanthine, chicoric acid, withaferin A, and withanolide D also have no inhibitory effect on any cytochrome P450 enzymes. Promisingly, chicoric acid, quinine, curcumin, and demothoxycurcumin exhibited high binding affinity on SARS-CoV-2 target proteins and expressed good drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties. Further research is required to investigate the potential uses of these compounds in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan M. Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt; (A.M.G.D.); (M.G.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ibrahim Khalifa
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Benha 13736, Egypt;
| | - Amira M. G. Darwish
- Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt; (A.M.G.D.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Ahmed N. Badr
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Huda Aljumayi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - El-Sayed Hafez
- Department of Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed G. Shehata
- Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt; (A.M.G.D.); (M.G.S.)
- Food Research Section, R&D Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates
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21
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Chu X, Chan GH, Houle R, Lin M, Yabut J, Fandozzi C. In Vitro Assessment of Transporter Mediated Perpetrator DDIs for Several Hepatitis C Virus Direct-Acting Antiviral Drugs and Prediction of DDIs with Statins Using Static Models. AAPS J 2022; 24:45. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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22
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Morita T, Akiyoshi T, Tsuchitani T, Kataoka H, Araki N, Yajima K, Katayama K, Imaoka A, Ohtani H. Inhibitory Effects of Cranberry Juice and Its Components on Intestinal OATP1A2 and OATP2B1: Identification of Avicularin as a Novel Inhibitor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3310-3320. [PMID: 35230114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1A2 and OATP2B1 mediate the intestinal absorption of drugs. This study aimed to identify fruit juices or fruit juice components that inhibit OATPs and assess the risk of associated food-drug interactions. Inhibitory potency was assessed by examining the uptake of [3H]estrone 3-sulfate and [3H]fexofenadine into HEK293 cells expressing OATP1A2 or OATP2B1. In vivo experiments were conducted using mice to evaluate the effects of cranberry juice on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered fexofenadine. Of eight examined fruit juices, cranberry juice inhibited the functions of both OATPs most potently. Avicularin, a component of cranberry juice, was identified as a novel OATP inhibitor. It exhibited IC50 values of 9.0 and 37 μM for the inhibition of estrone 3-sulfate uptake mediated by OATP1A2 and OATP2B1, respectively. A pharmacokinetic experiment revealed that fexofenadine exposure was significantly reduced (by 50%) by cranberry juice. Cranberry juice may cause drug interactions with OATP substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokio Morita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akiyoshi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tsuchitani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kataoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Naoya Araki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kodai Yajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Katayama
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Ayuko Imaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Ohtani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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23
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Funai Y, Takemura M, Inoue K, Shirasaka Y. Effect of Ingested Fluid Volume and Solution Osmolality on Intestinal Drug Absorption: Impact on Drug Interaction with Beverages. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 172:106136. [PMID: 35121020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
It was recently shown that osmolality-dependent fluid movement is a significant factor causing the clinically observed apple juice (AJ)-atenolol interaction. Here we examined whether osmolality-dependent fluid movement may also explain the AJ volume dependence of the AJ-atenolol interaction. In Wistar rats, the luminal fluid volume after administration of different volumes of purified water (0.5 and 1.0 mL) gradually reduced to a similar steady-state level, while that after administration of different volumes of AJ (0.5 and 1.0 mL) increased and attained different apparent steady-state levels. It was hypothesized that osmolality-dependent fluid secretion would account for the volume dependence of the apparent steady-state. Indeed, the luminal concentration of FD-4, a non-permeable compound, after administration in AJ was attenuated depending upon the ingested volume, whereas that after administration in purified water was independent of the ingested fluid volume. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats showed that co-administration of AJ and hyperosmotic solution (adjusted to the osmolality of AJ) with atenolol volume-dependently reduced the AUC and Cmax of atenolol significantly. These results show that osmolality-dependent variations in luminal fluid volume may indirectly influence the absorption characteristics of drugs, and can account for the observed volume dependence of beverage-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Funai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.; School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Takemura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.; School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Inoue
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.; School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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24
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Arian CM, Imaoka T, Yang J, Kelly EJ, Thummel KE. Gutsy science: In vitro systems of the human intestine to model oral drug disposition. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 230:107962. [PMID: 34478775 PMCID: PMC8821120 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The intestine has important gate-keeping functions that can profoundly affect the systemic blood exposure of orally administered drugs. Thus, characterizing a new molecular entity's (NME) disposition within the intestine is of utmost importance in drug development. While currently used in vitro systems, such as Ussing chamber, precision-cut intestinal slices, immortalized cell lines, and primary enterocytes provide substantial knowledge about drug absorption and the intestinal first-pass effect, they remain sub-optimal for quantitatively predicting this process and the oral bioavailability of many drugs. Use of novel in vitro systems such as intestinal organoids and intestinal microphysiological systems have provided substantial advances over the past decade, expanding our understanding of intestinal physiology, pathology, and development. However, application of these emerging in vitro systems in the pharmaceutical science is in its infancy. Preliminary work has demonstrated that these systems more accurately recapitulate the physiology and biochemistry of the intact intestine, as it relates to oral drug disposition, and thus they hold considerable promise as preclinical testing platforms of the future. Here we review currently used and emerging in vitro models of the human intestine employed in pharmaceutical science research. We also highlight aspects of these emerging tools that require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Arian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Tomoki Imaoka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jade Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Edward J Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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25
