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Huang L, Chen J, Zhao Y, Gu L, Shao X, Li J, Xu Y, Liu Z, Xu Q. Key candidate genes of STAT1 and CXCL10 in melanoma identified by integrated bioinformatical analysis. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1634-1644. [PMID: 31216116 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms and gene signatures of melanoma are unknown. In this study, three expression profile data sets (GSE65568, GSE100050, GSE114445) were integrated to identify candidate genes explaining the pathways and functions of melanoma. Expression data sets including 24 melanoma tumours and 13 normal skin samples were merged and analysed in detail. The three GSE profiles shared 431 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 227 upregulated genes, 200 downregulated genes and 4 differentially regulated genes. Moreover, the functions and signalling pathways of the shared DEGs with significant p-values were identified. The two most significant modules were filtered from the DEGs protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, which consisted of 284 nodes. We also plotted the prognostic value of hub genes from an online database. In summary, using integrated bioinformatic analysis, we have identified candidate DEGs and pathways in melanoma that could improve our understanding of the causes and underlying molecular events of melanoma, and these candidate genes and pathways could be therapeutic targets for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linaer Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuqing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Marek AJ, Chu EY, Ming ME, Khan ZA, Kovarik CL. Impact of a smartphone application on skin self-examination rates in patients who are new to total body photography: A randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 79:564-567. [PMID: 29438760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Marek
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Harbor Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Emily Y Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael E Ming
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zeeshan A Khan
- Department of Medicine, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey
| | - Carrie L Kovarik
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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3
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Marek AJ, Chu EY, Ming ME, Kovarik CL. Assessment of smartphone applications for total body digital photography-guided skin exams by patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 75:1063-1064.e1. [PMID: 27745634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Marek
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Emily Y Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Michael E Ming
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Carrie L Kovarik
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
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Akman T, Oztop I, Unek IT, Koca D, Unal OU, Salman T, Yavuzsen T, Yilmaz AU, Somali I, Demir N, Ellidokuz H. Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors of high-risk malignant melanoma patients after surgery and adjuvant high-dose interferon treatment: a single-center experience. Chemotherapy 2015; 60:228-38. [PMID: 25870939 DOI: 10.1159/000371838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical excision constitutes an important part of the treatment of local advanced malignant melanoma. Due to the high recurrence risk, adjuvant high-dose interferon therapy is still the only therapy used in stage IIB and III high-risk melanoma patients. METHODS One hundred two high-risk malignant melanoma patients who received high-dose interferon-α-2b therapy were evaluated retrospectively. The clinicopathological features, survival times, and prognostic factors of the patients were determined. RESULTS The median disease-free and overall survival times were 25.2 and 60.8 months, respectively. Our findings revealed that male gender, advanced disease stage, lymph node involvement, lymphatic invasion, the presence of ulceration, and a high Clark level were significant negative prognostic factors. CONCLUSION In light of the favorable survival results obtained in this study, high-dose interferon treatment as adjuvant therapy for high-risk melanoma is still an efficient treatment and its possible side effects can be prevented by taking the necessary precautions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulay Akman
- Division of Medical Oncology, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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5
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The role of BRAF mutation in patients with high-risk malignant melanoma treated with high-dose adjuvant interferon therapy. Med Oncol 2014; 32:440. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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6
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Wouters J, Vankelecom H, van den Oord J. Cancer stem cells in cutaneous melanoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/edm.09.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Mocellin S, Lens MB, Pasquali S, Pilati P, Chiarion Sileni V. Interferon alpha for the adjuvant treatment of cutaneous melanoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 2013:CD008955. [PMID: 23775773 PMCID: PMC10773707 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008955.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon alpha is the only agent approved for the postoperative adjuvant treatment of high-risk cutaneous melanoma. However, the survival advantage associated with this treatment is unclear, especially in terms of overall survival. Thus, adjuvant interferon is not universally considered a gold standard treatment by all oncologists. OBJECTIVES To assess the disease-free survival and overall survival effects of interferon alpha as adjuvant treatment for people with high-risk cutaneous melanoma. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases up to August 2012: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL in The Cochrane Library (2012, issue 8), MEDLINE (from 2005), EMBASE (from 2010), AMED (from 1985), and LILACS (from 1982). We also searched trials databases in 2011, and proceedings of the ASCO annual meeting from 2000 to 2011. We checked the reference lists of selected articles for further references to relevant trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interferon alpha to observation (or any other treatment) for the postoperative (adjuvant) treatment of patients with high-risk skin melanoma, that is, people with regional lymph node metastasis (American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM (tumour, lymph node, metastasis) stage III) undergoing radical lymph node dissection, or people without nodal disease but with primary tumour thickness greater than 1 mm (AJCC TNM stage II). