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Volfart A, Rossion B, Brissart H, Busigny T, Colnat-Coulbois S, Maillard L, Jonas J. Stability of face recognition abilities after left or right anterior temporal lobectomy. J Neuropsychol 2024; 18 Suppl 1:115-133. [PMID: 37391874 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Patients with anterior temporal lobe (ATL) resection due to mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) have difficulties at identifying familiar faces and explicitly remembering newly learned faces but their ability to individuate unfamiliar faces remains largely unknown. Moreover, the extent to which their difficulties with familiar face identity recognition and learning is truly due to the ATL resection remains unknown. Here, we report a study of 24 MTLE patients and matched healthy controls tested with an extensive set of seven face and visual object recognition tasks (including three tasks evaluating unfamiliar face individuation) before and about 6 months after unilateral (nine left, 15 right) ATL resection. We found that ATL resection has little or no effect on the patients' preserved pre-surgical ability to perform unfamiliar face individuation, both at the group and individual levels. More surprisingly, ATL resection also has little effect on the patients' performance at recognizing and naming famous faces as well as at learning new faces. A substantial proportion of right MTLE patients (33%) even improved their response times on several tasks, which may indicate a functional release of visuo-spatial processing after resection in the right ATL. Altogether this study shows that face recognition abilities are mainly unaffected by ATL resection in MTLE, either because the critical regions for face recognition are spared or because performance at some tasks is already lower than normal preoperatively. Overall, these findings urge caution when interpreting the causal effect of brain lesions on face recognition ability in patients with ATL resection due to MTLE. They also illustrate the complexity of predicting cognitive outcomes after epilepsy surgery because of the influence of many different intertwined factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Volfart
- CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Institute of Research in Psychological Science, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bruno Rossion
- CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Institute of Research in Psychological Science, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- CHRU-Nancy, Service de Neurologie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Hélène Brissart
- CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- CHRU-Nancy, Service de Neurologie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Thomas Busigny
- CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sophie Colnat-Coulbois
- CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- CHRU-Nancy, Service de Neurochirurgie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Louis Maillard
- CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- CHRU-Nancy, Service de Neurologie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Jacques Jonas
- CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- CHRU-Nancy, Service de Neurologie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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Eicher M, Jokeit H. Toward social neuropsychology of epilepsy: a meta-analysis on social cognition in epilepsy phenotypes and a critical narrative review on assessment methods. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s42494-022-00093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of this review is to (a) characterize social cognition impairments in the domains of emotion recognition (ER) and theory of mind (ToM) in patients with epilepsy and (b) to review assessment tools with a focus on their validity and usability in clinical practice.
Methods
An electronic search for clinical studies investigating social cognition in epilepsy populations vs healthy control subjects (HC) yielded 53 studies for the meta-analysis and descriptive review.
Results
Results suggest that (1) social cognition is significantly impaired in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) and patients with epilepsy not originating within the temporal or frontal lobes including idiopathic generalized epilepsies (eTLE/eFLE); (2) there is no significant difference between eTLE/eFLE and TLE regarding ER, while TLE and FLE patients perform worse than those with eTLE/eFLE, without significant differences between FLE and TLE regarding ToM ability. A descriptive analysis of the most commonly used assessment tools and stimulus material in this field revealed a lack of ecological validity, usability, and economic viability for everyday clinical practice.
Conclusions
Our meta-analysis shows that patients with epilepsy are at a significantly increased risk of deficits in social cognition. However, the underlying multifactorial mechanisms remain unclear. Future research should therefore specifically address the impairment of processing and methodological problems of testing.