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Pfab C, Abgaryan A, Danzer B, Mourtada F, Ali W, Gessner A, El-Najjar N. Ceftazidime and cefepime antagonize 5-fluorouracil's effect in colon cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:125. [PMID: 35100987 PMCID: PMC8802503 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug-drug interaction (DDI), which can occur at the pharmacokinetics and/or the pharmacodynamics (PD) levels, can increase or decrease the therapeutic or adverse response of a drug itself or a combination of drugs. Cancer patients often receive, along their antineoplastic agents, antibiotics such as ß-lactams to treat or prevent infection. Despite the narrow therapeutic indices of antibiotics and antineoplastic agents, data about their potential interaction are insufficient. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), widely used against colon cancer, is known for its toxicity and large intra- and inter- individual variability. Therefore, knowledge about its interaction with antibiotics is crucial. Methods In this study, we evaluated at the PD levels, against HCT-116 colon cancer cells, DDI between 5-FU and several ß-lactams (ampicillin, benzypenicillin, piperacillin, meropenem, flucloxacillin, ceftazidime (CFT), and cefepime (CFP)), widely used in intensive care units. All drugs were tested at clinically achieved concentrations. MTT assay was used to measure the metabolic activity of the cells. Cell cycle profile and apoptosis induction were monitored, in HCT-116 and DLD-1 cells, using propidium iodide staining and Caspase-3/7 activity assay. The uptake of CFT and CFP by the cells was measured using LC-MS/MS method. Results Our data indicate that despite their limited uptake by the cells, CFT and CFP (two cephalosporins) antagonized significantly 5-FU-induced S-phase arrest (DLD-1 cells) and apoptosis induction (HCT-116 cells). Remarkably, while CFP did not affect the proliferation of colon cancer cells, CFT inhibited, at clinically relevant concentrations, the proliferation of DLD-1 cells via apoptosis induction, as evidenced by an increase in caspase 3/7 activation. Unexpectedly, 5-FU also antagonized CFT’s induced cell death in DLD-1 cells. Conclusion This study shows that CFP and CFT have adverse effects on 5-FU’s action while CFT is a potent anticancer agent that inhibits DLD-1 cells by inducing apoptotic cell death. Further studies are needed to decipher the mechanism(s) responsible for CFT’s effects against colon cancer as well as the observed antagonism between CFT, CFP, and 5-FU with the ultimate aim of translating the findings to the clinical settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-09125-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pfab
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anush Abgaryan
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Danzer
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fatme Mourtada
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Weaam Ali
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - André Gessner
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nahed El-Najjar
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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26
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Michiba K, Maeda K, Shimomura O, Miyazaki Y, Hashimoto S, Oda T, Kusuhara H. Usefulness of human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells for the prediction of intestinal drug absorption in humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:204-213. [PMID: 34992074 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells as a novel in vitro model for clarifying the impact of intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the intestinal absorption of substrate drugs in humans. Three-dimensional human intestinal spheroids were successfully established from surgical human jejunal specimens and expanded for a long period using L-WRN-conditioned medium, which contains Wnt3a, R-spondin 3, and noggin. The mRNA expression levels of intestinal pharmacokinetics-related genes in the human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells were drastically increased over a 5-day period after seeding compared with those in human jejunal spheroids and were approximately the same as those in human jejunal tissue over a culture period of at least 13 days. Activities of typical drug-metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450 [CYP] 3A, CYP2C9, uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A, and carboxylesterase 2) and uptake/efflux transporters (peptide transporter 1/SLC15A1, P-glycoprotein, and breast cancer resistance protein) in the differentiated cells were confirmed. Furthermore, intestinal availability (Fg) values estimated from the apical-to-basolateral permeation clearance across cell monolayer showed a good correlation with the in vivo Fg values in humans for five CYP3A substrate drugs (Fg range, 0.35-0.98). In conclusion, the functions of major intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters could be maintained in human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells. This model would be useful for the quantitative evaluation of the impact of intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the intestinal absorption of substrate drugs in humans. Significance Statement Limited information is available regarding the quantitative prediction of the impact of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the human intestinal absorption of substrates using in vitro assays with differentiated cells derived from human intestinal spheroids/organoids. We confirmed the functions of typical drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells and demonstrated that Fg values estimated from apical-to-basolateral permeation clearance across cell monolayers showed a good correlation with in vivo human Fg values for CYP3A substrate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Michiba
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Univ. of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, The Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Japan
| | - Osamu Shimomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyazaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shinji Hashimoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Matsui T. Polyphenols-absorption and occurrence in the body system. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.fstr-d-21-00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Matsui
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduated School of Kyushu University
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28