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors extracted data, and a third author independently verified the extracted data. The main outcome measure was the hazard ratio (HR), which is the ratio of the risk of the event occurring in the treatment arm (adjuvant interferon) compared to the control arm (no adjuvant interferon). The survival data were either entered directly into Review Manager (RevMan) or extrapolated from Kaplan-Meier plots and then entered into RevMan. Based on the presence of between-study heterogeneity, we applied a fixed-effect or random-effects model for calculating the pooled estimates of treatment efficacy. MAIN RESULTS Eighteen RCTs enrolling a total of 10,499 participants were eligible for the review. The results from 17 of 18 of these RCTs, published between 1995 and 2011, were suitable for meta-analysis and allowed us to quantify the therapeutic efficacy of interferon in terms of disease-free survival (17 trials) and overall survival (15 trials). Adjuvant interferon was associated with significantly improved disease-free survival (HR (hazard ratio) = 0.83; 95% CI (confidence interval) 0.78 to 0.87, P value < 0.00001) and overall survival (HR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.85 to 0.97; P value = 0.003). We detected no significant between-study heterogeneity (disease-free survival: I² statistic = 16%, Q-test P value = 0.27; overall survival: I² statistic = 6%; Q-test P value = 0.38).Considering that the 5-year overall survival rate for TNM stage II-III cutaneous melanoma is 60%, the number needed to treat (NNT) is 35 participants (95% CI = 21 to 108 participants) in order to prevent 1 death. The results of subgroup analysis failed to answer the question of whether some treatment features (i.e. dosage, duration) might have an impact on interferon efficacy or whether some participant subgroups (i.e. with or without lymph node positivity) might benefit differently from interferon adjuvant treatment.Grade 3 and 4 toxicity was observed in a minority of participants: In some trials, no-one had fever or fatigue of Grade 3 severity, but in other trials, up to 8% had fever and up to 23% had fatigue of Grade 3 severity. Less than 1% of participants had fever and fatigue of Grade 4 severity. Although it impaired quality of life, toxicity disappeared after treatment discontinuation. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis support the therapeutic efficacy of adjuvant interferon alpha for the treatment of people with high-risk (AJCC TNM stage II-III) cutaneous melanoma in terms of both disease-free survival and, though to a lower extent, overall survival. Interferon is also valid as a reference treatment in RCTs investigating new therapeutic agents for the adjuvant treatment of this participant population. Further investigation is required to select people who are most likely to benefit from this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mocellin
- Meta-Analysis Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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8
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Mocellin S, Lens MB, Pasquali S, Pilati P. Interferon alpha for the adjuvant treatment of cutaneous melanoma. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Wang SQ, Hashemi P. Noninvasive Imaging Technologies in the Diagnosis of Melanoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 29:174-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sder.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Mocellin S, Shrager J, Scolyer R, Pasquali S, Verdi D, Marincola FM, Briarava M, Gobbel R, Rossi C, Nitti D. Targeted Therapy Database (TTD): a model to match patient's molecular profile with current knowledge on cancer biology. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11965. [PMID: 20706624 PMCID: PMC2919374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of current anticancer treatments is far from satisfactory and many patients still die of their disease. A general agreement exists on the urgency of developing molecularly targeted therapies, although their implementation in the clinical setting is in its infancy. In fact, despite the wealth of preclinical studies addressing these issues, the difficulty of testing each targeted therapy hypothesis in the clinical arena represents an intrinsic obstacle. As a consequence, we are witnessing a paradoxical situation where most hypotheses about the molecular and cellular biology of cancer remain clinically untested and therefore do not translate into a therapeutic benefit for patients. Objective To present a computational method aimed to comprehensively exploit the scientific knowledge in order to foster the development of personalized cancer treatment by matching the patient's molecular profile with the available evidence on targeted therapy. Methods To this aim we focused on melanoma, an increasingly diagnosed malignancy for which the need for novel therapeutic approaches is paradigmatic since no effective treatment is available in the advanced setting. Relevant data were manually extracted from peer-reviewed full-text original articles describing any type of anti-melanoma targeted therapy tested in any type of experimental or clinical model. To this purpose, Medline, Embase, Cancerlit and the Cochrane databases were searched. Results and Conclusions We created a manually annotated database (Targeted Therapy Database, TTD) where the relevant data are gathered in a formal representation that can be computationally analyzed. Dedicated algorithms were set up for the identification of the prevalent therapeutic hypotheses based on the available evidence and for ranking treatments based on the molecular profile of individual patients. In this essay we describe the principles and computational algorithms of an original method developed to fully exploit the available knowledge on cancer biology with the ultimate goal of fruitfully driving both preclinical and clinical research on anticancer targeted therapy. In the light of its theoretical nature, the prediction performance of this model must be validated before it can be implemented in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mocellin
- Clinica Chirurgica Generale 2, Department of Oncological and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Mocellin S, Pasquali S, Rossi CR, Nitti D. Interferon alpha adjuvant therapy in patients with high-risk melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 102:493-501. [PMID: 20179267 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on previous meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the use of interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) in the adjuvant setting improves disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with high-risk cutaneous melanoma. However, RCTs have yielded conflicting data on the effect of IFN-alpha on overall survival (OS). METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of IFN-alpha on DFS and OS in patients with high-risk cutaneous melanoma. The systematic review was performed by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cancerlit, Cochrane, ISI Web of Science, and ASCO databases. The meta-analysis was performed using time-to-event data from which hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of DFS and OS were estimated. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses to investigate the effect of dose and treatment duration were also performed. Statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 14 RCTs, published between 1990 and 2008, and involved 8122 patients, of which 4362 patients were allocated to the IFN-alpha arm. IFN-alpha alone was compared with observation in 12 of the 14 trials, and 17 comparisons (IFN-alpha vs comparator) were generated in total. IFN-alpha treatment was associated with a statistically significant improvement in DFS in 10 of the 17 comparisons (HR for disease recurrence = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.87; P < .001) and improved OS in four of the 14 comparisons (HR for death = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.83 to 0.96; P = .002). No between-study heterogeneity in either DFS or OS was observed. No optimal IFN-alpha dose and/or treatment duration or a subset of patients more responsive to adjuvant therapy was identified using subgroup analysis and meta-regression. CONCLUSION In patients with high-risk cutaneous melanoma, IFN-alpha adjuvant treatment showed statistically significant improvement in both DFS and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mocellin
- Clinica Chirurgica Generale 2, Department of Oncological and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
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