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Hong W, Zhang M, Wang F, Li Z, Li Z, Wei J, Song M, Qian Y, Pang S, Wang L, Zhao H, Cao M, Shi J, Liang Y. Special Distribution of Nanoplastics in the Central Nervous System of Zebrafish during Early Development. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38918939 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
There is growing concern about the distribution of nanoplastics (NPs) in the central nervous system (CNS), whereas intrusion is poorly understood. In this study, fluorescent-labeled polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) were microinjected into different areas of zebrafish embryo to mimic different routes of exposure. PS-NPs were observed in the brain, eyes, and spinal cord through gametal exposure. It indicated that maternally derived PS-NPs were specially distributed in the CNS of zebrafish during early development. Importantly, these NPs were stranded in the CNS but not transferred to other organs during development. Furthermore, using neuron GFP-labeled transgenic zebrafish, colocalization between NPs and the neuron cells revealed that NPs were mostly enriched in the CNS surrounded but not the neurons. Even so, the intrusion of NPs into the CNS induced the significant upregulation of some neurotransmitter receptors, leading to an inhibited effect on the movement of zebrafish larvae. This work provides insights into understanding the intrusion and distribution of NPs in the CNS and the subsequent potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Hong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Fengbang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhunjie Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jinbo Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Maoyong Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| | - Shaochen Pang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Haobin Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Mengxi Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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2
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Palace V, Graves S, Brandt J. Guidance on assessing the potential impacts of selenium in freshwater ecosystems. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024. [PMID: 38888255 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of fate and effects studies, environmental selenium (Se) contamination and management remain an issue for many freshwater systems in North America. Several regulatory bodies have promulgated updated targets or management levels for Se; however, additional guidance on best practices for monitoring Se to protect freshwater aquatic life is warranted. In this article, we describe current approaches to assessing the ecological risks of Se in impaired freshwater systems and outline recommended methods for collecting and analyzing biological and abiotic samples and interpreting data. Because reproductive impairment of fish populations is most commonly used to determine the potential impacts of Se, several biological factors that could affect Se toxicity are explored, including diet, trophic positions, reproductive biology, body size and maturity, migratory movements, and use of seasonal habitats. Measuring Se concentrations in mature eggs is the most reliable metric for estimating potential reproductive impairment in fish populations because the range of toxicity thresholds is relatively narrow for all but a few tolerant fish species. In situations where collecting mature eggs is not feasible, we review the use of alternative fish tissue for estimating potential effects. Factors affecting Se uptake from freshwater are also considered with guidance on collecting abiotic (e.g., water and sediment) and biotic components of aquatic food webs (e.g., macroinvertebrates, biofilm). Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-16. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince Palace
- International Institute for Sustainable Development-Experimental Lakes Area, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Jessica Brandt
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment & Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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3
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de Mello F, Alonso DJ, de Faria NPVM, Marques VH, de Oliveira EF, de Mello PH, de Godoy LC, Moreira RG. Alterations in Gene Expression and the Fatty Acid Profile Impact but Do Not Compromise the In Vitro Maturation of Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Stage III Ovarian Follicles after Cryopreservation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3563. [PMID: 38003179 PMCID: PMC10668701 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitrification of ovarian follicles is a strategic tool that may contribute to advances in aquaculture and the conservation of many important species. Despite the difficulties inherent to the cryopreservation of oocytes, some successful protocols have been developed for different species, but little is known about the capacity of oocytes to develop after thawing. Therefore, the profiles of the reproductive pathway genes and fatty acid membrane composition during the initial stages of development were analyzed in fresh ovarian follicles and follicles after the vitrification process. There were differences in the expression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis genes during the follicular development in the control group as well as in the vitrified group. Similarly, alterations in the composition of fatty acids were observed after vitrification. Despite this, many alterations were observed in the vitrified group; more than half of the stage III ovarian follicles were able to grow and mature in vitro. Therefore, the vitrification of ovarian follicles may impact them at molecular and membrane levels, but it does not compromise their capability for in vitro maturation, which indicates that the technique can be a strategic tool for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Mello
- Department of Physiology, Bioscience Institute, University of Sao Paulo (IB/USP), 101 Matão Street, Travessa 14, Butantã District, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil; (D.J.A.); (N.P.V.M.d.F.); (V.H.M.); (R.G.M.)