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Samura M, Hirose N, Kurata T, Takada K, Nagumo F, Koshioka S, Ishii J, Uchida M, Inoue J, Enoki Y, Taguchi K, Higashita R, Kunika N, Tanikawa K, Matsumoto K. Identification of Risk Factors for Daptomycin-Associated Creatine Phosphokinase Elevation and Development of a Risk Prediction Model for Incidence Probability. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab568. [PMID: 34888403 PMCID: PMC8651170 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the risk factors for daptomycin-associated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation and established a risk score for CPK elevation. METHODS Patients who received daptomycin at our hospital were classified into the non-elevated or elevated CPK group based on their peak CPK levels during daptomycin therapy. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed, and a risk score and prediction model for the incidence probability of CPK elevation were calculated based on logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The non-elevated and elevated CPK groups included 181 and 17 patients, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that concomitant statin use (odds ratio [OR], 4.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.40-14.47]; risk score 4), concomitant antihistamine use (OR, 5.66 [95% CI, 1.58-20.75]; risk score 4), and trough concentration (Cmin) between 20 and <30 µg/mL (OR, 14.48 [95% CI, 2.90-87.13]; risk score 5) and ≥30.0 µg/mL (OR, 24.64 [95% CI, 3.21-204.53]; risk score 5) were risk factors for daptomycin-associated CPK elevation. The predicted incidence probabilities of CPK elevation were <10% (low risk), 10%-<25% (moderate risk), and ≥25% (high risk) with total risk scores of ≤4, 5-6, and ≥8, respectively. The risk prediction model exhibited a good fit (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.85 [95% CI, .74-.95]). CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that concomitant use of statins with antihistamines and Cmin ≥20 µg/mL were risk factors for daptomycin-associated CPK elevation. Our prediction model might aid in reducing the incidence of daptomycin-associated CPK elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Samura
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Hirose
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takenori Kurata
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takada
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumio Nagumo
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sakura Koshioka
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junichi Ishii
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Uchida
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junki Inoue
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Enoki
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Higashita
- Wound Care Center, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kunika
- Internal Medicine, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Tanikawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matsumoto
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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Traccis F, Presciuttini R, Pani PP, Sinclair JMA, Leggio L, Agabio R. Alcohol-medication interactions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:519-541. [PMID: 34826511 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol and other xenobiotics may limit the therapeutic effects of medications. We aimed at investigating alcohol-medication interactions (AMI) after the exclusion of confounding effects related to other xenobiotics. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled studies comparing the effects induced by alcohol versus placebo on pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic parameters of approved medications. Certainty in the evidence of AMI was assessed when at least 3 independent studies and at least 200 participants were available. We included 107 articles (3097 participants): for diazepam, cannabis, opioids, and methylphenidate, we found significant AMI and enough data to assign the certainty of evidence. Alcohol consumption significantly increases the peak plasma concentration of diazepam (low certainty; almost 290 participants), cannabis (high certainty; almost 650 participants), opioids (low certainty; 560 participants), and methylphenidate (moderate certainty; 290 participants). For most medications, we found some AMI but not enough data to assign them the certainty grades; for some medications, we found no differences between alcohol and placebo in any outcomes evaluated. Our results add further evidence for interactions between alcohol and certain medications after the exclusion of confounding effects related to other xenobiotics. Physicians should advise patients who use these specific medications to avoid alcohol consumption. Further studies with appropriate control groups, enough female participants to investigate sex differences, and elderly population are needed to expand our knowledge in this field. Short phrases suitable for indexing terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Traccis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Presciuttini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Pier Paolo Pani
- Health Social Services Public Health Trust Sardinia, Cagliari, Italy.
| | | | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Intramural Clinical and Basic Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore and Bethesda, MD, United States; Medication Development Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Division of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.
| | - Roberta Agabio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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30
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Sato R, Akiyoshi T, Morita T, Katayama K, Yajima K, Kataoka H, Imaoka A, Ohtani H. Dual kinetics of OATP2B1: Inhibitory potency and pH-dependence of OATP2B1 inhibitors. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 41:100416. [PMID: 34619547 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2021.100416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 2B1 is expressed in the intestine and liver, and OATP2B1-mediated transport of estrone 3-sulfate is pH-dependent and consists of: the high-affinity component (Hc) and low-affinity component (Lc). This study aimed to evaluate the influence of pH on the transport kinetics of each component, along with the inhibitory nature of ten OATP2B1 inhibitors. The Michaelis constants (Km) were 4-fold and 1.5-fold lower at pH 6.3 than at pH 7.4, for Hc and Lc respectively. The inhibitory potencies of diclofenac, indomethacin, and ibuprofen towards Hc were 1.5-4.3 fold lower at pH 6.3 than at pH 7.4. Contrastingly, inhibitory potencies towards Lc were 9.0-52 fold lower at pH 7.4. Similarly, the inhibitory effect of naproxen was stronger towards Hc at pH 6.3 and towards Lc at pH 7.4. On the other hand, celecoxib selectively inhibited Lc transport at pH 7.4. Rifampicin inhibited both components at pH 6.3 and 7.4 to a similar extent, while bromosulphophthalein, naringin, and gefitinib selectively inhibited Hc irrespective of pH. Fexofenadine inhibited neither component. In conclusion, the transport affinities of both Hc and Lc were enhanced under acidic conditions. The influence of pH on the inhibitory potency towards each component varied among the inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Sato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Akiyoshi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Tokio Morita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Katayama
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan.