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3
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Reisch LM, Wegrzyn M, Mielke M, Mehlmann A, Woermann FG, Bien CG, Kissler J. Face processing and efficient recognition of facial expressions are impaired following right but not left anteromedial temporal lobe resections: Behavioral and fMRI evidence. Neuropsychologia 2022; 174:108335. [PMID: 35863496 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Anteromedial temporal lobe structures seem to support processing of faces and facial expressions. However, differential effects of unilateral left or right temporal lobe resections (TLR) on face processing, recognition of facial expressions, and on BOLD response to faces in intact brain areas are not yet fully understood. Therefore, we compared 39 patients with unilateral TLR (18 left, 21 right) and 20 healthy controls regarding recognition of facial identity and emotional facial expressions as well as BOLD response to fearful and neutral faces. We found impaired recognition of facial identity following right TLR, which was paralleled by reduced BOLD response to faces irrespective of expression in the right fusiform and lingual gyrus in postsurgical fMRI. Right TLR patients also exhibited subtle impairments of emotion recognition as they needed higher intensity of facial expressions for correct responses in a morphing task. Accuracy of emotion recognition and subjective appraisals of facial expressions did not differ between groups. There was no specific reduction of BOLD response to fearful versus neutral faces in either patient group. Our results underline the specific role of the right anteromedial temporal lobe in processing of faces and facial expressions by showing changes in face processing following right TLR in behavioral as well as imaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Marie Reisch
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara), Bielefeld University, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Martin Wegrzyn
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Malena Mielke
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Friedrich G Woermann
- Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara), Bielefeld University, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian G Bien
- Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara), Bielefeld University, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Johanna Kissler
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Sherer M, Clark AN, Sander AM, Struchen MA, Bogaards J, Leon-Novelo L, Ngan E. Relationships of self-awareness and facial affect recognition to social communication ability in persons with traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2022; 32:2013-2028. [PMID: 35666684 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2022.2084118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause changes to the injured person's physical ability, cognitive functioning, and social interactions. Since these attributes largely determine a person's concept of who they are, TBI poses a threat to sense of self. Due to the importance of social communication skills for community integration, impairment of these skills is a particular threat to sense of self. The present investigation sought to explore characteristics that influence social communication abilities. We hypothesized that both ability to interpret facial affect and self-awareness would be associated with communication ability. We also expected that facial affect recognition would influence self-awareness and that the effect of facial affect recognition on social communication would be partially mediated by self-awareness. For this prospective cohort study, participants were 77 individuals with documented TBI. Of these, 65% were male and 83% sustained severe injuries. The hypothesized association of facial affect recognition with social communication was demonstrated with path analysis as was the effect of facial affect recognition on self-awareness. However, the effect of facial affect recognition on social communication was not mediated by self-awareness. In addition, social communication was associated with employment, social integration, and loneliness. Findings highlighted the importance of social communication after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sherer
- Brain Injury Research Center TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, USA.,H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Allison N Clark
- Brain Injury Research Center TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, USA.,H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harris Health System, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angelle M Sander
- Brain Injury Research Center TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, USA.,H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harris Health System, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Margaret A Struchen
- Center for Rehabilitation Psychology and Neuropsychology, PC, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
| | - Jay Bogaards
- Brain Injury Research Center TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luis Leon-Novelo
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Esther Ngan
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Qi L, Zhao J, Zhao P, Zhang H, Zhong J, Pan P, Wang G, Yi Z, Xie L. Theory of mind and facial emotion recognition in adults with temporal lobe epilepsy: A meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:976439. [PMID: 36276336 PMCID: PMC9582667 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.976439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting studies have investigated impairments in social cognitive domains (including theory of mind [ToM] and facial emotion recognition [FER] in adult patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, to date, inconsistent findings remain. METHODS A search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases was conducted until December 2021. Hedges g effect sizes were computed with a random-effects model. Meta-regressions were used to assess the potential confounding factors of between-study variability in effect sizes. