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Lin S, Huang C, Sun J, Bollt O, Wang X, Martine E, Kang J, Taylor MD, Fang B, Singh PK, Koomen J, Hao J, Yang S. The mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase is required for cancer cell stemness in lung adenocarcinoma. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10849. [PMID: 31633874 PMCID: PMC6895611 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) is maintained by the mitochondrial deoxynucleoside salvage pathway and dedicated for the mtDNA homeostasis, and the mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) is a rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway. Here, we investigated the role of the DGUOK in the self-renewal of lung cancer stem-like cells (CSC). Our data support that DGUOK overexpression strongly correlates with cancer progression and patient survival. The depletion of DGUOK robustly inhibited lung adenocarcinoma tumor growth, metastasis, and CSC self-renewal. Mechanistically, DGUOK is required for the biogenesis of respiratory complex I and mitochondrial OXPHOS, which in turn regulates CSC self-renewal through AMPK-YAP1 signaling. The restoration of mitochondrial OXPHOS in DGUOK KO lung cancer cells using NDI1 was able to prevent AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of YAP and to rescue CSC stemness. Genetic targeting of DGUOK using doxycycline-inducible CRISPR/Cas9 was able to markedly induce tumor regression. Our findings reveal a novel role for mitochondrial dNTP metabolism in lung cancer tumor growth and progression, and implicate that the mitochondrial deoxynucleotide salvage pathway could be potentially targeted to prevent CSC-mediated therapy resistance and metastatic recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Oana Bollt
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Xiuchao Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Eric Martine
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jiaxin Kang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John Koomen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jihui Hao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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Gandhi VV, Samuels DC. Correlated tissue expression of genes of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial nucleotide metabolisms in normal tissues is disrupted in transformed tissues. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2012; 31:112-29. [PMID: 22303991 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2011.644101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cells maintain dual metabolic pathways to provide substrates for the replication of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. These pathways involve two separate sets of genes in the nuclear DNA, with one set encoding proteins targeted to the mitochondrion. However, the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial metabolisms are capable of communication through the transport of deoxyribonucleosides and deoxyribonucleotides between the two subcellular compartments. Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate concentrations are strongly correlated in normal cells but not in transformed cells. We were therefore interested in comparing the interactions in normal and transformed tissues between the corresponding cytoplasmic and mitochondrial metabolisms that produce deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. We conducted an analysis of gene expression data in normal and transformed human tissues obtained from the UniGene database for a selected set of genes for proteins involved in nucleoside salvage in either the cytoplasm or mitochondria. We also included ribonucleotide reductase in our analysis due to its importance in generating deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. This analysis revealed a large number of highly significant positive correlations between the tissue expression profiles of the genes of the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic pathways in normal tissues, indicating that in normal tissues, the two metabolisms coordinately generate deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. In transformed tissues, this correlation structure was disrupted. Multiple correlations involving the mitochondrial nucleoside kinase gene DGUOK were statistically significantly different between normal and transformed tissues, suggesting that control of DGUOK expression relative to other cytoplasmic genes is important in transformed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal V Gandhi
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0700, USA
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Wang H, Dai J. [Changes on mitochondrial DNA content in non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 14:141-5. [PMID: 21342645 PMCID: PMC5999772 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.02.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 已有的研究表明:线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA)突变和拷贝数的改变和肿瘤有着密切联系;大多数实体性肿瘤中mtDNA拷贝数有明显降低。本研究旨在探讨线粒体基因组含量的改变和原发性非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)的关系。 方法 通过实时荧光定量PCR,对肺癌及相对应的癌旁肺组织mtDNA的含量进行精确定量(拷贝数/细胞)。 结果 肺癌组织mtDNA的平均拷贝数/细胞为395±125,而相对应的正常肺组织为733±196,前者明显低于后者(P < 0.001)。肺癌mtDNA含量的改变与患者性别、年龄、是否吸烟及肿瘤的病理类型无关(P > 0.05)。 结论 mtDNA含量的改变与NSCLC的发生发展密切相关,同时也可能影响其治疗和预后。
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Chongqing 400037, China