| | - Kodai Yajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kataoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Ayuko Imaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Hisakazu Ohtani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
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31
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Lei K, Yuan M, Zhou T, Ye Q, Zeng B, Zhou Q, Wei A, Guo L. Research progress in the application of bile acid-drug conjugates: A "trojan horse" strategy. Steroids 2021; 173:108879. [PMID: 34181976 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bile acid transporters are highly expressed in intestinal cells and hepatocytes, and they determine the uptake of drugs in cells by modulating cellular entry and exit. In order to improve the oral bioavailability of drugs and investigate the potential application prospects of drugs used to target cancer, numerous studies have adopted these transporters to identify prodrug strategies. Through the connection of covalent bonds between drugs and bile acids, the resulting bile acid-drug conjugates continue to be recognized as similar to natural unmodified bile acid and is translocated by the transporter. The present mini-review provides a brief summary of recent progress of the application of bile acid-drug conjugates based primarily on ASBT, NTCP, and OATP, with the hope of contributing to subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ailing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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32
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Wilson JL, Cheung KWK, Lin L, Green EAE, Porrás AI, Zou L, Mukanga D, Akpa PA, Darko DM, Yuan R, Ding S, Johnson WCN, Lee HA, Cooke E, Peck CC, Kern SE, Hartman D, Hayashi Y, Marks PW, Altman RB, Lumpkin MM, Giacomini KM, Blaschke TF. Scientific considerations for global drug development. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/554/eaax2550. [PMID: 32727913 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Requiring regional or in-country confirmatory clinical trials before approval of drugs already approved elsewhere delays access to medicines in low- and middle-income countries and raises drug costs. Here, we discuss the scientific and technological advances that may reduce the need for in-country or in-region clinical trials for drugs approved in other countries and limitations of these advances that could necessitate in-region clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Wilson
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kit Wun Kathy Cheung
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence Lin
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A E Green
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Analia I Porrás
- Medicines and Health Technologies Unit, Department of Health Systems and Services, Pan American Health Organization, Regional Office of the World Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ling Zou
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Mukanga
- Global Health, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul A Akpa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | | | - Rae Yuan
- Sinovant Sciences Co., Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Howard A Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Emer Cooke
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carl C Peck
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,NDA Partners LLC, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Steven E Kern
- Global Health, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dan Hartman
- Global Health, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Peter W Marks
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Russ B Altman
- Departments of Bioengineering and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Murray M Lumpkin
- Global Health, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Giacomini
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Terrence F Blaschke
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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33
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Downregulated expression of organic anion transporting polypeptide (Oatp) 2b1 in the small intestine of rats with acute kidney injury. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 40:100411. [PMID: 34284282 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2021.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The expression of transporters on the apical and basal membranes of renal tubular cells is modulated under acute kidney injury (AKI). However, little is known about alterations in non-renal transporters in the tissues other than the kidney under AKI situation. This study aimed to assess the modulation of organic anion transporting polypeptide (Oatp) 1a2 and Oatp2b1 expression/function in the small intestine of rats with drug-induced AKI. AKI was induced by intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin at a dose of 5 mg/kg. On day 3 after cisplatin administration, morphological changes in the small intestine, Oatp1a2 and Oatp2b1 expression, and absorption of pravastatin and theophylline were evaluated. Non-negligible atrophy was observed in the jejunum and ileum of the AKI rats. However, the absorption of theophylline was not affected. While intestinal Oatp2b1 expression was markedly decreased in the AKI rats, no alteration was observed in Oatp1a2 expression. The plasma levels of pravastatin after intraluminal administration declined significantly in the AKI rats. However, no such decline was observed after intravenous administration. This study suggested that the responses of intestinal Oatps to experimentally induced AKI was not unidirectional and that pravastatin absorption was governed more potently by Oatp2b1 than by Oatp1a2 in the rat intestine.
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34
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Intestinal membrane transporter-mediated approaches to improve oral drug delivery. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00515-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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35
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Rysz J, Franczyk B, Kujawski K, Sacewicz-Hofman I, Ciałkowska-Rysz A, Gluba-Brzózka A. Are Nutraceuticals Beneficial in Chronic Kidney Disease? Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:231. [PMID: 33562154 PMCID: PMC7915977 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem in which prevalence is constantly rising. The pathophysiology of CKD is complicated and has not been fully resolved. However, elevated oxidative stress is considered to play a vital role in the development of this disease. CKD is also thought to be an inflammatory disorder in which uremic toxins participate in the development of the inflammatory milieu. A healthy, balanced diet supports the maintenance of a good health status as it helps to reduce the risk of the development of chronic diseases, including chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Numerous studies have demonstrated that functional molecules and nutrients, including fatty acids and fiber as well as nutraceuticals such as curcumin, steviol glycosides, and resveratrol not only exert beneficial effects on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways but also on gut mucosa. Nutraceuticals have attracted great interest recently due to their potential favorable physiological effects on the human body and their safety. This review presents some nutraceuticals in which consumption could exert a beneficial impact on the development and progression of renal disease as well cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (J.R.); (B.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (J.R.); (B.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Kujawski
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (J.R.); (B.F.); (K.K.)
| | | | | | - Anna Gluba-Brzózka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (J.R.); (B.F.); (K.K.)
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36
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Telbisz Á, Ambrus C, Mózner O, Szabó E, Várady G, Bakos É, Sarkadi B, Özvegy-Laczka C. Interactions of Potential Anti-COVID-19 Compounds with Multispecific ABC and OATP Drug Transporters. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010081. [PMID: 33435273 PMCID: PMC7827085 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, several repurposed drugs have been proposed to alleviate the major health effects of the disease. These drugs are often applied with analgesics or non-steroid anti-inflammatory compounds, and co-morbid patients may also be treated with anticancer, cholesterol-lowering, or antidiabetic agents. Since drug ADME-tox properties may be significantly affected by multispecific transporters, in this study, we examined the interactions of the repurposed drugs with the key human multidrug transporters present in the major tissue barriers and strongly affecting the pharmacokinetics. Our in vitro studies, using a variety of model systems, explored the interactions of the antimalarial agents chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine; the antihelmintic ivermectin; and the proposed antiviral compounds ritonavir, lopinavir, favipiravir, and remdesivir with the ABCB1/Pgp, ABCG2/BCRP, and ABCC1/MRP1 exporters, as well as the organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)2B1 and OATP1A2 uptake transporters. The results presented here show numerous pharmacologically relevant transporter interactions and may provide a warning on the potential toxicities of these repurposed drugs, especially in drug combinations at the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Telbisz
- Institute of Enzymology, ELKH Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.T.); (O.M.); (E.S.); (G.V.); (É.B.)
| | - Csilla Ambrus
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Irinyi József Street 4-20, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Mózner
- Institute of Enzymology, ELKH Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.T.); (O.M.); (E.S.); (G.V.); (É.B.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Szabó
- Institute of Enzymology, ELKH Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.T.); (O.M.); (E.S.); (G.V.); (É.B.)
| | - György Várady
- Institute of Enzymology, ELKH Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.T.); (O.M.); (E.S.); (G.V.); (É.B.)
| | - Éva Bakos
- Institute of Enzymology, ELKH Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.T.); (O.M.); (E.S.); (G.V.); (É.B.)
| | - Balázs Sarkadi
- Institute of Enzymology, ELKH Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.T.); (O.M.); (E.S.); (G.V.); (É.B.)
