Michishita Y, Saito T, Uchiyama T. Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive encephalitis in a patient with Sturge-Weber syndrome.
Radiol Case Rep 2024;
19:1276-1279. [PMID:
38292807 PMCID:
PMC10825592 DOI:
10.1016/j.radcr.2024.01.006]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare congenital disorder associated with systemic vascular malformations characterized by port-wine stains, epilepsy, and glaucoma. Patients with SWS can develop stroke-like symptoms such as hemiparesis. We report a case of a 63-year old woman with SWS who developed left-sided hemiparesis and was finally diagnosed with myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-positive encephalitis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed right-dominant bilateral leptomeningeal enhancement, thickened dura mater, and a cerebellar lesion. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed pleocytosis. Both serum and CSF proved positive for MOG antibodies. The patient recovered immediately after intravenous methylprednisolone administration. SWS and MOG antibody-positive encephalitis share similar clinical findings of stroke-like symptoms and leptomeningeal enhancement on MRI. However, MOG antibody-positive encephalitis is highly steroid-responsive in most cases. If a patient with SWS develops stroke-like symptoms accompanied by abnormal CSF findings or subtentorial lesions, testing for MOG antibodies should be considered.
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