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 41 studies, with a combined sample of 1,749 adult patients with TLE and 1,324 healthy controls (HCs). Relative to HCs, adult patients with TLE showed large impairments in ToM (g = -0.92) and cognitive ToM (g = -0.92), followed by medium impairments in affective ToM (g = -0.79) and FER (g = -0.77). Besides, no (statistically) significant differences were observed between the magnitude of social cognition impairment in adult with TLE who underwent and those who did not undergo epilepsy surgery. Meta-regressions exhibited that greater severity of executive functioning was associated with more severe ToM defects, and older age was associated with more severe FER defects. CONCLUSIONS Results of this meta-analysis suggest that adult patients with TLE show differential impairments in the core aspects of social cognitive domains (including ToM and FER), which may help in planning individualized treatment with appropriate cognitive and behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - PanWen Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - JianGuo Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - PingLei Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China.,Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - GenDi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - ZhongQuan Yi
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - LiLi Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
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The Impact of Right Temporal Lobe Epilepsy On Nonverbal Memory: Meta-regression of Stimulus- and Task-related Moderators. Neuropsychol Rev 2021; 32:537-557. [PMID: 34559363 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-021-09514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nonverbal memory tests have great potential value for detecting the impact of lateralized pathology and predicting the risk of memory loss following right temporal lobe resection (TLR) for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, but this potential has not been realized. Previous reviews suggest that stimulus type moderates the capacity of nonverbal memory tests to detect right-lateralized pathology (i.e., faces > designs), but the roles of other task-related factors have not been systematically explored. We address these limitations using mixed model meta-regression (k = 158) of right-lateralization effects (right worse than left TLE) testing the moderating effects of: 1) stimulus type (designs, faces, spatial), 2) learning format (single trial, repeated trials), 3) testing delay (immediate or long delay), and 4) testing format (recall, recognition) for three patient scenarios: 1) presurgical, 2) postsurgical, and 3) postsurgical change. Stimulus type significantly moderated the size of the right-lateralization effect (faces > designs) for postsurgical patients, test format moderated the size of the right-lateralization effect for presurgical-postsurgical change (recognition > recall) but learning format and test delay had no right-lateralization effect for either sample. For presurgical patients, none of the task-related factors significantly increased right-lateralization effects. This comprehensive review reveals the value of recognition testing in gauging the risk of nonverbal memory decline.
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7
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Emotional Processing in Healthy Ageing, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052770. [PMID: 33803344 PMCID: PMC7967487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Emotional processing, particularly facial expression recognition, is essential for social cognition, and dysfunction may be associated with poor cognitive health. In pathological ageing conditions, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), in which cognitive impairments are present, disturbed emotional processing and difficulty with social interactions have been documented. However, it is unclear how pathological ageing affects emotional processing and human social behaviour. The aim of this study is to provide insight into how emotional processing is affected in MCI and AD and whether this capacity can constitute a differentiating factor allowing the preclinical diagnosis of both diseases. For this purpose, an ecological emotional battery adapted from five subsets of the Florida Affect Battery was used. Given that emotion may not be separated from cognition, the affect battery was divided into subtests according to cognitive demand, resulting in three blocks. Our results showed that individuals with MCI or AD had poorer performance on the emotional processing tasks, although with different patterns, than that of controls. Cognitive demand may be responsible for the execution patterns of different emotional processing tests. Tasks with moderate cognitive demand are the most sensitive for discriminating between two cognitive impairment entities. In summary, emotional processing tasks may aid in characterising the neurocognitive deficits in MCI or AD. Additionally, identifying these deficits may be useful for developing interventions that specifically target these emotional processing problems.
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8
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Carvajal F, Calahorra-Romillo A, Rubio S, Martín P. Verbal emotional memory laterality effect on amygdalohippocampectomy for refractory epilepsy. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01872. [PMID: 33016003 PMCID: PMC7749565 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the brain lateralization of the verbal emotional memory and the influence of the emotional valence, we investigated a sample composed of patients with medial temporal lobe refractory epilepsy (MTLE) treated with unilateral amygdalohippocampectomy compared to a control group. MATERIALS & METHODS A new task (Verbal Association) was designed and implemented to assess emotional memory performance. It was applied to 62 patients with MTLE of whom 31 have been subjected to right amygdalohippocampectomy and 31 to left amygdalohippocampectomy. These patients were compared with 31 participants with no cerebral pathology, as a control group. RESULTS (a) The control group obtained a higher number of recalled words than the rest of the groups, while the MTLE-right group obtained better results than the MTLE-left group. (b) In the case of positive emotional valence words, the MTLE-left group performed significantly worse than the rest of the groups; whereas for negative emotional words, the MTLE-left group presented the lowest average performance and the control group obtained a higher number of recalled words compared to MTLE-right group. In the case of neutral emotional words, no significant differences were found among the groups. (c) The MTLE-left group showed poorer performance on positive and negative words than neutral; the control group demonstrated lower average performance on positive and neutral words compared to negative; the MTLE-right group did not show any significant differences on the recall of different emotional valences. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MTLE show a deficit in the verbal recall which is exacerbated for information with an affective component. This deficit is more prominent in the case of patients with left unilateral resection (MTLE-left group) since they lose the benefits of the emotional information for the recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Carvajal
