1
|
Gazsó-Gerhát G, Gombos R, Tóth K, Kaltenecker P, Szikora S, Bíró J, Csapó E, Asztalos Z, Mihály J. FRL and DAAM are required for lateral adhesion of interommatidial cells and patterning of the retinal floor. Development 2023; 150:dev201713. [PMID: 37997920 PMCID: PMC10690107 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Optical insulation of the unit eyes (ommatidia) is an important prerequisite of precise sight with compound eyes. Separation of the ommatidia is ensured by pigment cells that organize into a hexagonal lattice in the Drosophila eye, forming thin walls between the facets. Cell adhesion, mediated by apically and latero-basally located junctional complexes, is crucial for stable attachment of these cells to each other and the basal lamina. Whereas former studies have focused on the formation and remodelling of the cellular connections at the apical region, here, we report a specific alteration of the lateral adhesion of the lattice cells, leaving the apical junctions largely unaffected. We found that DAAM and FRL, two formin-type cytoskeleton regulatory proteins, play redundant roles in lateral adhesion of the interommatidial cells and patterning of the retinal floor. We show that formin-dependent cortical actin assembly is crucial for latero-basal sealing of the ommatidial lattice. We expect that the investigation of these previously unreported eye phenotypes will pave the way toward a better understanding of the three-dimensional aspects of compound eye development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Gazsó-Gerhát
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Rita Gombos
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Tóth
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Péter Kaltenecker
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Szikora
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Judit Bíró
- Aktogen Hungary Ltd., Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Enikő Csapó
- Aktogen Hungary Ltd., Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Asztalos
- Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - József Mihály
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Almeida BO, de Almeida LC, Costa-Lotufo LV, Machado-Neto JA. ANKHD1 contributes to the malignant phenotype of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1433-1446. [PMID: 35842770 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein 1, ANKHD1, has been identified as a regulator of signaling pathways and cellular processes of relevance in carcinogenesis. However, the role of ANKHD1 in breast cancer remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to characterize the expression pattern and involvement of ANKHD1 in the malignant phenotype of breast cancer cell lines and to investigate the clinical relevance of ANKHD1 in a breast cancer context. Gene and protein expressions were assessed in the cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively, and ANKHD1 silencing through siRNA transfection was conducted for further in vitro functional assays. The expression of ANKHD1 was identified in non-tumorigenic breast epithelium and breast cancer cell lines, but differences in cellular localization were found among the neoplasia subtypes. ANKHD1 silencing reduced the viability, clonogenicity, and migration of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Bioinformatics analyses demonstrated that patients with triple-negative basal-like 2 and mesenchymal breast cancer subtypes had high ANKHD1 expression associated with poor recurrence-free survival. Therefore, these data indicate that ANKHD1 relevance in breast cancer varies among its subtypes, indicating the importance of ANKHD1 in TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna O de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa C de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia V Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João A Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Martinez D, Zhu M, Guidry JJ, Majeste N, Mao H, Yanofsky ST, Tian X, Wu C. Mask, the Drosophila ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein, affects microtubule stability. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272264. [PMID: 34553767 PMCID: PMC8572007 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of microtubule (MT) stability and dynamics is vital for essential cellular processes, including axonal transportation and synaptic growth and remodeling in neurons. In the present study, we demonstrate that the Drosophila ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein Mask negatively affects MT stability in both larval muscles and motor neurons. In larval muscles, loss-of-function of mask increases MT polymer length, and in motor neurons, loss of mask function results in overexpansion of the presynaptic terminal at the larval neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). mask genetically interacts with stathmin (stai), a neuronal modulator of MT stability, in the regulation of axon transportation and synaptic terminal stability. Our structure–function analysis of Mask revealed that its ankyrin repeats domain-containing N-terminal portion is sufficient to mediate Mask's impact on MT stability. Furthermore, we discovered that Mask negatively regulates the abundance of the MT-associated protein Jupiter in motor neuron axons, and that neuronal knocking down of Jupiter partially suppresses mask loss-of-function phenotypes at the larval NMJs. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that Mask is a novel regulator for MT stability, and such a role of Mask requires normal function of Jupiter. Summary: Mask is a novel regulator of MT stability in Drosophila. Mask shows prominent interplay with two important modulators of MT, Tau and Stathmin (Stai), whose mutations are related to human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martinez
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mingwei Zhu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jessie J Guidry
- Proteomics Core Facility, and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Niles Majeste
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Sarah T Yanofsky
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chunlai Wu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Johnson RI. Hexagonal patterning of the Drosophila eye. Dev Biol 2021; 478:173-182. [PMID: 34245727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A complex network of transcription factor interactions propagates across the larval eye disc to establish columns of evenly-spaced R8 precursor cells, the founding cells of Drosophila ommatidia. After the recruitment of additional photoreceptors to each ommatidium, the surrounding cells are organized into their stereotypical pattern during pupal development. These support cells - comprised of pigment and cone cells - are patterned to encapsulate the photoreceptors and separate ommatidia with an hexagonal honeycomb lattice. Since the proteins and processes essential for correct eye patterning are conserved, elucidating how these function and change during Drosophila eye patterning can substantially advance our understanding of transcription factor and signaling networks, cytoskeletal structures, adhesion complexes, and the biophysical properties of complex tissues during their morphogenesis. Our understanding of many of these aspects of Drosophila eye patterning is largely descriptive. Many important questions, especially relating to the regulation and integration of cellular events, remain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth I Johnson
- Biology Department, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Avenue, Middletown, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
DeAngelis MW, Coolon JD, Johnson RI. Comparative transcriptome analyses of the Drosophila pupal eye. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:5995320. [PMID: 33561221 PMCID: PMC8043229 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Tissue function is dependent on correct cellular organization and behavior. As a result, the identification and study of genes that contribute to tissue morphogenesis is of paramount importance to the fields of cell and developmental biology. Many of the genes required for tissue patterning and organization are highly conserved between phyla. This has led to the emergence of several model organisms and developmental systems that are used to study tissue morphogenesis. One such model is the Drosophila melanogaster pupal eye that has a highly stereotyped arrangement of cells. In addition, the pupal eye is postmitotic that allows for the study of tissue morphogenesis independent from any effects of proliferation. While the changes in cell morphology and organization that occur throughout pupal eye development are well documented, less is known about the corresponding transcriptional changes that choreograph these processes. To identify these transcriptional changes, we dissected wild-type Canton S pupal eyes and performed RNA-sequencing. Our analyses identified differential expression of many loci that are documented regulators of pupal eye morphogenesis and contribute to multiple biological processes including signaling, axon projection, adhesion, and cell survival. We also identified differential expression of genes not previously implicated in pupal eye morphogenesis such as components of the Toll pathway, several non-classical cadherins, and components of the muscle sarcomere, which could suggest these loci function as novel patterning factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miles W DeAngelis
- Department of Biology, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Avenue, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Joseph D Coolon
- Department of Biology, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Avenue, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Ruth I Johnson
- Department of Biology, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Avenue, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| |
Collapse
|