| | - Daniel Jaen Alonso
- Department of Physiology, Bioscience Institute, University of Sao Paulo (IB/USP), 101 Matão Street, Travessa 14, Butantã District, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil; (D.J.A.); (N.P.V.M.d.F.); (V.H.M.); (R.G.M.)
| | - Natália Pires Vieira Morais de Faria
- Department of Physiology, Bioscience Institute, University of Sao Paulo (IB/USP), 101 Matão Street, Travessa 14, Butantã District, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil; (D.J.A.); (N.P.V.M.d.F.); (V.H.M.); (R.G.M.)
| | - Victor Hugo Marques
- Department of Physiology, Bioscience Institute, University of Sao Paulo (IB/USP), 101 Matão Street, Travessa 14, Butantã District, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil; (D.J.A.); (N.P.V.M.d.F.); (V.H.M.); (R.G.M.)
| | - Ethiene Fernandes de Oliveira
- Aquaculture Center, São Paulo State University “Julio de Mesquita Filho” (CAUNESP), Access Road Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, Vila Industrial District, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Henrique de Mello
- Beacon Development, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 2713, Jeddah 23955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Leandro César de Godoy
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 7712 Bento Gonçalves Avenue, Agronomia District, Porto Alegre 91540-000, RS, Brazil;
| | - Renata Guimaraes Moreira
- Department of Physiology, Bioscience Institute, University of Sao Paulo (IB/USP), 101 Matão Street, Travessa 14, Butantã District, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil; (D.J.A.); (N.P.V.M.d.F.); (V.H.M.); (R.G.M.)
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4
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Ponnimbaduge Perera P, Perez Guerra D, Riddle MR. The Mexican Tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, as a Model System in Cell and Developmental Biology. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2023; 39:23-44. [PMID: 37437210 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-012023-014003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of cell and developmental biology has been greatly aided by a focus on a small number of model organisms. However, we are now in an era where techniques to investigate gene function can be applied across phyla, allowing scientists to explore the diversity and flexibility of developmental mechanisms and gain a deeper understanding of life. Researchers comparing the eyeless cave-adapted Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, with its river-dwelling counterpart are revealing how the development of the eyes, pigment, brain, cranium, blood, and digestive system evolves as animals adapt to new environments. Breakthroughs in our understanding of the genetic and developmental basis of regressive and constructive trait evolution have come from A. mexicanus research. They include understanding the types of mutations that alter traits, which cellular and developmental processes they affect, and how they lead to pleiotropy. We review recent progress in the field and highlight areas for future investigations that include evolution of sex differentiation, neural crest development, and metabolic regulation of embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Misty R Riddle
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA;
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5
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Li K, Liu B, Wang Z, Li Y, Li H, Wu S, Li Z. Quantitative characterization of zebrafish development based on multiple classifications using Mueller matrix OCT. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:2889-2904. [PMID: 37342688 PMCID: PMC10278635 DOI: 10.1364/boe.488614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Organ development analysis plays an important role in assessing an individual' s growth health. In this study, we present a non-invasive method for the quantitative characterization of zebrafish multiple organs during their growth, utilizing Mueller matrix optical coherence tomography (Mueller matrix OCT) in combination with deep learning. Firstly, Mueller matrix OCT was employed to acquire 3D images of zebrafish during development. Subsequently, a deep learning based U-Net network was applied to segment various anatomical structures, including the body, eyes, spine, yolk sac, and swim bladder of the zebrafish. Following segmentation, the volume of each organ was calculated. Finally, the development and proportional trends of zebrafish embryos and organs from day 1 to day 19 were quantitatively analyzed. The obtained quantitative results revealed that the volume development of the fish body and individual organs exhibited a steady growth trend. Additionally, smaller organs, such as the spine and swim bladder, were successfully quantified during the growth process. Our findings demonstrate that the combination of Mueller matrix OCT and deep learning effectively quantify the development of various organs throughout zebrafish embryonic development. This approach offers a more intuitive and efficient monitoring method for clinical medicine and developmental biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Zaifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Yao Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Shulian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Bionovel Lab, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510407, China
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6