- Biological and Health Psychology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Rubio
- Biological and Health Psychology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Martín
- Biological and Health Psychology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Barisnikov K, Thomasson M, Stutzmann J, Lejeune F. Relation between processing facial identity and emotional expression in typically developing school-age children and those with Down syndrome. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2019; 9:179-192. [PMID: 30646753 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2018.1552867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The main purposes of this research were to examine the relation between the processing of face identity and emotion expressions and then discern the significance of emotional expressions using Bruce et al. tasks. Two studies were conducted. Study 1 examined 225 typically developing (TD) children age 4 to 12. Results suggested that early recognition of complete faces and interpretation of emotional expression might depend on local processing abilities, while the recognition of masked faces and emotion expression matching seemed to share configural processing. Study 2 compared 22 children with Down syndrome (DS) to two TD groups matched on mental age (MA group) and chronological age (CA group). Results showed that children with DS processed the identity of complete faces (local processing) similarly to the MA and CA groups. In contrast, their performances for masked faces (configural processing) indicated a developmental delay as they were only comparable to the MA group. Children with DS were also able to identify the emotion expressions according to labels as well as the two control groups, while they had more difficulties on the matching condition. Furthermore, specific difficulties in processing the surprise expression were observed, rather than general difficulties in encoding emotion expressions. Finally, their performances on emotion matching tasks seemed to be supported by local information processing, which might explain their lower scores compared to CA controls that mainly used configural information. These results could aid in the development of targeted interventions for DS to improve their social skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koviljka Barisnikov
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, FPSE, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marine Thomasson
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, FPSE, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jennyfer Stutzmann
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, FPSE, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fleur Lejeune
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, FPSE, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Facial emotion perception in patients with epilepsy: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:212-225. [PMID: 29045812 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Facial emotion perception is a fundamental social competency relying on a specialised, yet distributed, neural network. This review aimed to determine whether patients with epilepsy have facial emotion perception accuracy impairments overall, or for a subset of emotions (anger, disgust, happiness, sadness, fear, and surprise), and the relationship to epilepsy type, demographic/treatment variables, and brain organisation. Database searches used PRISMA guidelines with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. Thirty included studies assessed patients with temporal lobe (TLE; n=709), frontocentral (FCE; n=22), and genetic generalised (GGE; n=48) epilepsy. Large deficits emerged in patients with epilepsy compared to controls (n=746; Hedges' g=0.908-1.076). Patients with TLE were significantly impaired on all emotions except surprise; patients with GGE were significantly impaired in anger, disgust, and fear perception. Meta-regression of patients with TLE revealed younger age at testing was associated with lower accuracy. This review provides evidence for marked global deficits of emotion perception in epilepsy, with differential emotion-specific impairment patterns in patients with TLE and GGE.
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11
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Bora E, Meletti S. Social cognition in temporal lobe epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 60:50-57. [PMID: 27179192 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing evidence suggesting that social cognitive abilities are impaired in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common form of focal epilepsies. METHODS In this meta-analysis, 31 studies investigating theory of mind (ToM) and facial emotion recognition performances of 1356 patients with TLE (351 postsurgery) and 859 healthy controls were included. RESULTS Patients with TLE had significant deficits in ToM (d = 0.73–0.89) and recognition of facial emotions. There were no significant differences in severity of social cognitive deficits between patients with TLE with or without medial temporal lobectomy. Earlier onset of seizures was associated with ToM impairment. Right-sided TLE was associated with more severe deficits in recognition of fear, sadness, and disgust. CONCLUSIONS Social cognitive information processing is impaired in TLE, and the potential role of these deficits in functional impairment needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Bora
- The Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, VIC, Australia.