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (C.Ö.-L.)
| | - Csilla Özvegy-Laczka
- Institute of Enzymology, ELKH Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.T.); (O.M.); (E.S.); (G.V.); (É.B.)
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (C.Ö.-L.)
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37
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Multifaceted Factors Causing Conflicting Outcomes in Herb-Drug Interactions. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:pharmaceutics13010043. [PMID: 33396770 PMCID: PMC7824553 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic enzyme and/or transporter-mediated pharmacokinetic (PK) changes in a drug caused by concomitant herbal products have been a primary issue of herb and drug interactions (HDIs), because PK changes of a drug may result in the alternation of efficacy and toxicity. Studies on HDIs have been carried out by predictive in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, and clinical trials. Nevertheless, the discrepancies between predictive data and the clinical significance on HDIs still exist, and different reports of HDIs add to rather than clarify the confusion regarding the use of herbal products and drug combinations. Here, we briefly review the underlying mechanisms causing PK-based HDIs, and more importantly summarize challenging issues, such as dose and treatment period effects, to be considered in study designs and interpretations of HDI evaluations.
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38
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Exploring Herbal Medicine Use during Palliative Cancer Care: The Integrative Physician as a Facilitator of Pharmacist-Patient-Oncologist Communication. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120455. [PMID: 33322582 PMCID: PMC7763590 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncology patients frequently use herbal and other forms of complementary medicine, often without the knowledge of oncologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals responsible for their care. Oncology healthcare professionals may lack the knowledge needed to guide their patients on the safe and effective use of herbal medicinal products, a number of which have potentially harmful effects, which include direct toxicity and negative herb–drug interactions. The current review addresses the prevalence and expectations of oncology patients from herbal medicine, as well as evidence for the beneficial or harmful effects of this practice (potential and actual), especially when the herbal products are used in conjunction with anticancer agents. Models of integrative oncology care are described, in which open and effective communication among oncologists, pharmacists, and integrative physicians on the use of herbal medicine by their patients occurs. This collaboration provides patients with a nonjudgmental and multidisciplinary approach to integrative medicine, echoing their own health-belief models of care during conventional cancer treatments. The role of the integrative physician is to facilitate this process, working with oncologists and pharmacists in the fostering of patient-centered palliative care, while ensuring a safe and effective treatment environment. Case scenario: W. is a 56 year old female artist who was recently diagnosed with localized hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Following lumpectomy and sentinel node dissection, she is scheduled to begin adjuvant chemotherapy with a regimen which will include adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel (AC-T protocol). She is worried about developing peripheral neuropathy and its impact on her ability to paint, and she asks about a number of dietary supplements which she heard could prevent this from happening: omega-3, vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, and acetyl-l-carnithine. She is concerned, however, that the supplements may negatively interact with her chemotherapy regimen.
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39
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Lautz LS, Jeddi MZ, Girolami F, Nebbia C, Dorne JLCM. Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of pharmaceuticals in cats (Felix sylvestris catus) and implications for the risk assessment of feed additives and contaminants. Toxicol Lett 2020; 338:114-127. [PMID: 33253781 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In animal health risk assessment, hazard characterisation of feed additives has been often using the default uncertainty factor (UF) of 100 to translate a no-observed-adverse-effect level in test species (rat, mouse, dog, rabbit) to a 'safe' level of chronic exposure in farm and companion animal species. Historically, both 10-fold factors have been further divided to include chemical-specific data in both dimensions when available. For cats (Felis Sylvestris catus), an extra default UF of 5 is applied due to the species' deficiency in particularly glucuronidation and glycine conjugation. This paper aims to assess the scientific basis and validity of the UF for inter-species differences in kinetics (4.0) and the extra UF applied for cats through a comparison of kinetic parameters between rats and cats for 30 substrates of phase I and phase II metabolism. When the parent compound undergoes glucuronidation the default factor of 4.0 is exceeded, with exceptions for zidovudine and S-carprofen. Compounds that were mainly renally excreted did not exceed the 4.0-fold default. Mixed results were obtained for chemicals which are metabolised by CYP3A in rats. When chemicals were administered intravenously the 4.0-fold default was not exceeded with the exception of clomipramine, lidocaine and alfentanil. The differences seen after oral administration might be due to differences in first-pass metabolism and bioavailability. Further work is needed to further characterise phase I, phase II enzymes and transporters in cats to support the development of databases and in silico models to support hazard characterisation of chemicals particularly for feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Lautz
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Houtlaan 4, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - M Z Jeddi
- European Food Safety Authority, Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Via Carlo Magno, 1A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - F Girolami
- University of Torino, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - C Nebbia
- University of Torino, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - J L C M Dorne
- European Food Safety Authority, Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Via Carlo Magno, 1A, 43126 Parma, Italy.