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Viana F, Boucontet L, Laghi V, Schator D, Ibranosyan M, Jarraud S, Colucci-Guyon E, Buchrieser C. Hiding in the yolk: A unique feature of Legionella pneumophila infection of zebrafish. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011375. [PMID: 37155695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish has become a powerful model organism to study host-pathogen interactions. Here, we developed a zebrafish model to dissect the innate immune response to Legionella pneumophila during infection. We show that L. pneumophila cause zebrafish larvae death in a dose dependent manner. Additionally, we show that macrophages are the first line of defence and cooperate with neutrophils to clear the infection. Immunocompromised humans have an increased propensity to develop pneumonia, when either macrophages or neutrophils are depleted, these "immunocompromised" larvae become lethally sensitive to L. pneumophila. Also, as observed in human infections, the adaptor signalling molecule Myd88 is not required to control disease in the larvae. Furthermore, proinflammatory cytokine genes il1β and tnf-α were upregulated during infection, recapitulating key immune responses seen in human infection. Strikingly, we uncovered a previously undescribed infection phenotype in zebrafish larvae, whereby bloodborne, wild type L. pneumophila invade and grow in the larval yolk region, a phenotype not observed with a type IV secretion system deficient mutant that cannot translocate effectors into its host cell. Thus, zebrafish larva represents an innovative L. pneumophila infection model that mimics important aspects of the human immune response to L. pneumophila infection and will allow the elucidation of mechanisms by which type IV secretion effectors allow L. pneumophila to cross host cell membranes and obtain nutrients from nutrient rich environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Viana
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires and CNRS UMR 6047, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Boucontet
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité and CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, France
| | - Valerio Laghi
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité and CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Schator
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires and CNRS UMR 6047, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Marine Ibranosyan
- National Reference Centre of Legionella, Institute of Infectious Agents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Jarraud
- National Reference Centre of Legionella, Institute of Infectious Agents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5308, Inserm U1111, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Emma Colucci-Guyon
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité and CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Buchrieser
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires and CNRS UMR 6047, Paris, France
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7
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Okeke ES, Feng W, Mao G, Chen Y, Qian X, Luo M, Xu H, Qiu X, Wu X, Yang L. A transcriptomic-based analysis predicts the neuroendocrine disrupting effect on adult male and female zebrafish (Danio rerio) following long-term exposure to tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109527. [PMID: 36442598 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are now ubiquitously distributed in the environment. Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether (TBBPA-DHEE) pollution in environment media poses a significant threat to humans and aquatic organisms as a result of its potential neurotoxicity and endocrine-disrupting effect. The endocrine-disrupting effects of TBBPA-DHEE on aquatic organisms, however, have received limited attention. In this study, the neurotoxicity and reproductive endocrine-disruptive effect of TBBPA-DHEE was evaluated by observing the neurobehavioral changes, vitellogenin (VTG), testosterone, 17β-estradiol and gene expression levels in adult male and female zebrafish exposed to TBBPA-DHEE (0.05, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/L) for 100 days. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis was conducted to unravel other potential neuroendocrine-disrupting mechanism. Our result showed TBBPA-DHEE significantly (p < 0.05) altered the locomotor behavior and motor coordination abilities in both sexes. Steroid hormone and VTG levels were also altered indicating the neuroendocrine-disrupting effect of TBBPA-DHEE on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-axis. A total of 1568 genes were upregulated and 542 genes downregulated in males, whereas, 1265 upregulated and 535 downregulated genes were observed in females. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that cell cycle and p55 signaling pathways were significantly enriched due to TBBPA-DHEE exposure. These pathways and its component genes are potential target of EDCs. The significant upregulation of genes in these pathways could partly explain the neuroendocrine disrupting effect of TBBPA-DHEE. The observed toxic effects of TBBPA-DHEE observed in this study is confirmation of the endocrine-disrupting toxicity of this chemical which would be valuable in biosafety evaluation and biomonitoring of TBBPA-DHEE for public health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences & Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria. https://twitter.com/Okeke
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian Qian
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengna Luo
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuchun Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, China
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8