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Kang Y, Cheung KC, Wong MH. The use of cytokine array to examine cytokine profiles of two human cell lines exposed to indoor dust. Toxicol Lett 2010; 199:301-7. [PMID: 20883751 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Human cytokine array was used to investigate the cytokine profile of U937 and KERTr after exposure to indoor dust or dust extracts. The release of MCP-1 was increased while release of IL-8 and IL-1β on U937 were decreased after exposure to indoor dust. The releases of RANTES, IL-8 and VEGF from KERTr after exposure to dust extract were increased. The results of IL-8 ELISA assay were consistent with the cytokine array. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to analyze relative changes in gene expression. The MCP-1 mRNA levels were increased after U937 exposure to 18 indoor dust samples, whereas, IL-8 and IL-1β mRNA level showed both up-regulation and down-regulation. The dose-related increase and decrease response was observed on MCP-1 and IL-8, respectively. Most indoor dust extracts increased RANTES, IL-8 and VEGF mRNA levels on KERTr. The dose-dependent response was observed on RANTES and IL-8. A significant correlation (r=0.48, p<0.05) was obtained between the total PAHs concentration in dust extracts and the induction of RANTES mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Kang
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, PR China
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Li G, Elder RT, Dubrovsky L, Liang D, Pushkarsky T, Chiu K, Fan T, Sire J, Bukrinsky M, Zhao RY. HIV-1 replication through hHR23A-mediated interaction of Vpr with 26S proteasome. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11371. [PMID: 20614012 PMCID: PMC2894085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 Vpr is a virion-associated protein. Its activities link to viral pathogenesis and disease progression of HIV-infected patients. In vitro, Vpr moderately activates HIV-1 replication in proliferating T cells, but it is required for efficient viral infection and replication in vivo in non-dividing cells such as macrophages. How exactly Vpr contributes to viral replication remains elusive. We show here that Vpr stimulates HIV-1 replication at least in part through its interaction with hHR23A, a protein that binds to 19S subunit of the 26S proteasome and shuttles ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for degradation. The Vpr-proteasome interaction was initially discovered in fission yeast, where Vpr was shown to associate with Mts4 and Mts2, two 19S-associated proteins. The interaction of Vpr with the 19S subunit of the proteasome was further confirmed in mammalian cells where Vpr associates with the mammalian orthologues of fission yeast Mts4 and S5a. Consistently, depletion of hHR23A interrupts interaction of Vpr with proteasome in mammalian cells. Furthermore, Vpr promotes hHR23A-mediated protein-ubiquitination, and down-regulation of hHR23A using RNAi significantly reduced viral replication in non-proliferating MAGI-CCR5 cells and primary macrophages. These findings suggest that Vpr-proteasome interaction might counteract certain host restriction factor(s) to stimulate viral replication in non-dividing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert T. Elder
- Children's Memorial Research Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Larisa Dubrovsky
- Department of Microbiology and Tropic Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, D. C., United States of America
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tatiana Pushkarsky
- Department of Microbiology and Tropic Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, D. C., United States of America
| | - Karen Chiu
- Children's Memorial Research Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Josephine Sire
- Pathogénie des Infections à Lentivirus, INSERM U372, Marseille, France
| | - Michael Bukrinsky
- Department of Microbiology and Tropic Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, D. C., United States of America
| | - Richard Y. Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Children's Memorial Research Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Antes A, Tappin I, Chung S, Lim R, Lu B, Parrott AM, Hill HZ, Suzuki CK, Lee CG. Differential regulation of full-length genome and a single-stranded 7S DNA along the cell cycle in human mitochondria. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:6466-76. [PMID: 20530535 PMCID: PMC2965228 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian mitochondria contain full-length genome and a single-stranded 7S DNA. Although the copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) varies depending on the cell type and also in response to diverse environmental stresses, our understanding of how mtDNA and 7S DNA are maintained and regulated is limited, partly due to lack of reliable in vitro assay systems that reflect the in vivo functionality of mitochondria. Here we report an in vitro assay system to measure synthesis of both mtDNA and 7S DNA under a controllable in vitro condition. With this assay system, we demonstrate that the replication capacity of mitochondria correlates with endogenous copy numbers of mtDNA and 7S DNA. Our study also shows that higher nucleotide concentrations increasingly promote 7S DNA synthesis but not mtDNA synthesis. Consistently, the mitochondrial capacity to synthesize 7S DNA but not mtDNA noticeably varied along the cell cycle, reaching its highest level in S phase. These findings suggest that syntheses of mtDNA and 7S DNA proceed independently and that the mitochondrial capacity to synthesize 7S DNA dynamically changes not only with cell-cycle progression but also in response to varying nucleotide concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Antes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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