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40
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Morita T, Akiyoshi T, Sato R, Uekusa Y, Katayama K, Yajima K, Imaoka A, Sugimoto Y, Kiuchi F, Ohtani H. Citrus Fruit-Derived Flavanone Glycoside Narirutin is a Novel Potent Inhibitor of Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:14182-14191. [PMID: 33210911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) 1A2 and OATP2B1 are expressed in the small intestine and are involved in drug absorption. We identified narirutin, which is present in grapefruit juice, as a novel OATP inhibitor. The citrus fruit jabara also contains high levels of narirutin; therefore, we investigated the inhibitory potency of jabara juice against OATPs. The inhibitory effects of various related compounds on the transport activity of OATPs were evaluated using OATP-expressing HEK293 cells. The IC50 values of narirutin for OATP1A2- and OATP2B1-mediated transport were 22.6 and 18.2 μM, respectively. Other flavanone derivatives from grapefruit juice also inhibited OATP1A2/OATP2B1-mediated transport (order of inhibitory potency: naringenin > narirutin > naringin). Five percent jabara juice significantly inhibited OATP1A2- and OATP2B1-mediated transport by 67 ± 11 and 81 ± 5.5%, respectively (p < 0.05). Based on their inhibitory potency and levels in grapefruit juice, the inhibition of OATPs by grapefruit juice is attributable to both naringin and narirutin. Citrus × jabara, which contains narirutin, potently inhibits OATP-mediated transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokio Morita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akiyoshi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Ryo Sato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Uekusa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Katayama
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Kodai Yajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Ayuko Imaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Kiuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Ohtani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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41
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Tikkanen A, Pierrot E, Deng F, Sánchez VB, Hagström M, Koenderink JB, Kidron H. Food Additives as Inhibitors of Intestinal Drug Transporter OATP2B1. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3748-3758. [PMID: 32845645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Food additives are compounds that are added to food and beverage to improve the taste, color, preservation, or composition. Generally, food additives are considered safe for human use due to safety evaluations conducted by food safety authorities and high safety margins applied to permitted usage levels. However, the interaction potential of food additives with simultaneously administered medication has not received much attention. Even though many food additives are poorly absorbed into systemic circulation, high concentrations could exist in the intestinal lumen, making intestinal drug transporters, such as the uptake transporter organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1), a possible site of food additive-drug interactions. In the present work, we aimed to characterize the interaction of a selection of 25 food additives including colorants, preservatives, and sweeteners with OATP2B1 in vitro. In human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells transiently overexpressing OATP2B1 or control, uptake of dibromofluorescein was studied with and without 50 μM food additive at pH 7.4. As OATP2B1 displays substrate- and pH-dependent transport functions and the intraluminal pH varies along the gastrointestinal tract, we performed the studies also at pH 5.5 using estrone sulfate as an OATP2B1 substrate. Food additives that inhibited OATP2B1-mediated substrate transport by ≥50% were subjected to dose-response studies. Six colorants were identified and validated as OATP2B1 inhibitors at pH 5.5, but only three of these were categorized as inhibitors at pH 7.4. One sweetener was validated as an inhibitor under both assay conditions, whereas none of the preservatives exhibited ≥50% inhibition of OATP2B1-mediated transport. Extrapolation of computed inhibitory constants (Ki values) to estimations of intestinal food additive concentrations implies that selected colorants could inhibit intestinal OATP2B1 also in vivo. These results suggest that food additives, especially colorants, could alter the pharmacokinetics of orally administered OATP2B1 substrate drugs, although further in vivo studies are warranted to understand the overall clinical consequences of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alli Tikkanen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Estelle Pierrot
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Feng Deng
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virginia Barras Sánchez
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja Hagström
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan B Koenderink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 EZ, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi Kidron
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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42
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Bakos É, Tusnády GE, Német O, Patik I, Magyar C, Németh K, Kele P, Özvegy-Laczka C. Synergistic transport of a fluorescent coumarin probe marks coumarins as pharmacological modulators of Organic anion-transporting polypeptide, OATP3A1. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114250. [PMID: 32991865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 3A1 (OATP3A1) is a membrane transporter mediating the cellular uptake of various hormones such as estrone-3-sulfate, prostaglandins E1 and E2 and thyroxine. OATP3A1 is widely expressed in the human body and its presence in tissue-blood barriers, neurons and muscle cells marks it as a potential pharmacological target. Herein we demonstrate that an otherwise membrane impermeant, zwitterionic fluorescent coumarin probe, bearing a sulfonate function is a potent substrate of human OATP3A1, thus readily transported into HEK-293-OATP3A1 cells allowing functional investigation and the screen of drug interactions of the OATP3A1 transporter. At the same time, dyes lacking either the sulfonate motif or the coumarin scaffold showed a dramatic decrease in affinity or even a complete loss of transport. Furthermore, we observed a distinct inhibition/activation pattern in the OATP3A1-mediated uptake of closely related fluorescent coumarin derivatives differing only in the presence of the sulfonate moiety. Additionally, we detected a synergistic effect between one of the probes tested and the endogenous OATP substrate estrone-3-sulfate. These data, together with docking results indicate the presence of at least two cooperative substrate binding sites in OATP3A1. Besides providing the first sensitive probe for testing OATP3A1 substrate/inhibitor interactions, our results also help to understand substrate recognition and transport mechanism of the poorly characterized OATP3A1. Moreover, coumarins are good candidates for OATP3A1-targeted drug delivery and as pharmacological modulators of OATP3A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Bakos
- Membrane Protein Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor E Tusnády
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Német
- Membrane Protein Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Izabel Patik
- Membrane Protein Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Magyar
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Németh
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Kele
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Özvegy-Laczka
- Membrane Protein Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest, Hungary.