| | - Stefano Meletti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Neurology Unit, NOCSAE Hospital, AUSL Modena, Italy
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12
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González-Baeza A, Carvajal F, Bayón C, Pérez-Valero I, Montes-Ramírez M, Arribas JR. Facial Emotion Processing in Aviremic HIV-infected Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016; 31:401-10. [PMID: 27193364 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The emotional processing in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive individuals (HIV+) has been scarcely studied. We included HIV+ individuals (n = 107) on antiretroviral therapy (≥2 years) who completed 6 facial processing tasks and neurocognitive testing. We compared HIV+ and healthy adult (HA) participants (n = 40) in overall performance of each facial processing task. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to explore predictors of poorer accuracy in those measures in which HIV+ individuals performed poorer than HA participants. We separately explored the impact of neurocognitive status, antiretroviral regimen, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection on the tasks performance. We found similar performance in overall facial emotion discrimination, recognition, and recall between HIV+ and HA participants. The HIV+ group had poorer recognition of particular negative emotions. Lower WAIS-III Vocabulary scores and active HCV predicted poorer accuracy in recognition of particular emotions. Our results suggest that permanent damage of emotion-related brain systems might persist despite long-term effective antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A González-Baeza
- HIV Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Carvajal
- Biological and Health Psychology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Bayón
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Pérez-Valero
- HIV Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Montes-Ramírez
- HIV Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - J R Arribas
- HIV Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Múnera CP, Lomlomdjian C, Terpiluk V, Medel N, Solís P, Kochen S. Memory for emotional material in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 52:57-61. [PMID: 26409130 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that highly emotional information could facilitate long-term memory encoding and consolidation processes via an amygdala-hippocampal network. Our aim was to assess emotional perception and episodic memory for emotionally arousing material in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) who are candidates for surgical treatment. We did this by using an audiovisual paradigm. Forty-six patients with medically resistant TLE (26 with left TLE and 20 with right TLE) and 19 healthy controls were assessed with a standard narrative test of emotional memory. The experimental task consisted of sequential picture slides with an accompanying narrative depicting a story that has an emotional central section. Subjects were asked to rate their emotional arousal reaction to each stimulus after the story was shown, while emotional memory (EM) was assessed a week later with a multiple choice questionnaire and a visual recognition task. Our results showed that ratings for emotional stimuli for the patients with TLE were significantly higher than for neutral stimuli (p=0.000). It was also observed that patients with TLE recalled significantly less information from each slide compared with controls, with a trend to lower scores on the questionnaire task for the group with LTLE, as well as poorer performance on the visual recognition task for the group with RLTE. Emotional memory was preserved in patients with RTLE despite having generally poorer memory performance compared with controls, while it was found to be impaired in patients with LTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia P Múnera
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Division, Ramos Mejia Hospital, Gral Urquiza 609, C1221ADC CABA, Argentina; Center for Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences: Epilepsy, Cognition and Behavior, Cell Biology and Neuroscience Institute (IBCN), School of Medicine, UBA-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 2nd Floor, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina.
| | - Carolina Lomlomdjian
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Division, Ramos Mejia Hospital, Gral Urquiza 609, C1221ADC CABA, Argentina; Center for Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences: Epilepsy, Cognition and Behavior, Cell Biology and Neuroscience Institute (IBCN), School of Medicine, UBA-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 2nd Floor, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina
| | - Verónica Terpiluk
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Division, Ramos Mejia Hospital, Gral Urquiza 609, C1221ADC CABA, Argentina; Center for Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences: Epilepsy, Cognition and Behavior, Cell Biology and Neuroscience Institute (IBCN), School of Medicine, UBA-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 2nd Floor, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina
| | - Nancy Medel
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Division, Ramos Mejia Hospital, Gral Urquiza 609, C1221ADC CABA, Argentina; Center for Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences: Epilepsy, Cognition and Behavior, Cell Biology and Neuroscience Institute (IBCN), School of Medicine, UBA-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 2nd Floor, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina
| | - Patricia Solís
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Division, Ramos Mejia Hospital, Gral Urquiza 609, C1221ADC CABA, Argentina; Center for Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences: Epilepsy, Cognition and Behavior, Cell Biology and Neuroscience Institute (IBCN), School of Medicine, UBA-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 2nd Floor, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina; National Neuroscience and Neurosurgery Center, El Cruce Hospital, Av. Calchaqui, 5401, C1888 Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Kochen
