1
|
Bouchez CL, Daubon T, Mourier A. NADH-independent enzymatic assay to quantify extracellular and intracellular L-lactate levels. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101403. [PMID: 35600935 PMCID: PMC9120226 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle L. Bouchez
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Corresponding author
| | - Thomas Daubon
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Arnaud Mourier
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Campioni G, Pasquale V, Busti S, Ducci G, Sacco E, Vanoni M. An Optimized Workflow for the Analysis of Metabolic Fluxes in Cancer Spheroids Using Seahorse Technology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050866. [PMID: 35269488 PMCID: PMC8909358 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional cancer models, such as spheroids, are increasingly being used to study cancer metabolism because they can better recapitulate the molecular and physiological aspects of the tumor architecture than conventional monolayer cultures. Although Agilent Seahorse XFe96 (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, United States) is a valuable technology for studying metabolic alterations occurring in cancer cells, its application to three-dimensional cultures is still poorly optimized. We present a reliable and reproducible workflow for the Seahorse metabolic analysis of three-dimensional cultures. An optimized protocol enables the formation of spheroids highly regular in shape and homogenous in size, reducing variability in metabolic parameters among the experimental replicates, both under basal and drug treatment conditions. High-resolution imaging allows the calculation of the number of viable cells in each spheroid, the normalization of metabolic parameters on a per-cell basis, and grouping of the spheroids as a function of their size. Multivariate statistical tests on metabolic parameters determined by the Mito Stress test on two breast cancer cell lines show that metabolic differences among the studied spheroids are mostly related to the cell line rather than to the size of the spheroid. The optimized workflow allows high-resolution metabolic characterization of three-dimensional cultures, their comparison with monolayer cultures, and may aid in the design and interpretation of (multi)drug protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Campioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (G.D.); (E.S.)
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pasquale
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (G.D.); (E.S.)
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Busti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (G.D.); (E.S.)
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Ducci
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (G.D.); (E.S.)
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sacco
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (G.D.); (E.S.)
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Vanoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (V.P.); (S.B.); (G.D.); (E.S.)
- SYSBIO (Centre of Systems Biology), ISBE (Infrastructure Systems Biology Europe), 20126 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-6448-3525
| |
Collapse
|