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Beverage-Drug Interaction: Effects of Green Tea Beverage Consumption on Atorvastatin Metabolism and Membrane Transporters in the Small Intestine and Liver of Rats. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10090233. [PMID: 32937767 PMCID: PMC7559440 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Green tea (GT) beverages are popular worldwide and may prevent the development of many chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. To investigate whether the consumption of a GT beverage causes drug interactions, the effects of GT beverage consumption on atorvastatin metabolism and membrane transporters were evaluated. Male rats were fed a chow diet with tap water or the GT beverage for 3 weeks. Then, the rats were given a single oral dose (10 mg/kg body weight (BW)) of atorvastatin (ATV), and blood was collected at various time points within 6 h. The results show that GT consumption increased the plasma concentrations (AUC0–6h) of ATV (+85%) and 2-OH ATV (+93.3%). GT also increased the 2-OH ATV (+40.9%) and 4-OH ATV (+131.6%) contents in the liver. Decreased cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A enzyme activity, with no change in P-glycoprotein expression in the intestine, was observed in rats treated with GT. Additionally, GT increased hepatic CYP3A-mediated ATV metabolism and decreased organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP) 2 membrane protein expression. There was no significant difference in the membrane protein expression of OATP2B1 and P-glycoprotein in the intestine and liver after the GT treatment. The results show that GT consumption may lower hepatic OATP2 and, thus, limit hepatic drug uptake and increase plasma exposure to ATV and 2-OH ATV.
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Arnold YE, Kalia YN. Using Ex Vivo Porcine Jejunum to Identify Membrane Transporter Substrates: A Screening Tool for Early-Stage Drug Development. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090340. [PMID: 32927779 PMCID: PMC7555276 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust, predictive ex vivo/in vitro models to study intestinal drug absorption by passive and active transport mechanisms are scarce. Membrane transporters can significantly impact drug uptake and transporter-mediated drug–drug interactions can play a pivotal role in determining the drug safety profile. Here, the presence and activity of seven clinically relevant apical/basolateral drug transporters found in human jejunum were tested using ex vivo porcine intestine in a Ussing chamber system. Experiments using known substrates of peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1), organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP2B1), organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), multi drug resistance-associated protein 2 and 3 (MRP2 and MRP3), in the absence and presence of potent inhibitors, showed that there was a statistically significant change in apparent intestinal permeability Papp,pig (cm/s) in the presence of the corresponding inhibitor. For MRP2, a transporter reportedly present at relatively low concentration, although Papp,pig did not significantly change in the presence of the inhibitor, substrate deposition (QDEP) in the intestinal tissue was significantly increased. The activity of the seven transport proteins was successfully demonstrated and the results provided insight into their apical/basolateral localization. In conclusion, the results suggest that studies using the porcine intestine/Ussing chamber system, which could easily be integrated into the drug development process, might enable the early-stage identification of new molecular entities that are substrates of membrane transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne E. Arnold
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yogeshvar N. Kalia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-(0)22-379-3355
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van Nuland M, Rosing H, Huitema ADR, Beijnen JH. Predictive Value of Microdose Pharmacokinetics. Clin Pharmacokinet 2020; 58:1221-1236. [PMID: 31030372 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-019-00769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phase 0 microdose trials are exploratory studies to early assess human pharmacokinetics of new chemical entities, while limiting drug exposure and risks for participants. The microdose concept is based on the assumption that microdose pharmacokinetics can be extrapolated to pharmacokinetics of a therapeutic dose. However, it is unknown whether microdose pharmacokinetics are actually indicative of the pharmacokinetics at therapeutic dose. The aim of this review is to investigate the predictive value of microdose pharmacokinetics and to identify drug characteristics that may influence the scalability of these parameters. The predictive value of microdose pharmacokinetics was determined for 46 compounds and showed adequate predictability for 28 of 41 orally administered drugs (68%) and 15 of 16 intravenously administered drugs (94%). Microdose pharmacokinetics were considered predictive if the mean observed values of the microdose and the therapeutic dose were within twofold. Nonlinearity may be caused by saturation of enzyme and transporter systems, such as intestinal and hepatic efflux and uptake transporters. The high degree of success regarding linear pharmacokinetics shows that phase 0 microdose trials can be used as an early human model for determination of drug pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel van Nuland
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Hilde Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Sodhi JK, Benet LZ. The Necessity of Using Changes in Absorption Time to Implicate Intestinal Transporter Involvement in Oral Drug-Drug Interactions. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:111. [PMID: 32808084 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In drug discovery and development, it is of high interest to characterize the potential for intestinal drug-drug interactions to alter bioavailability of a victim drug. For drugs that are substrates of both intestinal transporters and enzymes, estimating the relative contribution of each process has proved challenging, especially since the susceptibility of drug to uptake or efflux transporters in vitro does not always translate to clinically significant in vivo involvement. Here we introduce a powerful methodology to implicate intestinal transporters in drug-drug interactions based on the theory that clinically relevant intestinal transporter interactions will result in altered rate of absorption of victim drugs. METHODS AND MATERIALS We present exemplary clinical drug-drug interaction studies that utilize well-characterized clinical substrates and perpetrators to demonstrate how mean absorption time (MAT) and time to maximum concentration (tmax) are expected to change (or remain unchanged) when either intestinal transporters or metabolic enzymes were/are altered. Apixaban was also selected to demonstrate the utility of the methodology, as the purported involvement of both intestinal enzymes and transporters has been suggested in its FDA package insert. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Acute inhibition of gut efflux transporters resulted in decreased MAT and tmaxvalues, induction increased these values, while inhibition of intestinal metabolic enzymes did not result in altered MAT or tmax. Involvement of intestinal efflux transporters in apixaban disposition is unlikely. CONCLUSION Utilization of this simple but powerful methodology to implicate intestinal transporter involvement will have significant impact on how drug-drug interactions are interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasleen K Sodhi
