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Xu J, Liu S, Fu H, Shao M, Chen M, Huang Z. Heterogeneity of Wnt1-Cre-marked and Pax2-Cre-marked first branchial arch cranial neural crest cells in mice. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2024; 42:435-443. [PMID: 39049630 PMCID: PMC11338490 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2024.2023374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the heterogeneity and gene ontology of Wnt1-Cre-marked and Pax2-Cre-marked first branchial arch cranial neural crest cells (CNCs) in mice. METHODS The embryos of Wnt1-Cre;R26RmTmG and Pax2-Cre;R26RmTmG at embryonic day (E)8.0-E9.25 were collected for histological observation. We performed immunostaining to compare green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive CNCs in Pax2-Cre;R26RAi9 and Wnt1-Cre;R26RAi9 mice at E15.5. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to analyze the first branchial arch GFP-positive CNCs from Wnt1-Cre;R26RmTmG and Pax2-cre;R26RmTmGmice at E10.5. Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was performed to validate the differential genes. RESULTS Wnt1-Cre-marked and Pax2-Cre-marked CNCs migrated from the neural plateto first and second branchial arches and to the first branchial arch, respectively, at E8.0. Although Wnt1-Cre-marked and Pax2-Cre-marked CNCs were found mostly in cranial-facial tissues, the former had higher expression in palate and tongue. The results of scRNA-seq showed that Pax2-Cre-marked CNCs specifically contributed to osteoblast differentiation and ossification, while Wnt1-Cre-marked CNCs participated in limb development, cell migration, and ossification. The q-PCR data also confirmed the results of gene ontology analysis. CONCLUSIONS Pax2-Cre mice are perfect experimental animal models for research on first branchial arch CNCs and derivatives in osteoblast differentiation and ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Xu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Honggao Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Meiying Shao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Yu Q, Liu L, Du M, Müller D, Gu Y, Gao Z, Xin X, Gu Y, He M, Marquardt T, Wang L. Sacral Neural Crest-Independent Origin of the Enteric Nervous System in Mouse. Gastroenterology 2024; 166:1085-1099. [PMID: 38452824 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The enteric nervous system (ENS), the gut's intrinsic nervous system critical for gastrointestinal function and gut-brain communication, is believed to mainly originate from vagal neural crest cells (vNCCs) and partially from sacral NCCs (sNCCs). Resolving the exact origins of the ENS is critical for understanding congenital ENS diseases but has been confounded by the inability to distinguish between both NCC populations in situ. Here, we aimed to resolve the exact origins of the mammalian ENS. METHODS We genetically engineered mouse embryos facilitating comparative lineage-tracing of either all (pan-) NCCs including vNCCs or caudal trunk and sNCCs (s/tNCCs) excluding vNCCs. This was combined with dual-lineage tracing and 3-dimensional reconstruction of pelvic plexus and hindgut to precisely pinpoint sNCC and vNCC contributions. We further used coculture assays to determine the specificity of cell migration from different neural tissues into the hindgut. RESULTS Both pan-NCCs and s/tNCCs contributed to established NCC derivatives but only pan-NCCs contributed to the ENS. Dual-lineage tracing combined with 3-dimensional reconstruction revealed that s/tNCCs settle in complex patterns in pelvic plexus and hindgut-surrounding tissues, explaining previous confusion regarding their contributions. Coculture experiments revealed unspecific cell migration from autonomic, sensory, and neural tube explants into the hindgut. Lineage tracing of ENS precursors lastly provided complimentary evidence for an exclusive vNCC origin of the murine ENS. CONCLUSIONS sNCCs do not contribute to the murine ENS, suggesting that the mammalian ENS exclusively originates from vNCCs. These results have immediate implications for comprehending (and devising treatments for) congenital ENS disorders, including Hirschsprung's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, System Medicine Research Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Neuroscience, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Du
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daniel Müller
- Interfaculty Chair of Neurobiology, Clinic for Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Medicine (UKA) and Institute for Biology 2, Faculty for Mathematics, Computer and Natural Sciences, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yan Gu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Gao
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Xin
- Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, System Medicine Research Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanlan Gu
- Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, System Medicine Research Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao He
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurobiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Till Marquardt
- Interfaculty Chair of Neurobiology, Clinic for Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Medicine (UKA) and Institute for Biology 2, Faculty for Mathematics, Computer and Natural Sciences, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, System Medicine Research Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Neuroscience, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Marechal E, Poliard A, Henry K, Moreno M, Legrix M, Macagno N, Mondielli G, Fauquier T, Barlier A, Etchevers HC. Multiple congenital malformations arise from somatic mosaicism for constitutively active Pik3ca signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1013001. [PMID: 36353506 PMCID: PMC9637999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent missense mutations of the PIK3CA oncogene are among the most frequent drivers of human cancers. These often lead to constitutive activation of its product p110α, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit. In addition to causing a broad range of cancers, the H1047R mutation is also found in affected tissues of a distinct set of congenital tumors and malformations. Collectively termed PIK3CA-related disorders (PRDs), these lead to overgrowth of brain, adipose, connective and musculoskeletal tissues and/or blood and lymphatic vessel components. Vascular malformations are frequently observed in PRD, due to cell-autonomous activation of PI3K signaling within endothelial cells. These, like most muscle, connective tissue and bone, are derived from the embryonic mesoderm. However, important organ systems affected in PRDs are neuroectodermal derivatives. To further examine their development, we drove