- Epilepsy Center, Neurology Division, Ramos Mejia Hospital, Gral Urquiza 609, C1221ADC CABA, Argentina; Center for Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences: Epilepsy, Cognition and Behavior, Cell Biology and Neuroscience Institute (IBCN), School of Medicine, UBA-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 2nd Floor, C1121ABG CABA, Argentina; National Neuroscience and Neurosurgery Center, El Cruce Hospital, Av. Calchaqui, 5401, C1888 Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Monti G, Meletti S. Emotion recognition in temporal lobe epilepsy: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 55:280-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Recognition of facial emotions and identity in patients with mesial temporal lobe and idiopathic generalized epilepsy: an eye-tracking study. Seizure 2014; 23:892-8. [PMID: 25277844 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe visual scanning pattern for facial identity recognition (FIR) and emotion recognition (FER) in patients with idiopathic generalized (IGE) and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Secondary endpoint was to correlate the results with cognitive function. METHODS Benton Facial Recognition Test (BFRT) and Ekman&Friesen series were performed for FIR and FER respectively in 23 controls, 20 IGE and 19 MTLE patients. Eye movements were recorded by a Hi-Speed eye-tracker system. Neuropsychological tools explored cognitive function. RESULTS Correct FIR rate was 78% in controls, 70.7% in IGE and 67.4% (p=0.009) in MTLE patients. FER hits reached 82.7% in controls, 74.3% in IGE (p=0.006) and 73.4% in MTLE (p=0.002) groups. IGE patients failed in disgust (p=0.005) and MTLE ones in fear (p=0.009) and disgust (p=0.03). FER correlated with neuropsychological scores, particularly verbal fluency (r=0.542, p<0.001). Eye-tracking revealed that controls scanned faces more diffusely than IGE and MTLE patients for FIR, who tended to top facial areas. A longer scanning of the top facial area was found in the three groups for FER. Gap between top and bottom facial region fixation time decreased in MTLE patients, with more but shorter fixations in bottom facial region. However, none of these findings were statistically significant. CONCLUSION FIR was impaired in MTLE patients, and FER in both IGE and MTLE, particularly for fear and disgust. Although not statistically significant, those with impaired FER tended to perform more diffuse eye-tracking over the faces and have cognitive dysfunction.
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Cohn M, St-Laurent M, Barnett A, McAndrews MP. Social inference deficits in temporal lobe epilepsy and lobectomy: risk factors and neural substrates. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 10:636-44. [PMID: 25062843 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In temporal lobe epilepsy and lobectomy, deficits in emotion identification have been found consistently, but there is limited evidence for complex social inference skills such as theory of mind. Furthermore, risk factors and the specific neural underpinnings of these deficits in this population are unclear. We investigated these issues using a comprehensive range of social inference tasks (emotion identification and comprehension of sincere, deceitful and sarcastic social exchanges) in individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy or lobectomy (n = 87). We observed deficits across patient groups which were partly related to the presence of mesial temporal lobe sclerosis, early age of seizure onset and left lobectomy. A voxel-based morphometry analysis conducted in the pre-operative group confirmed the importance of the temporal lobe by showing a relationship between left hippocampal atrophy and overall social inference abilities, and between left anterior neocortex atrophy and sarcasm comprehension. These findings are in keeping with theoretical proposals that the hippocampus is critical for binding diverse elements in cognitive domains beyond canonical episodic memory operations, and that the anterior temporal cortex is a convergence zone of higher-order perceptual and emotional processes, and of stored representations. As impairments were frequent, we require further investigation of this behavioural domain and its impact on the lives of people with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Cohn
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre at Toronto Western Hospital - UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada Krembil Neuroscience Centre at Toronto Western Hospital - UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie St-Laurent
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre at Toronto Western Hospital - UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander Barnett
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre at Toronto Western Hospital - UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Pat McAndrews