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Mookkan M, Muniyandi K, Palaniyandi S. Carotenoid composition in wild-caught spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) broodstocks: effects on gonad development. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:991-1009. [PMID: 35790621 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The carotenoid reserves of broodstocks have a considerable impact on reproductive performance, maturity, fecundity, spawning, and yolk-sac larvae quality. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the most effective strategy for enriching broodstock in artificial breeding programs by examining changes in the carotenoid profile of wild-caught spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) broodstocks during the reproductive season. The predominant carotenoids such as fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, lutein, and β-carotenoids were examined in muscle, liver, and gonad (testis and ovary) samples from both the genders. The results revealed that total carotenoid levels differed significantly (p < 0.05) among tissues during sexual maturation. The muscle fucoxanthin levels increased gradually (0.014 ± 0 .01 < 0.017 ± 0.00 < 0.019 ± 0.01 mg/100 g) during testicular maturation and were comparatively higher than that of the liver and testis. The astaxanthin content of the ovary was relatively low and increased with ovarian maturation (2.013 ± 0.18 < 6.106 ± 0.28 < 8.871 ± 0.73 mg/100 g). The scat's mature ovary (9.446 ± 0.53 mg/100 g) had a higher concentration of lutein in comparison with testis (0.821 ± 0.07 mg/100 g). In the testis, the highest concentration of β-carotene could be observed during the mature stage (1.765 ± 0.08 mg/100 g). In female scat, the β-carotene content of muscle showed an inverse relationship with maturation indicated by a gradual decrease from immature stage. Finally, it is proposed that carotenoids are preferentially mobilized and conserved in the gonads, which are indispensable to improve gonadal development and the productive potential of S. argus, a leading candidate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Mookkan
- PG & Research Department of Zoology, Ethiraj College for Women (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, 600 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kailasam Muniyandi
- Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Fish Culture Division, Santhome High Road, R.A.Puram, Chennai, 600 028, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Stalin Palaniyandi
- Department of Zoology, Erode Arts and Science College, Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Rangampalayam, Erode, 638 009, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Sharma L, Pipil S, Rawat VS, Sehgal N. Role of cathepsins B and D in proteolysis of yolk in the catfish Clarias gariepinus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:749-765. [PMID: 35482165 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Yolk processing pathways vary in the oocytes of benthophil and pelagophil teleosts. The present study investigated the yolk processing pattern in the oocytes of the fresh water catfish Clarias gariepinus at vitellogenic, maturation, and ovulated stages. This study concludes that during maturation stage, an electrophoretic shift in the major peptide band on Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) occurs due to a decrease in the size of the yolk protein. The PMF spectrum of corresponding peptides from vitellogenic and ovulated oocytes revealed a difference in the minor ions. A minor difference in the molecular weight of the corresponding peptides occurs due to a difference in their amino acid composition. Maximal activity of the proteases cathepsin D and cathepsin B was observed in the vitellogenic oocytes, thus confirming their role in the processing of yolk. A significant transient increase in the activity of cathepsin B in the mature oocytes also suggests its role in oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luni Sharma
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Supriya Pipil
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | | | - Neeta Sehgal
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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10
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Žák J, Roy K, Dyková I, Mráz J, Reichard M. Starter feed for carnivorous species as a practical replacement of bloodworms for a vertebrate model organism in ageing, the turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2022; 100:894-908. [PMID: 35195903 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The absence of a controlled diet is unfortunate in a promising model organism for ageing, the turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri Jubb, 1971). Currently captive N. furzeri are fed bloodworms but it is not known whether this is an optimal diet. Replacing bloodworms with a practical dry feed would reduce diet variability. In the present study, we estimated the nutritional value of the diet ingested by wild fish and determined the fish-body amino acid profile as a proxy for their nutritional requirements. We compared the performance of fish fed four commercial feeds containing 46%-64% protein to that achieved with bloodworms and that of wild fish. Wild fish target a high-protein (60%) diet and this is supported by their superior performance on high-protein diets in captivity. In contrast, feeds for omnivores led to slower growth, lower fecundity and unnatural liver size. In comparison to wild fish, a bloodworm diet led to lower body condition, overfeeding and male liver enlargement. Out of the four dry feeds tested, the fish fed Aller matched wild fish in body condition and liver size, and was comparable to bloodworms in terms of growth and fecundity. A starter feed for carnivorous species appears to be a practical replacement for bloodworms for N. furzeri. The use of dry feeds improved performance in comparison to bloodworms and thus may contribute to reducing response variability and improving research reproducibility in N. furzeri research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Žák
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Science, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Koushik Roy
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Dyková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mráz
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Science, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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