the most common post-zygotic activating mutation of Pik3ca in neural crest and related embryonic lineages. Outcomes included macrocephaly, cleft secondary palate and more subtle skull anomalies. Surprisingly, Pik3ca-mutant subpopulations of neural crest origin were also associated with widespread cephalic vascular anomalies. Mesectodermal neural crest is a major source of non-endothelial connective tissue in the head, but not the body. To examine the response of vascular connective tissues of the body to constitutive Pik3ca activity during development, we expressed the mutation by way of an Egr2 (Krox20) Cre driver. Lineage tracing led us to observe new lineages that had normally once expressed Krox20 and that may be co-opted in pathogenesis, including vascular pericytes and perimysial fibroblasts. Finally, Schwann cell precursors having transcribed either Krox20 or Sox10 and induced to express constitutively active PI3K were associated with vascular and other tumors. These murine phenotypes may aid discovery of new candidate human PRDs affecting craniofacial and vascular smooth muscle development as well as the reciprocal paracrine signaling mechanisms leading to tissue overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Marechal
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Poliard
- URP 2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, CNRS, GDR 2031 CREST-NET, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
- School of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Kilian Henry
- School of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Mathias Moreno
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Mathilde Legrix
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Macagno
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Grégoire Mondielli
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Teddy Fauquier
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Barlier
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- AP-HM, MMG, MarMaRa Institute, La Conception Hospital Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France
| | - Heather C. Etchevers
- INSERM, MMG, U1251, CNRS, GDR 2031 CREST-NET, MarMaRa Institute, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Heather C. Etchevers,
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Sun MR, Steward AC, Sweet EA, Martin AA, Lipinski RJ. Developmental malformations resulting from high-dose maternal tamoxifen exposure in the mouse. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256299. [PMID: 34403436 PMCID: PMC8370643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen is an estrogen receptor (ER) ligand with widespread use in clinical and basic research settings. Beyond its application in treating ER-positive cancer, tamoxifen has been co-opted into a powerful approach for temporal-specific genetic alteration. The use of tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase mouse models to examine genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of development and disease is now prevalent in biomedical research. Understanding off-target effects of tamoxifen will inform its use in both clinical and basic research applications. Here, we show that prenatal tamoxifen exposure can cause structural birth defects in the mouse. Administration of a single 200 mg/kg tamoxifen dose to pregnant wildtype C57BL/6J mice at gestational day 9.75 caused cleft palate and limb malformations in the fetuses, including posterior digit duplication, reduction, or fusion. These malformations were highly penetrant and consistent across independent chemical manufacturers. As opposed to 200 mg/kg, a single dose of 50 mg/kg tamoxifen at the same developmental stage did not result in overt structural malformations. Demonstrating that prenatal tamoxifen exposure at a specific time point causes dose-dependent developmental abnormalities, these findings argue for more considerate application of tamoxifen in Cre-inducible systems and further investigation of tamoxifen’s mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda R. Sun
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Austin C. Steward
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Emma A. Sweet
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Alexander A. Martin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Lipinski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Deal KK, Chandrashekar AS, Beaman MM, Branch MC, Buehler DP, Conway SJ, Southard-Smith EM. Altered sacral neural crest development in Pax3 spina bifida mutants underlies deficits of bladder innervation and function. Dev Biol 2021; 476:173-188. [PMID: 33839113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models of Spina bifida (SB) have been instrumental for identifying genes, developmental processes, and environmental factors that influence neurulation and neural tube closure. Beyond the prominent neural tube defects, other aspects of the nervous system can be affected in SB with significant changes in essential bodily functions such as urination. SB patients frequently experience bladder dysfunction and SB fetuses exhibit reduced density of bladder nerves and smooth muscle although the developmental origins of these deficits have not been determined. The Pax3 Splotch-delayed (Pax3Sp-d) mouse model of SB is one of a very few mouse SB models that survives to late stages of gestation. Through analysis of Pax3Sp-d mutants we sought to define how altered bladder innervation in SB might arise by tracing sacral neural crest (NC) development, pelvic ganglia neuronal differentiation, and assessing bladder nerve fiber density. In Pax3Sp-d/Sp-d fetal mice we observed delayed migration of Sox10+ NC-derived progenitors (NCPs), deficient pelvic ganglia neurogenesis, and reduced density of bladder wall innervation. We further combined NC-specific deletion of Pax3 with the constitutive Pax3Sp-d allele in an effort to generate viable Pax3 mutants to examine later stages of bladder innervation and postnatal bladder function. Neural crest specific deletion of a Pax3 flox allele, using a Sox10-cre driver, in combination with a constitutive Pax3Sp-d mutation produced postnatal viable offspring that exhibited altered bladder function as well as reduced bladder wall innervation and altered connectivity between accessory ganglia at the bladder neck. Combined, the results show that Pax3 plays critical roles within sacral NC that are essential for initiation of neurogenesis and differentiation of autonomic neurons within pelvic ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen K Deal
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Meagan C Branch
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dennis P Buehler
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - E Michelle Southard-Smith
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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