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre at Toronto Western Hospital - UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada Krembil Neuroscience Centre at Toronto Western Hospital - UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Carvajal F, Rubio S, Serrano JM, Ríos-Lago M, Alvarez-Linera J, Pacheco L, Martín P. Is a neutral expression also a neutral stimulus? A study with functional magnetic resonance. Exp Brain Res 2013; 228:467-79. [PMID: 23727881 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although neutral faces do not initially convey an explicit emotional message, it has been found that individuals tend to assign them an affective content. Moreover, previous research has shown that affective judgments are mediated by the task they have to perform. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging in 21 healthy participants, we focus this study on the cerebral activity patterns triggered by neutral and emotional faces in two different tasks (social or gender judgments). Results obtained, using conjunction analyses, indicated that viewing both emotional and neutral faces evokes activity in several similar brain areas indicating a common neural substrate. Moreover, neutral faces specifically elicit activation of cerebellum, frontal and temporal areas, while emotional faces involve the cuneus, anterior cingulated gyrus, medial orbitofrontal cortex, posterior superior temporal gyrus, precentral/postcentral gyrus and insula. The task selected was also found to influence brain activity, in that the social task recruited frontal areas while the gender task involved the posterior cingulated, inferior parietal lobule and middle temporal gyrus to a greater extent. Specifically, in the social task viewing neutral faces was associated with longer reaction times and increased activity of left dorsolateral frontal cortex compared with viewing facial expressions of emotions. In contrast, in the same task emotional expressions distinctively activated the left amygdale. The results are discussed taking into consideration the fact that, like other facial expressions, neutral expressions are usually assigned some emotional significance. However, neutral faces evoke a greater activation of circuits probably involved in more elaborate cognitive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Carvajal
- Department of Biological Psychology and Health, Facultad de Psicologia, Autonomous University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco s/n, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Pinabiaux C, Bulteau C, Fohlen M, Dorfmüller G, Chiron C, Hertz-Pannier L, Delalande O, Jambaqué I. Impaired emotional memory recognition after early temporal lobe epilepsy surgery: The fearful face exception? Cortex 2013; 49:1386-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Carvajal F, Fernández-Alcaraz C, Rueda M, Sarrión L. Processing of facial expressions of emotions by adults with Down syndrome and moderate intellectual disability. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2012; 33:783-790. [PMID: 22240141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The processing of facial expressions of emotions by 23 adults with Down syndrome and moderate intellectual disability was compared with that of adults with intellectual disability of other etiologies (24 matched in cognitive level and 26 with mild intellectual disability). Each participant performed 4 tasks of the Florida Affect Battery and an original task in which they had to match facial expressions after observing the complete face or one of its halves. Adults with Down syndrome did not show any specific difficulties in recognizing facial expressions in spite of showing a poorer discrimination between facial expressions and tended to take more notice of the lower half of the face.
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Wisniewski I, Staack AM, Bilic S, Steinhoff BJ, Manning L. Visuoperceptual and visuospatial abilities prior to and after anterior temporal lobectomy: a case study. Epilepsy Behav 2012; 23:74-8. [PMID: 22112306 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe a patient who presented with temporal lobe epilepsy and a seizure onset pattern in the right temporo-occipital area. Structural MRI revealed sclerosis in the right hippocampus. A comprehensive presurgical neuropsychological assessment allowed us to disentangle deficits in visual object recognition and visual imagery from well-preserved spatial capacities. Following a right temporal lobectomy, the patient remained seizure free, and 1 year postsurgery, the patient's scores on object recognition and imagery were in the normal range. Our findings suggest that visual object recognition and visual imagery are sustained by cortical areas located in proximity to the temporo-occipital ventral pathway and that perceptual and imagery spatial processing is subserved as well by anatomically close mechanisms. Furthermore, the results seem to indicate that nonlesional paroxysmal activity in the posterior temporal lobe can cause chronic dysfunctions of the visual system and that it may be reversible with effective seizure control.
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Bengner T, Malina T. Long-term face memory as a measure of right temporal lobe function in TLE: The Alsterdorfer Faces Test. Epilepsy Res 2010; 89:142-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 10/31/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Palermo R, Schmalzl L, Mohamed A, Bleasel A, Miller L. The effect of unilateral amygdala removals on detecting fear from briefly presented backward-masked faces. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2009; 32:123-31. [PMID: 19381996 DOI: 10.1080/13803390902821724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Facial expressions convey information about the moods and intentions of other people and provide important clues about environmental threats. Previous research has shown that patients with unilateral amygdala removals have difficulties rating the intensity of fearful facial expressions. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether patients with amygdala lesions would also be impaired at detecting fear from briefly presented, backward-masked faces. We found that patients with either left or right temporal lobe excisions were impaired at rating fear intensity in faces, whereas fear detection difficulties were predominantly seen in those who had undergone a left temporal lobectomy. Intriguingly, patients with amygdala damage found it more difficult to recognize fear from faces shown for unlimited durations than to detect fear from briefly presented faces. Moreover, there was little overlap between impairments of fear detection and fear-rating, indicating that task demands are crucially important in determining fear-processing deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Palermo
- Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
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