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave Rm HSE 1164, UCSF Box 0912, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Leslie Z Benet
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave Rm HSE 1164, UCSF Box 0912, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Uptake Transporters of the SLC21, SLC22A, and SLC15A Families in Anticancer Therapy-Modulators of Cellular Entry or Pharmacokinetics? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082263. [PMID: 32806706 PMCID: PMC7464370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier transporters comprise a large family of uptake transporters involved in the transmembrane transport of a wide array of endogenous substrates such as hormones, nutrients, and metabolites as well as of clinically important drugs. Several cancer therapeutics, ranging from chemotherapeutics such as topoisomerase inhibitors, DNA-intercalating drugs, and microtubule binders to targeted therapeutics such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors are substrates of solute carrier (SLC) transporters. Given that SLC transporters are expressed both in organs pivotal to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination and in tumors, these transporters constitute determinants of cellular drug accumulation influencing intracellular drug concentration required for efficacy of the cancer treatment in tumor cells. In this review, we explore the current understanding of members of three SLC families, namely SLC21 (organic anion transporting polypeptides, OATPs), SLC22A (organic cation transporters, OCTs; organic cation/carnitine transporters, OCTNs; and organic anion transporters OATs), and SLC15A (peptide transporters, PEPTs) in the etiology of cancer, in transport of chemotherapeutic drugs, and their influence on efficacy or toxicity of pharmacotherapy. We further explore the idea to exploit the function of SLC transporters to enhance cancer cell accumulation of chemotherapeutics, which would be expected to reduce toxic side effects in healthy tissue and to improve efficacy.
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Inhibitory Effects of Quercetin and Its Main Methyl, Sulfate, and Glucuronic Acid Conjugates on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes, and on OATP, BCRP and MRP2 Transporters. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082306. [PMID: 32751996 PMCID: PMC7468908 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid, its glycosides and aglycone are found in significant amounts in several plants and dietary supplements. Because of the high presystemic biotransformation of quercetin, mainly its conjugates appear in circulation. As has been reported in previous studies, quercetin can interact with several proteins of pharmacokinetic importance. However, the interactions of its metabolites with biotransformation enzymes and drug transporters have barely been examined. In this study, the inhibitory effects of quercetin and its most relevant methyl, sulfate, and glucuronide metabolites were tested on cytochrome P450 (CYP) (2C19, 3A4, and 2D6) enzymes as well as on organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) (OATP1A2, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP2B1) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Binding Cassette (ABC) (BCRP and MRP2) transporters. Quercetin and its metabolites (quercetin-3'-sulfate, quercetin-3-glucuronide, isorhamnetin, and isorhamnetin-3-glucuronide) showed weak inhibitory effects on CYP2C19 and 3A4, while they did not affect CYP2D6 activity. Some of the flavonoids caused weak inhibition of OATP1A2 and MRP2. However, most of the compounds tested proved to be strong inhibitors of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and BCRP. Our data demonstrate that not only quercetin but some of its conjugates, can also interact with CYP enzymes and drug transporters. Therefore, high intake of quercetin may interfere with the pharmacokinetics of drugs.
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Unger MS, Schumacher L, Enzlein T, Weigt D, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Schwab M, Nies AT, Drewes G, Schulz S, Reinhard FBM, Hopf C. Direct Automated MALDI Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Cellular Transporter Function: Inhibition of OATP2B1 Uptake by 294 Drugs. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11851-11859. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S. Unger
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Cellzome - a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69177 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Schumacher
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Enzlein
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - David Weigt
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maciej J. Zamek-Gliszczynski
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne T. Nies
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome - a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69177 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Schulz
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Lofthouse EM, Cleal JK, Hudson G, Lewis RM, Sengers BG. Glibenclamide transfer across the perfused human placenta is determined by albumin binding not transporter activity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 152:105436. [PMID: 32592753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The placenta mediates the transfer of maternal nutrients into the fetal circulation while removing fetal waste products, drugs and environmental toxins that may otherwise be detrimental to fetal development. This study investigated the role of drug transporters and protein binding in the transfer of the antidiabetic drug glibenclamide across the human placental syncytiotrophoblast using placental perfusion experiments and computational modeling. In the absence of albumin, placental glibenclamide uptake from the fetal circulation was not affected by competitive inhibition with bromosulphothalein (BSP), indicating that OATP2B1 does not mediate placental glibenclamide uptake from the fetus. In the presence of maternal and fetal albumin, BSP increased placental glibenclamide uptake from the fetal circulation by displacing glibenclamide from BSA, increasing the free fraction of glibenclamide driving diffusive transport. The P-gp and BCRP inhibitor GF120918 did not affect placental glibenclamide uptake from the maternal circulation and as such this study did not find any evidence for the apical efflux transporters in placental glibenclamide transfer. Computational modeling confirmed that albumin binding and not transporter activity, is the dominant factor in the transfer of glibenclamide across the human placenta. The effect of BSP binding to albumin on promoting the diffusive transfer of glibenclamide highlights the importance of drug-protein binding interactions and their interpretation using computational modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Lofthouse
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Jane K Cleal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | | | - Rohan M Lewis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Bram G Sengers
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK.
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